]> jfr.im git - yt-dlp.git/blobdiff - yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
[cleanup] misc
[yt-dlp.git] / yt_dlp / extractor / youtube.py
index 4c31739f332aaa993400b9e5ad8ce2e8dfdb7510..54f5ef15cc16a129783727cd6a43aaf4abf2bb68 100644 (file)
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
     format_field,
     int_or_none,
     intlist_to_bytes,
+    is_html,
     mimetype2ext,
     network_exceptions,
     orderedSet,
@@ -45,7 +46,9 @@
     parse_count,
     parse_duration,
     parse_iso8601,
+    parse_qs,
     qualities,
+    remove_end,
     remove_start,
     smuggle_url,
     str_or_none,
     unsmuggle_url,
     update_url_query,
     url_or_none,
-    urlencode_postdata,
     urljoin,
     variadic,
 )
 
 
-def parse_qs(url):
-    return compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
-
-
 # any clients starting with _ cannot be explicity requested by the user
 INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
     'web': {
@@ -119,6 +117,7 @@ def parse_qs(url):
             }
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     'android_embedded': {
         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
@@ -128,7 +127,8 @@ def parse_qs(url):
                 'clientVersion': '16.20',
             },
         },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 55
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 55,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     'android_music': {
         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyC9XL3ZjWddXya6X74dJoCTL-WEYFDNX30',
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ def parse_qs(url):
             }
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 21,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     'android_creator': {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
@@ -148,7 +149,8 @@ def parse_qs(url):
                 'clientVersion': '21.24.100',
             },
         },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 14
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 14,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     # ios has HLS live streams
     # See: https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipeExtractor/issues/680
@@ -160,7 +162,8 @@ def parse_qs(url):
                 'clientVersion': '16.20',
             }
         },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 5
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 5,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     'ios_embedded': {
         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8',
@@ -170,7 +173,8 @@ def parse_qs(url):
                 'clientVersion': '16.20',
             },
         },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 66
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 66,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     'ios_music': {
         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyDK3iBpDP9nHVTk2qL73FLJICfOC3c51Og',
@@ -181,7 +185,8 @@ def parse_qs(url):
                 'clientVersion': '4.32',
             },
         },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 26
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 26,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     'ios_creator': {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
@@ -190,7 +195,8 @@ def parse_qs(url):
                 'clientVersion': '21.24.100',
             },
         },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 15
+        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 15,
+        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
     },
     # mweb has 'ultralow' formats
     # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/557
@@ -217,6 +223,7 @@ def build_innertube_clients():
     for client, ytcfg in tuple(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS.items()):
         ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_API_KEY', 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8')
         ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_HOST', 'www.youtube.com')
+        ytcfg.setdefault('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER', True)
         ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client'].setdefault('hl', 'en')
         ytcfg['priority'] = 10 * priority(client.split('_', 1)[0])
 
@@ -239,7 +246,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
 
     _RESERVED_NAMES = (
-        r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|'
+        r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|clip|'
         r'shorts|movies|results|shared|hashtag|trending|feed|feeds|'
         r'browse|oembed|get_video_info|iframe_api|s/player|'
         r'storefront|oops|index|account|reporthistory|t/terms|about|upload|signin|logout')
@@ -251,28 +258,12 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
 
-    r'''  # Unused since login is broken
-    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
-    _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
-
-    _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
-    _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
-    _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
-    '''
-
     def _login(self):
         """
         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
-        True is returned if successful or skipped.
-        False is returned if login failed.
-
         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
         """
 
-        def warn(message):
-            self.report_warning(message)
-
-        # username+password login is broken
         if (self._LOGIN_REQUIRED
                 and self.get_param('cookiefile') is None
                 and self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser') is None):
@@ -280,184 +271,7 @@ def warn(message):
                 'Login details are needed to download this content', method='cookies')
         username, password = self._get_login_info()
         if username:
-            warn('Logging in using username and password is broken. %s' % self._LOGIN_HINTS['cookies'])
-        return
-
-        # Everything below this is broken!
-        r'''
-        # No authentication to be performed
-        if username is None:
-            if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self.get_param('cookiefile') is None:
-                raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
-            # if self.get_param('cookiefile'):  # TODO remove 'and False' later - too many people using outdated cookies and open issues, remind them.
-            #     self.to_screen('[Cookies] Reminder - Make sure to always use up to date cookies!')
-            return True
-
-        login_page = self._download_webpage(
-            self._LOGIN_URL, None,
-            note='Downloading login page',
-            errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
-        if login_page is False:
-            return
-
-        login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
-
-        def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
-            data = login_form.copy()
-            data.update({
-                'pstMsg': 1,
-                'checkConnection': 'youtube',
-                'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
-                'hl': 'en',
-                'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
-                'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
-                'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
-                'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
-                # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
-                'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
-            })
-            return self._download_json(
-                url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
-                transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
-                fatal=False,
-                data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
-                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
-                    'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
-                })
-
-        lookup_req = [
-            username,
-            None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
-            [
-                None, None,
-                [2, 1, None, 1,
-                 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
-                 None, [], 4],
-                1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
-            ],
-            username,
-        ]
-
-        lookup_results = req(
-            self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
-            'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
-
-        if lookup_results is False:
-            return False
-
-        user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
-        if not user_hash:
-            warn('Unable to extract user hash')
-            return False
-
-        challenge_req = [
-            user_hash,
-            None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
-            [
-                None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
-                1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
-            ]]
-
-        challenge_results = req(
-            self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
-            'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
-
-        if challenge_results is False:
-            return
-
-        login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
-        if login_res:
-            login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
-            warn(
-                'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
-                if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
-            return False
-
-        res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
-        if not res:
-            warn('Unable to extract result entry')
-            return False
-
-        login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
-        if login_challenge:
-            challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
-            if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
-                # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
-                # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
-                status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
-                if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
-                    warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
-                    return False
-
-                tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
-                if not tl:
-                    warn('Unable to extract TL')
-                    return False
-
-                tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
-
-                if not tfa_code:
-                    warn(
-                        'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
-                        '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
-                    return False
-
-                tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
-
-                tfa_req = [
-                    user_hash, None, 2, None,
-                    [
-                        9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
-                        [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
-                    ]]
-
-                tfa_results = req(
-                    self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
-                    'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
-
-                if tfa_results is False:
-                    return False
-
-                tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
-                if tfa_res:
-                    tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
-                    warn(
-                        'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
-                        if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
-                    return False
-
-                check_cookie_url = try_get(
-                    tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
-            else:
-                CHALLENGES = {
-                    'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
-                    'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
-                    'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
-                }
-                challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
-                    challenge_str,
-                    '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
-                warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
-                return False
-        else:
-            check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
-
-        if not check_cookie_url:
-            warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
-            return False
-
-        check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
-            check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
-
-        if check_cookie_results is False:
-            return False
-
-        if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
-            warn('Unable to log in')
-            return False
-
-        return True
-        '''
+            self.report_warning(f'Cannot login to YouTube using username and password. {self._LOGIN_HINTS["cookies"]}')
 
     def _initialize_consent(self):
         cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
@@ -476,10 +290,7 @@ def _initialize_consent(self):
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
         self._initialize_consent()
-        if self._downloader is None:
-            return
-        if not self._login():
-            return
+        self._login()
 
     _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
     _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
@@ -501,13 +312,6 @@ def _extract_client_name(self, ytcfg, default_client='web'):
             ytcfg, (lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME'],
                     lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientName']), compat_str, default_client)
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _extract_session_index(*data):
-        for ytcfg in data:
-            session_index = int_or_none(try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['SESSION_INDEX']))
-            if session_index is not None:
-                return session_index
-
     def _extract_client_version(self, ytcfg, default_client='web'):
         return self._ytcfg_get_safe(
             ytcfg, (lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION'],
@@ -579,24 +383,34 @@ def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True, headers=None,
             data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'), headers=real_headers,
             query={'key': api_key or self._extract_api_key()})
 
-    def extract_yt_initial_data(self, video_id, webpage):
-        return self._parse_json(
-            self._search_regex(
-                (r'%s\s*%s' % (self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
-                 self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE), webpage, 'yt initial data'),
-            video_id)
+    def extract_yt_initial_data(self, item_id, webpage, fatal=True):
+        data = self._search_regex(
+            (r'%s\s*%s' % (self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
+             self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE), webpage, 'yt initial data', fatal=fatal)
+        if data:
+            return self._parse_json(data, item_id, fatal=fatal)
 
-    def _extract_identity_token(self, webpage, item_id):
-        if not webpage:
-            return None
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_session_index(*data):
+        """
+        Index of current account in account list.
+        See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/519
+        """
+        for ytcfg in data:
+            session_index = int_or_none(try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['SESSION_INDEX']))
+            if session_index is not None:
+                return session_index
+
+    # Deprecated?
+    def _extract_identity_token(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
         if ytcfg:
             token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['ID_TOKEN'], compat_str)
             if token:
                 return token
-        return self._search_regex(
-            r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
-            'identity token', default=None)
+        if webpage:
+            return self._search_regex(
+                r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
+                'identity token', default=None, fatal=False)
 
     @staticmethod
     def _extract_account_syncid(*args):
@@ -611,12 +425,26 @@ def _extract_account_syncid(*args):
                 return delegated_sid
             sync_ids = (try_get(
                 data, (lambda x: x['responseContext']['mainAppWebResponseContext']['datasyncId'],
-                       lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), compat_str) or '').split("||")
+                       lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), compat_str) or '').split('||')
             if len(sync_ids) >= 2 and sync_ids[1]:
                 # datasyncid is of the form "channel_syncid||user_syncid" for secondary channel
                 # and just "user_syncid||" for primary channel. We only want the channel_syncid
                 return sync_ids[0]
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_visitor_data(*args):
+        """
+        Extracts visitorData from an API response or ytcfg
+        Appears to be used to track session state
+        """
+        return traverse_obj(
+            args, (..., ('VISITOR_DATA', ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client', 'visitorData'), ('responseContext', 'visitorData'))),
+            expected_type=compat_str, get_all=False)
+
+    @property
+    def is_authenticated(self):
+        return bool(self._generate_sapisidhash_header())
+
     def extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
         if not webpage:
             return {}
@@ -626,33 +454,29 @@ def extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
                 default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False) or {}
 
     def generate_api_headers(
-            self, ytcfg=None, identity_token=None, account_syncid=None,
-            visitor_data=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web', session_index=None):
+            self, *, ytcfg=None, account_syncid=None, session_index=None,
+            visitor_data=None, identity_token=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web'):
+
         origin = 'https://' + (api_hostname if api_hostname else self._get_innertube_host(default_client))
         headers = {
             'X-YouTube-Client-Name': compat_str(
                 self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME'], default_client=default_client)),
             'X-YouTube-Client-Version': self._extract_client_version(ytcfg, default_client),
-            'Origin': origin
+            'Origin': origin,
+            'X-Youtube-Identity-Token': identity_token or self._extract_identity_token(ytcfg),
+            'X-Goog-PageId': account_syncid or self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg),
+            'X-Goog-Visitor-Id': visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(ytcfg)
         }
-        if not visitor_data and ytcfg:
-            visitor_data = try_get(
-                self._extract_context(ytcfg, default_client), lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str)
-        if identity_token:
-            headers['X-Youtube-Identity-Token'] = identity_token
-        if account_syncid:
-            headers['X-Goog-PageId'] = account_syncid
-        if session_index is None and ytcfg:
+        if session_index is None:
             session_index = self._extract_session_index(ytcfg)
         if account_syncid or session_index is not None:
             headers['X-Goog-AuthUser'] = session_index if session_index is not None else 0
-        if visitor_data:
-            headers['X-Goog-Visitor-Id'] = visitor_data
+
         auth = self._generate_sapisidhash_header(origin)
         if auth is not None:
             headers['Authorization'] = auth
             headers['X-Origin'] = origin
-        return headers
+        return {h: v for h, v in headers.items() if v is not None}
 
     @staticmethod
     def _build_api_continuation_query(continuation, ctp=None):
@@ -723,17 +547,17 @@ def _extract_alerts(cls, data):
                 if message:
                     yield alert_type, message
 
-    def _report_alerts(self, alerts, expected=True):
+    def _report_alerts(self, alerts, expected=True, fatal=True, only_once=False):
         errors = []
         warnings = []
         for alert_type, alert_message in alerts:
-            if alert_type.lower() == 'error':
+            if alert_type.lower() == 'error' and fatal:
                 errors.append([alert_type, alert_message])
             else:
                 warnings.append([alert_type, alert_message])
 
         for alert_type, alert_message in (warnings + errors[:-1]):
-            self.report_warning('YouTube said: %s - %s' % (alert_type, alert_message))
+            self.report_warning('YouTube said: %s - %s' % (alert_type, alert_message), only_once=only_once)
         if errors:
             raise ExtractorError('YouTube said: %s' % errors[-1][1], expected=expected)
 
@@ -782,7 +606,7 @@ def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers
         while count < retries:
             count += 1
             if last_error:
-                self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
+                self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % remove_end(last_error, '.'))
             try:
                 response = self._call_api(
                     ep=ep, fatal=True, headers=headers,
@@ -793,12 +617,19 @@ def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers
                     note='%s%s' % (note, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
             except ExtractorError as e:
                 if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
+                    if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and not is_html(e.cause.read(512)):
+                        e.cause.seek(0)
+                        yt_error = try_get(
+                            self._parse_json(e.cause.read().decode(), item_id, fatal=False),
+                            lambda x: x['error']['message'], compat_str)
+                        if yt_error:
+                            self._report_alerts([('ERROR', yt_error)], fatal=False)
                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
                     # Sometimes a 404 is also recieved. See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28289
                     # We also want to catch all other network exceptions since errors in later pages can be troublesome
                     # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/507#issuecomment-880188210
                     if not isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) or e.cause.code not in (403, 429):
-                        last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e)
+                        last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e.msg)
                         if count < retries:
                             continue
                 if fatal:
@@ -808,10 +639,14 @@ def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers
                     return
 
             else:
-                # Youtube may send alerts if there was an issue with the continuation page
                 try:
-                    self._extract_and_report_alerts(response, expected=False)
+                    self._extract_and_report_alerts(response, only_once=True)
                 except ExtractorError as e:
+                    # YouTube servers may return errors we want to retry on in a 200 OK response
+                    # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/839
+                    if 'unknown error' in e.msg.lower():
+                        last_error = e.msg
+                        continue
                     if fatal:
                         raise
                     self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
@@ -850,7 +685,7 @@ def _extract_video(self, renderer):
             '_type': 'url',
             'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
             'id': video_id,
-            'url': video_id,
+            'url': f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
             'title': title,
             'description': description,
             'duration': duration,
@@ -937,7 +772,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                             youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
-                             (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
+                             (?:(?:v|embed|e|shorts)/(?!videoseries))         # v/ or embed/ or e/ or shorts/
                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
@@ -1064,10 +899,14 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 
         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
-        '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
-        '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
-        '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
-        '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+        '394': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.00M.08'},
+        '395': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.00M.08'},
+        '396': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.01M.08'},
+        '397': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.04M.08'},
+        '398': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+        '399': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.08M.08'},
+        '400': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
+        '401': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
     }
     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 
@@ -1823,14 +1662,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'params': {
                 'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_skip': ['configs']}},
             },
-        }
+        }, {
+            # shorts
+            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BGQWPY4IigY',
+            'only_matching': True,
+        },
     ]
 
     @classmethod
     def suitable(cls, url):
-        # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
-        # (see #28780)
-        from .youtube import parse_qs
+        from ..utils import parse_qs
+
         qs = parse_qs(url)
         if qs.get('list', [None])[0]:
             return False
@@ -1841,14 +1683,12 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._code_cache = {}
         self._player_cache = {}
 
-    def _extract_player_url(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
-        player_url = try_get(ytcfg, (lambda x: x['PLAYER_JS_URL']), str)
-        if not player_url and webpage:
-            player_url = self._search_regex(
-                r'"(?:PLAYER_JS_URL|jsUrl)"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"',
-                webpage, 'player URL', fatal=False)
+    def _extract_player_url(self, *ytcfgs, webpage=None):
+        player_url = traverse_obj(
+            ytcfgs, (..., 'PLAYER_JS_URL'), (..., 'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'jsUrl'),
+            get_all=False, expected_type=compat_str)
         if not player_url:
-            return None
+            return
         if player_url.startswith('//'):
             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
@@ -1856,6 +1696,16 @@ def _extract_player_url(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
         return player_url
 
+    def _download_player_url(self, video_id, fatal=False):
+        res = self._download_webpage(
+            'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api',
+            note='Downloading iframe API JS', video_id=video_id, fatal=fatal)
+        if res:
+            player_version = self._search_regex(
+                r'player\\?/([0-9a-fA-F]{8})\\?/', res, 'player version', fatal=fatal)
+            if player_version:
+                return f'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/{player_version}/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js'
+
     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
@@ -1873,10 +1723,12 @@ def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
     def _load_player(self, video_id, player_url, fatal=True) -> bool:
         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
         if player_id not in self._code_cache:
-            self._code_cache[player_id] = self._download_webpage(
+            code = self._download_webpage(
                 player_url, video_id, fatal=fatal,
                 note='Downloading player ' + player_id,
                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
+            if code:
+                self._code_cache[player_id] = code
         return player_id in self._code_cache
 
     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
@@ -1945,10 +1797,10 @@ def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
         funcname = self._search_regex(
             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
-             r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
-             r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
-             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
-             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
+             r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
+             r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
+             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
+             r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
              # Obsolete patterns
              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
@@ -2080,8 +1932,7 @@ def extract_id(cls, url):
         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
         if mobj is None:
             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
-        video_id = mobj.group(2)
-        return video_id
+        return mobj.group('id')
 
     def _extract_chapters_from_json(self, data, duration):
         chapter_list = traverse_obj(
@@ -2191,11 +2042,9 @@ def _extract_comment(self, comment_renderer, parent=None):
             'parent': parent or 'root'
         }
 
-    def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, identity_token, account_syncid,
-                         ytcfg, video_id, parent=None, comment_counts=None):
+    def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, ytcfg, video_id, parent=None, comment_counts=None):
 
         def extract_header(contents):
-            _total_comments = 0
             _continuation = None
             for content in contents:
                 comments_header_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['commentsHeaderRenderer'])
@@ -2205,7 +2054,6 @@ def extract_header(contents):
                 if expected_comment_count:
                     comment_counts[1] = expected_comment_count
                     self.to_screen('Downloading ~%d comments' % expected_comment_count)
-                    _total_comments = comment_counts[1]
                 sort_mode_str = self._configuration_arg('comment_sort', [''])[0]
                 comment_sort_index = int(sort_mode_str != 'top')  # 1 = new, 0 = top
 
@@ -2225,7 +2073,7 @@ def extract_header(contents):
                     sort_text = 'top comments' if comment_sort_index == 0 else 'newest first'
                 self.to_screen('Sorting comments by %s' % sort_text)
                 break
-            return _total_comments, _continuation
+            return _continuation
 
         def extract_thread(contents):
             if not parent:
@@ -2250,8 +2098,8 @@ def extract_thread(contents):
                 if comment_replies_renderer:
                     comment_counts[2] += 1
                     comment_entries_iter = self._comment_entries(
-                        comment_replies_renderer, identity_token, account_syncid, ytcfg,
-                        video_id, parent=comment.get('id'), comment_counts=comment_counts)
+                        comment_replies_renderer, ytcfg, video_id,
+                        parent=comment.get('id'), comment_counts=comment_counts)
 
                     for reply_comment in comment_entries_iter:
                         yield reply_comment
@@ -2270,13 +2118,17 @@ def extract_thread(contents):
             continuation_token = self._generate_comment_continuation(video_id)
             continuation = self._build_api_continuation_query(continuation_token, None)
 
+        message = self._get_text(root_continuation_data, ('contents', ..., 'messageRenderer', 'text'), max_runs=1)
+        if message and not parent:
+            self.report_warning(message, video_id=video_id)
+
         visitor_data = None
         is_first_continuation = parent is None
 
         for page_num in itertools.count(0):
             if not continuation:
                 break
-            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg, identity_token, account_syncid, visitor_data)
+            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, visitor_data=visitor_data)
             comment_prog_str = '(%d/%d)' % (comment_counts[0], comment_counts[1])
             if page_num == 0:
                 if is_first_continuation:
@@ -2313,9 +2165,7 @@ def extract_thread(contents):
                          lambda x: x['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems']),
                         list) or []
                     if is_first_continuation:
-                        total_comments, continuation = extract_header(continuation_items)
-                        if total_comments:
-                            yield total_comments
+                        continuation = extract_header(continuation_items)
                         is_first_continuation = False
                         if continuation:
                             break
@@ -2343,9 +2193,7 @@ def extract_thread(contents):
                         continue
                     if is_first_continuation:
                         header_continuation_items = [continuation_renderer.get('header') or {}]
-                        total_comments, continuation = extract_header(header_continuation_items)
-                        if total_comments:
-                            yield total_comments
+                        continuation = extract_header(header_continuation_items)
                         is_first_continuation = False
                         if continuation:
                             break
@@ -2373,46 +2221,28 @@ def _generate_comment_continuation(video_id):
             [bytes_to_intlist(base64.b64decode(part)) for part in parts]))
         return base64.b64encode(intlist_to_bytes(new_continuation_intlist)).decode('utf-8')
 
-    def _extract_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage):
+    def _get_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage):
         """Entry for comment extraction"""
         def _real_comment_extract(contents):
-            if isinstance(contents, list):
-                for entry in contents:
-                    for key, renderer in entry.items():
-                        if key not in known_entry_comment_renderers:
-                            continue
-                        yield from self._comment_entries(
-                            renderer, video_id=video_id, ytcfg=ytcfg,
-                            identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=video_id),
-                            account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg))
-                        break
-        comments = []
-        known_entry_comment_renderers = ('itemSectionRenderer',)
-        estimated_total = 0
-        max_comments = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comments', [''])[0]) or float('inf')
+            renderer = next((
+                item for item in traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'itemSectionRenderer'), default={})
+                if item.get('sectionIdentifier') == 'comment-item-section'), None)
+            yield from self._comment_entries(renderer, ytcfg, video_id)
+
+        max_comments = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comments', [''])[0])
         # Force English regardless of account setting to prevent parsing issues
         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/532
         ytcfg = copy.deepcopy(ytcfg)
         traverse_obj(
             ytcfg, ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client'), expected_type=dict, default={})['hl'] = 'en'
-        try:
-            for comment in _real_comment_extract(contents):
-                if len(comments) >= max_comments:
-                    break
-                if isinstance(comment, int):
-                    estimated_total = comment
-                    continue
-                comments.append(comment)
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            self.to_screen('Interrupted by user')
-        self.to_screen('Downloaded %d/%d comments' % (len(comments), estimated_total))
-        return {
-            'comments': comments,
-            'comment_count': len(comments),
-        }
+        return itertools.islice(_real_comment_extract(contents), 0, max_comments)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _generate_player_context(sts=None):
+    def _get_checkok_params():
+        return {'contentCheckOk': True, 'racyCheckOk': True}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _generate_player_context(cls, sts=None):
         context = {
             'html5Preference': 'HTML5_PREF_WANTS',
         }
@@ -2422,8 +2252,7 @@ def _generate_player_context(sts=None):
             'playbackContext': {
                 'contentPlaybackContext': context
             },
-            'contentCheckOk': True,
-            'racyCheckOk': True
+            **cls._get_checkok_params()
         }
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -2442,14 +2271,13 @@ def _is_agegated(player_response):
     def _is_unplayable(player_response):
         return traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'status')) == 'UNPLAYABLE'
 
-    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, identity_token, player_url, initial_pr):
+    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url, initial_pr):
 
         session_index = self._extract_session_index(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg)
         syncid = self._extract_account_syncid(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg, initial_pr)
-        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False)
+        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False) if player_url else None
         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            player_ytcfg, identity_token, syncid,
-            default_client=client, session_index=session_index)
+            ytcfg=player_ytcfg, account_syncid=syncid, session_index=session_index, default_client=client)
 
         yt_query = {'videoId': video_id}
         yt_query.update(self._generate_player_context(sts))
@@ -2491,7 +2319,7 @@ def _extract_player_ytcfg(self, client, video_id):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {client} config')
         return self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or {}
 
-    def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, player_url, identity_token):
+    def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg):
         initial_pr = None
         if webpage:
             initial_pr = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
@@ -2500,6 +2328,7 @@ def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, pl
 
         original_clients = clients
         clients = clients[::-1]
+        prs = []
 
         def append_client(client_name):
             if client_name in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS and client_name not in original_clients:
@@ -2509,23 +2338,33 @@ def append_client(client_name):
         # extraction of some data. So we return the initial_pr with formats
         # stripped out even if not requested by the user
         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/501
-        yielded_pr = False
         if initial_pr:
             pr = dict(initial_pr)
             pr['streamingData'] = None
-            yielded_pr = True
-            yield pr
+            prs.append(pr)
 
         last_error = None
+        tried_iframe_fallback = False
+        player_url = None
         while clients:
             client = clients.pop()
             player_ytcfg = master_ytcfg if client == 'web' else {}
             if 'configs' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
                 player_ytcfg = self._extract_player_ytcfg(client, video_id) or player_ytcfg
 
+            player_url = player_url or self._extract_player_url(master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, webpage=webpage)
+            require_js_player = self._get_default_ytcfg(client).get('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER')
+            if 'js' in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
+                require_js_player = False
+                player_url = None
+
+            if not player_url and not tried_iframe_fallback and require_js_player:
+                player_url = self._download_player_url(video_id)
+                tried_iframe_fallback = True
+
             try:
                 pr = initial_pr if client == 'web' and initial_pr else self._extract_player_response(
-                    client, video_id, player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, identity_token, player_url, initial_pr)
+                    client, video_id, player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url if require_js_player else None, initial_pr)
             except ExtractorError as e:
                 if last_error:
                     self.report_warning(last_error)
@@ -2533,19 +2372,19 @@ def append_client(client_name):
                 continue
 
             if pr:
-                yielded_pr = True
-                yield pr
+                prs.append(pr)
 
             # creator clients can bypass AGE_VERIFICATION_REQUIRED if logged in
-            if client.endswith('_agegate') and self._is_unplayable(pr) and self._generate_sapisidhash_header():
+            if client.endswith('_agegate') and self._is_unplayable(pr) and self.is_authenticated:
                 append_client(client.replace('_agegate', '_creator'))
             elif self._is_agegated(pr):
                 append_client(f'{client}_agegate')
 
         if last_error:
-            if not yielded_pr:
+            if not len(prs):
                 raise last_error
             self.report_warning(last_error)
+        return prs, player_url
 
     def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
         itags, stream_ids = [], []
@@ -2612,7 +2451,8 @@ def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
                 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
                 'format_id': itag,
                 'format_note': ', '.join(filter(None, (
-                    audio_track.get('displayName'),
+                    '%s%s' % (audio_track.get('displayName') or '',
+                              ' (default)' if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') else ''),
                     fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', '')))),
                 'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
                 'height': height,
@@ -2621,6 +2461,7 @@ def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live):
                 'url': fmt_url,
                 'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
                 'language': audio_track.get('id', '').split('.')[0],
+                'language_preference': 1 if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') else -1,
             }
             mime_mobj = re.match(
                 r'((?:[^/]+)/(?:[^;]+))(?:;\s*codecs="([^"]+)")?', fmt.get('mimeType') or '')
@@ -2661,7 +2502,9 @@ def guess_quality(f):
                     itag = self._search_regex(
                         r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)
                     if itag in itags:
-                        continue
+                        itag += '-hls'
+                        if itag in itags:
+                            continue
                     if itag:
                         f['format_id'] = itag
                         itags.append(itag)
@@ -2673,8 +2516,11 @@ def guess_quality(f):
                 for f in self._extract_mpd_formats(dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False):
                     itag = f['format_id']
                     if itag in itags:
-                        continue
+                        itag += '-dash'
+                        if itag in itags:
+                            continue
                     if itag:
+                        f['format_id'] = itag
                         itags.append(itag)
                     f['quality'] = guess_quality(f)
                     filesize = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
@@ -2690,16 +2536,16 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
 
         base_url = self.http_scheme() + '//www.youtube.com/'
         webpage_url = base_url + 'watch?v=' + video_id
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1', video_id, fatal=False)
+        webpage = None
+        if 'webpage' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1', video_id, fatal=False)
 
         master_ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or self._get_default_ytcfg()
-        player_url = self._extract_player_url(master_ytcfg, webpage)
-        identity_token = self._extract_identity_token(webpage, video_id)
 
-        player_responses = list(self._extract_player_responses(
+        player_responses, player_url = self._extract_player_responses(
             self._get_requested_clients(url, smuggled_data),
-            video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, player_url, identity_token))
+            video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg)
 
         get_first = lambda obj, keys, **kwargs: traverse_obj(obj, (..., *variadic(keys)), **kwargs, get_all=False)
 
@@ -2782,8 +2628,7 @@ def feed_entry(name):
 
         if not formats:
             if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., 'licenseInfos')):
-                self.raise_no_formats(
-                    'This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
+                self.report_drm(video_id)
             pemr = get_first(
                 playability_statuses,
                 ('errorScreen', 'playerErrorMessageRenderer'), expected_type=dict) or {}
@@ -2808,7 +2653,7 @@ def feed_entry(name):
 
         # Source is given priority since formats that throttle are given lower source_preference
         # When throttling issue is fully fixed, remove this
-        self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'height', 'fps', 'source'))
+        self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source', 'codec:vp9.2', 'lang'))
 
         keywords = get_first(video_details, 'keywords', expected_type=list) or []
         if not keywords and webpage:
@@ -2854,21 +2699,18 @@ def feed_entry(name):
         # The best resolution thumbnails sometimes does not appear in the webpage
         # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/29049, https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/340
         # List of possible thumbnails - Ref: <https://stackoverflow.com/a/20542029>
-        hq_thumbnail_names = ['maxresdefault', 'hq720', 'sddefault', 'sd1', 'sd2', 'sd3']
-        # TODO: Test them also? - For some videos, even these don't exist
-        guaranteed_thumbnail_names = [
+        thumbnail_names = [
+            'maxresdefault', 'hq720', 'sddefault', 'sd1', 'sd2', 'sd3',
             'hqdefault', 'hq1', 'hq2', 'hq3', '0',
             'mqdefault', 'mq1', 'mq2', 'mq3',
             'default', '1', '2', '3'
         ]
-        thumbnail_names = hq_thumbnail_names + guaranteed_thumbnail_names
         n_thumbnail_names = len(thumbnail_names)
 
         thumbnails.extend({
             'url': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi{webp}/{video_id}/{name}{live}.{ext}'.format(
                 video_id=video_id, name=name, ext=ext,
                 webp='_webp' if ext == 'webp' else '', live='_live' if is_live else ''),
-            '_test_url': name in hq_thumbnail_names,
         } for name in thumbnail_names for ext in ('webp', 'jpg'))
         for thumb in thumbnails:
             i = next((i for i, t in enumerate(thumbnail_names) if f'/{video_id}/{t}' in thumb['url']), n_thumbnail_names)
@@ -2934,15 +2776,19 @@ def feed_entry(name):
         }
 
         pctr = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'captions', 'playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
-        # Converted into dicts to remove duplicates
-        captions = {
-            sub.get('baseUrl'): sub
-            for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...), default=[])}
-        translation_languages = {
-            lang.get('languageCode'): lang.get('languageName')
-            for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...), default=[])}
-        subtitles = {}
         if pctr:
+            def get_lang_code(track):
+                return (remove_start(track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
+                        or track.get('languageCode'))
+
+            # Converted into dicts to remove duplicates
+            captions = {
+                get_lang_code(sub): sub
+                for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...), default=[])}
+            translation_languages = {
+                lang.get('languageCode'): self._get_text(lang.get('languageName'), max_runs=1)
+                for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...), default=[])}
+
             def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                 lang_subs = container.setdefault(lang_code, [])
                 for fmt in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
@@ -2955,30 +2801,29 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                         'name': sub_name,
                     })
 
-            for base_url, caption_track in captions.items():
+            subtitles, automatic_captions = {}, {}
+            for lang_code, caption_track in captions.items():
+                base_url = caption_track.get('baseUrl')
                 if not base_url:
                     continue
+                lang_name = self._get_text(caption_track, 'name', max_runs=1)
                 if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
-                    lang_code = (
-                        remove_start(caption_track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
-                        or caption_track.get('languageCode'))
                     if not lang_code:
                         continue
                     process_language(
-                        subtitles, base_url, lang_code,
-                        traverse_obj(caption_track, ('name', 'simpleText')),
-                        {})
-                    continue
-                automatic_captions = {}
+                        subtitles, base_url, lang_code, lang_name, {})
+                    if not caption_track.get('isTranslatable'):
+                        continue
                 for trans_code, trans_name in translation_languages.items():
                     if not trans_code:
                         continue
+                    if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
+                        trans_code += f'-{lang_code}'
+                        trans_name += format_field(lang_name, template=' from %s')
                     process_language(
-                        automatic_captions, base_url, trans_code,
-                        self._get_text(trans_name, max_runs=1),
-                        {'tlang': trans_code})
-                info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
-        info['subtitles'] = subtitles
+                        automatic_captions, base_url, trans_code, trans_name, {'tlang': trans_code})
+            info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
+            info['subtitles'] = subtitles
 
         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
@@ -3013,19 +2858,18 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
                 webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, video_id,
                 'yt initial data')
         if not initial_data:
-            headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-                master_ytcfg, identity_token, self._extract_account_syncid(master_ytcfg),
-                session_index=self._extract_session_index(master_ytcfg))
-
+            query = {'videoId': video_id}
+            query.update(self._get_checkok_params())
             initial_data = self._extract_response(
                 item_id=video_id, ep='next', fatal=False,
-                ytcfg=master_ytcfg, headers=headers, query={'videoId': video_id},
+                ytcfg=master_ytcfg, query=query,
+                headers=self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=master_ytcfg),
                 note='Downloading initial data API JSON')
 
         try:
             # This will error if there is no livechat
             initial_data['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['conversationBar']['liveChatRenderer']['continuations'][0]['reloadContinuationData']['continuation']
-            info['subtitles']['live_chat'] = [{
+            info.setdefault('subtitles', {})['live_chat'] = [{
                 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,  # url is needed to set cookies
                 'video_id': video_id,
                 'ext': 'json',
@@ -3158,41 +3002,7 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
             needs_auth=info['age_limit'] >= 18,
             is_unlisted=None if is_private is None else is_unlisted)
 
-        # get xsrf for annotations or comments
-        get_annotations = self.get_param('writeannotations', False)
-        get_comments = self.get_param('getcomments', False)
-        if get_annotations or get_comments:
-            xsrf_token = None
-            if master_ytcfg:
-                xsrf_token = try_get(master_ytcfg, lambda x: x['XSRF_TOKEN'], compat_str)
-            if not xsrf_token:
-                xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
-                    r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>(?:(?!\2).)+)\2',
-                    webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
-
-        # annotations
-        if get_annotations:
-            invideo_url = get_first(
-                player_responses,
-                ('annotations', 0, 'playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer', 'invideoUrl'),
-                expected_type=str)
-            if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
-                xsrf_field_name = None
-                if master_ytcfg:
-                    xsrf_field_name = try_get(master_ytcfg, lambda x: x['XSRF_FIELD_NAME'], compat_str)
-                if not xsrf_field_name:
-                    xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
-                        r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
-                        webpage, 'xsrf field name',
-                        group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
-                info['annotations'] = self._download_webpage(
-                    self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
-                    video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
-                    errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
-                    data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
-
-        if get_comments:
-            info['__post_extractor'] = lambda: self._extract_comments(master_ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage)
+        info['__post_extractor'] = self.extract_comments(master_ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage)
 
         self.mark_watched(video_id, player_responses)
 
@@ -3539,7 +3349,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/watch_later',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
-        'note': 'Recommended - redirects to home page',
+        'note': 'Recommended - redirects to home page.',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
@@ -3636,6 +3446,51 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             'availability': 'unlisted'
         },
         'playlist_count': 1,
+    }, {
+        'note': 'API Fallback: Recommended - redirects to home page. Requires visitorData',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'recommended',
+            'title': 'recommended',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 50,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'API Fallback: /videos tab, sorted by oldest first',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/theCodyReeder/videos?view=0&sort=da&flow=grid',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
+            'title': 'Cody\'sLab - Videos',
+            'description': 'md5:d083b7c2f0c67ee7a6c74c3e9b4243fa',
+            'uploader': 'Cody\'sLab',
+            'uploader_id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
+        },
+        'playlist_mincount': 650,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
+        },
+    }, {
+        'note': 'API Fallback: Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
+        'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UU9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+            'uploader_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
+            'title': 'Uploads from Royalty Free Music - Topic',
+            'uploader': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
+        },
+        'expected_warnings': [
+            'A channel/user page was given',
+            'The URL does not have a videos tab',
+        ],
+        'playlist_mincount': 101,
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
+            'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
+        },
     }]
 
     @classmethod
@@ -3824,7 +3679,7 @@ def _rich_grid_entries(self, contents):
                 if entry:
                     yield entry
     '''
-    def _entries(self, tab, item_id, identity_token, account_syncid, ytcfg):
+    def _entries(self, tab, item_id, ytcfg, account_syncid, visitor_data):
 
         def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continuation to work with feeds
             contents = try_get(parent_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
@@ -3866,7 +3721,7 @@ def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continua
             if not continuation_list[0]:
                 continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
 
-        continuation_list = [None]  # Python 2 doesnot support nonlocal
+        continuation_list = [None]  # Python 2 does not support nonlocal
         tab_content = try_get(tab, lambda x: x['content'], dict)
         if not tab_content:
             return
@@ -3876,12 +3731,12 @@ def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continua
         for entry in extract_entries(parent_renderer):
             yield entry
         continuation = continuation_list[0]
-        visitor_data = None
 
         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
             if not continuation:
                 break
-            headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg, identity_token, account_syncid, visitor_data)
+            headers = self.generate_api_headers(
+                ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=account_syncid, visitor_data=visitor_data)
             response = self._extract_response(
                 item_id='%s page %s' % (item_id, page_num),
                 query=continuation, headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg,
@@ -3889,8 +3744,9 @@ def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continua
 
             if not response:
                 break
-            visitor_data = try_get(
-                response, lambda x: x['responseContext']['visitorData'], compat_str) or visitor_data
+            # Extracting updated visitor data is required to prevent an infinite extraction loop in some cases
+            # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28702
+            visitor_data = self._extract_visitor_data(response) or visitor_data
 
             known_continuation_renderers = {
                 'playlistVideoListContinuation': self._playlist_entries,
@@ -3964,9 +3820,10 @@ def _extract_uploader(cls, data):
                 try_get(owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['canonicalBaseUrl'], compat_str))
         return {k: v for k, v in uploader.items() if v is not None}
 
-    def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, webpage, data, tabs):
+    def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs):
         playlist_id = title = description = channel_url = channel_name = channel_id = None
-        thumbnails_list = tags = []
+        thumbnails_list = []
+        tags = []
 
         selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
         renderer = try_get(
@@ -4031,20 +3888,15 @@ def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, webpage, data, tabs):
             'channel': metadata['uploader'],
             'channel_id': metadata['uploader_id'],
             'channel_url': metadata['uploader_url']})
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
         return self.playlist_result(
             self._entries(
-                selected_tab, playlist_id,
-                self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id),
-                self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data), ytcfg),
+                selected_tab, playlist_id, ytcfg,
+                self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+                self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg)),
             **metadata)
 
-    def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
-        first_id = last_id = None
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(playlist_id, webpage)
-        headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
-            identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=playlist_id))
+    def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg):
+        first_id = last_id = response = None
         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
             videos = list(self._playlist_entries(playlist))
             if not videos:
@@ -4061,6 +3913,9 @@ def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
             last_id = videos[-1]['id']
             watch_endpoint = try_get(
                 playlist, lambda x: x['contents'][-1]['playlistPanelVideoRenderer']['navigationEndpoint']['watchEndpoint'])
+            headers = self.generate_api_headers(
+                ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+                visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response, data, ytcfg))
             query = {
                 'playlistId': playlist_id,
                 'videoId': watch_endpoint.get('videoId') or last_id,
@@ -4075,7 +3930,7 @@ def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
             playlist = try_get(
                 response, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
 
-    def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage):
+    def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, ytcfg):
         title = playlist.get('title') or try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['titleText']['simpleText'], compat_str)
         playlist_id = playlist.get('playlistId') or item_id
@@ -4090,7 +3945,7 @@ def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage):
                 video_title=title)
 
         return self.playlist_result(
-            self._extract_mix_playlist(playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage),
+            self._extract_mix_playlist(playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg),
             playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title)
 
     def _extract_availability(self, data):
@@ -4134,7 +3989,7 @@ def _extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, info_renderer, expected_type=dict):
             if renderer:
                 return renderer
 
-    def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
+    def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, ytcfg):
         """
         Get playlist with unavailable videos if the 'show unavailable videos' button exists.
         """
@@ -4158,12 +4013,9 @@ def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
             params = browse_endpoint.get('params')
             break
 
-        ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
-            identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=item_id),
-            visitor_data=try_get(
-                self._extract_context(ytcfg), lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str))
+            ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
+            visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg))
         query = {
             'params': params or 'wgYCCAA=',
             'browseId': browse_id or 'VL%s' % item_id
@@ -4173,28 +4025,87 @@ def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
             check_get_keys='contents', fatal=False, ytcfg=ytcfg,
             note='Downloading API JSON with unavailable videos')
 
-    def _extract_webpage(self, url, item_id):
+    def _extract_webpage(self, url, item_id, fatal=True):
         retries = self.get_param('extractor_retries', 3)
         count = -1
-        last_error = 'Incomplete yt initial data recieved'
+        webpage = data = last_error = None
         while count < retries:
             count += 1
             # Sometimes youtube returns a webpage with incomplete ytInitialData
             # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/116
-            if count:
+            if last_error:
                 self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                url, item_id,
-                'Downloading webpage%s' % (' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
-            data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage)
-            if data.get('contents') or data.get('currentVideoEndpoint'):
+            try:
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                    url, item_id,
+                    note='Downloading webpage%s' % (' (retry #%d)' % count if count else '',))
+                data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage or '', fatal=fatal) or {}
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
+                    if not isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) or e.cause.code not in (403, 429):
+                        last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e.msg)
+                        if count < retries:
+                            continue
+                if fatal:
+                    raise
+                self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
                 break
-            # Extract alerts here only when there is error
-            self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
-            if count >= retries:
-                raise ExtractorError(last_error)
+            else:
+                try:
+                    self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
+                except ExtractorError as e:
+                    if fatal:
+                        raise
+                    self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
+                    break
+
+                if dict_get(data, ('contents', 'currentVideoEndpoint')):
+                    break
+
+                last_error = 'Incomplete yt initial data received'
+                if count >= retries:
+                    if fatal:
+                        raise ExtractorError(last_error)
+                    self.report_warning(last_error)
+                    break
+
         return webpage, data
 
+    def _extract_data(self, url, item_id, ytcfg=None, fatal=True, webpage_fatal=False, default_client='web'):
+        data = None
+        if 'webpage' not in self._configuration_arg('skip'):
+            webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id, fatal=webpage_fatal)
+            ytcfg = ytcfg or self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
+        if not data:
+            if not ytcfg and self.is_authenticated:
+                msg = 'Playlists that require authentication may not extract correctly without a successful webpage download.'
+                if 'authcheck' not in self._configuration_arg('skip') and fatal:
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        msg + ' If you are not downloading private content, or your cookies are only for the first account and channel,'
+                              ' pass "--extractor-args youtubetab:skip=authcheck" to skip this check',
+                        expected=True)
+                self.report_warning(msg, only_once=True)
+            data = self._extract_tab_endpoint(url, item_id, ytcfg, fatal=fatal, default_client=default_client)
+        return data, ytcfg
+
+    def _extract_tab_endpoint(self, url, item_id, ytcfg=None, fatal=True, default_client='web'):
+        headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, default_client=default_client)
+        resolve_response = self._extract_response(
+            item_id=item_id, query={'url': url}, check_get_keys='endpoint', headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=fatal,
+            ep='navigation/resolve_url', note='Downloading API parameters API JSON', default_client=default_client)
+        endpoints = {'browseEndpoint': 'browse', 'watchEndpoint': 'next'}
+        for ep_key, ep in endpoints.items():
+            params = try_get(resolve_response, lambda x: x['endpoint'][ep_key], dict)
+            if params:
+                return self._extract_response(
+                    item_id=item_id, query=params, ep=ep, headers=headers,
+                    ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=fatal, default_client=default_client,
+                    check_get_keys=('contents', 'currentVideoEndpoint'))
+        err_note = 'Failed to resolve url (does the playlist exist?)'
+        if fatal:
+            raise ExtractorError(err_note, expected=True)
+        self.report_warning(err_note, item_id)
+
     @staticmethod
     def _smuggle_data(entries, data):
         for entry in entries:
@@ -4227,7 +4138,6 @@ def get_mobj(url):
         mobj = get_mobj(url)
         # Youtube returns incomplete data if tabname is not lower case
         pre, tab, post, is_channel = mobj['pre'], mobj['tab'].lower(), mobj['post'], not mobj['not_channel']
-
         if is_channel:
             if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
                 if item_id[:2] == 'VL':
@@ -4235,12 +4145,14 @@ def get_mobj(url):
                     item_id = item_id[2:]
                     pre, tab, post, is_channel = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % item_id, '', '', False
                 elif item_id[:2] == 'MP':
-                    # Youtube music albums (/channel/MP...) have a OLAK playlist that can be extracted from the webpage
-                    item_id = self._search_regex(
-                        r'\\x22audioPlaylistId\\x22:\\x22([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)\\x22',
-                        self._download_webpage('https://music.youtube.com/channel/%s' % item_id, item_id),
-                        'playlist id')
-                    pre, tab, post, is_channel = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % item_id, '', '', False
+                    # Resolve albums (/[channel/browse]/MP...) to their equivalent playlist
+                    mdata = self._extract_tab_endpoint(
+                        'https://music.youtube.com/channel/%s' % item_id, item_id, default_client='web_music')
+                    murl = traverse_obj(
+                        mdata, ('microformat', 'microformatDataRenderer', 'urlCanonical'), get_all=False, expected_type=compat_str)
+                    if not murl:
+                        raise ExtractorError('Failed to resolve album to playlist.')
+                    return self.url_result(murl, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
                 elif mobj['channel_type'] == 'browse':
                     # Youtube music /browse/ should be changed to /channel/
                     pre = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % item_id
@@ -4271,10 +4183,10 @@ def get_mobj(url):
         if video_id and playlist_id:
             if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
-                return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
+                return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}', ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
             self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s; add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
 
-        webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id)
+        data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(url, item_id)
 
         tabs = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer']['tabs'], list)
@@ -4292,11 +4204,7 @@ def get_mobj(url):
                         pl_id = 'UU%s' % item_id[2:]
                         pl_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s%s' % (pl_id, mobj['post'])
                         try:
-                            pl_webpage, pl_data = self._extract_webpage(pl_url, pl_id)
-                            for alert_type, alert_message in self._extract_alerts(pl_data):
-                                if alert_type == 'error':
-                                    raise ExtractorError('Youtube said: %s' % alert_message)
-                            item_id, url, webpage, data = pl_id, pl_url, pl_webpage, pl_data
+                            data, ytcfg, item_id, url = *self._extract_data(pl_url, pl_id, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=True), pl_id, pl_url
                         except ExtractorError:
                             self.report_warning('The playlist gave error. Falling back to channel URL')
                     else:
@@ -4306,17 +4214,17 @@ def get_mobj(url):
 
         # YouTube sometimes provides a button to reload playlist with unavailable videos.
         if 'no-youtube-unavailable-videos' not in compat_opts:
-            data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, webpage) or data
-        self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
+            data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, ytcfg) or data
+        self._extract_and_report_alerts(data, only_once=True)
         tabs = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer']['tabs'], list)
         if tabs:
-            return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, webpage, data, tabs)
+            return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs)
 
         playlist = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
         if playlist:
-            return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage)
+            return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist, ytcfg)
 
         video_id = try_get(
             data, lambda x: x['currentVideoEndpoint']['watchEndpoint']['videoId'],
@@ -4324,7 +4232,7 @@ def get_mobj(url):
         if video_id:
             if mobj['tab'] != '/live':  # live tab is expected to redirect to video
                 self.report_warning('Unable to recognize playlist. Downloading just video %s' % video_id)
-            return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
+            return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}', ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
 
         raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
 
@@ -4396,9 +4304,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
     def suitable(cls, url):
         if YoutubeTabIE.suitable(url):
             return False
-        # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
-        # (see #28780)
-        from .youtube import parse_qs
+        from ..utils import parse_qs
         qs = parse_qs(url)
         if qs.get('v', [None])[0]:
             return False
@@ -4444,7 +4350,7 @@ class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
+        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
         video_id = mobj.group('id')
         playlist_id = mobj.group('playlist_id')
         return self.url_result(
@@ -4499,11 +4405,10 @@ class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeTabIE):
     _SEARCH_PARAMS = None
     _TESTS = []
 
-    def _entries(self, query, n):
+    def _search_results(self, query):
         data = {'query': query}
         if self._SEARCH_PARAMS:
             data['params'] = self._SEARCH_PARAMS
-        total = 0
         continuation = {}
         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
             data.update(continuation)
@@ -4546,17 +4451,10 @@ def _entries(self, query, n):
                         continue
 
                     yield self._extract_video(video)
-                    total += 1
-                    if total == n:
-                        return
 
             if not continuation:
                 break
 
-    def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
-        """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
-        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(query, n), query, query)
-
 
 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
@@ -4587,7 +4485,7 @@ def _make_valid_url(cls):
         return cls._VALID_URL
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
-        qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
+        qs = parse_qs(url)
         query = (qs.get('search_query') or qs.get('q'))[0]
         self._SEARCH_PARAMS = qs.get('sp', ('',))[0]
         return self._get_n_results(query, self._MAX_RESULTS)
@@ -4714,6 +4612,16 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             expected=True)
 
 
+class YoutubeClipIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'youtube:clip'
+    IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/clip/'
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        self.report_warning('YouTube clips are not currently supported. The entire video will be downloaded instead')
+        return self.url_result(url, 'Generic')
+
+
 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list