youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import re
  10 import time
  11 import traceback
  12
  13 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  14 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  15 from ..swfinterp import SWFInterpreter
  16 from ..compat import (
  17     compat_chr,
  18     compat_parse_qs,
  19     compat_urllib_parse,
  20     compat_urllib_request,
  21     compat_urlparse,
  22     compat_str,
  23 )
  24 from ..utils import (
  25     clean_html,
  26     ExtractorError,
  27     float_or_none,
  28     get_element_by_attribute,
  29     get_element_by_id,
  30     int_or_none,
  31     orderedSet,
  32     unescapeHTML,
  33     unified_strdate,
  34     uppercase_escape,
  35 )
  36
  37
  38 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  39     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  40     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  41     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/SecondFactor'
  42     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  43     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  44     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  45
  46     def _set_language(self):
  47         self._set_cookie(
  48             '.youtube.com', 'PREF', 'f1=50000000&hl=en',
  49             # YouTube sets the expire time to about two months
  50             expire_time=time.time() + 2 * 30 * 24 * 3600)
  51
  52     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
  53         return [
  54             self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
  55             for vid_id in ids]
  56
  57     def _login(self):
  58         """
  59         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  60         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  61         False is returned if login failed.
  62
  63         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  64         """
  65         (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
  66         # No authentication to be performed
  67         if username is None:
  68             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
  69                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  70             return True
  71
  72         login_page = self._download_webpage(
  73             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
  74             note='Downloading login page',
  75             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
  76         if login_page is False:
  77             return
  78
  79         galx = self._search_regex(r'(?s)<input.+?name="GALX".+?value="(.+?)"',
  80                                   login_page, 'Login GALX parameter')
  81
  82         # Log in
  83         login_form_strs = {
  84             'continue': 'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
  85             'Email': username,
  86             'GALX': galx,
  87             'Passwd': password,
  88
  89             'PersistentCookie': 'yes',
  90             '_utf8': '霱',
  91             'bgresponse': 'js_disabled',
  92             'checkConnection': '',
  93             'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
  94             'dnConn': '',
  95             'pstMsg': '0',
  96             'rmShown': '1',
  97             'secTok': '',
  98             'signIn': 'Sign in',
  99             'timeStmp': '',
 100             'service': 'youtube',
 101             'uilel': '3',
 102             'hl': 'en_US',
 103         }
 104
 105         # Convert to UTF-8 *before* urlencode because Python 2.x's urlencode
 106         # chokes on unicode
 107         login_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k, v in login_form_strs.items())
 108         login_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(login_form).encode('ascii')
 109
 110         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._LOGIN_URL, login_data)
 111         login_results = self._download_webpage(
 112             req, None,
 113             note='Logging in', errnote='unable to log in', fatal=False)
 114         if login_results is False:
 115             return False
 116
 117         if re.search(r'id="errormsg_0_Passwd"', login_results) is not None:
 118             raise ExtractorError('Please use your account password and a two-factor code instead of an application-specific password.', expected=True)
 119
 120         # Two-Factor
 121         # TODO add SMS and phone call support - these require making a request and then prompting the user
 122
 123         if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_secondfactorform"', login_results) is not None:
 124             tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info()
 125
 126             if tfa_code is None:
 127                 self._downloader.report_warning('Two-factor authentication required. Provide it with --twofactor <code>')
 128                 self._downloader.report_warning('(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 129                 return False
 130
 131             # Unlike the first login form, secTok and timeStmp are both required for the TFA form
 132
 133             match = re.search(r'id="secTok"\n\s+value=\'(.+)\'/>', login_results, re.M | re.U)
 134             if match is None:
 135                 self._downloader.report_warning('Failed to get secTok - did the page structure change?')
 136             secTok = match.group(1)
 137             match = re.search(r'id="timeStmp"\n\s+value=\'(.+)\'/>', login_results, re.M | re.U)
 138             if match is None:
 139                 self._downloader.report_warning('Failed to get timeStmp - did the page structure change?')
 140             timeStmp = match.group(1)
 141
 142             tfa_form_strs = {
 143                 'continue': 'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
 144                 'smsToken': '',
 145                 'smsUserPin': tfa_code,
 146                 'smsVerifyPin': 'Verify',
 147
 148                 'PersistentCookie': 'yes',
 149                 'checkConnection': '',
 150                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 151                 'pstMsg': '1',
 152                 'secTok': secTok,
 153                 'timeStmp': timeStmp,
 154                 'service': 'youtube',
 155                 'hl': 'en_US',
 156             }
 157             tfa_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k, v in tfa_form_strs.items())
 158             tfa_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(tfa_form).encode('ascii')
 159
 160             tfa_req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._TWOFACTOR_URL, tfa_data)
 161             tfa_results = self._download_webpage(
 162                 tfa_req, None,
 163                 note='Submitting TFA code', errnote='unable to submit tfa', fatal=False)
 164
 165             if tfa_results is False:
 166                 return False
 167
 168             if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_secondfactorform"', tfa_results) is not None:
 169                 self._downloader.report_warning('Two-factor code expired. Please try again, or use a one-use backup code instead.')
 170                 return False
 171             if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', tfa_results) is not None:
 172                 self._downloader.report_warning('unable to log in - did the page structure change?')
 173                 return False
 174             if re.search(r'smsauth-interstitial-reviewsettings', tfa_results) is not None:
 175                 self._downloader.report_warning('Your Google account has a security notice. Please log in on your web browser, resolve the notice, and try again.')
 176                 return False
 177
 178         if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', login_results) is not None:
 179             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to log in: bad username or password')
 180             return False
 181         return True
 182
 183     def _real_initialize(self):
 184         if self._downloader is None:
 185             return
 186         self._set_language()
 187         if not self._login():
 188             return
 189
 190
 191 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 192     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 193     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 194                      (
 195                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 196                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 197                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 198                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
 199                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
 200                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 201                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 202                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 203                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 204                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 205                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 206                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 207                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 208                                  (?:.*?&)?                                    # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx)
 209                                  v=
 210                              )
 211                          ))
 212                          |youtu\.be/                                          # just youtu.be/xxxx
 213                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 214                          )
 215                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 216                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 217                      (?!.*?&list=)                                            # combined list/video URLs are handled by the playlist IE
 218                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 219                      $"""
 220     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 221     _formats = {
 222         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240},
 223         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270},
 224         '13': {'ext': '3gp'},
 225         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144},
 226         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 227         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720},
 228         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 229         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 230         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'height': 240},
 231         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080},
 232         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072},
 233         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 234         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 235         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720},
 236         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080},
 237         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 238         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 239
 240
 241         # 3d videos
 242         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 243         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 244         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 245         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 246         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 247         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 248         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 249
 250         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 251         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 252         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 253         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 254         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 255         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 256         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 257         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 258
 259         # DASH mp4 video
 260         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 261         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 262         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 263         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 264         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 265         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 266         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 267         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 268         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 269         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 270         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 271
 272         # Dash mp4 audio
 273         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 48, 'preference': -50, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 274         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 128, 'preference': -50, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 275         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 276
 277         # Dash webm
 278         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
 279         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
 280         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
 281         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
 282         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
 283         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP8', 'preference': -40},
 284         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 285         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 286         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 287         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 288         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 289         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 290         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 291         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 292         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 293         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40},
 294         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 295         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 296         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 297         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 298         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'acodec': 'none', 'preference': -40, 'fps': 60, 'vcodec': 'VP9'},
 299
 300         # Dash webm audio
 301         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128, 'preference': -50},
 302         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50},
 303
 304         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 305         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50, 'preference': -50},
 306         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70, 'preference': -50},
 307         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160, 'preference': -50},
 308
 309         # RTMP (unnamed)
 310         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 311     }
 312
 313     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 314     _TESTS = [
 315         {
 316             'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
 317             'info_dict': {
 318                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 319                 'ext': 'mp4',
 320                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 321                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 322                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 323                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 324                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 325                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 326                 'like_count': int,
 327                 'dislike_count': int,
 328             }
 329         },
 330         {
 331             'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY',
 332             'note': 'Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)',
 333             'info_dict': {
 334                 'id': 'UxxajLWwzqY',
 335                 'ext': 'mp4',
 336                 'upload_date': '20120506',
 337                 'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
 338                 'description': 'md5:fea86fda2d5a5784273df5c7cc994d9f',
 339                 'uploader': 'Icona Pop',
 340                 'uploader_id': 'IconaPop',
 341             }
 342         },
 343         {
 344             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ',
 345             'note': 'Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)',
 346             'info_dict': {
 347                 'id': '07FYdnEawAQ',
 348                 'ext': 'mp4',
 349                 'upload_date': '20130703',
 350                 'title': 'Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Explicit)',
 351                 'description': 'md5:64249768eec3bc4276236606ea996373',
 352                 'uploader': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 353                 'uploader_id': 'justintimberlakeVEVO',
 354             }
 355         },
 356         {
 357             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 358             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 359             'info_dict': {
 360                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 361                 'ext': 'mp4',
 362                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 363                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 364                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 365                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 366                 'uploader_id': 'setindia'
 367             }
 368         },
 369         {
 370             'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 371             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 372             'info_dict': {
 373                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 374                 'ext': 'm4a',
 375                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 376                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 377                 'description': '',
 378                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 379                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 380             },
 381             'params': {
 382                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 383                 'format': '141',
 384             },
 385         },
 386         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 387         {
 388             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 389             'info_dict': {
 390                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 391                 'ext': 'm4a',
 392                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark ft. Spree Wilson',
 393                 'description': 'md5:12e7067fa6735a77bdcbb58cb1187d2d',
 394                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 395                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 396                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 397             },
 398             'params': {
 399                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 400                 'format': '141',
 401             },
 402         },
 403         # JS player signature function name containing $
 404         {
 405             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfWlot6h_JM',
 406             'info_dict': {
 407                 'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
 408                 'ext': 'm4a',
 409                 'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
 410                 'description': 'md5:2acfda1b285bdd478ccec22f9918199d',
 411                 'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 412                 'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
 413                 'upload_date': '20140818',
 414             },
 415             'params': {
 416                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 417                 'format': '141',
 418             },
 419         },
 420         # Controversy video
 421         {
 422             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 423             'info_dict': {
 424                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 425                 'ext': 'mp4',
 426                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 427                 'uploader': 'The Amazing Atheist',
 428                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 429                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 430                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms\n\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 431             }
 432         },
 433         # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed)
 434         {
 435             'url': 'http://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 436             'info_dict': {
 437                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 438                 'ext': 'mp4',
 439                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 440                 'description': 're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 441                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 442                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 443                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 444             },
 445         },
 446         # Age-gate video with encrypted signature
 447         {
 448             'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kLq3WMV1nU',
 449             'info_dict': {
 450                 'id': '6kLq3WMV1nU',
 451                 'ext': 'mp4',
 452                 'title': 'Dedication To My Ex (Miss That) (Lyric Video)',
 453                 'description': 'md5:33765bb339e1b47e7e72b5490139bb41',
 454                 'uploader': 'LloydVEVO',
 455                 'uploader_id': 'LloydVEVO',
 456                 'upload_date': '20110629',
 457             },
 458         },
 459         # video_info is None (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 460         {
 461             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 462             'info_dict': {
 463                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 464                 'ext': 'mp4',
 465                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 466                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 467                 'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
 468                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 469                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 470             },
 471             'expected_warnings': [
 472                 'DASH manifest missing',
 473             ]
 474         },
 475         # Olympics (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 476         {
 477             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 478             'info_dict': {
 479                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 480                 'ext': 'mp4',
 481                 'upload_date': '20120731',
 482                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 483                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 484                 'uploader': 'Olympics',
 485                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 486             },
 487             'params': {
 488                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 489             }
 490         },
 491         # Non-square pixels
 492         {
 493             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 494             'info_dict': {
 495                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 496                 'ext': 'mp4',
 497                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 498                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 499                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 500                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 501                 'uploader': '孫艾倫',
 502                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 503             },
 504         },
 505         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 506         {
 507             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 508             'info_dict': {
 509                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 510                 'ext': 'mp4',
 511                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 512                 'description': '',
 513                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 514                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 515                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 516             },
 517             'params': {
 518                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 519             }
 520         },
 521     ]
 522
 523     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 524         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 525         self._player_cache = {}
 526
 527     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
 528         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
 529         self.to_screen('%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
 530
 531     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
 532         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
 533         self.to_screen('%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
 534
 535     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
 536         """Report extracted video URL."""
 537         self.to_screen('%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
 538
 539     def report_rtmp_download(self):
 540         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
 541         self.to_screen('RTMP download detected')
 542
 543     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
 544         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
 545         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
 546
 547     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
 548         id_m = re.match(
 549             r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
 550             player_url)
 551         if not id_m:
 552             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
 553         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
 554         player_id = id_m.group('id')
 555
 556         # Read from filesystem cache
 557         func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
 558             player_type, player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
 559         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
 560
 561         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
 562         if cache_spec is not None:
 563             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
 564
 565         download_note = (
 566             'Downloading player %s' % player_url
 567             if self._downloader.params.get('verbose') else
 568             'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id)
 569         )
 570         if player_type == 'js':
 571             code = self._download_webpage(
 572                 player_url, video_id,
 573                 note=download_note,
 574                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 575             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
 576         elif player_type == 'swf':
 577             urlh = self._request_webpage(
 578                 player_url, video_id,
 579                 note=download_note,
 580                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 581             code = urlh.read()
 582             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
 583         else:
 584             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
 585
 586         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
 587         cache_res = res(test_string)
 588         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 589
 590         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
 591         return res
 592
 593     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
 594         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
 595             def _genslice(start, end, step):
 596                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
 597                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
 598                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
 599                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
 600
 601             step = None
 602             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
 603             start = '(Never used)'
 604             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
 605                 if step is not None:
 606                     if i - prev == step:
 607                         continue
 608                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
 609                     step = None
 610                     continue
 611                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
 612                     step = i - prev
 613                     start = prev
 614                     continue
 615                 else:
 616                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
 617             if step is None:
 618                 yield 's[%d]' % i
 619             else:
 620                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
 621
 622         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
 623         cache_res = func(test_string)
 624         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 625         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
 626         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
 627             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
 628         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
 629                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
 630         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
 631
 632     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
 633         funcname = self._search_regex(
 634             r'\.sig\|\|([a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(', jscode,
 635             'Initial JS player signature function name')
 636
 637         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
 638         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
 639         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 640
 641     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
 642         swfi = SWFInterpreter(file_contents)
 643         TARGET_CLASSNAME = 'SignatureDecipher'
 644         searched_class = swfi.extract_class(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 645         initial_function = swfi.extract_function(searched_class, 'decipher')
 646         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 647
 648     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
 649         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
 650
 651         if player_url is None:
 652             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
 653
 654         if player_url.startswith('//'):
 655             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
 656         try:
 657             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
 658             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
 659                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
 660                     video_id, player_url, s
 661                 )
 662                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
 663             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
 664             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
 665                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
 666             return func(s)
 667         except Exception as e:
 668             tb = traceback.format_exc()
 669             raise ExtractorError(
 670                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
 671
 672     def _get_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
 673         try:
 674             subs_doc = self._download_xml(
 675                 'https://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
 676                 video_id, note=False)
 677         except ExtractorError as err:
 678             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to download video subtitles: %s' % compat_str(err))
 679             return {}
 680
 681         sub_lang_list = {}
 682         for track in subs_doc.findall('track'):
 683             lang = track.attrib['lang_code']
 684             if lang in sub_lang_list:
 685                 continue
 686             sub_formats = []
 687             for ext in ['sbv', 'vtt', 'srt']:
 688                 params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
 689                     'lang': lang,
 690                     'v': video_id,
 691                     'fmt': ext,
 692                     'name': track.attrib['name'].encode('utf-8'),
 693                 })
 694                 sub_formats.append({
 695                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params,
 696                     'ext': ext,
 697                 })
 698             sub_lang_list[lang] = sub_formats
 699         if not sub_lang_list:
 700             self._downloader.report_warning('video doesn\'t have subtitles')
 701             return {}
 702         return sub_lang_list
 703
 704     def _get_automatic_captions(self, video_id, webpage):
 705         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
 706            argument to speed up the process."""
 707         self.to_screen('%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
 708         mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', webpage)
 709         err_msg = 'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
 710         if mobj is None:
 711             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
 712             return {}
 713         player_config = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
 714         try:
 715             args = player_config['args']
 716             caption_url = args['ttsurl']
 717             timestamp = args['timestamp']
 718             # We get the available subtitles
 719             list_params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
 720                 'type': 'list',
 721                 'tlangs': 1,
 722                 'asrs': 1,
 723             })
 724             list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
 725             caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
 726             original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
 727             if original_lang_node is None:
 728                 self._downloader.report_warning('Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
 729                 return {}
 730             original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
 731             caption_kind = original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind', '')
 732
 733             sub_lang_list = {}
 734             for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
 735                 sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
 736                 sub_formats = []
 737                 for ext in ['sbv', 'vtt', 'srt']:
 738                     params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
 739                         'lang': original_lang,
 740                         'tlang': sub_lang,
 741                         'fmt': ext,
 742                         'ts': timestamp,
 743                         'kind': caption_kind,
 744                     })
 745                     sub_formats.append({
 746                         'url': caption_url + '&' + params,
 747                         'ext': ext,
 748                     })
 749                 sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = sub_formats
 750             return sub_lang_list
 751         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
 752         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
 753         except (KeyError, ExtractorError):
 754             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
 755             return {}
 756
 757     @classmethod
 758     def extract_id(cls, url):
 759         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
 760         if mobj is None:
 761             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
 762         video_id = mobj.group(2)
 763         return video_id
 764
 765     def _extract_from_m3u8(self, manifest_url, video_id):
 766         url_map = {}
 767
 768         def _get_urls(_manifest):
 769             lines = _manifest.split('\n')
 770             urls = filter(lambda l: l and not l.startswith('#'),
 771                           lines)
 772             return urls
 773         manifest = self._download_webpage(manifest_url, video_id, 'Downloading formats manifest')
 774         formats_urls = _get_urls(manifest)
 775         for format_url in formats_urls:
 776             itag = self._search_regex(r'itag/(\d+?)/', format_url, 'itag')
 777             url_map[itag] = format_url
 778         return url_map
 779
 780     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
 781         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
 782         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note='Searching for annotations.', errnote='Unable to download video annotations.')
 783
 784     def _parse_dash_manifest(
 785             self, video_id, dash_manifest_url, player_url, age_gate):
 786         def decrypt_sig(mobj):
 787             s = mobj.group(1)
 788             dec_s = self._decrypt_signature(s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
 789             return '/signature/%s' % dec_s
 790         dash_manifest_url = re.sub(r'/s/([a-fA-F0-9\.]+)', decrypt_sig, dash_manifest_url)
 791         dash_doc = self._download_xml(
 792             dash_manifest_url, video_id,
 793             note='Downloading DASH manifest',
 794             errnote='Could not download DASH manifest')
 795
 796         formats = []
 797         for a in dash_doc.findall('.//{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}AdaptationSet'):
 798             mime_type = a.attrib.get('mimeType')
 799             for r in a.findall('{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}Representation'):
 800                 url_el = r.find('{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}BaseURL')
 801                 if url_el is None:
 802                     continue
 803                 if mime_type == 'text/vtt':
 804                     # TODO implement WebVTT downloading
 805                     pass
 806                 elif mime_type.startswith('audio/') or mime_type.startswith('video/'):
 807                     format_id = r.attrib['id']
 808                     video_url = url_el.text
 809                     filesize = int_or_none(url_el.attrib.get('{http://youtube.com/yt/2012/10/10}contentLength'))
 810                     f = {
 811                         'format_id': format_id,
 812                         'url': video_url,
 813                         'width': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('width')),
 814                         'height': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('height')),
 815                         'tbr': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('bandwidth'), 1000),
 816                         'asr': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('audioSamplingRate')),
 817                         'filesize': filesize,
 818                         'fps': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('frameRate')),
 819                     }
 820                     try:
 821                         existing_format = next(
 822                             fo for fo in formats
 823                             if fo['format_id'] == format_id)
 824                     except StopIteration:
 825                         full_info = self._formats.get(format_id, {}).copy()
 826                         full_info.update(f)
 827                         formats.append(full_info)
 828                     else:
 829                         existing_format.update(f)
 830                 else:
 831                     self.report_warning('Unknown MIME type %s in DASH manifest' % mime_type)
 832         return formats
 833
 834     def _real_extract(self, url):
 835         proto = (
 836             'http' if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_insecure', False)
 837             else 'https')
 838
 839         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
 840         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
 841         if mobj:
 842             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse.unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
 843         video_id = self.extract_id(url)
 844
 845         # Get video webpage
 846         url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
 847         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 848
 849         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
 850         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
 851         if mobj is not None:
 852             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
 853         else:
 854             player_url = None
 855
 856         # Get video info
 857         embed_webpage = None
 858         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
 859             age_gate = True
 860             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
 861             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
 862             url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
 863             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
 864             data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
 865                 'video_id': video_id,
 866                 'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
 867                 'sts': self._search_regex(
 868                     r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
 869             })
 870             video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
 871             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
 872                 video_info_url, video_id,
 873                 note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
 874                 errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
 875             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
 876         else:
 877             age_gate = False
 878             try:
 879                 # Try looking directly into the video webpage
 880                 mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer\.config\s*=\s*({.*?});', video_webpage)
 881                 if not mobj:
 882                     raise ValueError('Could not find ytplayer.config')  # caught below
 883                 json_code = uppercase_escape(mobj.group(1))
 884                 ytplayer_config = json.loads(json_code)
 885                 args = ytplayer_config['args']
 886                 # Convert to the same format returned by compat_parse_qs
 887                 video_info = dict((k, [v]) for k, v in args.items())
 888                 if not args.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'):
 889                     raise ValueError('No stream_map present')  # caught below
 890             except ValueError:
 891                 # We fallback to the get_video_info pages (used by the embed page)
 892                 self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
 893                 for el_type in ['&el=embedded', '&el=detailpage', '&el=vevo', '']:
 894                     video_info_url = (
 895                         '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&video_id=%s%s&ps=default&eurl=&gl=US&hl=en'
 896                         % (proto, video_id, el_type))
 897                     video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
 898                         video_info_url,
 899                         video_id, note=False,
 900                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
 901                     video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
 902                     if 'token' in video_info:
 903                         break
 904         if 'token' not in video_info:
 905             if 'reason' in video_info:
 906                 raise ExtractorError(
 907                     'YouTube said: %s' % video_info['reason'][0],
 908                     expected=True, video_id=video_id)
 909             else:
 910                 raise ExtractorError(
 911                     '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
 912                     video_id=video_id)
 913
 914         if 'view_count' in video_info:
 915             view_count = int(video_info['view_count'][0])
 916         else:
 917             view_count = None
 918
 919         # Check for "rental" videos
 920         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
 921             raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported')
 922
 923         # Start extracting information
 924         self.report_information_extraction(video_id)
 925
 926         # uploader
 927         if 'author' not in video_info:
 928             raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract uploader name')
 929         video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['author'][0])
 930
 931         # uploader_id
 932         video_uploader_id = None
 933         mobj = re.search(r'<link itemprop="url" href="http://www.youtube.com/(?:user|channel)/([^"]+)">', video_webpage)
 934         if mobj is not None:
 935             video_uploader_id = mobj.group(1)
 936         else:
 937             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract uploader nickname')
 938
 939         # title
 940         if 'title' in video_info:
 941             video_title = video_info['title'][0]
 942         else:
 943             self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
 944             video_title = '_'
 945
 946         # thumbnail image
 947         # We try first to get a high quality image:
 948         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
 949                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
 950         if m_thumb is not None:
 951             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
 952         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
 953             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video thumbnail')
 954             video_thumbnail = None
 955         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
 956             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
 957
 958         # upload date
 959         upload_date = None
 960         mobj = re.search(r'(?s)id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>', video_webpage)
 961         if mobj is None:
 962             mobj = re.search(
 963                 r'(?s)id="watch-uploader-info".*?>.*?(?:Published|Uploaded|Streamed live) on (.*?)</strong>',
 964                 video_webpage)
 965         if mobj is not None:
 966             upload_date = ' '.join(re.sub(r'[/,-]', r' ', mobj.group(1)).split())
 967             upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
 968
 969         m_cat_container = self._search_regex(
 970             r'(?s)<h4[^>]*>\s*Category\s*</h4>\s*<ul[^>]*>(.*?)</ul>',
 971             video_webpage, 'categories', default=None)
 972         if m_cat_container:
 973             category = self._html_search_regex(
 974                 r'(?s)<a[^<]+>(.*?)</a>', m_cat_container, 'category',
 975                 default=None)
 976             video_categories = None if category is None else [category]
 977         else:
 978             video_categories = None
 979
 980         # description
 981         video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
 982         if video_description:
 983             video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
 984                 <a\s+
 985                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
 986                     title="([^"]+)"\s+
 987                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
 988                     class="yt-uix-redirect-link"\s*>
 989                 [^<]+
 990                 </a>
 991             ''', r'\1', video_description)
 992             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
 993         else:
 994             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
 995             if fd_mobj:
 996                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
 997             else:
 998                 video_description = ''
 999
1000         def _extract_count(count_name):
1001             count = self._search_regex(
1002                 r'id="watch-%s"[^>]*>.*?([\d,]+)\s*</span>' % re.escape(count_name),
1003                 video_webpage, count_name, default=None)
1004             if count is not None:
1005                 return int(count.replace(',', ''))
1006             return None
1007         like_count = _extract_count('like')
1008         dislike_count = _extract_count('dislike')
1009
1010         # subtitles
1011         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1012         automatic_captions = self.extract_automatic_captions(video_id, video_webpage)
1013
1014         if 'length_seconds' not in video_info:
1015             self._downloader.report_warning('unable to extract video duration')
1016             video_duration = None
1017         else:
1018             video_duration = int(compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['length_seconds'][0]))
1019
1020         # annotations
1021         video_annotations = None
1022         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
1023             video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
1024
1025         def _map_to_format_list(urlmap):
1026             formats = []
1027             for itag, video_real_url in urlmap.items():
1028                 dct = {
1029                     'format_id': itag,
1030                     'url': video_real_url,
1031                     'player_url': player_url,
1032                 }
1033                 if itag in self._formats:
1034                     dct.update(self._formats[itag])
1035                 formats.append(dct)
1036             return formats
1037
1038         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1039             self.report_rtmp_download()
1040             formats = [{
1041                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1042                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1043                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1044                 'player_url': player_url,
1045             }]
1046         elif len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1:
1047             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
1048             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1049                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1050             url_map = {}
1051             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1052                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1053                 if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data:
1054                     continue
1055                 format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
1056                 url = url_data['url'][0]
1057
1058                 if 'sig' in url_data:
1059                     url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1060                 elif 's' in url_data:
1061                     encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1062                     ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
1063
1064                     jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1065                         ASSETS_RE,
1066                         embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
1067                         'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
1068                     if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
1069                         # We need the embed website after all
1070                         if embed_webpage is None:
1071                             embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
1072                             embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
1073                                 embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
1074                         jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1075                             ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
1076
1077                     player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1078                     if player_url is None:
1079                         player_url_json = self._search_regex(
1080                             r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
1081                             video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
1082                         player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
1083
1084                     if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1085                         if player_url is None:
1086                             player_version = 'unknown'
1087                             player_desc = 'unknown'
1088                         else:
1089                             if player_url.endswith('swf'):
1090                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1091                                     r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
1092                                     'flash player', fatal=False)
1093                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1094                             else:
1095                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1096                                     r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player)?\.js',
1097                                     player_url,
1098                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1099                                 player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
1100
1101                         parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
1102                         self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
1103                                        (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
1104
1105                     signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1106                         encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1107                     url += '&signature=' + signature
1108                 if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1109                     url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1110                 url_map[format_id] = url
1111             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
1112         elif video_info.get('hlsvp'):
1113             manifest_url = video_info['hlsvp'][0]
1114             url_map = self._extract_from_m3u8(manifest_url, video_id)
1115             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
1116         else:
1117             raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
1118
1119         # Look for the DASH manifest
1120         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
1121             dash_mpd = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1122             if dash_mpd:
1123                 dash_manifest_url = dash_mpd[0]
1124                 try:
1125                     dash_formats = self._parse_dash_manifest(
1126                         video_id, dash_manifest_url, player_url, age_gate)
1127                 except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
1128                     self.report_warning(
1129                         'Skipping DASH manifest: %r' % e, video_id)
1130                 else:
1131                     # Remove the formats we found through non-DASH, they
1132                     # contain less info and it can be wrong, because we use
1133                     # fixed values (for example the resolution). See
1134                     # https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5774 for an
1135                     # example.
1136                     dash_keys = set(df['format_id'] for df in dash_formats)
1137                     formats = [f for f in formats if f['format_id'] not in dash_keys]
1138                     formats.extend(dash_formats)
1139
1140         # Check for malformed aspect ratio
1141         stretched_m = re.search(
1142             r'<meta\s+property="og:video:tag".*?content="yt:stretch=(?P<w>[0-9]+):(?P<h>[0-9]+)">',
1143             video_webpage)
1144         if stretched_m:
1145             ratio = float(stretched_m.group('w')) / float(stretched_m.group('h'))
1146             for f in formats:
1147                 if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
1148                     f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
1149
1150         self._sort_formats(formats)
1151
1152         return {
1153             'id': video_id,
1154             'uploader': video_uploader,
1155             'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
1156             'upload_date': upload_date,
1157             'title': video_title,
1158             'thumbnail': video_thumbnail,
1159             'description': video_description,
1160             'categories': video_categories,
1161             'subtitles': video_subtitles,
1162             'automatic_captions': automatic_captions,
1163             'duration': video_duration,
1164             'age_limit': 18 if age_gate else 0,
1165             'annotations': video_annotations,
1166             'webpage_url': proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
1167             'view_count': view_count,
1168             'like_count': like_count,
1169             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
1170             'average_rating': float_or_none(video_info.get('avg_rating', [None])[0]),
1171             'formats': formats,
1172         }
1173
1174
1175 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1176     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
1177     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)(?:
1178                         (?:https?://)?
1179                         (?:\w+\.)?
1180                         youtube\.com/
1181                         (?:
1182                            (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch|embed/videoseries)
1183                            \? (?:.*?&)*? (?:p|a|list)=
1184                         |  p/
1185                         )
1186                         (
1187                             (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
1188                             # Top tracks, they can also include dots
1189                             |(?:MC)[\w\.]*
1190                         )
1191                         .*
1192                      |
1193                         ((?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})
1194                      )"""
1195     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
1196     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)'
1197     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
1198     _TESTS = [{
1199         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
1200         'info_dict': {
1201             'title': 'ytdl test PL',
1202             'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
1203         },
1204         'playlist_count': 3,
1205     }, {
1206         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
1207         'info_dict': {
1208             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
1209             'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
1210         },
1211         'playlist_count': 0,
1212     }, {
1213         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
1214         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
1215         'info_dict': {
1216             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
1217             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
1218         },
1219         'playlist_count': 95,
1220     }, {
1221         'note': 'issue #673',
1222         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
1223         'info_dict': {
1224             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
1225             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
1226         },
1227         'playlist_mincount': 26,
1228     }, {
1229         'note': 'Large playlist',
1230         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
1231         'info_dict': {
1232             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
1233             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
1234         },
1235         'playlist_mincount': 799,
1236     }, {
1237         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
1238         'info_dict': {
1239             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
1240             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
1241         },
1242         'playlist_count': 2,
1243     }, {
1244         'note': 'embedded',
1245         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
1246         'playlist_count': 4,
1247         'info_dict': {
1248             'title': 'JODA15',
1249             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
1250         }
1251     }, {
1252         'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
1253         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/p/YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ?hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0',
1254         'playlist_count': 4,
1255         'info_dict': {
1256             'title': 'JODA7',
1257             'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
1258         }
1259     }, {
1260         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
1261         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
1262         'info_dict': {
1263             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
1264             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
1265         },
1266         'playlist_mincout': 21,
1267     }]
1268
1269     def _real_initialize(self):
1270         self._login()
1271
1272     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
1273         # The mixes are generated from a single video
1274         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
1275         url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (playlist_id[-11:], playlist_id)
1276         webpage = self._download_webpage(
1277             url, playlist_id, 'Downloading Youtube mix')
1278         search_title = lambda class_name: get_element_by_attribute('class', class_name, webpage)
1279         title_span = (
1280             search_title('playlist-title') or
1281             search_title('title long-title') or
1282             search_title('title'))
1283         title = clean_html(title_span)
1284         ids = orderedSet(re.findall(
1285             r'''(?xs)data-video-username=".*?".*?
1286                        href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s''' % re.escape(playlist_id),
1287             webpage))
1288         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1289
1290         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
1291
1292     def _extract_playlist(self, playlist_id):
1293         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % playlist_id
1294         page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id)
1295
1296         for match in re.findall(r'<div class="yt-alert-message">([^<]+)</div>', page):
1297             match = match.strip()
1298             # Check if the playlist exists or is private
1299             if re.match(r'[^<]*(The|This) playlist (does not exist|is private)[^<]*', match):
1300                 raise ExtractorError(
1301                     'The playlist doesn\'t exist or is private, use --username or '
1302                     '--netrc to access it.',
1303                     expected=True)
1304             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Invalid parameters[^<]*', match):
1305                 raise ExtractorError(
1306                     'Invalid parameters. Maybe URL is incorrect.',
1307                     expected=True)
1308             elif re.match(r'[^<]*Choose your language[^<]*', match):
1309                 continue
1310             else:
1311                 self.report_warning('Youtube gives an alert message: ' + match)
1312
1313         # Extract the video ids from the playlist pages
1314         def _entries():
1315             more_widget_html = content_html = page
1316             for page_num in itertools.count(1):
1317                 matches = re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, content_html)
1318                 # We remove the duplicates and the link with index 0
1319                 # (it's not the first video of the playlist)
1320                 new_ids = orderedSet(m.group('id') for m in matches if m.group('index') != '0')
1321                 for vid_id in new_ids:
1322                     yield self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
1323
1324                 mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
1325                 if not mobj:
1326                     break
1327
1328                 more = self._download_json(
1329                     'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), playlist_id,
1330                     'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
1331                     transform_source=uppercase_escape)
1332                 content_html = more['content_html']
1333                 if not content_html.strip():
1334                     # Some webpages show a "Load more" button but they don't
1335                     # have more videos
1336                     break
1337                 more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
1338
1339         playlist_title = self._html_search_regex(
1340             r'(?s)<h1 class="pl-header-title[^"]*">\s*(.*?)\s*</h1>',
1341             page, 'title')
1342
1343         return self.playlist_result(_entries(), playlist_id, playlist_title)
1344
1345     def _real_extract(self, url):
1346         # Extract playlist id
1347         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1348         if mobj is None:
1349             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1350         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
1351
1352         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
1353         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
1354         if 'v' in query_dict:
1355             video_id = query_dict['v'][0]
1356             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1357                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1358                 return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1359             else:
1360                 self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
1361
1362         if playlist_id.startswith('RD') or playlist_id.startswith('UL'):
1363             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
1364             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
1365
1366         return self._extract_playlist(playlist_id)
1367
1368
1369 class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
1370     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
1371     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
1372     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
1373     IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
1374     _TESTS = [{
1375         'note': 'paginated channel',
1376         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
1377         'playlist_mincount': 91,
1378         'info_dict': {
1379             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
1380         }
1381     }]
1382
1383     @staticmethod
1384     def extract_videos_from_page(page):
1385         ids_in_page = []
1386         titles_in_page = []
1387         for mobj in re.finditer(r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?', page):
1388             video_id = mobj.group('id')
1389             video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
1390             try:
1391                 idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
1392                 if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
1393                     titles_in_page[idx] = video_title
1394             except ValueError:
1395                 ids_in_page.append(video_id)
1396                 titles_in_page.append(video_title)
1397         return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
1398
1399     def _real_extract(self, url):
1400         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
1401
1402         url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % channel_id
1403
1404         # Channel by page listing is restricted to 35 pages of 30 items, i.e. 1050 videos total (see #5778)
1405         # Workaround by extracting as a playlist if managed to obtain channel playlist URL
1406         # otherwise fallback on channel by page extraction
1407         channel_page = self._download_webpage(
1408             url + '?view=57', channel_id,
1409             'Downloading channel page', fatal=False)
1410         channel_playlist_id = self._html_search_meta(
1411             'channelId', channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
1412         if not channel_playlist_id:
1413             channel_playlist_id = self._search_regex(
1414                 r'data-channel-external-id="([^"]+)"',
1415                 channel_page, 'channel id', default=None)
1416         if channel_playlist_id and channel_playlist_id.startswith('UC'):
1417             playlist_id = 'UU' + channel_playlist_id[2:]
1418             return self.url_result(
1419                 compat_urlparse.urljoin(url, '/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id), 'YoutubePlaylist')
1420
1421         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id, 'Downloading page #1')
1422         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
1423                 class="[^"]*?(?:
1424                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
1425                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
1426                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
1427
1428         if autogenerated:
1429             # The videos are contained in a single page
1430             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
1431             entries = [
1432                 self.url_result(
1433                     video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
1434                     video_title=video_title)
1435                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)]
1436             return self.playlist_result(entries, channel_id)
1437
1438         def _entries():
1439             more_widget_html = content_html = channel_page
1440             for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
1441
1442                 for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content_html):
1443                     yield self.url_result(
1444                         video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id,
1445                         video_title=video_title)
1446
1447                 mobj = re.search(
1448                     r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"',
1449                     more_widget_html)
1450                 if not mobj:
1451                     break
1452
1453                 more = self._download_json(
1454                     'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), channel_id,
1455                     'Downloading page #%s' % (pagenum + 1),
1456                     transform_source=uppercase_escape)
1457                 content_html = more['content_html']
1458                 more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
1459
1460         return self.playlist_result(_entries(), channel_id)
1461
1462
1463 class YoutubeUserIE(YoutubeChannelIE):
1464     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
1465     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:(?:https?://)?(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch|results)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
1466     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s/videos'
1467     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
1468
1469     _TESTS = [{
1470         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation',
1471         'playlist_mincount': 320,
1472         'info_dict': {
1473             'title': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
1474         }
1475     }, {
1476         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
1477         'only_matching': True,
1478     }]
1479
1480     @classmethod
1481     def suitable(cls, url):
1482         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
1483         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
1484         other_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
1485         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_ies):
1486             return False
1487         else:
1488             return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
1489
1490
1491 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubePlaylistIE):
1492     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
1493     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
1494     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
1495     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
1496     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
1497     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
1498     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {}
1499     _TESTS = []
1500
1501     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
1502         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
1503
1504         videos = []
1505         limit = n
1506
1507         for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
1508             url_query = {
1509                 'search_query': query.encode('utf-8'),
1510                 'page': pagenum,
1511                 'spf': 'navigate',
1512             }
1513             url_query.update(self._EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS)
1514             result_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/results?' + compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(url_query)
1515             data = self._download_json(
1516                 result_url, video_id='query "%s"' % query,
1517                 note='Downloading page %s' % pagenum,
1518                 errnote='Unable to download API page')
1519             html_content = data[1]['body']['content']
1520
1521             if 'class="search-message' in html_content:
1522                 raise ExtractorError(
1523                     '[youtube] No video results', expected=True)
1524
1525             new_videos = self._ids_to_results(orderedSet(re.findall(
1526                 r'href="/watch\?v=(.{11})', html_content)))
1527             videos += new_videos
1528             if not new_videos or len(videos) > limit:
1529                 break
1530
1531         if len(videos) > n:
1532             videos = videos[:n]
1533         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
1534
1535
1536 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
1537     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
1538     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
1539     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
1540     _EXTRA_QUERY_ARGS = {'search_sort': 'video_date_uploaded'}
1541
1542
1543 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(InfoExtractor):
1544     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
1545     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
1546     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?search_query=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
1547     _TESTS = [{
1548         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
1549         'playlist_mincount': 5,
1550         'info_dict': {
1551             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
1552         }
1553     }]
1554
1555     def _real_extract(self, url):
1556         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1557         query = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
1558
1559         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
1560         result_code = self._search_regex(
1561             r'(?s)<ol[^>]+class="item-section"(.*?)</ol>', webpage, 'result HTML')
1562
1563         part_codes = re.findall(
1564             r'(?s)<h3 class="yt-lockup-title">(.*?)</h3>', result_code)
1565         entries = []
1566         for part_code in part_codes:
1567             part_title = self._html_search_regex(
1568                 [r'(?s)title="([^"]+)"', r'>([^<]+)</a>'], part_code, 'item title', fatal=False)
1569             part_url_snippet = self._html_search_regex(
1570                 r'(?s)href="([^"]+)"', part_code, 'item URL')
1571             part_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1572                 'https://www.youtube.com/', part_url_snippet)
1573             entries.append({
1574                 '_type': 'url',
1575                 'url': part_url,
1576                 'title': part_title,
1577             })
1578
1579         return {
1580             '_type': 'playlist',
1581             'entries': entries,
1582             'title': query,
1583         }
1584
1585
1586 class YoutubeShowIE(InfoExtractor):
1587     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
1588     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/show/(?P<id>[^?#]*)'
1589     IE_NAME = 'youtube:show'
1590     _TESTS = [{
1591         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/show/airdisasters',
1592         'playlist_mincount': 3,
1593         'info_dict': {
1594             'id': 'airdisasters',
1595             'title': 'Air Disasters',
1596         }
1597     }]
1598
1599     def _real_extract(self, url):
1600         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1601         playlist_id = mobj.group('id')
1602         webpage = self._download_webpage(
1603             url, playlist_id, 'Downloading show webpage')
1604         # There's one playlist for each season of the show
1605         m_seasons = list(re.finditer(r'href="(/playlist\?list=.*?)"', webpage))
1606         self.to_screen('%s: Found %s seasons' % (playlist_id, len(m_seasons)))
1607         entries = [
1608             self.url_result(
1609                 'https://www.youtube.com' + season.group(1), 'YoutubePlaylist')
1610             for season in m_seasons
1611         ]
1612         title = self._og_search_title(webpage, fatal=False)
1613
1614         return {
1615             '_type': 'playlist',
1616             'id': playlist_id,
1617             'title': title,
1618             'entries': entries,
1619         }
1620
1621
1622 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1623     """
1624     Base class for feed extractors
1625     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
1626     """
1627     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1628
1629     @property
1630     def IE_NAME(self):
1631         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
1632
1633     def _real_initialize(self):
1634         self._login()
1635
1636     def _real_extract(self, url):
1637         page = self._download_webpage(
1638             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME, self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
1639
1640         # The extraction process is the same as for playlists, but the regex
1641         # for the video ids doesn't contain an index
1642         ids = []
1643         more_widget_html = content_html = page
1644         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
1645             matches = re.findall(r'href="\s*/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', content_html)
1646
1647             # 'recommended' feed has infinite 'load more' and each new portion spins
1648             # the same videos in (sometimes) slightly different order, so we'll check
1649             # for unicity and break when portion has no new videos
1650             new_ids = filter(lambda video_id: video_id not in ids, orderedSet(matches))
1651             if not new_ids:
1652                 break
1653
1654             ids.extend(new_ids)
1655
1656             mobj = re.search(r'data-uix-load-more-href="/?(?P<more>[^"]+)"', more_widget_html)
1657             if not mobj:
1658                 break
1659
1660             more = self._download_json(
1661                 'https://youtube.com/%s' % mobj.group('more'), self._PLAYLIST_TITLE,
1662                 'Downloading page #%s' % page_num,
1663                 transform_source=uppercase_escape)
1664             content_html = more['content_html']
1665             more_widget_html = more['load_more_widget_html']
1666
1667         return self.playlist_result(
1668             self._ids_to_results(ids), playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
1669
1670
1671 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
1672     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
1673     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
1674     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/(?:feed/watch_later|playlist\?list=WL)|:ytwatchlater'
1675
1676     _TESTS = []  # override PlaylistIE tests
1677
1678     def _real_extract(self, url):
1679         return self._extract_playlist('WL')
1680
1681
1682 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1683     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
1684     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
1685     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
1686     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1687
1688     def _real_extract(self, url):
1689         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
1690         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, 'favourites playlist id')
1691         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
1692
1693
1694 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1695     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
1696     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
1697     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
1698     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Recommended videos'
1699
1700
1701 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1702     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
1703     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
1704     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
1705     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube Subscriptions'
1706
1707
1708 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1709     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
1710     _VALID_URL = 'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
1711     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
1712     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = 'Youtube History'
1713
1714
1715 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
1716     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
1717     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
1718     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
1719         (?:https?://)?
1720         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1721         (?:watch\?(?:
1722             feature=[a-z_]+|
1723             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
1724             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
1725             hl=[^&]*|
1726         )?
1727         |
1728             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
1729         )
1730         $
1731     '''
1732
1733     _TESTS = [{
1734         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
1735         'only_matching': True,
1736     }, {
1737         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?',
1738         'only_matching': True,
1739     }, {
1740         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
1741         'only_matching': True,
1742     }, {
1743         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
1744         'only_matching': True,
1745     }, {
1746         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
1747         'only_matching': True,
1748     }]
1749
1750     def _real_extract(self, url):
1751         raise ExtractorError(
1752             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
1753             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
1754             'like  youtube-dl '
1755             '"http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
1756             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
1757             expected=True)
1758
1759
1760 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
1761     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
1762     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
1763     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
1764
1765     _TESTS = [{
1766         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
1767         'only_matching': True,
1768     }]
1769
1770     def _real_extract(self, url):
1771         video_id = self._match_id(url)
1772         raise ExtractorError(
1773             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
1774             expected=True)