]> jfr.im git - yt-dlp.git/blobdiff - yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
[youtube:comments] Add more options for limiting number of comments extracted (#1626)
[yt-dlp.git] / yt_dlp / extractor / youtube.py
index d9d414d75238602d93b5b96f02ec4efd8882b4f6..2bc1b5e675bef54535a56f180c859687d7407ae5 100644 (file)
@@ -2,16 +2,17 @@
 
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
-import base64
 import calendar
 import copy
 import datetime
 import hashlib
 import itertools
 import json
+import math
 import os.path
 import random
 import re
+import sys
 import time
 import traceback
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@
 )
 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
 from ..utils import (
-    bytes_to_intlist,
+    bug_reports_message,
     clean_html,
     datetime_from_str,
     dict_get,
     float_or_none,
     format_field,
     int_or_none,
-    intlist_to_bytes,
+    is_html,
+    join_nonempty,
     mimetype2ext,
     network_exceptions,
+    NO_DEFAULT,
     orderedSet,
     parse_codecs,
     parse_count,
     parse_duration,
     parse_iso8601,
+    parse_qs,
     qualities,
+    remove_end,
     remove_start,
     smuggle_url,
     str_or_none,
     unsmuggle_url,
     update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
-    urlencode_postdata,
     urljoin,
     variadic,
 )
 
 
-def parse_qs(url):
-    return compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
+def get_first(obj, keys, **kwargs):
+    return traverse_obj(obj, (..., *variadic(keys)), **kwargs, get_all=False)
+
+
+# any clients starting with _ cannot be explicity requested by the user
+INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
+    'web': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'WEB',
+                'clientVersion': '2.20210622.10.00',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1
+    },
+    'web_embedded': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
+                'clientVersion': '1.20210620.0.1',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 56
+    },
+    'web_music': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyC9XL3ZjWddXya6X74dJoCTL-WEYFDNX30',
+        'INNERTUBE_HOST': 'music.youtube.com',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'WEB_REMIX',
+                'clientVersion': '1.20210621.00.00',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 67,
+    },
+    'web_creator': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'WEB_CREATOR',
+                'clientVersion': '1.20210621.00.00',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 62,
+    },
+    'android': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'ANDROID',
+                'clientVersion': '16.20',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    'android_embedded': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'ANDROID_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
+                'clientVersion': '16.20',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 55,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    'android_music': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyC9XL3ZjWddXya6X74dJoCTL-WEYFDNX30',
+        'INNERTUBE_HOST': 'music.youtube.com',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'ANDROID_MUSIC',
+                'clientVersion': '4.32',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 21,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    'android_creator': {
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'ANDROID_CREATOR',
+                'clientVersion': '21.24.100',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 14,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    # ios has HLS live streams
+    # See: https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipeExtractor/issues/680
+    'ios': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'IOS',
+                'clientVersion': '16.20',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 5,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    'ios_embedded': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'IOS_MESSAGES_EXTENSION',
+                'clientVersion': '16.20',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 66,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    'ios_music': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDK3iBpDP9nHVTk2qL73FLJICfOC3c51Og',
+        'INNERTUBE_HOST': 'music.youtube.com',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'IOS_MUSIC',
+                'clientVersion': '4.32',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 26,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    'ios_creator': {
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'IOS_CREATOR',
+                'clientVersion': '21.24.100',
+            },
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 15,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
+    },
+    # mweb has 'ultralow' formats
+    # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/557
+    'mweb': {
+        'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8',
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
+            'client': {
+                'clientName': 'MWEB',
+                'clientVersion': '2.20210721.07.00',
+            }
+        },
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 2
+    },
+}
+
+
+def build_innertube_clients():
+    third_party = {
+        'embedUrl': 'https://google.com',  # Can be any valid URL
+    }
+    base_clients = ('android', 'web', 'ios', 'mweb')
+    priority = qualities(base_clients[::-1])
+
+    for client, ytcfg in tuple(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS.items()):
+        ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_API_KEY', 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8')
+        ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_HOST', 'www.youtube.com')
+        ytcfg.setdefault('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER', True)
+        ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client'].setdefault('hl', 'en')
+        ytcfg['priority'] = 10 * priority(client.split('_', 1)[0])
+
+        if client in base_clients:
+            INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[f'{client}_agegate'] = agegate_ytcfg = copy.deepcopy(ytcfg)
+            agegate_ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientScreen'] = 'EMBED'
+            agegate_ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['thirdParty'] = third_party
+            agegate_ytcfg['priority'] -= 1
+        elif client.endswith('_embedded'):
+            ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['thirdParty'] = third_party
+            ytcfg['priority'] -= 2
+        else:
+            ytcfg['priority'] -= 3
+
+
+build_innertube_clients()
 
 
 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
-    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
-    _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
-
-    _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
-    _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
-    _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
 
     _RESERVED_NAMES = (
-        r'channel|c|user|browse|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|shorts|'
-        r'movies|results|shared|hashtag|trending|feed|feeds|oembed|get_video_info|'
+        r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|clip|'
+        r'shorts|movies|results|shared|hashtag|trending|feed|feeds|'
+        r'browse|oembed|get_video_info|iframe_api|s/player|'
         r'storefront|oops|index|account|reporthistory|t/terms|about|upload|signin|logout')
 
+    _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM|WL|LL|LM)'
+
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
+
     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
 
-    _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM|WL|LL|LM)'
+    _INVIDIOUS_SITES = (
+        # invidious-redirect websites
+        r'(?:www\.)?redirect\.invidious\.io',
+        r'(?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us',
+        # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/iv-org/documentation/blob/master/Invidious-Instances.md
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.pussthecat\.org',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zee\.li',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ethibox\.fr',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.3o7z6yfxhbw7n3za4rss6l434kmv55cgw2vuziwuigpwegswvwzqipyd\.onion',
+        # youtube-dl invidious instances list
+        r'(?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh',
+        r'(?:(?:www|fi)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zapashcanon\.fr',
+        r'(?:www\.)?(?:invidious(?:-us)?|piped)\.kavin\.rocks',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tinfoil-hat\.net',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.himiko\.cloud',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.reallyancient\.tech',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tube',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidiou\.site',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.site',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.048596\.xyz',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr',
+        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.skyn3t\.in',
+        r'(?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co',
+        r'(?:www\.)?tube\.connect\.cafe',
+        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx',
+        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.mint\.lgbt',
+        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.puffyan\.us',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yewtu\.be',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ggc-project\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.maisputain\.ovh',
+        r'(?:www\.)?ytprivate\.com',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.toot\.koeln',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.fdn\.fr',
+        r'(?:www\.)?watch\.nettohikari\.com',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.namazso\.eu',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.silkky\.cloud',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.exonip\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.riverside\.rocks',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.blamefran\.net',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.moomoo\.de',
+        r'(?:www\.)?ytb\.trom\.tf',
+        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.cyberhost\.uk',
+        r'(?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p',
+        r'(?:www\.)?4l2dgddgsrkf2ous66i6seeyi6etzfgrue332grh2n7madpwopotugyd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?w6ijuptxiku4xpnnaetxvnkc5vqcdu7mgns2u77qefoixi63vbvnpnqd\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?kbjggqkzv65ivcqj6bumvp337z6264huv5kpkwuv6gu5yjiskvan7fad\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?grwp24hodrefzvjjuccrkw3mjq4tzhaaq32amf33dzpmuxe7ilepcmad\.onion',
+        r'(?:www\.)?hpniueoejy4opn7bc4ftgazyqjoeqwlvh2uiku2xqku6zpoa4bf5ruid\.onion',
+    )
 
     def _login(self):
         """
         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
-        True is returned if successful or skipped.
-        False is returned if login failed.
-
         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
         """
 
-        def warn(message):
-            self.report_warning(message)
-
-        # username+password login is broken
         if (self._LOGIN_REQUIRED
                 and self.get_param('cookiefile') is None
                 and self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser') is None):
@@ -107,184 +341,7 @@ def warn(message):
                 'Login details are needed to download this content', method='cookies')
         username, password = self._get_login_info()
         if username:
-            warn('Logging in using username and password is broken. %s' % self._LOGIN_HINTS['cookies'])
-        return
-
-        # Everything below this is broken!
-        r'''
-        # No authentication to be performed
-        if username is None:
-            if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self.get_param('cookiefile') is None:
-                raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
-            # if self.get_param('cookiefile'):  # TODO remove 'and False' later - too many people using outdated cookies and open issues, remind them.
-            #     self.to_screen('[Cookies] Reminder - Make sure to always use up to date cookies!')
-            return True
-
-        login_page = self._download_webpage(
-            self._LOGIN_URL, None,
-            note='Downloading login page',
-            errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
-        if login_page is False:
-            return
-
-        login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
-
-        def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
-            data = login_form.copy()
-            data.update({
-                'pstMsg': 1,
-                'checkConnection': 'youtube',
-                'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
-                'hl': 'en',
-                'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
-                'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
-                'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
-                'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
-                # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
-                'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
-            })
-            return self._download_json(
-                url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
-                transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
-                fatal=False,
-                data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
-                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
-                    'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
-                })
-
-        lookup_req = [
-            username,
-            None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
-            [
-                None, None,
-                [2, 1, None, 1,
-                 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
-                 None, [], 4],
-                1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
-            ],
-            username,
-        ]
-
-        lookup_results = req(
-            self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
-            'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
-
-        if lookup_results is False:
-            return False
-
-        user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
-        if not user_hash:
-            warn('Unable to extract user hash')
-            return False
-
-        challenge_req = [
-            user_hash,
-            None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
-            [
-                None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
-                1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
-            ]]
-
-        challenge_results = req(
-            self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
-            'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
-
-        if challenge_results is False:
-            return
-
-        login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
-        if login_res:
-            login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
-            warn(
-                'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
-                if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
-            return False
-
-        res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
-        if not res:
-            warn('Unable to extract result entry')
-            return False
-
-        login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
-        if login_challenge:
-            challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
-            if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
-                # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
-                # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
-                status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
-                if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
-                    warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
-                    return False
-
-                tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
-                if not tl:
-                    warn('Unable to extract TL')
-                    return False
-
-                tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
-
-                if not tfa_code:
-                    warn(
-                        'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
-                        '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
-                    return False
-
-                tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
-
-                tfa_req = [
-                    user_hash, None, 2, None,
-                    [
-                        9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
-                        [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
-                    ]]
-
-                tfa_results = req(
-                    self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
-                    'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
-
-                if tfa_results is False:
-                    return False
-
-                tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
-                if tfa_res:
-                    tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
-                    warn(
-                        'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
-                        if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
-                    return False
-
-                check_cookie_url = try_get(
-                    tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
-            else:
-                CHALLENGES = {
-                    'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
-                    'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
-                    'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
-                }
-                challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
-                    challenge_str,
-                    '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
-                warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
-                return False
-        else:
-            check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
-
-        if not check_cookie_url:
-            warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
-            return False
-
-        check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
-            check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
-
-        if check_cookie_results is False:
-            return False
-
-        if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
-            warn('Unable to log in')
-            return False
-
-        return True
-        '''
+            self.report_warning(f'Cannot login to YouTube using username and password. {self._LOGIN_HINTS["cookies"]}')
 
     def _initialize_consent(self):
         cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
@@ -303,274 +360,37 @@ def _initialize_consent(self):
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
         self._initialize_consent()
-        if self._downloader is None:
-            return
-        if not self._login():
-            return
+        self._login()
 
     _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
     _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
     _YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE = r'(?:var\s+meta|</script|\n)'
 
-    _YT_DEFAULT_YTCFGS = {
-        'WEB': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'WEB',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '2.20210622.10.00',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'WEB',
-                    'clientVersion': '2.20210622.10.00',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1
-        },
-        'WEB_AGEGATE': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'WEB',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '2.20210622.10.00',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'WEB',
-                    'clientVersion': '2.20210622.10.00',
-                    'clientScreen': 'EMBED',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1
-        },
-        'WEB_REMIX': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'WEB_REMIX',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '1.20210621.00.00',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyC9XL3ZjWddXya6X74dJoCTL-WEYFDNX30',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'WEB_REMIX',
-                    'clientVersion': '1.20210621.00.00',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 67
-        },
-        'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '1.20210620.0.1',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-                    'clientVersion': '1.20210620.0.1',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 56
-        },
-        'ANDROID': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'ANDROID',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '16.20',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'ANDROID',
-                    'clientVersion': '16.20',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3
-        },
-        'ANDROID_AGEGATE': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'ANDROID',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '16.20',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'ANDROID',
-                    'clientVersion': '16.20',
-                    'clientScreen': 'EMBED',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3
-        },
-        'ANDROID_EMBEDDED_PLAYER': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'ANDROID_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '16.20',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'ANDROID_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-                    'clientVersion': '16.20',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 55
-        },
-        'ANDROID_MUSIC': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'ANDROID_MUSIC',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '4.32',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyC9XL3ZjWddXya6X74dJoCTL-WEYFDNX30',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'ANDROID_MUSIC',
-                    'clientVersion': '4.32',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 21
-        },
-        'IOS': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'IOS',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '16.20',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'IOS',
-                    'clientVersion': '16.20',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 5
-        },
-        'IOS_AGEGATE': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'IOS',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '16.20',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'IOS',
-                    'clientVersion': '16.20',
-                    'clientScreen': 'EMBED',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 5
-        },
-        'IOS_MUSIC': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'IOS_MUSIC',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '4.32',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDK3iBpDP9nHVTk2qL73FLJICfOC3c51Og',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'IOS_MUSIC',
-                    'clientVersion': '4.32',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 26
-        },
-        'IOS_MESSAGES_EXTENSION': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'IOS_MESSAGES_EXTENSION',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '16.20',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'IOS_MESSAGES_EXTENSION',
-                    'clientVersion': '16.20',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 66
-        },
-        'MWEB': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'MWEB',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '2.20210721.07.00',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'MWEB',
-                    'clientVersion': '2.20210721.07.00',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 2
-        },
-        'MWEB_AGEGATE': {
-            'INNERTUBE_API_VERSION': 'v1',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME': 'MWEB',
-            'INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION': '2.20210721.07.00',
-            'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8',
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-                'client': {
-                    'clientName': 'MWEB',
-                    'clientVersion': '2.20210721.07.00',
-                    'clientScreen': 'EMBED',
-                    'hl': 'en',
-                }
-            },
-            'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 2
-        },
-    }
-
-    _YT_DEFAULT_INNERTUBE_HOSTS = {
-        'DIRECT': 'youtubei.googleapis.com',
-        'WEB': 'www.youtube.com',
-        'WEB_REMIX': 'music.youtube.com',
-        'ANDROID_MUSIC': 'music.youtube.com'
-    }
-
-    # clients starting with _ cannot be explicity requested by the user
-    _YT_CLIENTS = {
-        'android': 'ANDROID',
-        'android_music': 'ANDROID_MUSIC',
-        'android_embedded': 'ANDROID_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-        'android_agegate': 'ANDROID_AGEGATE',
-        'ios': 'IOS',
-        'ios_music': 'IOS_MUSIC',
-        'ios_embedded': 'IOS_MESSAGES_EXTENSION',
-        'ios_agegate': 'IOS_AGEGATE',
-        'web': 'WEB',
-        'web_music': 'WEB_REMIX',
-        'web_embedded': 'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
-        'web_agegate': 'WEB_AGEGATE',
-        'mweb': 'MWEB',
-        'mweb_agegate': 'MWEB_AGEGATE',
-    }
-
-    def _get_default_ytcfg(self, client='WEB'):
-        if client in self._YT_DEFAULT_YTCFGS:
-            return copy.deepcopy(self._YT_DEFAULT_YTCFGS[client])
-        self.write_debug(f'INNERTUBE default client {client} does not exist - falling back to WEB client.')
-        return copy.deepcopy(self._YT_DEFAULT_YTCFGS['WEB'])
+    def _get_default_ytcfg(self, client='web'):
+        return copy.deepcopy(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client])
 
-    def _get_innertube_host(self, client='WEB'):
-        return dict_get(self._YT_DEFAULT_INNERTUBE_HOSTS, (client, 'WEB'))
+    def _get_innertube_host(self, client='web'):
+        return INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client]['INNERTUBE_HOST']
 
-    def _ytcfg_get_safe(self, ytcfg, getter, expected_type=None, default_client='WEB'):
+    def _ytcfg_get_safe(self, ytcfg, getter, expected_type=None, default_client='web'):
         # try_get but with fallback to default ytcfg client values when present
         _func = lambda y: try_get(y, getter, expected_type)
         return _func(ytcfg) or _func(self._get_default_ytcfg(default_client))
 
-    def _extract_client_name(self, ytcfg, default_client='WEB'):
-        return self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME'], compat_str, default_client)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _extract_session_index(*data):
-        for ytcfg in data:
-            session_index = int_or_none(try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['SESSION_INDEX']))
-            if session_index is not None:
-                return session_index
+    def _extract_client_name(self, ytcfg, default_client='web'):
+        return self._ytcfg_get_safe(
+            ytcfg, (lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME'],
+                    lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientName']), compat_str, default_client)
 
-    def _extract_client_version(self, ytcfg, default_client='WEB'):
-        return self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION'], compat_str, default_client)
+    def _extract_client_version(self, ytcfg, default_client='web'):
+        return self._ytcfg_get_safe(
+            ytcfg, (lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION'],
+                    lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientVersion']), compat_str, default_client)
 
-    def _extract_api_key(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='WEB'):
+    def _extract_api_key(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='web'):
         return self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_API_KEY'], compat_str, default_client)
 
-    def _extract_context(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='WEB'):
+    def _extract_context(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='web'):
         _get_context = lambda y: try_get(y, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT'], dict)
         context = _get_context(ytcfg)
         if context:
@@ -590,29 +410,36 @@ def _extract_context(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='WEB'):
             context['client']['visitorData'] = visitor_data
         return context
 
+    _SAPISID = None
+
     def _generate_sapisidhash_header(self, origin='https://www.youtube.com'):
-        # Sometimes SAPISID cookie isn't present but __Secure-3PAPISID is.
-        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/393
-        yt_cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com')
-        sapisid_cookie = dict_get(
-            yt_cookies, ('__Secure-3PAPISID', 'SAPISID'))
-        if sapisid_cookie is None or not sapisid_cookie.value:
-            return
         time_now = round(time.time())
-        # SAPISID cookie is required if not already present
-        if not yt_cookies.get('SAPISID'):
-            self.write_debug('Copying __Secure-3PAPISID cookie to SAPISID cookie', only_once=True)
-            self._set_cookie(
-                '.youtube.com', 'SAPISID', sapisid_cookie.value, secure=True, expire_time=time_now + 3600)
-        self.write_debug('Extracted SAPISID cookie', only_once=True)
+        if self._SAPISID is None:
+            yt_cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com')
+            # Sometimes SAPISID cookie isn't present but __Secure-3PAPISID is.
+            # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/393
+            sapisid_cookie = dict_get(
+                yt_cookies, ('__Secure-3PAPISID', 'SAPISID'))
+            if sapisid_cookie and sapisid_cookie.value:
+                self._SAPISID = sapisid_cookie.value
+                self.write_debug('Extracted SAPISID cookie')
+                # SAPISID cookie is required if not already present
+                if not yt_cookies.get('SAPISID'):
+                    self.write_debug('Copying __Secure-3PAPISID cookie to SAPISID cookie')
+                    self._set_cookie(
+                        '.youtube.com', 'SAPISID', self._SAPISID, secure=True, expire_time=time_now + 3600)
+            else:
+                self._SAPISID = False
+        if not self._SAPISID:
+            return None
         # SAPISIDHASH algorithm from https://stackoverflow.com/a/32065323
         sapisidhash = hashlib.sha1(
-            f'{time_now} {sapisid_cookie.value} {origin}'.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
+            f'{time_now} {self._SAPISID} {origin}'.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
         return f'SAPISIDHASH {time_now}_{sapisidhash}'
 
     def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True, headers=None,
                   note='Downloading API JSON', errnote='Unable to download API page',
-                  context=None, api_key=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='WEB'):
+                  context=None, api_key=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web'):
 
         data = {'context': context} if context else {'context': self._extract_context(default_client=default_client)}
         data.update(query)
@@ -626,24 +453,34 @@ def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True, headers=None,
             data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'), headers=real_headers,
             query={'key': api_key or self._extract_api_key()})
 
-    def extract_yt_initial_data(self, video_id, webpage):
-        return self._parse_json(
-            self._search_regex(
-                (r'%s\s*%s' % (self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
-                 self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE), webpage, 'yt initial data'),
-            video_id)
+    def extract_yt_initial_data(self, item_id, webpage, fatal=True):
+        data = self._search_regex(
+            (r'%s\s*%s' % (self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
+             self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE), webpage, 'yt initial data', fatal=fatal)
+        if data:
+            return self._parse_json(data, item_id, fatal=fatal)
 
-    def _extract_identity_token(self, webpage, item_id):
-        if not webpage:
-            return None
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_session_index(*data):
+        """
+        Index of current account in account list.
+        See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/519
+        """
+        for ytcfg in data:
+            session_index = int_or_none(try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['SESSION_INDEX']))
+            if session_index is not None:
+                return session_index
+
+    # Deprecated?
+    def _extract_identity_token(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
         if ytcfg:
             token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['ID_TOKEN'], compat_str)
             if token:
                 return token
-        return self._search_regex(
-            r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
-            'identity token', default=None)
+        if webpage:
+            return self._search_regex(
+                r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
+                'identity token', default=None, fatal=False)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_account_syncid(*args):
@@ -658,12 +495,26 @@ def _extract_account_syncid(*args):
                 return delegated_sid
             sync_ids = (try_get(
                 data, (lambda x: x['responseContext']['mainAppWebResponseContext']['datasyncId'],
-                       lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), compat_str) or '').split("||")
+                       lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), compat_str) or '').split('||')
             if len(sync_ids) >= 2 and sync_ids[1]:
                 # datasyncid is of the form "channel_syncid||user_syncid" for secondary channel
                 # and just "user_syncid||" for primary channel. We only want the channel_syncid
                 return sync_ids[0]
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_visitor_data(*args):
+        """
+        Extracts visitorData from an API response or ytcfg
+        Appears to be used to track session state
+        """
+        return get_first(
+            args, (('VISITOR_DATA', ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client', 'visitorData'), ('responseContext', 'visitorData'))),
+            expected_type=str)
+
+    @property
+    def is_authenticated(self):
+        return bool(self._generate_sapisidhash_header())
+
     def extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
         if not webpage:
             return {}
@@ -673,33 +524,29 @@ def extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
                 default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False) or {}
 
     def generate_api_headers(
-            self, ytcfg=None, identity_token=None, account_syncid=None,
-            visitor_data=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='WEB', session_index=None):
+            self, *, ytcfg=None, account_syncid=None, session_index=None,
+            visitor_data=None, identity_token=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web'):
+
         origin = 'https://' + (api_hostname if api_hostname else self._get_innertube_host(default_client))
         headers = {
             'X-YouTube-Client-Name': compat_str(
                 self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME'], default_client=default_client)),
             'X-YouTube-Client-Version': self._extract_client_version(ytcfg, default_client),
-            'Origin': origin
+            'Origin': origin,
+            'X-Youtube-Identity-Token': identity_token or self._extract_identity_token(ytcfg),
+            'X-Goog-PageId': account_syncid or self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg),
+            'X-Goog-Visitor-Id': visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(ytcfg)
         }
-        if not visitor_data and ytcfg:
-            visitor_data = try_get(
-                self._extract_context(ytcfg, default_client), lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str)
-        if identity_token:
-            headers['X-Youtube-Identity-Token'] = identity_token
-        if account_syncid:
-            headers['X-Goog-PageId'] = account_syncid
-        if session_index is None and ytcfg:
+        if session_index is None:
             session_index = self._extract_session_index(ytcfg)
         if account_syncid or session_index is not None:
             headers['X-Goog-AuthUser'] = session_index if session_index is not None else 0
-        if visitor_data:
-            headers['X-Goog-Visitor-Id'] = visitor_data
+
         auth = self._generate_sapisidhash_header(origin)
         if auth is not None:
             headers['Authorization'] = auth
             headers['X-Origin'] = origin
-        return headers
+        return {h: v for h, v in headers.items() if v is not None}
 
     @staticmethod
     def _build_api_continuation_query(continuation, ctp=None):
@@ -770,17 +617,17 @@ def _extract_alerts(cls, data):
                 if message:
                     yield alert_type, message
 
-    def _report_alerts(self, alerts, expected=True):
+    def _report_alerts(self, alerts, expected=True, fatal=True, only_once=False):
         errors = []
         warnings = []
         for alert_type, alert_message in alerts:
-            if alert_type.lower() == 'error':
+            if alert_type.lower() == 'error' and fatal:
                 errors.append([alert_type, alert_message])
             else:
                 warnings.append([alert_type, alert_message])
 
         for alert_type, alert_message in (warnings + errors[:-1]):
-            self.report_warning('YouTube said: %s - %s' % (alert_type, alert_message))
+            self.report_warning('YouTube said: %s - %s' % (alert_type, alert_message), only_once=only_once)
         if errors:
             raise ExtractorError('YouTube said: %s' % errors[-1][1], expected=expected)
 
@@ -819,7 +666,7 @@ def _get_text(data, *path_list, max_runs=None):
 
     def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers=None,
                           ytcfg=None, check_get_keys=None, ep='browse', fatal=True, api_hostname=None,
-                          default_client='WEB'):
+                          default_client='web'):
         response = None
         last_error = None
         count = -1
@@ -829,7 +676,7 @@ def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers
         while count < retries:
             count += 1
             if last_error:
-                self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
+                self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % remove_end(last_error, '.'))
             try:
                 response = self._call_api(
                     ep=ep, fatal=True, headers=headers,
@@ -840,12 +687,19 @@ def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers
                     note='%s%s' % (note, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
             except ExtractorError as e:
                 if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
+                    if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and not is_html(e.cause.read(512)):
+                        e.cause.seek(0)
+                        yt_error = try_get(
+                            self._parse_json(e.cause.read().decode(), item_id, fatal=False),
+                            lambda x: x['error']['message'], compat_str)
+                        if yt_error:
+                            self._report_alerts([('ERROR', yt_error)], fatal=False)
                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
                     # Sometimes a 404 is also recieved. See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28289
                     # We also want to catch all other network exceptions since errors in later pages can be troublesome
                     # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/507#issuecomment-880188210
                     if not isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) or e.cause.code not in (403, 429):
-                        last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e)
+                        last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e.msg)
                         if count < retries:
                             continue
                 if fatal:
@@ -855,10 +709,14 @@ def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers
                     return
 
             else:
-                # Youtube may send alerts if there was an issue with the continuation page
                 try:
-                    self._extract_and_report_alerts(response, expected=False)
+                    self._extract_and_report_alerts(response, only_once=True)
                 except ExtractorError as e:
+                    # YouTube servers may return errors we want to retry on in a 200 OK response
+                    # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/839
+                    if 'unknown error' in e.msg.lower():
+                        last_error = e.msg
+                        continue
                     if fatal:
                         raise
                     self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
@@ -897,7 +755,7 @@ def _extract_video(self, renderer):
             '_type': 'url',
             'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
             'id': video_id,
-            'url': video_id,
+            'url': f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
             'title': title,
             'description': description,
             'duration': duration,
@@ -907,70 +765,7 @@ def _extract_video(self, renderer):
 
 
 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
-    _INVIDIOUS_SITES = (
-        # invidious-redirect websites
-        r'(?:www\.)?redirect\.invidious\.io',
-        r'(?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us',
-        # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/iv-org/documentation/blob/master/Invidious-Instances.md
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.pussthecat\.org',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zee\.li',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ethibox\.fr',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.3o7z6yfxhbw7n3za4rss6l434kmv55cgw2vuziwuigpwegswvwzqipyd\.onion',
-        # youtube-dl invidious instances list
-        r'(?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh',
-        r'(?:(?:www|fi)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zapashcanon\.fr',
-        r'(?:www\.)?(?:invidious(?:-us)?|piped)\.kavin\.rocks',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tinfoil-hat\.net',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.himiko\.cloud',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.reallyancient\.tech',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tube',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidiou\.site',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.site',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.xyz',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.048596\.xyz',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr',
-        r'(?:www\.)?inv\.skyn3t\.in',
-        r'(?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co',
-        r'(?:www\.)?tube\.connect\.cafe',
-        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx',
-        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.mint\.lgbt',
-        r'(?:www\.)?vid\.puffyan\.us',
-        r'(?:www\.)?yewtu\.be',
-        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org',
-        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ggc-project\.de',
-        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.maisputain\.ovh',
-        r'(?:www\.)?ytprivate\.com',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.toot\.koeln',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.fdn\.fr',
-        r'(?:www\.)?watch\.nettohikari\.com',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.namazso\.eu',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.silkky\.cloud',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.exonip\.de',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.riverside\.rocks',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.blamefran\.net',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.moomoo\.de',
-        r'(?:www\.)?ytb\.trom\.tf',
-        r'(?:www\.)?yt\.cyberhost\.uk',
-        r'(?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p',
-        r'(?:www\.)?4l2dgddgsrkf2ous66i6seeyi6etzfgrue332grh2n7madpwopotugyd\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?w6ijuptxiku4xpnnaetxvnkc5vqcdu7mgns2u77qefoixi63vbvnpnqd\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?kbjggqkzv65ivcqj6bumvp337z6264huv5kpkwuv6gu5yjiskvan7fad\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?grwp24hodrefzvjjuccrkw3mjq4tzhaaq32amf33dzpmuxe7ilepcmad\.onion',
-        r'(?:www\.)?hpniueoejy4opn7bc4ftgazyqjoeqwlvh2uiku2xqku6zpoa4bf5ruid\.onion',
-    )
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube'
     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
                      (
                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
@@ -984,7 +779,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                             youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
-                             (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
+                             (?:(?:v|embed|e|shorts)/(?!videoseries))         # v/ or embed/ or e/ or shorts/
                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
@@ -1004,7 +799,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                      (?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                # here is it! the YouTube video ID
                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
                      (?:\#|$)""" % {
-        'invidious': '|'.join(_INVIDIOUS_SITES),
+        'invidious': '|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
     }
     _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
         r'/s/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player',
@@ -1111,18 +906,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 
         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
-        '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
-        '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
-        '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
-        '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+        '394': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.00M.08'},
+        '395': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.00M.08'},
+        '396': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.01M.08'},
+        '397': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.04M.08'},
+        '398': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+        '399': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.08M.08'},
+        '400': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
+        '401': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
     }
     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 
-    _AGE_GATE_REASONS = (
-        'Sign in to confirm your age',
-        'This video may be inappropriate for some users.',
-        'Sorry, this content is age-restricted.')
-
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 
     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
@@ -1136,16 +930,22 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
+                'channel': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
                 'upload_date': '20121002',
-                'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
+                'description': 'md5:8fb536f4877b8a7455c2ec23794dbc22',
                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
                 'duration': 10,
                 'view_count': int,
                 'like_count': int,
-                'dislike_count': int,
+                # 'dislike_count': int,
+                'availability': 'public',
+                'playable_in_embed': True,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/BaW_jenozKc/maxresdefault.jpg',
+                'live_status': 'not_live',
+                'age_limit': 0,
                 'start_time': 1,
                 'end_time': 9,
             }
@@ -1227,8 +1027,9 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
             },
         },
-        # Normal age-gate video (embed allowed)
+        # Age-gate videos. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/575#issuecomment-888837000
         {
+            'note': 'Embed allowed age-gate video',
             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
             'info_dict': {
                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
@@ -1243,6 +1044,52 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 'age_limit': 18,
             },
         },
+        {
+            'note': 'Age-gate video with embed allowed in public site',
+            'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HsUATh_Nc2U',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'HsUATh_Nc2U',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'Godzilla 2 (Official Video)',
+                'description': 'md5:bf77e03fcae5529475e500129b05668a',
+                'upload_date': '20200408',
+                'uploader_id': 'FlyingKitty900',
+                'uploader': 'FlyingKitty',
+                'age_limit': 18,
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'note': 'Age-gate video embedable only with clientScreen=EMBED',
+            'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=Tq92D6wQ1mg',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'Tq92D6wQ1mg',
+                'title': '[MMD] Adios - EVERGLOW [+Motion DL]',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'upload_date': '20191227',
+                'uploader_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
+                'uploader': 'Projekt Melody',
+                'description': 'md5:17eccca93a786d51bc67646756894066',
+                'age_limit': 18,
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'note': 'Non-Agegated non-embeddable video',
+            'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=MeJVWBSsPAY',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': 'MeJVWBSsPAY',
+                'ext': 'mp4',
+                'title': 'OOMPH! - Such Mich Find Mich (Lyrics)',
+                'uploader': 'Herr Lurik',
+                'uploader_id': 'st3in234',
+                'description': 'Fan Video. Music & Lyrics by OOMPH!.',
+                'upload_date': '20130730',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            'note': 'Non-bypassable age-gated video',
+            'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=Cr381pDsSsA',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
         {
@@ -1411,6 +1258,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'params': {
                 'skip_download': True,
             },
+            'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
         },
         {
             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
@@ -1827,14 +1675,30 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'params': {
                 'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_skip': ['configs']}},
             },
+        }, {
+            # shorts
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BGQWPY4IigY',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        }, {
+            'note': 'Storyboards',
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KLPxDtMqe8',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '5KLPxDtMqe8',
+                'ext': 'mhtml',
+                'format_id': 'sb0',
+                'title': 'Your Brain is Plastic',
+                'uploader_id': 'scishow',
+                'description': 'md5:89cd86034bdb5466cd87c6ba206cd2bc',
+                'upload_date': '20140324',
+                'uploader': 'SciShow',
+            }, 'params': {'format': 'mhtml', 'skip_download': True}
         }
     ]
 
     @classmethod
     def suitable(cls, url):
-        # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
-        # (see #28780)
-        from .youtube import parse_qs
+        from ..utils import parse_qs
+
         qs = parse_qs(url)
         if qs.get('list', [None])[0]:
             return False
@@ -1845,14 +1709,12 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._code_cache = {}
         self._player_cache = {}
 
-    def _extract_player_url(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
-        player_url = try_get(ytcfg, (lambda x: x['PLAYER_JS_URL']), str)
-        if not player_url and webpage:
-            player_url = self._search_regex(
-                r'"(?:PLAYER_JS_URL|jsUrl)"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"',
-                webpage, 'player URL', fatal=False)
+    def _extract_player_url(self, *ytcfgs, webpage=None):
+        player_url = traverse_obj(
+            ytcfgs, (..., 'PLAYER_JS_URL'), (..., 'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'jsUrl'),
+            get_all=False, expected_type=compat_str)
         if not player_url:
-            return None
+            return
         if player_url.startswith('//'):
             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
@@ -1860,6 +1722,16 @@ def _extract_player_url(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
         return player_url
 
+    def _download_player_url(self, video_id, fatal=False):
+        res = self._download_webpage(
+            'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api',
+            note='Downloading iframe API JS', video_id=video_id, fatal=fatal)
+        if res:
+            player_version = self._search_regex(
+                r'player\\?/([0-9a-fA-F]{8})\\?/', res, 'player version', fatal=fatal)
+            if player_version:
+                return f'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/{player_version}/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js'
+
     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
@@ -1874,14 +1746,16 @@ def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
         return id_m.group('id')
 
-    def _load_player(self, video_id, player_url, fatal=True) -> bool:
+    def _load_player(self, video_id, player_url, fatal=True):
         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
         if player_id not in self._code_cache:
-            self._code_cache[player_id] = self._download_webpage(
+            code = self._download_webpage(
                 player_url, video_id, fatal=fatal,
                 note='Downloading player ' + player_id,
                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
-        return player_id in self._code_cache
+            if code:
+                self._code_cache[player_id] = code
+        return self._code_cache.get(player_id)
 
     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
@@ -1895,8 +1769,8 @@ def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
         if cache_spec is not None:
             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
 
-        if self._load_player(video_id, player_url):
-            code = self._code_cache[player_id]
+        code = self._load_player(video_id, player_url)
+        if code:
             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
 
             test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
@@ -1907,6 +1781,9 @@ def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
             return res
 
     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
+        if not self.get_param('youtube_print_sig_code'):
+            return
+
         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
             def _genslice(start, end, step):
                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
@@ -1949,10 +1826,10 @@ def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
         funcname = self._search_regex(
             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
-             r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
-             r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
-             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
-             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
+             r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
+             r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
+             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
+             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
              # Obsolete patterns
              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
@@ -1983,13 +1860,58 @@ def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url):
                 )
                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
-            if self.get_param('youtube_print_sig_code'):
-                self._print_sig_code(func, s)
+            self._print_sig_code(func, s)
             return func(s)
         except Exception as e:
-            tb = traceback.format_exc()
-            raise ExtractorError(
-                'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
+            raise ExtractorError('Signature extraction failed: ' + traceback.format_exc(), cause=e)
+
+    def _decrypt_nsig(self, s, video_id, player_url):
+        """Turn the encrypted n field into a working signature"""
+        if player_url is None:
+            raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt nsig without player_url')
+        if player_url.startswith('//'):
+            player_url = 'https:' + player_url
+        elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
+            player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
+                'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
+
+        sig_id = ('nsig_value', s)
+        if sig_id in self._player_cache:
+            return self._player_cache[sig_id]
+
+        try:
+            player_id = ('nsig', player_url)
+            if player_id not in self._player_cache:
+                self._player_cache[player_id] = self._extract_n_function(video_id, player_url)
+            func = self._player_cache[player_id]
+            self._player_cache[sig_id] = func(s)
+            self.write_debug(f'Decrypted nsig {s} => {self._player_cache[sig_id]}')
+            return self._player_cache[sig_id]
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise ExtractorError(traceback.format_exc(), cause=e, video_id=video_id)
+
+    def _extract_n_function_name(self, jscode):
+        return self._search_regex(
+            (r'\.get\("n"\)\)&&\(b=(?P<nfunc>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{3})\([a-zA-Z0-9]\)',),
+            jscode, 'Initial JS player n function name', group='nfunc')
+
+    def _extract_n_function(self, video_id, player_url):
+        player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
+        func_code = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-nsig', player_id)
+
+        if func_code:
+            jsi = JSInterpreter(func_code)
+        else:
+            jscode = self._load_player(video_id, player_url)
+            funcname = self._extract_n_function_name(jscode)
+            jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
+            func_code = jsi.extract_function_code(funcname)
+            self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-nsig', player_id, func_code)
+
+        if self.get_param('youtube_print_sig_code'):
+            self.to_screen(f'Extracted nsig function from {player_id}:\n{func_code[1]}\n')
+
+        return lambda s: jsi.extract_function_from_code(*func_code)([s])
 
     def _extract_signature_timestamp(self, video_id, player_url, ytcfg=None, fatal=False):
         """
@@ -2008,18 +1930,17 @@ def _extract_signature_timestamp(self, video_id, player_url, ytcfg=None, fatal=F
                     raise ExtractorError(error_msg)
                 self.report_warning(error_msg)
                 return
-            if self._load_player(video_id, player_url, fatal=fatal):
-                player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
-                code = self._code_cache[player_id]
+            code = self._load_player(video_id, player_url, fatal=fatal)
+            if code:
                 sts = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                     r'(?:signatureTimestamp|sts)\s*:\s*(?P<sts>[0-9]{5})', code,
                     'JS player signature timestamp', group='sts', fatal=fatal))
         return sts
 
     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, player_responses):
-        playback_url = traverse_obj(
-            player_responses, (..., 'playbackTracking', 'videostatsPlaybackUrl', 'baseUrl'),
-            expected_type=url_or_none, get_all=False)
+        playback_url = get_first(
+            player_responses, ('playbackTracking', 'videostatsPlaybackUrl', 'baseUrl'),
+            expected_type=url_or_none)
         if not playback_url:
             self.report_warning('Unable to mark watched')
             return
@@ -2084,8 +2005,7 @@ def extract_id(cls, url):
         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
         if mobj is None:
             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
-        video_id = mobj.group(2)
-        return video_id
+        return mobj.group('id')
 
     def _extract_chapters_from_json(self, data, duration):
         chapter_list = traverse_obj(
@@ -2195,23 +2115,21 @@ def _extract_comment(self, comment_renderer, parent=None):
             'parent': parent or 'root'
         }
 
-    def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, identity_token, account_syncid,
-                         ytcfg, video_id, parent=None, comment_counts=None):
+    def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, ytcfg, video_id, parent=None, tracker=None):
+
+        get_single_config_arg = lambda c: self._configuration_arg(c, [''])[0]
 
         def extract_header(contents):
-            _total_comments = 0
             _continuation = None
             for content in contents:
-                comments_header_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['commentsHeaderRenderer'])
+                comments_header_renderer = traverse_obj(content, 'commentsHeaderRenderer')
                 expected_comment_count = parse_count(self._get_text(
                     comments_header_renderer, 'countText', 'commentsCount', max_runs=1))
 
                 if expected_comment_count:
-                    comment_counts[1] = expected_comment_count
-                    self.to_screen('Downloading ~%d comments' % expected_comment_count)
-                    _total_comments = comment_counts[1]
-                sort_mode_str = self._configuration_arg('comment_sort', [''])[0]
-                comment_sort_index = int(sort_mode_str != 'top')  # 1 = new, 0 = top
+                    tracker['est_total'] = expected_comment_count
+                    self.to_screen(f'Downloading ~{expected_comment_count} comments')
+                comment_sort_index = int(get_single_config_arg('comment_sort') != 'top')  # 1 = new, 0 = top
 
                 sort_menu_item = try_get(
                     comments_header_renderer,
@@ -2222,72 +2140,84 @@ def extract_header(contents):
                 if not _continuation:
                     continue
 
-                sort_text = sort_menu_item.get('title')
-                if isinstance(sort_text, compat_str):
-                    sort_text = sort_text.lower()
-                else:
+                sort_text = str_or_none(sort_menu_item.get('title'))
+                if not sort_text:
                     sort_text = 'top comments' if comment_sort_index == 0 else 'newest first'
-                self.to_screen('Sorting comments by %s' % sort_text)
+                self.to_screen('Sorting comments by %s' % sort_text.lower())
                 break
-            return _total_comments, _continuation
+            return _continuation
 
         def extract_thread(contents):
             if not parent:
-                comment_counts[2] = 0
+                tracker['current_page_thread'] = 0
             for content in contents:
+                if not parent and tracker['total_parent_comments'] >= max_parents:
+                    yield
                 comment_thread_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['commentThreadRenderer'])
-                comment_renderer = try_get(
-                    comment_thread_renderer, (lambda x: x['comment']['commentRenderer'], dict)) or try_get(
-                    content, (lambda x: x['commentRenderer'], dict))
+                comment_renderer = get_first(
+                    (comment_thread_renderer, content), [['commentRenderer', ('comment', 'commentRenderer')]],
+                    expected_type=dict, default={})
 
-                if not comment_renderer:
-                    continue
                 comment = self._extract_comment(comment_renderer, parent)
                 if not comment:
                     continue
-                comment_counts[0] += 1
+
+                tracker['running_total'] += 1
+                tracker['total_reply_comments' if parent else 'total_parent_comments'] += 1
                 yield comment
+
                 # Attempt to get the replies
                 comment_replies_renderer = try_get(
                     comment_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['replies']['commentRepliesRenderer'], dict)
 
                 if comment_replies_renderer:
-                    comment_counts[2] += 1
+                    tracker['current_page_thread'] += 1
                     comment_entries_iter = self._comment_entries(
-                        comment_replies_renderer, identity_token, account_syncid, ytcfg,
-                        video_id, parent=comment.get('id'), comment_counts=comment_counts)
-
-                    for reply_comment in comment_entries_iter:
+                        comment_replies_renderer, ytcfg, video_id,
+                        parent=comment.get('id'), tracker=tracker)
+                    for reply_comment in itertools.islice(comment_entries_iter, min(max_replies_per_thread, max(0, max_replies - tracker['total_reply_comments']))):
                         yield reply_comment
 
+        # Keeps track of counts across recursive calls
+        if not tracker:
+            tracker = dict(
+                running_total=0,
+                est_total=0,
+                current_page_thread=0,
+                total_parent_comments=0,
+                total_reply_comments=0)
+
+        # TODO: Deprecated
         # YouTube comments have a max depth of 2
-        max_depth = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comment_depth', [''])[0]) or float('inf')
+        max_depth = int_or_none(get_single_config_arg('max_comment_depth'))
+        if max_depth:
+            self._downloader.deprecation_warning(
+                '[youtube] max_comment_depth extractor argument is deprecated. Set max replies in the max-comments extractor argument instead.')
         if max_depth == 1 and parent:
             return
-        if not comment_counts:
-            # comment so far, est. total comments, current comment thread #
-            comment_counts = [0, 0, 0]
+
+        max_comments, max_parents, max_replies, max_replies_per_thread, *_ = map(
+            lambda p: int_or_none(p, default=sys.maxsize), self._configuration_arg('max_comments', ) + [''] * 4)
 
         continuation = self._extract_continuation(root_continuation_data)
-        if continuation and len(continuation['continuation']) < 27:
-            self.write_debug('Detected old API continuation token. Generating new API compatible token.')
-            continuation_token = self._generate_comment_continuation(video_id)
-            continuation = self._build_api_continuation_query(continuation_token, None)
+        message = self._get_text(root_continuation_data, ('contents', ..., 'messageRenderer', 'text'), max_runs=1)
+        if message and not parent:
+            self.report_warning(message, video_id=video_id)
 
-        visitor_data = None
+        response = None
         is_first_continuation = parent is None
 
         for page_num in itertools.count(0):
             if not continuation:
                 break
-            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg, identity_token, account_syncid, visitor_data)
-            comment_prog_str = '(%d/%d)' % (comment_counts[0], comment_counts[1])
+            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response))
+            comment_prog_str = f"({tracker['running_total']}/{tracker['est_total']})"
             if page_num == 0:
                 if is_first_continuation:
                     note_prefix = 'Downloading comment section API JSON'
                 else:
                     note_prefix = '    Downloading comment API JSON reply thread %d %s' % (
-                        comment_counts[2], comment_prog_str)
+                        tracker['current_page_thread'], comment_prog_str)
             else:
                 note_prefix = '%sDownloading comment%s API JSON page %d %s' % (
                     '       ' if parent else '', ' replies' if parent else '',
@@ -2296,127 +2226,54 @@ def extract_thread(contents):
             response = self._extract_response(
                 item_id=None, query=continuation,
                 ep='next', ytcfg=ytcfg, headers=headers, note=note_prefix,
-                check_get_keys=('onResponseReceivedEndpoints', 'continuationContents'))
-            if not response:
-                break
-            visitor_data = try_get(
-                response,
-                lambda x: x['responseContext']['webResponseContextExtensionData']['ytConfigData']['visitorData'],
-                compat_str) or visitor_data
+                check_get_keys='onResponseReceivedEndpoints')
 
-            continuation_contents = dict_get(response, ('onResponseReceivedEndpoints', 'continuationContents'))
+            continuation_contents = traverse_obj(
+                response, 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints', expected_type=list, default=[])
 
             continuation = None
-            if isinstance(continuation_contents, list):
-                for continuation_section in continuation_contents:
-                    if not isinstance(continuation_section, dict):
-                        continue
-                    continuation_items = try_get(
-                        continuation_section,
-                        (lambda x: x['reloadContinuationItemsCommand']['continuationItems'],
-                         lambda x: x['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems']),
-                        list) or []
-                    if is_first_continuation:
-                        total_comments, continuation = extract_header(continuation_items)
-                        if total_comments:
-                            yield total_comments
-                        is_first_continuation = False
-                        if continuation:
-                            break
-                        continue
-                    count = 0
-                    for count, entry in enumerate(extract_thread(continuation_items)):
-                        yield entry
-                    continuation = self._extract_continuation({'contents': continuation_items})
+            for continuation_section in continuation_contents:
+                continuation_items = traverse_obj(
+                    continuation_section,
+                    (('reloadContinuationItemsCommand', 'appendContinuationItemsAction'), 'continuationItems'),
+                    get_all=False, expected_type=list) or []
+                if is_first_continuation:
+                    continuation = extract_header(continuation_items)
+                    is_first_continuation = False
                     if continuation:
-                        # Sometimes YouTube provides a continuation without any comments
-                        # In most cases we end up just downloading these with very little comments to come.
-                        if count == 0:
-                            if not parent:
-                                self.report_warning('No comments received - assuming end of comments')
-                            continuation = None
                         break
+                    continue
 
-            # Deprecated response structure
-            elif isinstance(continuation_contents, dict):
-                known_continuation_renderers = ('itemSectionContinuation', 'commentRepliesContinuation')
-                for key, continuation_renderer in continuation_contents.items():
-                    if key not in known_continuation_renderers:
-                        continue
-                    if not isinstance(continuation_renderer, dict):
-                        continue
-                    if is_first_continuation:
-                        header_continuation_items = [continuation_renderer.get('header') or {}]
-                        total_comments, continuation = extract_header(header_continuation_items)
-                        if total_comments:
-                            yield total_comments
-                        is_first_continuation = False
-                        if continuation:
-                            break
-
-                    # Sometimes YouTube provides a continuation without any comments
-                    # In most cases we end up just downloading these with very little comments to come.
-                    count = 0
-                    for count, entry in enumerate(extract_thread(continuation_renderer.get('contents') or {})):
-                        yield entry
-                    continuation = self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
-                    if count == 0:
-                        if not parent:
-                            self.report_warning('No comments received - assuming end of comments')
-                        continuation = None
+                for entry in extract_thread(continuation_items):
+                    if not entry:
+                        return
+                    yield entry
+                continuation = self._extract_continuation({'contents': continuation_items})
+                if continuation:
                     break
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _generate_comment_continuation(video_id):
-        """
-        Generates initial comment section continuation token from given video id
-        """
-        b64_vid_id = base64.b64encode(bytes(video_id.encode('utf-8')))
-        parts = ('Eg0SCw==', b64_vid_id, 'GAYyJyIRIgs=', b64_vid_id, 'MAB4AjAAQhBjb21tZW50cy1zZWN0aW9u')
-        new_continuation_intlist = list(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
-            [bytes_to_intlist(base64.b64decode(part)) for part in parts]))
-        return base64.b64encode(intlist_to_bytes(new_continuation_intlist)).decode('utf-8')
-
-    def _extract_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage):
+    def _get_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage):
         """Entry for comment extraction"""
         def _real_comment_extract(contents):
-            if isinstance(contents, list):
-                for entry in contents:
-                    for key, renderer in entry.items():
-                        if key not in known_entry_comment_renderers:
-                            continue
-                        yield from self._comment_entries(
-                            renderer, video_id=video_id, ytcfg=ytcfg,
-                            identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=video_id),
-                            account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg))
-                        break
-        comments = []
-        known_entry_comment_renderers = ('itemSectionRenderer',)
-        estimated_total = 0
-        max_comments = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comments', [''])[0]) or float('inf')
+            renderer = next((
+                item for item in traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'itemSectionRenderer'), default={})
+                if item.get('sectionIdentifier') == 'comment-item-section'), None)
+            yield from self._comment_entries(renderer, ytcfg, video_id)
+
+        max_comments = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comments', [''])[0])
         # Force English regardless of account setting to prevent parsing issues
         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/532
         ytcfg = copy.deepcopy(ytcfg)
         traverse_obj(
             ytcfg, ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client'), expected_type=dict, default={})['hl'] = 'en'
-        try:
-            for comment in _real_comment_extract(contents):
-                if len(comments) >= max_comments:
-                    break
-                if isinstance(comment, int):
-                    estimated_total = comment
-                    continue
-                comments.append(comment)
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            self.to_screen('Interrupted by user')
-        self.to_screen('Downloaded %d/%d comments' % (len(comments), estimated_total))
-        return {
-            'comments': comments,
-            'comment_count': len(comments),
-        }
+        return itertools.islice(_real_comment_extract(contents), 0, max_comments)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _generate_player_context(sts=None):
+    def _get_checkok_params():
+        return {'contentCheckOk': True, 'racyCheckOk': True}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _generate_player_context(cls, sts=None):
         context = {
             'html5Preference': 'HTML5_PREF_WANTS',
         }
@@ -2426,44 +2283,63 @@ def _generate_player_context(sts=None):
             'playbackContext': {
                 'contentPlaybackContext': context
             },
-            'contentCheckOk': True,
-            'racyCheckOk': True
+            **cls._get_checkok_params()
         }
 
-    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, identity_token, player_url, initial_pr):
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_agegated(player_response):
+        if traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'desktopLegacyAgeGateReason')):
+            return True
+
+        reasons = traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', ('status', 'reason')), default=[])
+        AGE_GATE_REASONS = (
+            'confirm your age', 'age-restricted', 'inappropriate',  # reason
+            'age_verification_required', 'age_check_required',  # status
+        )
+        return any(expected in reason for expected in AGE_GATE_REASONS for reason in reasons)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_unplayable(player_response):
+        return traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'status')) == 'UNPLAYABLE'
+
+    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url, initial_pr):
 
         session_index = self._extract_session_index(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg)
         syncid = self._extract_account_syncid(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg, initial_pr)
-        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False)
+        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False) if player_url else None
         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            player_ytcfg, identity_token, syncid,
-            default_client=self._YT_CLIENTS[client], session_index=session_index)
+            ytcfg=player_ytcfg, account_syncid=syncid, session_index=session_index, default_client=client)
 
         yt_query = {'videoId': video_id}
         yt_query.update(self._generate_player_context(sts))
         return self._extract_response(
             item_id=video_id, ep='player', query=yt_query,
-            ytcfg=player_ytcfg, headers=headers, fatal=False,
-            default_client=self._YT_CLIENTS[client],
+            ytcfg=player_ytcfg, headers=headers, fatal=True,
+            default_client=client,
             note='Downloading %s player API JSON' % client.replace('_', ' ').strip()
         ) or None
 
     def _get_requested_clients(self, url, smuggled_data):
         requested_clients = []
-        allowed_clients = [client for client in self._YT_CLIENTS.keys() if client[:1] != '_']
+        default = ['android', 'web']
+        allowed_clients = sorted(
+            [client for client in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS.keys() if client[:1] != '_'],
+            key=lambda client: INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client]['priority'], reverse=True)
         for client in self._configuration_arg('player_client'):
             if client in allowed_clients:
                 requested_clients.append(client)
+            elif client == 'default':
+                requested_clients.extend(default)
             elif client == 'all':
                 requested_clients.extend(allowed_clients)
             else:
                 self.report_warning(f'Skipping unsupported client {client}')
         if not requested_clients:
-            requested_clients = ['android', 'web']
+            requested_clients = default
 
         if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url') or self.is_music_url(url):
             requested_clients.extend(
-                f'{client}_music' for client in requested_clients if not client.endswith('_music'))
+                f'{client}_music' for client in requested_clients if f'{client}_music' in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS)
 
         return orderedSet(requested_clients)
 
@@ -2477,7 +2353,7 @@ def _extract_player_ytcfg(self, client, video_id):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {client} config')
         return self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or {}
 
-    def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, player_url, identity_token):
+    def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg):
         initial_pr = None
         if webpage:
             initial_pr = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
@@ -2486,43 +2362,66 @@ def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, pl
 
         original_clients = clients
         clients = clients[::-1]
+        prs = []
+
+        def append_client(client_name):
+            if client_name in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS and client_name not in original_clients:
+                clients.append(client_name)
+
+        # Android player_response does not have microFormats which are needed for
+        # extraction of some data. So we return the initial_pr with formats
+        # stripped out even if not requested by the user
+        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/501
+        if initial_pr:
+            pr = dict(initial_pr)
+            pr['streamingData'] = None
+            prs.append(pr)
+
+        last_error = None
+        tried_iframe_fallback = False
+        player_url = None
         while clients:
             client = clients.pop()
             player_ytcfg = master_ytcfg if client == 'web' else {}
             if 'configs' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
                 player_ytcfg = self._extract_player_ytcfg(client, video_id) or player_ytcfg
-                if client == 'web_embedded':
-                    # If we extracted the embed webpage, it'll tell us if we can view the video
-                    embedded_pr = self._parse_json(
-                        traverse_obj(player_ytcfg, ('PLAYER_VARS', 'embedded_player_response'), expected_type=str) or '{}',
-                        video_id=video_id)
-                    embedded_ps_reason = traverse_obj(embedded_pr, ('playabilityStatus', 'reason'), expected_type=str) or ''
-                    if embedded_ps_reason in self._AGE_GATE_REASONS:
-                        self.report_warning(f'Youtube said: {embedded_ps_reason}')
-                        continue
 
-            pr = (
-                initial_pr if client == 'web' and initial_pr
-                else self._extract_player_response(
-                    client, video_id, player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, identity_token, player_url, initial_pr))
+            player_url = player_url or self._extract_player_url(master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, webpage=webpage)
+            require_js_player = self._get_default_ytcfg(client).get('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER')
+            if 'js' in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
+                require_js_player = False
+                player_url = None
+
+            if not player_url and not tried_iframe_fallback and require_js_player:
+                player_url = self._download_player_url(video_id)
+                tried_iframe_fallback = True
+
+            try:
+                pr = initial_pr if client == 'web' and initial_pr else self._extract_player_response(
+                    client, video_id, player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url if require_js_player else None, initial_pr)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if last_error:
+                    self.report_warning(last_error)
+                last_error = e
+                continue
+
             if pr:
-                yield pr
+                prs.append(pr)
 
-            if traverse_obj(pr, ('playabilityStatus', 'reason')) in self._AGE_GATE_REASONS:
-                client = f'{client}_agegate'
-                if client in self._YT_CLIENTS and client not in original_clients:
-                    clients.append(client)
+            # creator clients can bypass AGE_VERIFICATION_REQUIRED if logged in
+            if client.endswith('_agegate') and self._is_unplayable(pr) and self.is_authenticated:
+                append_client(client.replace('_agegate', '_creator'))
+            elif self._is_agegated(pr):
+                append_client(f'{client}_agegate')
 
-        # Android player_response does not have microFormats which are needed for
-        # extraction of some data. So we return the initial_pr with formats
-        # stripped out even if not requested by the user
-        # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/501
-        if initial_pr and 'web' not in original_clients:
-            initial_pr['streamingData'] = None
-            yield initial_pr
+        if last_error:
+            if not len(prs):
+                raise last_error
+            self.report_warning(last_error)
+        return prs, player_url
 
     def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
-        itags, stream_ids = [], []
+        itags, stream_ids = {}, []
         itag_qualities, res_qualities = {}, {}
         q = qualities([
             # Normally tiny is the smallest video-only formats. But
@@ -2575,8 +2474,20 @@ def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
                 sp = try_get(sc, lambda x: x['sp'][0]) or 'signature'
                 fmt_url += '&' + sp + '=' + signature
 
+            query = parse_qs(fmt_url)
+            throttled = False
+            if query.get('n'):
+                try:
+                    fmt_url = update_url_query(fmt_url, {
+                        'n': self._decrypt_nsig(query['n'][0], video_id, player_url)})
+                except ExtractorError as e:
+                    self.report_warning(
+                        f'nsig extraction failed: You may experience throttling for some formats\n'
+                        f'n = {query["n"][0]} ; player = {player_url}\n{e}', only_once=True)
+                    throttled = True
+
             if itag:
-                itags.append(itag)
+                itags[itag] = 'https'
                 stream_ids.append(stream_id)
 
             tbr = float_or_none(
@@ -2585,16 +2496,20 @@ def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
                 'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
                 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
                 'format_id': itag,
-                'format_note': ', '.join(filter(None, (
-                    audio_track.get('displayName'),
-                    fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', '')))),
-                'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
+                'format_note': join_nonempty(
+                    '%s%s' % (audio_track.get('displayName') or '',
+                              ' (default)' if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') else ''),
+                    fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', ''),
+                    throttled and 'THROTTLED', delim=', '),
+                'source_preference': -10 if throttled else -1,
+                'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')) or None,
                 'height': height,
                 'quality': q(quality),
                 'tbr': tbr,
                 'url': fmt_url,
                 'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
                 'language': audio_track.get('id', '').split('.')[0],
+                'language_preference': 1 if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') else -1,
             }
             mime_mobj = re.match(
                 r'((?:[^/]+)/(?:[^;]+))(?:;\s*codecs="([^"]+)")?', fmt.get('mimeType') or '')
@@ -2617,44 +2532,76 @@ def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
             yield dct
 
         skip_manifests = self._configuration_arg('skip')
-        get_dash = not is_live and 'dash' not in skip_manifests and self.get_param('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True)
+        get_dash = (
+            (not is_live or self._configuration_arg('include_live_dash'))
+            and 'dash' not in skip_manifests and self.get_param('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True))
         get_hls = 'hls' not in skip_manifests and self.get_param('youtube_include_hls_manifest', True)
 
-        def guess_quality(f):
-            for val, qdict in ((f.get('format_id'), itag_qualities), (f.get('height'), res_qualities)):
-                if val in qdict:
-                    return q(qdict[val])
-            return -1
+        def process_manifest_format(f, proto, itag):
+            if itag in itags:
+                if itags[itag] == proto or f'{itag}-{proto}' in itags:
+                    return False
+                itag = f'{itag}-{proto}'
+            if itag:
+                f['format_id'] = itag
+                itags[itag] = proto
+
+            f['quality'] = next((
+                q(qdict[val])
+                for val, qdict in ((f.get('format_id', '').split('-')[0], itag_qualities), (f.get('height'), res_qualities))
+                if val in qdict), -1)
+            return True
 
         for sd in streaming_data:
             hls_manifest_url = get_hls and sd.get('hlsManifestUrl')
             if hls_manifest_url:
                 for f in self._extract_m3u8_formats(hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False):
-                    itag = self._search_regex(
-                        r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)
-                    if itag in itags:
-                        continue
-                    if itag:
-                        f['format_id'] = itag
-                        itags.append(itag)
-                    f['quality'] = guess_quality(f)
-                    yield f
+                    if process_manifest_format(f, 'hls', self._search_regex(
+                            r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)):
+                        yield f
 
             dash_manifest_url = get_dash and sd.get('dashManifestUrl')
             if dash_manifest_url:
                 for f in self._extract_mpd_formats(dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False):
-                    itag = f['format_id']
-                    if itag in itags:
-                        continue
-                    if itag:
-                        itags.append(itag)
-                    f['quality'] = guess_quality(f)
-                    filesize = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
-                        r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url')
-                        or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
-                    if filesize:
-                        f['filesize'] = filesize
-                    yield f
+                    if process_manifest_format(f, 'dash', f['format_id']):
+                        f['filesize'] = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
+                            r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url') or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
+                        yield f
+
+    def _extract_storyboard(self, player_responses, duration):
+        spec = get_first(
+            player_responses, ('storyboards', 'playerStoryboardSpecRenderer', 'spec'), default='').split('|')[::-1]
+        if not spec:
+            return
+        base_url = spec.pop()
+        L = len(spec) - 1
+        for i, args in enumerate(spec):
+            args = args.split('#')
+            counts = list(map(int_or_none, args[:5]))
+            if len(args) != 8 or not all(counts):
+                self.report_warning(f'Malformed storyboard {i}: {"#".join(args)}{bug_reports_message()}')
+                continue
+            width, height, frame_count, cols, rows = counts
+            N, sigh = args[6:]
+
+            url = base_url.replace('$L', str(L - i)).replace('$N', N) + f'&sigh={sigh}'
+            fragment_count = frame_count / (cols * rows)
+            fragment_duration = duration / fragment_count
+            yield {
+                'format_id': f'sb{i}',
+                'format_note': 'storyboard',
+                'ext': 'mhtml',
+                'protocol': 'mhtml',
+                'acodec': 'none',
+                'vcodec': 'none',
+                'url': url,
+                'width': width,
+                'height': height,
+                'fragments': [{
+                    'path': url.replace('$M', str(j)),
+                    'duration': min(fragment_duration, duration - (j * fragment_duration)),
+                } for j in range(math.ceil(fragment_count))],
+            }
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
@@ -2662,18 +2609,16 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
         base_url = self.http_scheme() + '//www.youtube.com/'
         webpage_url = base_url + 'watch?v=' + video_id
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1', video_id, fatal=False)
+        webpage = None
+        if 'webpage' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1', video_id, fatal=False)
 
         master_ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or self._get_default_ytcfg()
-        player_url = self._extract_player_url(master_ytcfg, webpage)
-        identity_token = self._extract_identity_token(webpage, video_id)
 
-        player_responses = list(self._extract_player_responses(
+        player_responses, player_url = self._extract_player_responses(
             self._get_requested_clients(url, smuggled_data),
-            video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, player_url, identity_token))
-
-        get_first = lambda obj, keys, **kwargs: traverse_obj(obj, (..., *variadic(keys)), **kwargs, get_all=False)
+            video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg)
 
         playability_statuses = traverse_obj(
             player_responses, (..., 'playabilityStatus'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
@@ -2700,49 +2645,48 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             or search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title', 'title']))
         video_description = get_first(video_details, 'shortDescription')
 
-        if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
-            if not self.get_param('noplaylist'):
-                multifeed_metadata_list = get_first(
-                    player_responses,
-                    ('multicamera', 'playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer', 'metadataList'),
-                    expected_type=str)
-                if multifeed_metadata_list:
-                    entries = []
-                    feed_ids = []
-                    for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
-                        # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
-                        # fields may contain comma as well (see
-                        # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
-                        feed_data = compat_parse_qs(
-                            compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
-
-                        def feed_entry(name):
-                            return try_get(
-                                feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], compat_str)
-
-                        feed_id = feed_entry('id')
-                        if not feed_id:
-                            continue
-                        feed_title = feed_entry('title')
-                        title = video_title
-                        if feed_title:
-                            title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
-                        entries.append({
-                            '_type': 'url_transparent',
-                            'ie_key': 'Youtube',
-                            'url': smuggle_url(
-                                '%swatch?v=%s' % (base_url, feed_data['id'][0]),
-                                {'force_singlefeed': True}),
-                            'title': title,
-                        })
-                        feed_ids.append(feed_id)
-                    self.to_screen(
-                        'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
-                        % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
-                    return self.playlist_result(
-                        entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
-            else:
+        multifeed_metadata_list = get_first(
+            player_responses,
+            ('multicamera', 'playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer', 'metadataList'),
+            expected_type=str)
+        if multifeed_metadata_list and not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed'):
+            if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
+            else:
+                entries = []
+                feed_ids = []
+                for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
+                    # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
+                    # fields may contain comma as well (see
+                    # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
+                    feed_data = compat_parse_qs(
+                        compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
+
+                    def feed_entry(name):
+                        return try_get(
+                            feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], compat_str)
+
+                    feed_id = feed_entry('id')
+                    if not feed_id:
+                        continue
+                    feed_title = feed_entry('title')
+                    title = video_title
+                    if feed_title:
+                        title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
+                    entries.append({
+                        '_type': 'url_transparent',
+                        'ie_key': 'Youtube',
+                        'url': smuggle_url(
+                            '%swatch?v=%s' % (base_url, feed_data['id'][0]),
+                            {'force_singlefeed': True}),
+                        'title': title,
+                    })
+                    feed_ids.append(feed_id)
+                self.to_screen(
+                    'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
+                    % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
+                return self.playlist_result(
+                    entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
 
         live_broadcast_details = traverse_obj(microformats, (..., 'liveBroadcastDetails'))
         is_live = get_first(video_details, 'isLive')
@@ -2754,8 +2698,7 @@ def feed_entry(name):
 
         if not formats:
             if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., 'licenseInfos')):
-                self.raise_no_formats(
-                    'This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
+                self.report_drm(video_id)
             pemr = get_first(
                 playability_statuses,
                 ('errorScreen', 'playerErrorMessageRenderer'), expected_type=dict) or {}
@@ -2772,16 +2715,6 @@ def feed_entry(name):
             if reason:
                 self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)
 
-        for f in formats:
-            if '&c=WEB&' in f['url'] and '&ratebypass=yes&' not in f['url']:  # throttled
-                f['source_preference'] = -10
-                note = f.get('format_note')
-                f['format_note'] = f'{note} (throttled)' if note else '(throttled)'
-
-        # Source is given priority since formats that throttle are given lower source_preference
-        # When throttling issue is fully fixed, remove this
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'height', 'fps', 'source'))
-
         keywords = get_first(video_details, 'keywords', expected_type=list) or []
         if not keywords and webpage:
             keywords = [
@@ -2823,29 +2756,28 @@ def feed_entry(name):
             thumbnails.append({
                 'url': thumbnail_url,
             })
+        original_thumbnails = thumbnails.copy()
+
         # The best resolution thumbnails sometimes does not appear in the webpage
         # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/29049, https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/340
         # List of possible thumbnails - Ref: <https://stackoverflow.com/a/20542029>
-        hq_thumbnail_names = ['maxresdefault', 'hq720', 'sddefault', 'sd1', 'sd2', 'sd3']
-        # TODO: Test them also? - For some videos, even these don't exist
-        guaranteed_thumbnail_names = [
+        thumbnail_names = [
+            'maxresdefault', 'hq720', 'sddefault', 'sd1', 'sd2', 'sd3',
             'hqdefault', 'hq1', 'hq2', 'hq3', '0',
             'mqdefault', 'mq1', 'mq2', 'mq3',
             'default', '1', '2', '3'
         ]
-        thumbnail_names = hq_thumbnail_names + guaranteed_thumbnail_names
         n_thumbnail_names = len(thumbnail_names)
-
         thumbnails.extend({
             'url': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi{webp}/{video_id}/{name}{live}.{ext}'.format(
                 video_id=video_id, name=name, ext=ext,
                 webp='_webp' if ext == 'webp' else '', live='_live' if is_live else ''),
-            '_test_url': name in hq_thumbnail_names,
         } for name in thumbnail_names for ext in ('webp', 'jpg'))
         for thumb in thumbnails:
             i = next((i for i, t in enumerate(thumbnail_names) if f'/{video_id}/{t}' in thumb['url']), n_thumbnail_names)
             thumb['preference'] = (0 if '.webp' in thumb['url'] else -1) - (2 * i)
         self._remove_duplicate_formats(thumbnails)
+        self._downloader._sort_thumbnails(original_thumbnails)
 
         category = get_first(microformats, 'category') or search_meta('genre')
         channel_id = str_or_none(
@@ -2870,11 +2802,20 @@ def feed_entry(name):
         if not duration and live_endtime and live_starttime:
             duration = live_endtime - live_starttime
 
+        formats.extend(self._extract_storyboard(player_responses, duration))
+
+        # Source is given priority since formats that throttle are given lower source_preference
+        # When throttling issue is fully fixed, remove this
+        self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source', 'codec:vp9.2', 'lang', 'proto'))
+
         info = {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': self._live_title(video_title) if is_live else video_title,
             'formats': formats,
             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            # The best thumbnail that we are sure exists. Prevents unnecessary
+            # URL checking if user don't care about getting the best possible thumbnail
+            'thumbnail': traverse_obj(original_thumbnails, (-1, 'url')),
             'description': video_description,
             'upload_date': unified_strdate(
                 get_first(microformats, 'uploadDate')
@@ -2906,15 +2847,19 @@ def feed_entry(name):
         }
 
         pctr = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'captions', 'playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
-        # Converted into dicts to remove duplicates
-        captions = {
-            sub.get('baseUrl'): sub
-            for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...), default=[])}
-        translation_languages = {
-            lang.get('languageCode'): lang.get('languageName')
-            for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...), default=[])}
-        subtitles = {}
         if pctr:
+            def get_lang_code(track):
+                return (remove_start(track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
+                        or track.get('languageCode'))
+
+            # Converted into dicts to remove duplicates
+            captions = {
+                get_lang_code(sub): sub
+                for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...), default=[])}
+            translation_languages = {
+                lang.get('languageCode'): self._get_text(lang.get('languageName'), max_runs=1)
+                for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...), default=[])}
+
             def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                 lang_subs = container.setdefault(lang_code, [])
                 for fmt in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
@@ -2927,30 +2872,29 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                         'name': sub_name,
                     })
 
-            for base_url, caption_track in captions.items():
+            subtitles, automatic_captions = {}, {}
+            for lang_code, caption_track in captions.items():
+                base_url = caption_track.get('baseUrl')
                 if not base_url:
                     continue
+                lang_name = self._get_text(caption_track, 'name', max_runs=1)
                 if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
-                    lang_code = (
-                        remove_start(caption_track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
-                        or caption_track.get('languageCode'))
                     if not lang_code:
                         continue
                     process_language(
-                        subtitles, base_url, lang_code,
-                        traverse_obj(caption_track, ('name', 'simpleText')),
-                        {})
-                    continue
-                automatic_captions = {}
+                        subtitles, base_url, lang_code, lang_name, {})
+                    if not caption_track.get('isTranslatable'):
+                        continue
                 for trans_code, trans_name in translation_languages.items():
                     if not trans_code:
                         continue
+                    if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
+                        trans_code += f'-{lang_code}'
+                        trans_name += format_field(lang_name, template=' from %s')
                     process_language(
-                        automatic_captions, base_url, trans_code,
-                        self._get_text(trans_name, max_runs=1),
-                        {'tlang': trans_code})
-                info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
-        info['subtitles'] = subtitles
+                        automatic_captions, base_url, trans_code, trans_name, {'tlang': trans_code})
+            info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
+            info['subtitles'] = subtitles
 
         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
@@ -2985,19 +2929,18 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                 webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, video_id,
                 'yt initial data')
         if not initial_data:
-            headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-                master_ytcfg, identity_token, self._extract_account_syncid(master_ytcfg),
-                session_index=self._extract_session_index(master_ytcfg))
-
+            query = {'videoId': video_id}
+            query.update(self._get_checkok_params())
             initial_data = self._extract_response(
                 item_id=video_id, ep='next', fatal=False,
-                ytcfg=master_ytcfg, headers=headers, query={'videoId': video_id},
+                ytcfg=master_ytcfg, query=query,
+                headers=self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=master_ytcfg),
                 note='Downloading initial data API JSON')
 
         try:
             # This will error if there is no livechat
             initial_data['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['conversationBar']['liveChatRenderer']['continuations'][0]['reloadContinuationData']['continuation']
-            info['subtitles']['live_chat'] = [{
+            info.setdefault('subtitles', {})['live_chat'] = [{
                 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,  # url is needed to set cookies
                 'video_id': video_id,
                 'ext': 'json',
@@ -3130,490 +3073,14 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
             needs_auth=info['age_limit'] >= 18,
             is_unlisted=None if is_private is None else is_unlisted)
 
-        # get xsrf for annotations or comments
-        get_annotations = self.get_param('writeannotations', False)
-        get_comments = self.get_param('getcomments', False)
-        if get_annotations or get_comments:
-            xsrf_token = None
-            if master_ytcfg:
-                xsrf_token = try_get(master_ytcfg, lambda x: x['XSRF_TOKEN'], compat_str)
-            if not xsrf_token:
-                xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
-                    r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>(?:(?!\2).)+)\2',
-                    webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
-
-        # annotations
-        if get_annotations:
-            invideo_url = get_first(
-                player_responses,
-                ('annotations', 0, 'playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer', 'invideoUrl'),
-                expected_type=str)
-            if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
-                xsrf_field_name = None
-                if master_ytcfg:
-                    xsrf_field_name = try_get(master_ytcfg, lambda x: x['XSRF_FIELD_NAME'], compat_str)
-                if not xsrf_field_name:
-                    xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
-                        r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
-                        webpage, 'xsrf field name',
-                        group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
-                info['annotations'] = self._download_webpage(
-                    self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
-                    video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
-                    errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
-                    data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
-
-        if get_comments:
-            info['__post_extractor'] = lambda: self._extract_comments(master_ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage)
+        info['__post_extractor'] = self.extract_comments(master_ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage)
 
         self.mark_watched(video_id, player_responses)
 
         return info
 
 
-class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com tab'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-                    https?://
-                        (?:\w+\.)?
-                        (?:
-                            youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
-                            invidio\.us
-                        )/
-                        (?:
-                            (?P<channel_type>channel|c|user|browse)/|
-                            (?P<not_channel>
-                                feed/|hashtag/|
-                                (?:playlist|watch)\?.*?\blist=
-                            )|
-                            (?!(?:%s)\b)  # Direct URLs
-                        )
-                        (?P<id>[^/?\#&]+)
-                    ''' % YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._RESERVED_NAMES
-    IE_NAME = 'youtube:tab'
-
-    _TESTS = [{
-        'note': 'playlists, multipage',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ИгорьКлейнер/playlists?view=1&flow=grid',
-        'playlist_mincount': 94,
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
-            'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
-            'uploader': 'Игорь Клейнер',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-        },
-    }, {
-        'note': 'playlists, multipage, different order',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
-        'playlist_mincount': 94,
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
-            'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'uploader': 'Игорь Клейнер',
-        },
-    }, {
-        'note': 'playlists, series',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=3',
-        'playlist_mincount': 5,
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
-            'title': '3Blue1Brown - Playlists',
-            'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
-            'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
-        },
-    }, {
-        'note': 'playlists, singlepage',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
-        'playlist_mincount': 4,
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
-            'title': 'ThirstForScience - Playlists',
-            'description': 'md5:609399d937ea957b0f53cbffb747a14c',
-            'uploader': 'ThirstForScience',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
-        }
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChristophLaimer/playlists',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'basic, single video playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
-            'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
-            'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
-            'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 1,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'empty playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
-            'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
-            'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
-            'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 0,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Home tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/featured',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Home',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 2,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Videos tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Videos',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 975,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Videos tab, sorted by popular',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Videos',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 199,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Playlists tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/playlists',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Playlists',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 17,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Community tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/community',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Community',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 18,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Channels tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/channels',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Channels',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 12,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Search tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/search?query=linear%20algebra',
-        'playlist_mincount': 40,
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
-            'title': '3Blue1Brown - Search - linear algebra',
-            'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
-            'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
-        },
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'title': '29C3: Not my department',
-            'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
-            'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCEPzS1rYsrkqzSLNp76nrcg',
-            'description': 'md5:a14dc1a8ef8307a9807fe136a0660268',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 96,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Large playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
-            'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
-            'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 1123,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'even larger playlist, 8832 videos',
-        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/NASAgovVideo/videos',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
-            'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
-            'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 21,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Playlist with "show unavailable videos" button',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Uploads from Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
-            'id': 'UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
-            'uploader': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 200,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Playlist with unavailable videos in page 7',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Uploads from BlankTV',
-            'id': 'UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
-            'uploader': 'BlankTV',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 1000,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
-            'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC9-y-6csu5WGm29I7JiwpnA',
-            'uploader': 'Computerphile',
-            'description': 'md5:7f567c574d13d3f8c0954d9ffee4e487',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 11,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
-            'ext': 'webm',
-            'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
-            'uploader': 'STREEM',
-            'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
-            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
-            'upload_date': '20150526',
-            'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
-            'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
-            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
-            'tags': list,
-            'view_count': int,
-            'like_count': int,
-            'dislike_count': int,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'skip': 'This video is not available.',
-        'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ/live',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'FMtPN8yp5LU',  # This will keep changing
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': compat_str,
-            'uploader': 'Sky News',
-            'uploader_id': 'skynews',
-            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/skynews',
-            'upload_date': r're:\d{8}',
-            'description': compat_str,
-            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
-            'tags': list,
-            'like_count': int,
-            'dislike_count': int,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'expected_warnings': ['Downloading just video ', 'Ignoring subtitle tracks found in '],
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
-            'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
-            'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
-            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
-            'upload_date': '20150715',
-            'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
-            'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
-            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
-            'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
-            'like_count': int,
-            'dislike_count': int,
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'A channel that is not live. Should raise error',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/numberphile/live',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/library',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/history',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/subscriptions',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/watch_later',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Recommended - redirects to home page',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'inline playlist with not always working continuations',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UC6u0Tct-Fo&list=PL36D642111D65BE7C',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course?list=ECUl4u3cNGP61MdtwGTqZA0MreSaDybji8',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/zsecurity',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/NASAgovVideo/videos',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/hashtag/cctv9',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'cctv9',
-            'title': '#cctv9',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 350,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLW4dVinRY435CBE_JD3t-0SRXKfnZHS1P&feature=youtu.be&v=M9cJMXmQ_ZU',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Requires Premium: should request additional YTM-info webpage (and have format 141) for videos in playlist',
-        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
-        'only_matching': True
-    }, {
-        'note': '/browse/ should redirect to /channel/',
-        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC1a8OFewdjuLq6KlF8M_8Ng',
-        'only_matching': True
-    }, {
-        'note': 'VLPL, should redirect to playlist?list=PL...',
-        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/VLPLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
-            'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
-            'description': 'Providing you with copyright free / safe music for gaming, live streaming, studying and more!',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
-            'title': 'NCS Releases',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 166,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
-        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UU9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
-            'uploader_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
-            'title': 'Uploads from Royalty Free Music - Topic',
-            'uploader': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
-        },
-        'expected_warnings': [
-            'A channel/user page was given',
-            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
-        ],
-        'playlist_mincount': 101,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Topic without a UU playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
-            'title': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
-        },
-        'expected_warnings': [
-            'A channel/user page was given',
-            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
-            'Falling back to channel URL',
-        ],
-        'playlist_mincount': 9,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'Youtube music Album',
-        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/MPREb_gTAcphH99wE',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'OLAK5uy_l1m0thk3g31NmIIz_vMIbWtyv7eZixlH0',
-            'title': 'Album - Royalty Free Music Library V2 (50 Songs)',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 50,
-    }, {
-        'note': 'unlisted single video playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'uploader_id': 'UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
-            'uploader': 'colethedj',
-            'id': 'PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
-            'title': 'yt-dlp unlisted playlist test',
-            'availability': 'unlisted'
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 1,
-    }]
-
-    @classmethod
-    def suitable(cls, url):
-        return False if YoutubeIE.suitable(url) else super(
-            YoutubeTabIE, cls).suitable(url)
+class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
     def _extract_channel_id(self, webpage):
         channel_id = self._html_search_meta(
@@ -3796,49 +3263,53 @@ def _rich_grid_entries(self, contents):
                 if entry:
                     yield entry
     '''
-    def _entries(self, tab, item_id, identity_token, account_syncid, ytcfg):
-
-        def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continuation to work with feeds
-            contents = try_get(parent_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
-            for content in contents:
-                if not isinstance(content, dict):
-                    continue
-                is_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer'], dict)
-                if not is_renderer:
-                    renderer = content.get('richItemRenderer')
-                    if renderer:
-                        for entry in self._rich_entries(renderer):
-                            yield entry
-                        continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
+    def _extract_entries(self, parent_renderer, continuation_list):
+        # continuation_list is modified in-place with continuation_list = [continuation_token]
+        continuation_list[:] = [None]
+        contents = try_get(parent_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
+        for content in contents:
+            if not isinstance(content, dict):
+                continue
+            is_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer'], dict)
+            if not is_renderer:
+                renderer = content.get('richItemRenderer')
+                if renderer:
+                    for entry in self._rich_entries(renderer):
+                        yield entry
+                    continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
+                continue
+            isr_contents = try_get(is_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
+            for isr_content in isr_contents:
+                if not isinstance(isr_content, dict):
                     continue
-                isr_contents = try_get(is_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
-                for isr_content in isr_contents:
-                    if not isinstance(isr_content, dict):
-                        continue
 
-                    known_renderers = {
-                        'playlistVideoListRenderer': self._playlist_entries,
-                        'gridRenderer': self._grid_entries,
-                        'shelfRenderer': lambda x: self._shelf_entries(x, tab.get('title') != 'Channels'),
-                        'backstagePostThreadRenderer': self._post_thread_entries,
-                        'videoRenderer': lambda x: [self._video_entry(x)],
-                    }
-                    for key, renderer in isr_content.items():
-                        if key not in known_renderers:
-                            continue
-                        for entry in known_renderers[key](renderer):
-                            if entry:
-                                yield entry
-                        continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
-                        break
-
-                if not continuation_list[0]:
-                    continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(is_renderer)
+                known_renderers = {
+                    'playlistVideoListRenderer': self._playlist_entries,
+                    'gridRenderer': self._grid_entries,
+                    'shelfRenderer': lambda x: self._shelf_entries(x),
+                    'backstagePostThreadRenderer': self._post_thread_entries,
+                    'videoRenderer': lambda x: [self._video_entry(x)],
+                    'playlistRenderer': lambda x: self._grid_entries({'items': [{'playlistRenderer': x}]}),
+                    'channelRenderer': lambda x: self._grid_entries({'items': [{'channelRenderer': x}]}),
+                }
+                for key, renderer in isr_content.items():
+                    if key not in known_renderers:
+                        continue
+                    for entry in known_renderers[key](renderer):
+                        if entry:
+                            yield entry
+                    continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
+                    break
 
             if not continuation_list[0]:
-                continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
+                continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(is_renderer)
+
+        if not continuation_list[0]:
+            continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
 
-        continuation_list = [None]  # Python 2 doesnot support nonlocal
+    def _entries(self, tab, item_id, ytcfg, account_syncid, visitor_data):
+        continuation_list = [None]
+        extract_entries = lambda x: self._extract_entries(x, continuation_list)
         tab_content = try_get(tab, lambda x: x['content'], dict)
         if not tab_content:
             return
@@ -3848,12 +3319,12 @@ def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continua
         for entry in extract_entries(parent_renderer):
             yield entry
         continuation = continuation_list[0]
-        visitor_data = None
 
         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
             if not continuation:
                 break
-            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg, identity_token, account_syncid, visitor_data)
+            headers = self.generate_api_headers(
+                ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=account_syncid, visitor_data=visitor_data)
             response = self._extract_response(
                 item_id='%s page %s' % (item_id, page_num),
                 query=continuation, headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg,
@@ -3861,8 +3332,9 @@ def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continua
 
             if not response:
                 break
-            visitor_data = try_get(
-                response, lambda x: x['responseContext']['visitorData'], compat_str) or visitor_data
+            # Extracting updated visitor data is required to prevent an infinite extraction loop in some cases
+            # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28702
+            visitor_data = self._extract_visitor_data(response) or visitor_data
 
             known_continuation_renderers = {
                 'playlistVideoListContinuation': self._playlist_entries,
@@ -3936,9 +3408,10 @@ def _extract_uploader(cls, data):
                 try_get(owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['canonicalBaseUrl'], compat_str))
         return {k: v for k, v in uploader.items() if v is not None}
 
-    def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, webpage, data, tabs):
+    def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs):
         playlist_id = title = description = channel_url = channel_name = channel_id = None
-        thumbnails_list = tags = []
+        thumbnails_list = []
+        tags = []
 
         selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
         renderer = try_get(
@@ -4003,20 +3476,15 @@ def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, webpage, data, tabs):
             'channel': metadata['uploader'],
             'channel_id': metadata['uploader_id'],
             'channel_url': metadata['uploader_url']})
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
         return self.playlist_result(
             self._entries(
-                selected_tab, playlist_id,
-                self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id),
-                self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data), ytcfg),
+                selected_tab, playlist_id, ytcfg,
+                self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+                self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg)),
             **metadata)
 
-    def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
-        first_id = last_id = None
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(playlist_id, webpage)
-        headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
-            identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=playlist_id))
+    def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg):
+        first_id = last_id = response = None
         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
             videos = list(self._playlist_entries(playlist))
             if not videos:
@@ -4033,6 +3501,9 @@ def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
             last_id = videos[-1]['id']
             watch_endpoint = try_get(
                 playlist, lambda x: x['contents'][-1]['playlistPanelVideoRenderer']['navigationEndpoint']['watchEndpoint'])
+            headers = self.generate_api_headers(
+                ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+                visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response, data, ytcfg))
             query = {
                 'playlistId': playlist_id,
                 'videoId': watch_endpoint.get('videoId') or last_id,
@@ -4047,7 +3518,7 @@ def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
             playlist = try_get(
                 response, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
 
-    def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage):
+    def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, ytcfg):
         title = playlist.get('title') or try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['titleText']['simpleText'], compat_str)
         playlist_id = playlist.get('playlistId') or item_id
@@ -4062,7 +3533,7 @@ def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage):
                 video_title=title)
 
         return self.playlist_result(
-            self._extract_mix_playlist(playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage),
+            self._extract_mix_playlist(playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg),
             playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title)
 
     def _extract_availability(self, data):
@@ -4106,7 +3577,7 @@ def _extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, info_renderer, expected_type=dict):
             if renderer:
                 return renderer
 
-    def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
+    def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, ytcfg):
         """
         Get playlist with unavailable videos if the 'show unavailable videos' button exists.
         """
@@ -4130,12 +3601,9 @@ def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
             params = browse_endpoint.get('params')
             break
 
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
-            identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=item_id),
-            visitor_data=try_get(
-                self._extract_context(ytcfg), lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str))
+            ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+            visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg))
         query = {
             'params': params or 'wgYCCAA=',
             'browseId': browse_id or 'VL%s' % item_id
@@ -4145,34 +3613,606 @@ def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
             check_get_keys='contents', fatal=False, ytcfg=ytcfg,
             note='Downloading API JSON with unavailable videos')
 
-    def _extract_webpage(self, url, item_id):
+    def _extract_webpage(self, url, item_id, fatal=True):
         retries = self.get_param('extractor_retries', 3)
         count = -1
-        last_error = 'Incomplete yt initial data recieved'
+        webpage = data = last_error = None
         while count < retries:
             count += 1
             # Sometimes youtube returns a webpage with incomplete ytInitialData
             # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/116
-            if count:
+            if last_error:
                 self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                url, item_id,
-                'Downloading webpage%s' % (' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
-            data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage)
-            if data.get('contents') or data.get('currentVideoEndpoint'):
+            try:
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                    url, item_id,
+                    note='Downloading webpage%s' % (' (retry #%d)' % count if count else '',))
+                data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage or '', fatal=fatal) or {}
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
+                    if not isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) or e.cause.code not in (403, 429):
+                        last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e.msg)
+                        if count < retries:
+                            continue
+                if fatal:
+                    raise
+                self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
+                break
+            else:
+                try:
+                    self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
+                except ExtractorError as e:
+                    if fatal:
+                        raise
+                    self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
+                    break
+
+                if dict_get(data, ('contents', 'currentVideoEndpoint')):
+                    break
+
+                last_error = 'Incomplete yt initial data received'
+                if count >= retries:
+                    if fatal:
+                        raise ExtractorError(last_error)
+                    self.report_warning(last_error)
+                    break
+
+        return webpage, data
+
+    def _extract_data(self, url, item_id, ytcfg=None, fatal=True, webpage_fatal=False, default_client='web'):
+        data = None
+        if 'webpage' not in self._configuration_arg('skip'):
+            webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id, fatal=webpage_fatal)
+            ytcfg = ytcfg or self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
+        if not data:
+            if not ytcfg and self.is_authenticated:
+                msg = 'Playlists that require authentication may not extract correctly without a successful webpage download.'
+                if 'authcheck' not in self._configuration_arg('skip') and fatal:
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        msg + ' If you are not downloading private content, or your cookies are only for the first account and channel,'
+                              ' pass "--extractor-args youtubetab:skip=authcheck" to skip this check',
+                        expected=True)
+                self.report_warning(msg, only_once=True)
+            data = self._extract_tab_endpoint(url, item_id, ytcfg, fatal=fatal, default_client=default_client)
+        return data, ytcfg
+
+    def _extract_tab_endpoint(self, url, item_id, ytcfg=None, fatal=True, default_client='web'):
+        headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, default_client=default_client)
+        resolve_response = self._extract_response(
+            item_id=item_id, query={'url': url}, check_get_keys='endpoint', headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=fatal,
+            ep='navigation/resolve_url', note='Downloading API parameters API JSON', default_client=default_client)
+        endpoints = {'browseEndpoint': 'browse', 'watchEndpoint': 'next'}
+        for ep_key, ep in endpoints.items():
+            params = try_get(resolve_response, lambda x: x['endpoint'][ep_key], dict)
+            if params:
+                return self._extract_response(
+                    item_id=item_id, query=params, ep=ep, headers=headers,
+                    ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=fatal, default_client=default_client,
+                    check_get_keys=('contents', 'currentVideoEndpoint'))
+        err_note = 'Failed to resolve url (does the playlist exist?)'
+        if fatal:
+            raise ExtractorError(err_note, expected=True)
+        self.report_warning(err_note, item_id)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _smuggle_data(entries, data):
+        for entry in entries:
+            if data:
+                entry['url'] = smuggle_url(entry['url'], data)
+            yield entry
+
+    _SEARCH_PARAMS = None
+
+    def _search_results(self, query, params=NO_DEFAULT):
+        data = {'query': query}
+        if params is NO_DEFAULT:
+            params = self._SEARCH_PARAMS
+        if params:
+            data['params'] = params
+        continuation_list = [None]
+        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
+            data.update(continuation_list[0] or {})
+            search = self._extract_response(
+                item_id='query "%s" page %s' % (query, page_num), ep='search', query=data,
+                check_get_keys=('contents', 'onResponseReceivedCommands'))
+            slr_contents = try_get(
+                search,
+                (lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer']['primaryContents']['sectionListRenderer']['contents'],
+                 lambda x: x['onResponseReceivedCommands'][0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems']),
+                list)
+            yield from self._extract_entries({'contents': slr_contents}, continuation_list)
+            if not continuation_list[0]:
                 break
-            # Extract alerts here only when there is error
-            self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
-            if count >= retries:
-                raise ExtractorError(last_error)
-        return webpage, data
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _smuggle_data(entries, data):
-        for entry in entries:
-            if data:
-                entry['url'] = smuggle_url(entry['url'], data)
-            yield entry
+
+class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube Tabs'
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x:
+        https?://
+            (?:\w+\.)?
+            (?:
+                youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
+                %(invidious)s
+            )/
+            (?:
+                (?P<channel_type>channel|c|user|browse)/|
+                (?P<not_channel>
+                    feed/|hashtag/|
+                    (?:playlist|watch)\?.*?\blist=
+                )|
+                (?!(?:%(reserved_names)s)\b)  # Direct URLs
+            )
+            (?P<id>[^/?\#&]+)
+    )''' % {
+        'reserved_names': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._RESERVED_NAMES,
+        'invidious': '|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
+    }
+    IE_NAME = 'youtube:tab'
+
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'note': 'playlists, multipage',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ИгорьКлейнер/playlists?view=1&flow=grid',
+        'playlist_mincount': 94,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
+            'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
+            'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
+            'uploader': 'Игорь Клейнер',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'playlists, multipage, different order',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
+        'playlist_mincount': 94,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
+            'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
+            'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
+            'uploader': 'Игорь Клейнер',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'playlists, series',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=3',
+        'playlist_mincount': 5,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'title': '3Blue1Brown - Playlists',
+            'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'playlists, singlepage',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
+        'playlist_mincount': 4,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
+            'title': 'ThirstForScience - Playlists',
+            'description': 'md5:609399d937ea957b0f53cbffb747a14c',
+            'uploader': 'ThirstForScience',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
+        }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChristophLaimer/playlists',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'basic, single video playlist',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+            'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
+            'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
+            'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 1,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'empty playlist',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+            'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
+            'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
+            'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 0,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Home tab',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/featured',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+            'title': 'lex will - Home',
+            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
+            'uploader': 'lex will',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 2,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Videos tab',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+            'title': 'lex will - Videos',
+            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
+            'uploader': 'lex will',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 975,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Videos tab, sorted by popular',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+            'title': 'lex will - Videos',
+            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
+            'uploader': 'lex will',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 199,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Playlists tab',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/playlists',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+            'title': 'lex will - Playlists',
+            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
+            'uploader': 'lex will',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 17,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Community tab',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/community',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+            'title': 'lex will - Community',
+            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
+            'uploader': 'lex will',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 18,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Channels tab',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/channels',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+            'title': 'lex will - Channels',
+            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
+            'uploader': 'lex will',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 12,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Search tab',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/search?query=linear%20algebra',
+        'playlist_mincount': 40,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+            'title': '3Blue1Brown - Search - linear algebra',
+            'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
+            'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': '29C3: Not my department',
+            'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
+            'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCEPzS1rYsrkqzSLNp76nrcg',
+            'description': 'md5:a14dc1a8ef8307a9807fe136a0660268',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 96,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Large playlist',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
+            'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
+            'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 1123,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'even larger playlist, 8832 videos',
+        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/NASAgovVideo/videos',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
+            'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
+            'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 21,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Playlist with "show unavailable videos" button',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Uploads from Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
+            'id': 'UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
+            'uploader': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 200,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Playlist with unavailable videos in page 7',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Uploads from BlankTV',
+            'id': 'UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
+            'uploader': 'BlankTV',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 1000,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
+            'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC9-y-6csu5WGm29I7JiwpnA',
+            'uploader': 'Computerphile',
+            'description': 'md5:7f567c574d13d3f8c0954d9ffee4e487',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 11,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
+            'ext': 'webm',
+            'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
+            'uploader': 'STREEM',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
+            'upload_date': '20150526',
+            'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
+            'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
+            'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
+            'tags': list,
+            'view_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'skip': 'This video is not available.',
+        'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ/live',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '3yImotZU3tw',  # This will keep changing
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': compat_str,
+            'uploader': 'Sky News',
+            'uploader_id': 'skynews',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/skynews',
+            'upload_date': r're:\d{8}',
+            'description': compat_str,
+            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
+            'tags': list,
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Downloading just video ', 'Ignoring subtitle tracks found in '],
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
+            'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
+            'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
+            'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
+            'upload_date': '20150715',
+            'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
+            'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
+            'categories': ['News & Politics'],
+            'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
+            'like_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+        },
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+        },
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'A channel that is not live. Should raise error',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/numberphile/live',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/library',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/history',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/subscriptions',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/watch_later',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Recommended - redirects to home page.',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'inline playlist with not always working continuations',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UC6u0Tct-Fo&list=PL36D642111D65BE7C',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/zsecurity',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/NASAgovVideo/videos',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/hashtag/cctv9',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'cctv9',
+            'title': '#cctv9',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 350,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLW4dVinRY435CBE_JD3t-0SRXKfnZHS1P&feature=youtu.be&v=M9cJMXmQ_ZU',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Requires Premium: should request additional YTM-info webpage (and have format 141) for videos in playlist',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'note': '/browse/ should redirect to /channel/',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC1a8OFewdjuLq6KlF8M_8Ng',
+        'only_matching': True
+    }, {
+        'note': 'VLPL, should redirect to playlist?list=PL...',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/VLPLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
+            'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
+            'description': 'Providing you with copyright free / safe music for gaming, live streaming, studying and more!',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
+            'title': 'NCS Releases',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 166,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UU9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+            'title': 'Uploads from Royalty Free Music - Topic',
+            'uploader': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'A channel/user page was given',
+            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
+        ],
+        'playlist_mincount': 101,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Topic without a UU playlist',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
+            'title': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'A channel/user page was given',
+            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
+            'Falling back to channel URL',
+        ],
+        'playlist_mincount': 9,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'Youtube music Album',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/MPREb_gTAcphH99wE',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'OLAK5uy_l1m0thk3g31NmIIz_vMIbWtyv7eZixlH0',
+            'title': 'Album - Royalty Free Music Library V2 (50 Songs)',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 50,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'unlisted single video playlist',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'uploader_id': 'UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
+            'uploader': 'colethedj',
+            'id': 'PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
+            'title': 'yt-dlp unlisted playlist test',
+            'availability': 'unlisted'
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 1,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'API Fallback: Recommended - redirects to home page. Requires visitorData',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'recommended',
+            'title': 'recommended',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 50,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'API Fallback: /videos tab, sorted by oldest first',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/theCodyReeder/videos?view=0&sort=da&flow=grid',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
+            'title': 'Cody\'sLab - Videos',
+            'description': 'md5:d083b7c2f0c67ee7a6c74c3e9b4243fa',
+            'uploader': 'Cody\'sLab',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 650,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'API Fallback: Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UU9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+            'title': 'Uploads from Royalty Free Music - Topic',
+            'uploader': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'A channel/user page was given',
+            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
+        ],
+        'playlist_mincount': 101,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
+        },
+    }]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def suitable(cls, url):
+        return False if YoutubeIE.suitable(url) else super(
+            YoutubeTabIE, cls).suitable(url)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
@@ -4199,7 +4239,6 @@ def get_mobj(url):
         mobj = get_mobj(url)
         # Youtube returns incomplete data if tabname is not lower case
         pre, tab, post, is_channel = mobj['pre'], mobj['tab'].lower(), mobj['post'], not mobj['not_channel']
-
         if is_channel:
             if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
                 if item_id[:2] == 'VL':
@@ -4207,12 +4246,14 @@ def get_mobj(url):
                     item_id = item_id[2:]
                     pre, tab, post, is_channel = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % item_id, '', '', False
                 elif item_id[:2] == 'MP':
-                    # Youtube music albums (/channel/MP...) have a OLAK playlist that can be extracted from the webpage
-                    item_id = self._search_regex(
-                        r'\\x22audioPlaylistId\\x22:\\x22([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)\\x22',
-                        self._download_webpage('https://music.youtube.com/channel/%s' % item_id, item_id),
-                        'playlist id')
-                    pre, tab, post, is_channel = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % item_id, '', '', False
+                    # Resolve albums (/[channel/browse]/MP...) to their equivalent playlist
+                    mdata = self._extract_tab_endpoint(
+                        'https://music.youtube.com/channel/%s' % item_id, item_id, default_client='web_music')
+                    murl = traverse_obj(
+                        mdata, ('microformat', 'microformatDataRenderer', 'urlCanonical'), get_all=False, expected_type=compat_str)
+                    if not murl:
+                        raise ExtractorError('Failed to resolve album to playlist.')
+                    return self.url_result(murl, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
                 elif mobj['channel_type'] == 'browse':
                     # Youtube music /browse/ should be changed to /channel/
                     pre = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % item_id
@@ -4243,10 +4284,10 @@ def get_mobj(url):
         if video_id and playlist_id:
             if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
-                return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
+                return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}', ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
             self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s; add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
 
-        webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id)
+        data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(url, item_id)
 
         tabs = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer']['tabs'], list)
@@ -4264,11 +4305,7 @@ def get_mobj(url):
                         pl_id = 'UU%s' % item_id[2:]
                         pl_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s%s' % (pl_id, mobj['post'])
                         try:
-                            pl_webpage, pl_data = self._extract_webpage(pl_url, pl_id)
-                            for alert_type, alert_message in self._extract_alerts(pl_data):
-                                if alert_type == 'error':
-                                    raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message)
-                            item_id, url, webpage, data = pl_id, pl_url, pl_webpage, pl_data
+                            data, ytcfg, item_id, url = *self._extract_data(pl_url, pl_id, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=True), pl_id, pl_url
                         except ExtractorError:
                             self.report_warning('The playlist gave error. Falling back to channel URL')
                     else:
@@ -4278,17 +4315,17 @@ def get_mobj(url):
 
         # YouTube sometimes provides a button to reload playlist with unavailable videos.
         if 'no-youtube-unavailable-videos' not in compat_opts:
-            data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, webpage) or data
-        self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
+            data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, ytcfg) or data
+        self._extract_and_report_alerts(data, only_once=True)
         tabs = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer']['tabs'], list)
         if tabs:
-            return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, webpage, data, tabs)
+            return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs)
 
         playlist = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
         if playlist:
-            return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage)
+            return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist, ytcfg)
 
         video_id = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['currentVideoEndpoint']['watchEndpoint']['videoId'],
@@ -4296,25 +4333,28 @@ def get_mobj(url):
         if video_id:
             if mobj['tab'] != '/live':  # live tab is expected to redirect to video
                 self.report_warning('Unable to recognize playlist. Downloading just video %s' % video_id)
-            return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
+            return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}', ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
 
         raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
 
 
 class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube playlists'
     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(?:
                         (?:https?://)?
                         (?:\w+\.)?
                         (?:
                             (?:
                                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
-                                invidio\.us
+                                %(invidious)s
                             )
                             /.*?\?.*?\blist=
                         )?
                         (?P<id>%(playlist_id)s)
-                     )''' % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
+                     )''' % {
+        'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE,
+        'invidious': '|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
+    }
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
     _TESTS = [{
         'note': 'issue #673',
@@ -4368,9 +4408,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
     def suitable(cls, url):
         if YoutubeTabIE.suitable(url):
             return False
-        # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
-        # (see #28780)
-        from .youtube import parse_qs
+        from ..utils import parse_qs
         qs = parse_qs(url)
         if qs.get('v', [None])[0]:
             return False
@@ -4416,7 +4454,7 @@ class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
+        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
         video_id = mobj.group('id')
         playlist_id = mobj.group('playlist_id')
         return self.url_result(
@@ -4428,7 +4466,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 
 class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos, URL or "ytuser" keyword'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube user videos; "ytuser:" prefix'
     _VALID_URL = r'ytuser:(?P<id>.+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
@@ -4438,13 +4476,13 @@ class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         user_id = self._match_id(url)
         return self.url_result(
-            'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s' % user_id,
+            'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s/videos' % user_id,
             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=user_id)
 
 
 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com liked videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube liked videos; ":ytfav" keyword (requires cookies)'
     _VALID_URL = r':ytfav(?:ou?rite)?s?'
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -4461,87 +4499,25 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
 
 
-class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeTabIE):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, "ytsearch" keyword'
-    # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
-    # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
-    _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
+class YoutubeSearchIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor):
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube search'
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
-    _SEARCH_PARAMS = None
+    _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'EgIQAQ%3D%3D'  # Videos only
     _TESTS = []
 
-    def _entries(self, query, n):
-        data = {'query': query}
-        if self._SEARCH_PARAMS:
-            data['params'] = self._SEARCH_PARAMS
-        total = 0
-        continuation = {}
-        for page_num in itertools.count(1):
-            data.update(continuation)
-            search = self._extract_response(
-                item_id='query "%s" page %s' % (query, page_num), ep='search', query=data,
-                check_get_keys=('contents', 'onResponseReceivedCommands')
-            )
-            if not search:
-                break
-            slr_contents = try_get(
-                search,
-                (lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer']['primaryContents']['sectionListRenderer']['contents'],
-                 lambda x: x['onResponseReceivedCommands'][0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems']),
-                list)
-            if not slr_contents:
-                break
-
-            # Youtube sometimes adds promoted content to searches,
-            # changing the index location of videos and token.
-            # So we search through all entries till we find them.
-            continuation = None
-            for slr_content in slr_contents:
-                if not continuation:
-                    continuation = self._extract_continuation({'contents': [slr_content]})
-
-                isr_contents = try_get(
-                    slr_content,
-                    lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer']['contents'],
-                    list)
-                if not isr_contents:
-                    continue
-                for content in isr_contents:
-                    if not isinstance(content, dict):
-                        continue
-                    video = content.get('videoRenderer')
-                    if not isinstance(video, dict):
-                        continue
-                    video_id = video.get('videoId')
-                    if not video_id:
-                        continue
-
-                    yield self._extract_video(video)
-                    total += 1
-                    if total == n:
-                        return
-
-            if not continuation:
-                break
-
-    def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
-        """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
-        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(query, n), query, query)
 
-
-class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
+class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first, "ytsearchdate" keyword'
-    _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'CAI%3D'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube search, newest videos first'
+    _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'CAISAhAB'  # Videos only, sorted by date
 
 
-class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
+class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube search URLs with sorting and filter support'
     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + '_url'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?:[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
-    # _MAX_RESULTS = 100
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
         'playlist_mincount': 5,
@@ -4549,20 +4525,23 @@ class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
             'id': 'youtube-dl test video',
             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
         }
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=python&sp=EgIQAg%253D%253D',
+        'playlist_mincount': 5,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'python',
+            'title': 'python',
+        }
+
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    @classmethod
-    def _make_valid_url(cls):
-        return cls._VALID_URL
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
+        qs = parse_qs(url)
         query = (qs.get('search_query') or qs.get('q'))[0]
-        self._SEARCH_PARAMS = qs.get('sp', ('',))[0]
-        return self._get_n_results(query, self._MAX_RESULTS)
+        return self.playlist_result(self._search_results(query, qs.get('sp', (None,))[0]), query, query)
 
 
 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeTabIE):
@@ -4585,7 +4564,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
-    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list; ":ytwatchlater" keyword (requires cookies)'
     _VALID_URL = r':ytwatchlater'
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': ':ytwatchlater',
@@ -4598,7 +4577,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
 
 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube recommended videos; ":ytrec" keyword'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/?(?:[?#]|$)|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
@@ -4615,7 +4594,7 @@ class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
 
 
 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, ":ytsubs" for short (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'YouTube subscriptions feed; ":ytsubs" keyword (requires cookies)'
     _VALID_URL = r':ytsub(?:scription)?s?'
     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -4628,7 +4607,7 @@ class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
 
 
 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
-    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythis" for short (requires authentication)'
+    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history; ":ythis" keyword (requires cookies)'
     _VALID_URL = r':ythis(?:tory)?'
     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
     _TESTS = [{
@@ -4686,6 +4665,16 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             expected=True)
 
 
+class YoutubeClipIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'youtube:clip'
+    IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/clip/'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        self.report_warning('YouTube clips are not currently supported. The entire video will be downloaded instead')
+        return self.url_result(url, 'Generic')
+
+
 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list