]> jfr.im git - yt-dlp.git/blobdiff - yt_dlp/utils.py
Allow `--exec` to be run at any post-processing stage
[yt-dlp.git] / yt_dlp / utils.py
index 6737c1965e81b9d135f41a38cbf7c96921a2a772..f56129aa5fd92c611e5d63325ad945b823a957c0 100644 (file)
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@
 import errno
 import functools
 import gzip
-import imp
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import importlib.util
 import io
 import itertools
 import json
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@
 import traceback
 import xml.etree.ElementTree
 import zlib
+import mimetypes
 
 from .compat import (
     compat_HTMLParseError,
@@ -94,1589 +97,50 @@ def register_socks_protocols():
 def random_user_agent():
     _USER_AGENT_TPL = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/%s Safari/537.36'
     _CHROME_VERSIONS = (
-        '74.0.3729.129',
-        '76.0.3780.3',
-        '76.0.3780.2',
-        '74.0.3729.128',
-        '76.0.3780.1',
-        '76.0.3780.0',
-        '75.0.3770.15',
-        '74.0.3729.127',
-        '74.0.3729.126',
-        '76.0.3779.1',
-        '76.0.3779.0',
-        '75.0.3770.14',
-        '74.0.3729.125',
-        '76.0.3778.1',
-        '76.0.3778.0',
-        '75.0.3770.13',
-        '74.0.3729.124',
-        '74.0.3729.123',
-        '73.0.3683.121',
-        '76.0.3777.1',
-        '76.0.3777.0',
-        '75.0.3770.12',
-        '74.0.3729.122',
-        '76.0.3776.4',
-        '75.0.3770.11',
-        '74.0.3729.121',
-        '76.0.3776.3',
-        '76.0.3776.2',
-        '73.0.3683.120',
-        '74.0.3729.120',
-        '74.0.3729.119',
-        '74.0.3729.118',
-        '76.0.3776.1',
-        '76.0.3776.0',
-        '76.0.3775.5',
-        '75.0.3770.10',
-        '74.0.3729.117',
-        '76.0.3775.4',
-        '76.0.3775.3',
-        '74.0.3729.116',
-        '75.0.3770.9',
-        '76.0.3775.2',
-        '76.0.3775.1',
-        '76.0.3775.0',
-        '75.0.3770.8',
-        '74.0.3729.115',
-        '74.0.3729.114',
-        '76.0.3774.1',
-        '76.0.3774.0',
-        '75.0.3770.7',
-        '74.0.3729.113',
-        '74.0.3729.112',
-        '74.0.3729.111',
-        '76.0.3773.1',
-        '76.0.3773.0',
-        '75.0.3770.6',
-        '74.0.3729.110',
-        '74.0.3729.109',
-        '76.0.3772.1',
-        '76.0.3772.0',
-        '75.0.3770.5',
-        '74.0.3729.108',
-        '74.0.3729.107',
-        '76.0.3771.1',
-        '76.0.3771.0',
-        '75.0.3770.4',
-        '74.0.3729.106',
-        '74.0.3729.105',
-        '75.0.3770.3',
-        '74.0.3729.104',
-        '74.0.3729.103',
-        '74.0.3729.102',
-        '75.0.3770.2',
-        '74.0.3729.101',
-        '75.0.3770.1',
-        '75.0.3770.0',
-        '74.0.3729.100',
-        '75.0.3769.5',
-        '75.0.3769.4',
-        '74.0.3729.99',
-        '75.0.3769.3',
-        '75.0.3769.2',
-        '75.0.3768.6',
-        '74.0.3729.98',
-        '75.0.3769.1',
-        '75.0.3769.0',
-        '74.0.3729.97',
-        '73.0.3683.119',
-        '73.0.3683.118',
-        '74.0.3729.96',
-        '75.0.3768.5',
-        '75.0.3768.4',
-        '75.0.3768.3',
-        '75.0.3768.2',
-        '74.0.3729.95',
-        '74.0.3729.94',
-        '75.0.3768.1',
-        '75.0.3768.0',
-        '74.0.3729.93',
-        '74.0.3729.92',
-        '73.0.3683.117',
-        '74.0.3729.91',
-        '75.0.3766.3',
-        '74.0.3729.90',
-        '75.0.3767.2',
-        '75.0.3767.1',
-        '75.0.3767.0',
-        '74.0.3729.89',
-        '73.0.3683.116',
-        '75.0.3766.2',
-        '74.0.3729.88',
-        '75.0.3766.1',
-        '75.0.3766.0',
-        '74.0.3729.87',
-        '73.0.3683.115',
-        '74.0.3729.86',
-        '75.0.3765.1',
-        '75.0.3765.0',
-        '74.0.3729.85',
-        '73.0.3683.114',
-        '74.0.3729.84',
-        '75.0.3764.1',
-        '75.0.3764.0',
-        '74.0.3729.83',
-        '73.0.3683.113',
-        '75.0.3763.2',
-        '75.0.3761.4',
-        '74.0.3729.82',
-        '75.0.3763.1',
-        '75.0.3763.0',
-        '74.0.3729.81',
-        '73.0.3683.112',
-        '75.0.3762.1',
-        '75.0.3762.0',
-        '74.0.3729.80',
-        '75.0.3761.3',
-        '74.0.3729.79',
-        '73.0.3683.111',
-        '75.0.3761.2',
-        '74.0.3729.78',
-        '74.0.3729.77',
-        '75.0.3761.1',
-        '75.0.3761.0',
-        '73.0.3683.110',
-        '74.0.3729.76',
-        '74.0.3729.75',
-        '75.0.3760.0',
-        '74.0.3729.74',
-        '75.0.3759.8',
-        '75.0.3759.7',
-        '75.0.3759.6',
-        '74.0.3729.73',
-        '75.0.3759.5',
-        '74.0.3729.72',
-        '73.0.3683.109',
-        '75.0.3759.4',
-        '75.0.3759.3',
-        '74.0.3729.71',
-        '75.0.3759.2',
-        '74.0.3729.70',
-        '73.0.3683.108',
-        '74.0.3729.69',
-        '75.0.3759.1',
-        '75.0.3759.0',
-        '74.0.3729.68',
-        '73.0.3683.107',
-        '74.0.3729.67',
-        '75.0.3758.1',
-        '75.0.3758.0',
-        '74.0.3729.66',
-        '73.0.3683.106',
-        '74.0.3729.65',
-        '75.0.3757.1',
-        '75.0.3757.0',
-        '74.0.3729.64',
-        '73.0.3683.105',
-        '74.0.3729.63',
-        '75.0.3756.1',
-        '75.0.3756.0',
-        '74.0.3729.62',
-        '73.0.3683.104',
-        '75.0.3755.3',
-        '75.0.3755.2',
-        '73.0.3683.103',
-        '75.0.3755.1',
-        '75.0.3755.0',
-        '74.0.3729.61',
-        '73.0.3683.102',
-        '74.0.3729.60',
-        '75.0.3754.2',
-        '74.0.3729.59',
-        '75.0.3753.4',
-        '74.0.3729.58',
-        '75.0.3754.1',
-        '75.0.3754.0',
-        '74.0.3729.57',
-        '73.0.3683.101',
-        '75.0.3753.3',
-        '75.0.3752.2',
-        '75.0.3753.2',
-        '74.0.3729.56',
-        '75.0.3753.1',
-        '75.0.3753.0',
-        '74.0.3729.55',
-        '73.0.3683.100',
-        '74.0.3729.54',
-        '75.0.3752.1',
-        '75.0.3752.0',
-        '74.0.3729.53',
-        '73.0.3683.99',
-        '74.0.3729.52',
-        '75.0.3751.1',
-        '75.0.3751.0',
-        '74.0.3729.51',
-        '73.0.3683.98',
-        '74.0.3729.50',
-        '75.0.3750.0',
-        '74.0.3729.49',
-        '74.0.3729.48',
-        '74.0.3729.47',
-        '75.0.3749.3',
-        '74.0.3729.46',
-        '73.0.3683.97',
-        '75.0.3749.2',
-        '74.0.3729.45',
-        '75.0.3749.1',
-        '75.0.3749.0',
-        '74.0.3729.44',
-        '73.0.3683.96',
-        '74.0.3729.43',
-        '74.0.3729.42',
-        '75.0.3748.1',
-        '75.0.3748.0',
-        '74.0.3729.41',
-        '75.0.3747.1',
-        '73.0.3683.95',
-        '75.0.3746.4',
-        '74.0.3729.40',
-        '74.0.3729.39',
-        '75.0.3747.0',
-        '75.0.3746.3',
-        '75.0.3746.2',
-        '74.0.3729.38',
-        '75.0.3746.1',
-        '75.0.3746.0',
-        '74.0.3729.37',
-        '73.0.3683.94',
-        '75.0.3745.5',
-        '75.0.3745.4',
-        '75.0.3745.3',
-        '75.0.3745.2',
-        '74.0.3729.36',
-        '75.0.3745.1',
-        '75.0.3745.0',
-        '75.0.3744.2',
-        '74.0.3729.35',
-        '73.0.3683.93',
-        '74.0.3729.34',
-        '75.0.3744.1',
-        '75.0.3744.0',
-        '74.0.3729.33',
-        '73.0.3683.92',
-        '74.0.3729.32',
-        '74.0.3729.31',
-        '73.0.3683.91',
-        '75.0.3741.2',
-        '75.0.3740.5',
-        '74.0.3729.30',
-        '75.0.3741.1',
-        '75.0.3741.0',
-        '74.0.3729.29',
-        '75.0.3740.4',
-        '73.0.3683.90',
-        '74.0.3729.28',
-        '75.0.3740.3',
-        '73.0.3683.89',
-        '75.0.3740.2',
-        '74.0.3729.27',
-        '75.0.3740.1',
-        '75.0.3740.0',
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-        '73.0.3683.88',
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-        '74.0.3729.25',
-        '75.0.3739.1',
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-        '73.0.3683.86',
-        '74.0.3729.24',
-        '73.0.3683.85',
-        '75.0.3738.4',
-        '75.0.3738.3',
-        '75.0.3738.2',
-        '75.0.3738.1',
-        '75.0.3738.0',
-        '74.0.3729.23',
-        '73.0.3683.84',
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-        '73.0.3683.83',
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-        '75.0.3736.1',
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-        '75.0.3735.1',
-        '75.0.3735.0',
-        '74.0.3729.16',
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-        '75.0.3734.1',
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-        '73.0.3683.80',
-        '74.0.3729.14',
-        '75.0.3733.1',
-        '75.0.3733.0',
-        '75.0.3732.1',
-        '74.0.3729.13',
-        '74.0.3729.12',
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-        '75.0.3732.0',
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-        '73.0.3683.78',
-        '74.0.3729.9',
-        '74.0.3729.8',
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-        '75.0.3731.3',
-        '75.0.3731.2',
-        '75.0.3731.0',
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-        '73.0.3683.77',
-        '73.0.3683.76',
-        '75.0.3730.5',
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-        '73.0.3683.74',
-        '75.0.3730.3',
-        '75.0.3730.2',
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-        '74.0.3725.3',
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-        '74.0.3724.5',
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-        '74.0.3724.2',
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-        '74.0.3723.1',
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-        '74.0.3722.1',
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-        '74.0.3718.9',
-        '74.0.3702.3',
-        '74.0.3721.3',
-        '74.0.3721.2',
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-        '74.0.3720.3',
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-        '74.0.3720.2',
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-        '74.0.3718.6',
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-        '74.0.3704.5',
-        '74.0.3706.5',
-        '74.0.3706.4',
-        '74.0.3706.3',
-        '74.0.3706.2',
-        '74.0.3706.1',
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-        '73.0.3683.41',
-        '72.0.3626.112',
-        '74.0.3705.1',
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-        '69.0.3497.45',
-        '68.0.3440.116',
-        '70.0.3524.4',
-        '70.0.3524.3',
-        '69.0.3497.44',
-        '70.0.3524.2',
-        '70.0.3524.1',
-        '70.0.3524.0',
-        '70.0.3523.2',
-        '69.0.3497.43',
-        '68.0.3440.115',
-        '70.0.3505.9',
-        '69.0.3497.42',
-        '70.0.3505.8',
-        '70.0.3523.1',
-        '70.0.3523.0',
-        '69.0.3497.41',
-        '68.0.3440.114',
-        '70.0.3505.7',
-        '69.0.3497.40',
-        '70.0.3522.1',
-        '70.0.3522.0',
-        '70.0.3521.2',
-        '69.0.3497.39',
-        '68.0.3440.113',
-        '70.0.3505.6',
-        '70.0.3521.1',
-        '70.0.3521.0',
-        '69.0.3497.38',
-        '68.0.3440.112',
-        '70.0.3520.1',
-        '70.0.3520.0',
-        '69.0.3497.37',
-        '68.0.3440.111',
-        '70.0.3519.3',
-        '70.0.3519.2',
-        '70.0.3519.1',
-        '70.0.3519.0',
-        '69.0.3497.36',
-        '68.0.3440.110',
-        '70.0.3518.1',
-        '70.0.3518.0',
-        '69.0.3497.35',
-        '69.0.3497.34',
-        '68.0.3440.109',
-        '70.0.3517.1',
-        '70.0.3517.0',
-        '69.0.3497.33',
-        '68.0.3440.108',
-        '69.0.3497.32',
-        '70.0.3516.3',
-        '70.0.3516.2',
-        '70.0.3516.1',
-        '70.0.3516.0',
-        '69.0.3497.31',
-        '68.0.3440.107',
-        '70.0.3515.4',
-        '68.0.3440.106',
-        '70.0.3515.3',
-        '70.0.3515.2',
-        '70.0.3515.1',
-        '70.0.3515.0',
-        '69.0.3497.30',
-        '68.0.3440.105',
-        '68.0.3440.104',
-        '70.0.3514.2',
-        '70.0.3514.1',
-        '70.0.3514.0',
-        '69.0.3497.29',
-        '68.0.3440.103',
-        '70.0.3513.1',
-        '70.0.3513.0',
-        '69.0.3497.28',
+        '90.0.4430.212',
+        '90.0.4430.24',
+        '90.0.4430.70',
+        '90.0.4430.72',
+        '90.0.4430.85',
+        '90.0.4430.93',
+        '91.0.4472.101',
+        '91.0.4472.106',
+        '91.0.4472.114',
+        '91.0.4472.124',
+        '91.0.4472.164',
+        '91.0.4472.19',
+        '91.0.4472.77',
+        '92.0.4515.107',
+        '92.0.4515.115',
+        '92.0.4515.131',
+        '92.0.4515.159',
+        '92.0.4515.43',
+        '93.0.4556.0',
+        '93.0.4577.15',
+        '93.0.4577.63',
+        '93.0.4577.82',
+        '94.0.4606.41',
+        '94.0.4606.54',
+        '94.0.4606.61',
+        '94.0.4606.71',
+        '94.0.4606.81',
+        '94.0.4606.85',
+        '95.0.4638.17',
+        '95.0.4638.50',
+        '95.0.4638.54',
+        '95.0.4638.69',
+        '95.0.4638.74',
+        '96.0.4664.18',
+        '96.0.4664.45',
+        '96.0.4664.55',
+        '96.0.4664.93',
+        '97.0.4692.20',
     )
     return _USER_AGENT_TPL % random.choice(_CHROME_VERSIONS)
 
 
 std_headers = {
     'User-Agent': random_user_agent(),
-    'Accept-Charset': 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7',
     'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
     'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
     'Accept-Language': 'en-us,en;q=0.5',
@@ -1740,9 +204,13 @@ def random_user_agent():
     '%b %dth %Y %I:%M',
     '%Y %m %d',
     '%Y-%m-%d',
+    '%Y.%m.%d.',
     '%Y/%m/%d',
     '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M',
     '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S',
+    '%Y%m%d%H%M',
+    '%Y%m%d%H%M%S',
+    '%Y%m%d',
     '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M',
     '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
     '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f',
@@ -1759,6 +227,7 @@ def random_user_agent():
     '%b %d %Y at %H:%M:%S',
     '%B %d %Y at %H:%M',
     '%B %d %Y at %H:%M:%S',
+    '%H:%M %d-%b-%Y',
 )
 
 DATE_FORMATS_DAY_FIRST = list(DATE_FORMATS)
@@ -1836,7 +305,7 @@ def write_json_file(obj, fn):
 
     try:
         with tf:
-            json.dump(obj, tf, default=repr)
+            json.dump(obj, tf, ensure_ascii=False)
         if sys.platform == 'win32':
             # Need to remove existing file on Windows, else os.rename raises
             # WindowsError or FileExistsError.
@@ -2000,6 +469,23 @@ def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
         self.attrs = dict(attrs)
 
 
+class HTMLListAttrsParser(compat_HTMLParser):
+    """HTML parser to gather the attributes for the elements of a list"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        compat_HTMLParser.__init__(self)
+        self.items = []
+        self._level = 0
+
+    def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
+        if tag == 'li' and self._level == 0:
+            self.items.append(dict(attrs))
+        self._level += 1
+
+    def handle_endtag(self, tag):
+        self._level -= 1
+
+
 def extract_attributes(html_element):
     """Given a string for an HTML element such as
     <el
@@ -2026,6 +512,15 @@ def extract_attributes(html_element):
     return parser.attrs
 
 
+def parse_list(webpage):
+    """Given a string for an series of HTML <li> elements,
+    return a dictionary of their attributes"""
+    parser = HTMLListAttrsParser()
+    parser.feed(webpage)
+    parser.close()
+    return parser.items
+
+
 def clean_html(html):
     """Clean an HTML snippet into a readable string"""
 
@@ -2093,7 +588,9 @@ def sanitize_filename(s, restricted=False, is_id=False):
     def replace_insane(char):
         if restricted and char in ACCENT_CHARS:
             return ACCENT_CHARS[char]
-        if char == '?' or ord(char) < 32 or ord(char) == 127:
+        elif not restricted and char == '\n':
+            return ' '
+        elif char == '?' or ord(char) < 32 or ord(char) == 127:
             return ''
         elif char == '"':
             return '' if restricted else '\''
@@ -2107,6 +604,8 @@ def replace_insane(char):
             return '_'
         return char
 
+    if s == '':
+        return ''
     # Handle timestamps
     s = re.sub(r'[0-9]+(?::[0-9]+)+', lambda m: m.group(0).replace(':', '_'), s)
     result = ''.join(map(replace_insane, s))
@@ -2242,6 +741,17 @@ def unescapeHTML(s):
         r'&([^&;]+;)', lambda m: _htmlentity_transform(m.group(1)), s)
 
 
+def escapeHTML(text):
+    return (
+        text
+        .replace('&', '&amp;')
+        .replace('<', '&lt;')
+        .replace('>', '&gt;')
+        .replace('"', '&quot;')
+        .replace("'", '&#39;')
+    )
+
+
 def process_communicate_or_kill(p, *args, **kwargs):
     try:
         return p.communicate(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -2251,6 +761,20 @@ def process_communicate_or_kill(p, *args, **kwargs):
         raise
 
 
+class Popen(subprocess.Popen):
+    if sys.platform == 'win32':
+        _startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
+        _startupinfo.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
+    else:
+        _startupinfo = None
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(Popen, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs, startupinfo=self._startupinfo)
+
+    def communicate_or_kill(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return process_communicate_or_kill(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
 def get_subprocess_encoding():
     if sys.platform == 'win32' and sys.getwindowsversion()[0] >= 5:
         # For subprocess calls, encode with locale encoding
@@ -2321,38 +845,63 @@ def decodeOption(optval):
     return optval
 
 
-def formatSeconds(secs, delim=':'):
-    if secs > 3600:
-        return '%d%s%02d%s%02d' % (secs // 3600, delim, (secs % 3600) // 60, delim, secs % 60)
-    elif secs > 60:
-        return '%d%s%02d' % (secs // 60, delim, secs % 60)
+_timetuple = collections.namedtuple('Time', ('hours', 'minutes', 'seconds', 'milliseconds'))
+
+
+def timetuple_from_msec(msec):
+    secs, msec = divmod(msec, 1000)
+    mins, secs = divmod(secs, 60)
+    hrs, mins = divmod(mins, 60)
+    return _timetuple(hrs, mins, secs, msec)
+
+
+def formatSeconds(secs, delim=':', msec=False):
+    time = timetuple_from_msec(secs * 1000)
+    if time.hours:
+        ret = '%d%s%02d%s%02d' % (time.hours, delim, time.minutes, delim, time.seconds)
+    elif time.minutes:
+        ret = '%d%s%02d' % (time.minutes, delim, time.seconds)
     else:
-        return '%d' % secs
+        ret = '%d' % time.seconds
+    return '%s.%03d' % (ret, time.milliseconds) if msec else ret
 
 
-def make_HTTPS_handler(params, **kwargs):
-    opts_no_check_certificate = params.get('nocheckcertificate', False)
-    if hasattr(ssl, 'create_default_context'):  # Python >= 3.4 or 2.7.9
-        context = ssl.create_default_context(ssl.Purpose.SERVER_AUTH)
-        if opts_no_check_certificate:
-            context.check_hostname = False
-            context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
+def _ssl_load_windows_store_certs(ssl_context, storename):
+    # Code adapted from _load_windows_store_certs in https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Lib/ssl.py
+    try:
+        certs = [cert for cert, encoding, trust in ssl.enum_certificates(storename)
+                 if encoding == 'x509_asn' and (
+                     trust is True or ssl.Purpose.SERVER_AUTH.oid in trust)]
+    except PermissionError:
+        return
+    for cert in certs:
         try:
-            return YoutubeDLHTTPSHandler(params, context=context, **kwargs)
-        except TypeError:
-            # Python 2.7.8
-            # (create_default_context present but HTTPSHandler has no context=)
+            ssl_context.load_verify_locations(cadata=cert)
+        except ssl.SSLError:
             pass
 
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 2):
-        return YoutubeDLHTTPSHandler(params, **kwargs)
-    else:  # Python < 3.4
-        context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1)
-        context.verify_mode = (ssl.CERT_NONE
-                               if opts_no_check_certificate
-                               else ssl.CERT_REQUIRED)
-        context.set_default_verify_paths()
-        return YoutubeDLHTTPSHandler(params, context=context, **kwargs)
+
+def make_HTTPS_handler(params, **kwargs):
+    opts_check_certificate = not params.get('nocheckcertificate')
+    context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT)
+    context.check_hostname = opts_check_certificate
+    context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if opts_check_certificate else ssl.CERT_NONE
+    if opts_check_certificate:
+        try:
+            context.load_default_certs()
+            # Work around the issue in load_default_certs when there are bad certificates. See:
+            # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1060,
+            # https://bugs.python.org/issue35665, https://bugs.python.org/issue45312
+        except ssl.SSLError:
+            # enum_certificates is not present in mingw python. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/1151
+            if sys.platform == 'win32' and hasattr(ssl, 'enum_certificates'):
+                # Create a new context to discard any certificates that were already loaded
+                context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT)
+                context.check_hostname, context.verify_mode = True, ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+                for storename in ('CA', 'ROOT'):
+                    _ssl_load_windows_store_certs(context, storename)
+            context.set_default_verify_paths()
+    return YoutubeDLHTTPSHandler(params, context=context, **kwargs)
 
 
 def bug_reports_message(before=';'):
@@ -2373,7 +922,14 @@ def bug_reports_message(before=';'):
 
 class YoutubeDLError(Exception):
     """Base exception for YoutubeDL errors."""
-    pass
+    msg = None
+
+    def __init__(self, msg=None):
+        if msg is not None:
+            self.msg = msg
+        elif self.msg is None:
+            self.msg = type(self).__name__
+        super().__init__(self.msg)
 
 
 network_exceptions = [compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error]
@@ -2385,25 +941,27 @@ class YoutubeDLError(Exception):
 class ExtractorError(YoutubeDLError):
     """Error during info extraction."""
 
-    def __init__(self, msg, tb=None, expected=False, cause=None, video_id=None):
+    def __init__(self, msg, tb=None, expected=False, cause=None, video_id=None, ie=None):
         """ tb, if given, is the original traceback (so that it can be printed out).
         If expected is set, this is a normal error message and most likely not a bug in yt-dlp.
         """
-
         if sys.exc_info()[0] in network_exceptions:
             expected = True
-        if video_id is not None:
-            msg = video_id + ': ' + msg
-        if cause:
-            msg += ' (caused by %r)' % cause
-        if not expected:
-            msg += bug_reports_message()
-        super(ExtractorError, self).__init__(msg)
 
+        self.msg = str(msg)
         self.traceback = tb
-        self.exc_info = sys.exc_info()  # preserve original exception
+        self.expected = expected
         self.cause = cause
         self.video_id = video_id
+        self.ie = ie
+        self.exc_info = sys.exc_info()  # preserve original exception
+
+        super(ExtractorError, self).__init__(''.join((
+            format_field(ie, template='[%s] '),
+            format_field(video_id, template='%s: '),
+            self.msg,
+            format_field(cause, template=' (caused by %r)'),
+            '' if expected else bug_reports_message())))
 
     def format_traceback(self):
         if self.traceback is None:
@@ -2430,9 +988,9 @@ class GeoRestrictedError(ExtractorError):
     geographic location due to geographic restrictions imposed by a website.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, msg, countries=None):
-        super(GeoRestrictedError, self).__init__(msg, expected=True)
-        self.msg = msg
+    def __init__(self, msg, countries=None, **kwargs):
+        kwargs['expected'] = True
+        super(GeoRestrictedError, self).__init__(msg, **kwargs)
         self.countries = countries
 
 
@@ -2456,7 +1014,7 @@ class EntryNotInPlaylist(YoutubeDLError):
     This exception will be thrown by YoutubeDL when a requested entry
     is not found in the playlist info_dict
     """
-    pass
+    msg = 'Entry not found in info'
 
 
 class SameFileError(YoutubeDLError):
@@ -2465,7 +1023,12 @@ class SameFileError(YoutubeDLError):
     This exception will be thrown by FileDownloader objects if they detect
     multiple files would have to be downloaded to the same file on disk.
     """
-    pass
+    msg = 'Fixed output name but more than one file to download'
+
+    def __init__(self, filename=None):
+        if filename is not None:
+            self.msg += f': {filename}'
+        super().__init__(self.msg)
 
 
 class PostProcessingError(YoutubeDLError):
@@ -2475,24 +1038,41 @@ class PostProcessingError(YoutubeDLError):
     indicate an error in the postprocessing task.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, msg):
-        super(PostProcessingError, self).__init__(msg)
-        self.msg = msg
 
+class DownloadCancelled(YoutubeDLError):
+    """ Exception raised when the download queue should be interrupted """
+    msg = 'The download was cancelled'
 
-class ExistingVideoReached(YoutubeDLError):
-    """ --max-downloads limit has been reached. """
-    pass
 
+class ExistingVideoReached(DownloadCancelled):
+    """ --break-on-existing triggered """
+    msg = 'Encountered a video that is already in the archive, stopping due to --break-on-existing'
 
-class RejectedVideoReached(YoutubeDLError):
-    """ --max-downloads limit has been reached. """
-    pass
+
+class RejectedVideoReached(DownloadCancelled):
+    """ --break-on-reject triggered """
+    msg = 'Encountered a video that did not match filter, stopping due to --break-on-reject'
 
 
-class MaxDownloadsReached(YoutubeDLError):
+class MaxDownloadsReached(DownloadCancelled):
     """ --max-downloads limit has been reached. """
-    pass
+    msg = 'Maximum number of downloads reached, stopping due to --max-downloads'
+
+
+class ReExtractInfo(YoutubeDLError):
+    """ Video info needs to be re-extracted. """
+
+    def __init__(self, msg, expected=False):
+        super().__init__(msg)
+        self.expected = expected
+
+
+class ThrottledDownload(ReExtractInfo):
+    """ Download speed below --throttled-rate. """
+    msg = 'The download speed is below throttle limit'
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(self.msg, expected=False)
 
 
 class UnavailableVideoError(YoutubeDLError):
@@ -2501,7 +1081,12 @@ class UnavailableVideoError(YoutubeDLError):
     This exception will be thrown when a video is requested
     in a format that is not available for that video.
     """
-    pass
+    msg = 'Unable to download video'
+
+    def __init__(self, err=None):
+        if err is not None:
+            self.msg += f': {err}'
+        super().__init__(self.msg)
 
 
 class ContentTooShortError(YoutubeDLError):
@@ -3010,8 +1595,16 @@ def redirect_request(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers, newurl):
 
 def extract_timezone(date_str):
     m = re.search(
-        r'^.{8,}?(?P<tz>Z$| ?(?P<sign>\+|-)(?P<hours>[0-9]{2}):?(?P<minutes>[0-9]{2})$)',
-        date_str)
+        r'''(?x)
+            ^.{8,}?                                              # >=8 char non-TZ prefix, if present
+            (?P<tz>Z|                                            # just the UTC Z, or
+                (?:(?<=.\b\d{4}|\b\d{2}:\d\d)|                   # preceded by 4 digits or hh:mm or
+                   (?<!.\b[a-zA-Z]{3}|[a-zA-Z]{4}|..\b\d\d))     # not preceded by 3 alpha word or >= 4 alpha or 2 digits
+                   [ ]?                                          # optional space
+                (?P<sign>\+|-)                                   # +/-
+                (?P<hours>[0-9]{2}):?(?P<minutes>[0-9]{2})       # hh[:]mm
+            $)
+        ''', date_str)
     if not m:
         timezone = datetime.timedelta()
     else:
@@ -3257,12 +1850,19 @@ def platform_name():
     return res
 
 
+def get_windows_version():
+    ''' Get Windows version. None if it's not running on Windows '''
+    if compat_os_name == 'nt':
+        return version_tuple(platform.win32_ver()[1])
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
 def _windows_write_string(s, out):
     """ Returns True if the string was written using special methods,
     False if it has yet to be written out."""
     # Adapted from http://stackoverflow.com/a/3259271/35070
 
-    import ctypes
     import ctypes.wintypes
 
     WIN_OUTPUT_IDS = {
@@ -3510,18 +2110,21 @@ def unsmuggle_url(smug_url, default=None):
     return url, data
 
 
+def format_decimal_suffix(num, fmt='%d%s', *, factor=1000):
+    """ Formats numbers with decimal sufixes like K, M, etc """
+    num, factor = float_or_none(num), float(factor)
+    if num is None:
+        return None
+    exponent = 0 if num == 0 else int(math.log(num, factor))
+    suffix = ['', *'kMGTPEZY'][exponent]
+    if factor == 1024:
+        suffix = {'k': 'Ki', '': ''}.get(suffix, f'{suffix}i')
+    converted = num / (factor ** exponent)
+    return fmt % (converted, suffix)
+
+
 def format_bytes(bytes):
-    if bytes is None:
-        return 'N/A'
-    if type(bytes) is str:
-        bytes = float(bytes)
-    if bytes == 0.0:
-        exponent = 0
-    else:
-        exponent = int(math.log(bytes, 1024.0))
-    suffix = ['B', 'KiB', 'MiB', 'GiB', 'TiB', 'PiB', 'EiB', 'ZiB', 'YiB'][exponent]
-    converted = float(bytes) / float(1024 ** exponent)
-    return '%.2f%s' % (converted, suffix)
+    return format_decimal_suffix(bytes, '%.2f%sB', factor=1024) or 'N/A'
 
 
 def lookup_unit_table(unit_table, s):
@@ -3610,7 +2213,7 @@ def parse_count(s):
     if s is None:
         return None
 
-    s = s.strip()
+    s = re.sub(r'^[^\d]+\s', '', s).strip()
 
     if re.match(r'^[\d,.]+$', s):
         return str_to_int(s)
@@ -3622,23 +2225,31 @@ def parse_count(s):
         'M': 1000 ** 2,
         'kk': 1000 ** 2,
         'KK': 1000 ** 2,
+        'b': 1000 ** 3,
+        'B': 1000 ** 3,
     }
 
-    return lookup_unit_table(_UNIT_TABLE, s)
+    ret = lookup_unit_table(_UNIT_TABLE, s)
+    if ret is not None:
+        return ret
+
+    mobj = re.match(r'([\d,.]+)(?:$|\s)', s)
+    if mobj:
+        return str_to_int(mobj.group(1))
 
 
 def parse_resolution(s):
     if s is None:
         return {}
 
-    mobj = re.search(r'\b(?P<w>\d+)\s*[xX×]\s*(?P<h>\d+)\b', s)
+    mobj = re.search(r'(?<![a-zA-Z0-9])(?P<w>\d+)\s*[xX×,]\s*(?P<h>\d+)(?![a-zA-Z0-9])', s)
     if mobj:
         return {
             'width': int(mobj.group('w')),
             'height': int(mobj.group('h')),
         }
 
-    mobj = re.search(r'\b(\d+)[pPiI]\b', s)
+    mobj = re.search(r'(?<![a-zA-Z0-9])(\d+)[pPiI](?![a-zA-Z0-9])', s)
     if mobj:
         return {'height': int(mobj.group(1))}
 
@@ -3778,7 +2389,7 @@ def int_or_none(v, scale=1, default=None, get_attr=None, invscale=1):
         return default
     try:
         return int(v) * invscale // scale
-    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+    except (ValueError, TypeError, OverflowError):
         return default
 
 
@@ -3834,8 +2445,9 @@ def strftime_or_none(timestamp, date_format, default=None):
 def parse_duration(s):
     if not isinstance(s, compat_basestring):
         return None
-
     s = s.strip()
+    if not s:
+        return None
 
     days, hours, mins, secs, ms = [None] * 5
     m = re.match(r'(?:(?:(?:(?P<days>[0-9]+):)?(?P<hours>[0-9]+):)?(?P<mins>[0-9]+):)?(?P<secs>[0-9]+)(?P<ms>\.[0-9]+)?Z?$', s)
@@ -3908,30 +2520,25 @@ def check_executable(exe, args=[]):
     """ Checks if the given binary is installed somewhere in PATH, and returns its name.
     args can be a list of arguments for a short output (like -version) """
     try:
-        process_communicate_or_kill(subprocess.Popen(
-            [exe] + args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE))
+        Popen([exe] + args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate_or_kill()
     except OSError:
         return False
     return exe
 
 
-def get_exe_version(exe, args=['--version'],
-                    version_re=None, unrecognized='present'):
-    """ Returns the version of the specified executable,
-    or False if the executable is not present """
+def _get_exe_version_output(exe, args):
     try:
         # STDIN should be redirected too. On UNIX-like systems, ffmpeg triggers
         # SIGTTOU if yt-dlp is run in the background.
         # See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/955#issuecomment-209789656
-        out, _ = process_communicate_or_kill(subprocess.Popen(
-            [encodeArgument(exe)] + args,
-            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
-            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT))
+        out, _ = Popen(
+            [encodeArgument(exe)] + args, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT).communicate_or_kill()
     except OSError:
         return False
     if isinstance(out, bytes):  # Python 2.x
         out = out.decode('ascii', 'ignore')
-    return detect_exe_version(out, version_re, unrecognized)
+    return out
 
 
 def detect_exe_version(output, version_re=None, unrecognized='present'):
@@ -3945,108 +2552,164 @@ def detect_exe_version(output, version_re=None, unrecognized='present'):
         return unrecognized
 
 
-class LazyList(collections.Sequence):
+def get_exe_version(exe, args=['--version'],
+                    version_re=None, unrecognized='present'):
+    """ Returns the version of the specified executable,
+    or False if the executable is not present """
+    out = _get_exe_version_output(exe, args)
+    return detect_exe_version(out, version_re, unrecognized) if out else False
+
+
+class LazyList(collections.abc.Sequence):
     ''' Lazy immutable list from an iterable
     Note that slices of a LazyList are lists and not LazyList'''
 
-    def __init__(self, iterable):
+    class IndexError(IndexError):
+        pass
+
+    def __init__(self, iterable, *, reverse=False, _cache=None):
         self.__iterable = iter(iterable)
-        self.__cache = []
+        self.__cache = [] if _cache is None else _cache
+        self.__reversed = reverse
 
     def __iter__(self):
-        for item in self.__cache:
-            yield item
+        if self.__reversed:
+            # We need to consume the entire iterable to iterate in reverse
+            yield from self.exhaust()
+            return
+        yield from self.__cache
         for item in self.__iterable:
             self.__cache.append(item)
             yield item
 
+    def __exhaust(self):
+        self.__cache.extend(self.__iterable)
+        # Discard the emptied iterable to make it pickle-able
+        self.__iterable = []
+        return self.__cache
+
     def exhaust(self):
         ''' Evaluate the entire iterable '''
-        self.__cache.extend(self.__iterable)
+        return self.__exhaust()[::-1 if self.__reversed else 1]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __reverse_index(x):
+        return None if x is None else -(x + 1)
 
     def __getitem__(self, idx):
         if isinstance(idx, slice):
-            step = idx.step or 1
-            start = idx.start if idx.start is not None else 1 if step > 0 else -1
-            stop = idx.stop if idx.stop is not None else -1 if step > 0 else 0
+            if self.__reversed:
+                idx = slice(self.__reverse_index(idx.start), self.__reverse_index(idx.stop), -(idx.step or 1))
+            start, stop, step = idx.start, idx.stop, idx.step or 1
         elif isinstance(idx, int):
-            start = stop = idx
+            if self.__reversed:
+                idx = self.__reverse_index(idx)
+            start, stop, step = idx, idx, 0
         else:
             raise TypeError('indices must be integers or slices')
-        if start < 0 or stop < 0:
+        if ((start or 0) < 0 or (stop or 0) < 0
+                or (start is None and step < 0)
+                or (stop is None and step > 0)):
             # We need to consume the entire iterable to be able to slice from the end
             # Obviously, never use this with infinite iterables
-            self.exhaust()
-        else:
-            n = max(start, stop) - len(self.__cache) + 1
-            if n > 0:
-                self.__cache.extend(itertools.islice(self.__iterable, n))
-        return self.__cache[idx]
+            self.__exhaust()
+            try:
+                return self.__cache[idx]
+            except IndexError as e:
+                raise self.IndexError(e) from e
+        n = max(start or 0, stop or 0) - len(self.__cache) + 1
+        if n > 0:
+            self.__cache.extend(itertools.islice(self.__iterable, n))
+        try:
+            return self.__cache[idx]
+        except IndexError as e:
+            raise self.IndexError(e) from e
 
     def __bool__(self):
         try:
-            self[0]
-        except IndexError:
+            self[-1] if self.__reversed else self[0]
+        except self.IndexError:
             return False
         return True
 
     def __len__(self):
-        self.exhaust()
+        self.__exhaust()
         return len(self.__cache)
 
+    def __reversed__(self):
+        return type(self)(self.__iterable, reverse=not self.__reversed, _cache=self.__cache)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return type(self)(self.__iterable, reverse=self.__reversed, _cache=self.__cache)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        # repr and str should mimic a list. So we exhaust the iterable
+        return repr(self.exhaust())
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return repr(self.exhaust())
+
+
+class PagedList:
+
+    class IndexError(IndexError):
+        pass
 
-class PagedList(object):
     def __len__(self):
         # This is only useful for tests
         return len(self.getslice())
 
-    def getslice(self, start, end):
+    def __init__(self, pagefunc, pagesize, use_cache=True):
+        self._pagefunc = pagefunc
+        self._pagesize = pagesize
+        self._use_cache = use_cache
+        self._cache = {}
+
+    def getpage(self, pagenum):
+        page_results = self._cache.get(pagenum)
+        if page_results is None:
+            page_results = list(self._pagefunc(pagenum))
+        if self._use_cache:
+            self._cache[pagenum] = page_results
+        return page_results
+
+    def getslice(self, start=0, end=None):
+        return list(self._getslice(start, end))
+
+    def _getslice(self, start, end):
         raise NotImplementedError('This method must be implemented by subclasses')
 
     def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        # NOTE: cache must be enabled if this is used
         if not isinstance(idx, int) or idx < 0:
             raise TypeError('indices must be non-negative integers')
         entries = self.getslice(idx, idx + 1)
-        return entries[0] if entries else None
+        if not entries:
+            raise self.IndexError()
+        return entries[0]
 
 
 class OnDemandPagedList(PagedList):
-    def __init__(self, pagefunc, pagesize, use_cache=True):
-        self._pagefunc = pagefunc
-        self._pagesize = pagesize
-        self._use_cache = use_cache
-        if use_cache:
-            self._cache = {}
-
-    def getslice(self, start=0, end=None):
-        res = []
+    def _getslice(self, start, end):
         for pagenum in itertools.count(start // self._pagesize):
             firstid = pagenum * self._pagesize
             nextfirstid = pagenum * self._pagesize + self._pagesize
             if start >= nextfirstid:
                 continue
 
-            page_results = None
-            if self._use_cache:
-                page_results = self._cache.get(pagenum)
-            if page_results is None:
-                page_results = list(self._pagefunc(pagenum))
-            if self._use_cache:
-                self._cache[pagenum] = page_results
-
             startv = (
                 start % self._pagesize
                 if firstid <= start < nextfirstid
                 else 0)
-
             endv = (
                 ((end - 1) % self._pagesize) + 1
                 if (end is not None and firstid <= end <= nextfirstid)
                 else None)
 
+            page_results = self.getpage(pagenum)
             if startv != 0 or endv is not None:
                 page_results = page_results[startv:endv]
-            res.extend(page_results)
+            yield from page_results
 
             # A little optimization - if current page is not "full", ie. does
             # not contain page_size videos then we can assume that this page
@@ -4059,36 +2722,31 @@ def getslice(self, start=0, end=None):
             # break out early as well
             if end == nextfirstid:
                 break
-        return res
 
 
 class InAdvancePagedList(PagedList):
     def __init__(self, pagefunc, pagecount, pagesize):
-        self._pagefunc = pagefunc
         self._pagecount = pagecount
-        self._pagesize = pagesize
+        PagedList.__init__(self, pagefunc, pagesize, True)
 
-    def getslice(self, start=0, end=None):
-        res = []
+    def _getslice(self, start, end):
         start_page = start // self._pagesize
         end_page = (
             self._pagecount if end is None else (end // self._pagesize + 1))
         skip_elems = start - start_page * self._pagesize
         only_more = None if end is None else end - start
         for pagenum in range(start_page, end_page):
-            page = list(self._pagefunc(pagenum))
+            page_results = self.getpage(pagenum)
             if skip_elems:
-                page = page[skip_elems:]
+                page_results = page_results[skip_elems:]
                 skip_elems = None
             if only_more is not None:
-                if len(page) < only_more:
-                    only_more -= len(page)
+                if len(page_results) < only_more:
+                    only_more -= len(page_results)
                 else:
-                    page = page[:only_more]
-                    res.extend(page)
+                    yield from page_results[:only_more]
                     break
-            res.extend(page)
-        return res
+            yield from page_results
 
 
 def uppercase_escape(s):
@@ -4126,6 +2784,10 @@ def escape_url(url):
     ).geturl()
 
 
+def parse_qs(url):
+    return compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
+
+
 def read_batch_urls(batch_fd):
     def fixup(url):
         if not isinstance(url, compat_str):
@@ -4242,9 +2904,7 @@ def dict_get(d, key_or_keys, default=None, skip_false_values=True):
 
 
 def try_get(src, getter, expected_type=None):
-    if not isinstance(getter, (list, tuple)):
-        getter = [getter]
-    for get in getter:
+    for get in variadic(getter):
         try:
             v = get(src)
         except (AttributeError, KeyError, TypeError, IndexError):
@@ -4320,7 +2980,7 @@ def strip_jsonp(code):
 
 def js_to_json(code, vars={}):
     # vars is a dict of var, val pairs to substitute
-    COMMENT_RE = r'/\*(?:(?!\*/).)*?\*/|//[^\n]*'
+    COMMENT_RE = r'/\*(?:(?!\*/).)*?\*/|//[^\n]*\n'
     SKIP_RE = r'\s*(?:{comment})?\s*'.format(comment=COMMENT_RE)
     INTEGER_TABLE = (
         (r'(?s)^(0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+){skip}:?$'.format(skip=SKIP_RE), 16),
@@ -4331,6 +2991,8 @@ def fix_kv(m):
         v = m.group(0)
         if v in ('true', 'false', 'null'):
             return v
+        elif v in ('undefined', 'void 0'):
+            return 'null'
         elif v.startswith('/*') or v.startswith('//') or v.startswith('!') or v == ',':
             return ""
 
@@ -4357,7 +3019,7 @@ def fix_kv(m):
         "(?:[^"\\]*(?:\\\\|\\['"nurtbfx/\n]))*[^"\\]*"|
         '(?:[^'\\]*(?:\\\\|\\['"nurtbfx/\n]))*[^'\\]*'|
         {comment}|,(?={skip}[\]}}])|
-        (?:(?<![0-9])[eE]|[a-df-zA-DF-Z_])[.a-zA-Z_0-9]*|
+        void\s0|(?:(?<![0-9])[eE]|[a-df-zA-DF-Z_$])[.a-zA-Z_$0-9]*|
         \b(?:0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+|0+[0-7]+)(?:{skip}:)?|
         [0-9]+(?={skip}:)|
         !+
@@ -4374,6 +3036,9 @@ def q(qid):
     return q
 
 
+POSTPROCESS_WHEN = {'pre_process', 'before_dl', 'after_move', 'post_process'}
+
+
 DEFAULT_OUTTMPL = {
     'default': '%(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s',
     'chapter': '%(title)s - %(section_number)03d %(section_title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s',
@@ -4385,6 +3050,7 @@ def q(qid):
     'description': 'description',
     'annotation': 'annotations.xml',
     'infojson': 'info.json',
+    'link': None,
     'pl_thumbnail': None,
     'pl_description': 'description',
     'pl_infojson': 'info.json',
@@ -4393,20 +3059,23 @@ def q(qid):
 # As of [1] format syntax is:
 #  %[mapping_key][conversion_flags][minimum_width][.precision][length_modifier]type
 # 1. https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting
-STR_FORMAT_RE = r'''(?x)
-    (?<!%)
+STR_FORMAT_RE_TMPL = r'''(?x)
+    (?<!%)(?P<prefix>(?:%%)*)
     %
-    (?P<has_key>\((?P<key>{0})\))?  # mapping key
+    (?P<has_key>\((?P<key>{0})\))?
     (?P<format>
-        (?:[#0\-+ ]+)?  # conversion flags (optional)
-        (?:\d+)?  # minimum field width (optional)
-        (?:\.\d+)?  # precision (optional)
-        [hlL]?  # length modifier (optional)
-        [diouxXeEfFgGcrs]  # conversion type
+        (?P<conversion>[#0\-+ ]+)?
+        (?P<min_width>\d+)?
+        (?P<precision>\.\d+)?
+        (?P<len_mod>[hlL])?  # unused in python
+        {1}  # conversion type
     )
 '''
 
 
+STR_FORMAT_TYPES = 'diouxXeEfFgGcrs'
+
+
 def limit_length(s, length):
     """ Add ellipses to overly long strings """
     if s is None:
@@ -4432,11 +3101,10 @@ def is_outdated_version(version, limit, assume_new=True):
 
 def ytdl_is_updateable():
     """ Returns if yt-dlp can be updated with -U """
-    return False
 
-    from zipimport import zipimporter
+    from .update import is_non_updateable
 
-    return isinstance(globals().get('__loader__'), zipimporter) or hasattr(sys, 'frozen')
+    return not is_non_updateable()
 
 
 def args_to_str(args):
@@ -4457,20 +3125,24 @@ def mimetype2ext(mt):
     if mt is None:
         return None
 
-    ext = {
+    mt, _, params = mt.partition(';')
+    mt = mt.strip()
+
+    FULL_MAP = {
         'audio/mp4': 'm4a',
         # Per RFC 3003, audio/mpeg can be .mp1, .mp2 or .mp3. Here use .mp3 as
         # it's the most popular one
         'audio/mpeg': 'mp3',
         'audio/x-wav': 'wav',
-    }.get(mt)
+        'audio/wav': 'wav',
+        'audio/wave': 'wav',
+    }
+
+    ext = FULL_MAP.get(mt)
     if ext is not None:
         return ext
 
-    _, _, res = mt.rpartition('/')
-    res = res.split(';')[0].strip().lower()
-
-    return {
+    SUBTYPE_MAP = {
         '3gpp': '3gp',
         'smptett+xml': 'tt',
         'ttaf+xml': 'dfxp',
@@ -4489,7 +3161,36 @@ def mimetype2ext(mt):
         'quicktime': 'mov',
         'mp2t': 'ts',
         'x-wav': 'wav',
-    }.get(res, res)
+        'filmstrip+json': 'fs',
+        'svg+xml': 'svg',
+    }
+
+    _, _, subtype = mt.rpartition('/')
+    ext = SUBTYPE_MAP.get(subtype.lower())
+    if ext is not None:
+        return ext
+
+    SUFFIX_MAP = {
+        'json': 'json',
+        'xml': 'xml',
+        'zip': 'zip',
+        'gzip': 'gz',
+    }
+
+    _, _, suffix = subtype.partition('+')
+    ext = SUFFIX_MAP.get(suffix)
+    if ext is not None:
+        return ext
+
+    return subtype.replace('+', '.')
+
+
+def ext2mimetype(ext_or_url):
+    if not ext_or_url:
+        return None
+    if '.' not in ext_or_url:
+        ext_or_url = f'file.{ext_or_url}'
+    return mimetypes.guess_type(ext_or_url)[0]
 
 
 def parse_codecs(codecs_str):
@@ -4497,28 +3198,40 @@ def parse_codecs(codecs_str):
     if not codecs_str:
         return {}
     split_codecs = list(filter(None, map(
-        lambda str: str.strip(), codecs_str.strip().strip(',').split(','))))
-    vcodec, acodec = None, None
+        str.strip, codecs_str.strip().strip(',').split(','))))
+    vcodec, acodec, tcodec, hdr = None, None, None, None
     for full_codec in split_codecs:
-        codec = full_codec.split('.')[0]
-        if codec in ('avc1', 'avc2', 'avc3', 'avc4', 'vp9', 'vp8', 'hev1', 'hev2', 'h263', 'h264', 'mp4v', 'hvc1', 'av01', 'theora'):
+        parts = full_codec.split('.')
+        codec = parts[0].replace('0', '')
+        if codec in ('avc1', 'avc2', 'avc3', 'avc4', 'vp9', 'vp8', 'hev1', 'hev2',
+                     'h263', 'h264', 'mp4v', 'hvc1', 'av1', 'theora', 'dvh1', 'dvhe'):
             if not vcodec:
-                vcodec = full_codec
-        elif codec in ('mp4a', 'opus', 'vorbis', 'mp3', 'aac', 'ac-3', 'ec-3', 'eac3', 'dtsc', 'dtse', 'dtsh', 'dtsl'):
+                vcodec = '.'.join(parts[:4]) if codec in ('vp9', 'av1', 'hvc1') else full_codec
+                if codec in ('dvh1', 'dvhe'):
+                    hdr = 'DV'
+                elif codec == 'av1' and len(parts) > 3 and parts[3] == '10':
+                    hdr = 'HDR10'
+                elif full_codec.replace('0', '').startswith('vp9.2'):
+                    hdr = 'HDR10'
+        elif codec in ('flac', 'mp4a', 'opus', 'vorbis', 'mp3', 'aac', 'ac-3', 'ec-3', 'eac3', 'dtsc', 'dtse', 'dtsh', 'dtsl'):
             if not acodec:
                 acodec = full_codec
+        elif codec in ('stpp', 'wvtt',):
+            if not tcodec:
+                tcodec = full_codec
         else:
             write_string('WARNING: Unknown codec %s\n' % full_codec, sys.stderr)
-    if not vcodec and not acodec:
-        if len(split_codecs) == 2:
-            return {
-                'vcodec': split_codecs[0],
-                'acodec': split_codecs[1],
-            }
-    else:
+    if vcodec or acodec or tcodec:
         return {
             'vcodec': vcodec or 'none',
             'acodec': acodec or 'none',
+            'dynamic_range': hdr,
+            **({'tcodec': tcodec} if tcodec is not None else {}),
+        }
+    elif len(split_codecs) == 2:
+        return {
+            'vcodec': split_codecs[0],
+            'acodec': split_codecs[1],
         }
     return {}
 
@@ -4576,7 +3289,7 @@ def determine_protocol(info_dict):
     if protocol is not None:
         return protocol
 
-    url = info_dict['url']
+    url = sanitize_url(info_dict['url'])
     if url.startswith('rtmp'):
         return 'rtmp'
     elif url.startswith('mms'):
@@ -4593,80 +3306,96 @@ def determine_protocol(info_dict):
     return compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).scheme
 
 
-def render_table(header_row, data, delim=False, extraGap=0, hideEmpty=False):
-    """ Render a list of rows, each as a list of values """
+def render_table(header_row, data, delim=False, extra_gap=0, hide_empty=False):
+    """ Render a list of rows, each as a list of values.
+    Text after a \t will be right aligned """
+    def width(string):
+        return len(remove_terminal_sequences(string).replace('\t', ''))
 
     def get_max_lens(table):
-        return [max(len(compat_str(v)) for v in col) for col in zip(*table)]
+        return [max(width(str(v)) for v in col) for col in zip(*table)]
 
     def filter_using_list(row, filterArray):
         return [col for (take, col) in zip(filterArray, row) if take]
 
-    if hideEmpty:
+    if hide_empty:
         max_lens = get_max_lens(data)
         header_row = filter_using_list(header_row, max_lens)
         data = [filter_using_list(row, max_lens) for row in data]
 
     table = [header_row] + data
     max_lens = get_max_lens(table)
+    extra_gap += 1
     if delim:
-        table = [header_row] + [['-' * ml for ml in max_lens]] + data
-    format_str = ' '.join('%-' + compat_str(ml + extraGap) + 's' for ml in max_lens[:-1]) + ' %s'
-    return '\n'.join(format_str % tuple(row) for row in table)
+        table = [header_row, [delim * (ml + extra_gap) for ml in max_lens]] + data
+        table[1][-1] = table[1][-1][:-extra_gap]  # Remove extra_gap from end of delimiter
+    for row in table:
+        for pos, text in enumerate(map(str, row)):
+            if '\t' in text:
+                row[pos] = text.replace('\t', ' ' * (max_lens[pos] - width(text))) + ' ' * extra_gap
+            else:
+                row[pos] = text + ' ' * (max_lens[pos] - width(text) + extra_gap)
+    ret = '\n'.join(''.join(row).rstrip() for row in table)
+    return ret
 
 
-def _match_one(filter_part, dct):
+def _match_one(filter_part, dct, incomplete):
+    # TODO: Generalize code with YoutubeDL._build_format_filter
+    STRING_OPERATORS = {
+        '*=': operator.contains,
+        '^=': lambda attr, value: attr.startswith(value),
+        '$=': lambda attr, value: attr.endswith(value),
+        '~=': lambda attr, value: re.search(value, attr),
+    }
     COMPARISON_OPERATORS = {
+        **STRING_OPERATORS,
+        '<=': operator.le,  # "<=" must be defined above "<"
         '<': operator.lt,
-        '<=': operator.le,
-        '>': operator.gt,
         '>=': operator.ge,
+        '>': operator.gt,
         '=': operator.eq,
-        '!=': operator.ne,
     }
+
     operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*
         (?P<key>[a-z_]+)
-        \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?\s*
+        \s*(?P<negation>!\s*)?(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?\s*
         (?:
-            (?P<intval>[0-9.]+(?:[kKmMgGtTpPeEzZyY]i?[Bb]?)?)|
-            (?P<quote>["\'])(?P<quotedstrval>(?:\\.|(?!(?P=quote)|\\).)+?)(?P=quote)|
-            (?P<strval>(?![0-9.])[a-z0-9A-Z]*)
+            (?P<quote>["\'])(?P<quotedstrval>.+?)(?P=quote)|
+            (?P<strval>.+?)
         )
         \s*$
         ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, COMPARISON_OPERATORS.keys())))
     m = operator_rex.search(filter_part)
     if m:
-        op = COMPARISON_OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
-        actual_value = dct.get(m.group('key'))
-        if (m.group('quotedstrval') is not None
-            or m.group('strval') is not None
+        m = m.groupdict()
+        unnegated_op = COMPARISON_OPERATORS[m['op']]
+        if m['negation']:
+            op = lambda attr, value: not unnegated_op(attr, value)
+        else:
+            op = unnegated_op
+        comparison_value = m['quotedstrval'] or m['strval'] or m['intval']
+        if m['quote']:
+            comparison_value = comparison_value.replace(r'\%s' % m['quote'], m['quote'])
+        actual_value = dct.get(m['key'])
+        numeric_comparison = None
+        if isinstance(actual_value, compat_numeric_types):
             # If the original field is a string and matching comparisonvalue is
             # a number we should respect the origin of the original field
             # and process comparison value as a string (see
-            # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11082).
-            or actual_value is not None and m.group('intval') is not None
-                and isinstance(actual_value, compat_str)):
-            if m.group('op') not in ('=', '!='):
-                raise ValueError(
-                    'Operator %s does not support string values!' % m.group('op'))
-            comparison_value = m.group('quotedstrval') or m.group('strval') or m.group('intval')
-            quote = m.group('quote')
-            if quote is not None:
-                comparison_value = comparison_value.replace(r'\%s' % quote, quote)
-        else:
+            # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11082)
             try:
-                comparison_value = int(m.group('intval'))
+                numeric_comparison = int(comparison_value)
             except ValueError:
-                comparison_value = parse_filesize(m.group('intval'))
-                if comparison_value is None:
-                    comparison_value = parse_filesize(m.group('intval') + 'B')
-                if comparison_value is None:
-                    raise ValueError(
-                        'Invalid integer value %r in filter part %r' % (
-                            m.group('intval'), filter_part))
+                numeric_comparison = parse_filesize(comparison_value)
+                if numeric_comparison is None:
+                    numeric_comparison = parse_filesize(f'{comparison_value}B')
+                if numeric_comparison is None:
+                    numeric_comparison = parse_duration(comparison_value)
+        if numeric_comparison is not None and m['op'] in STRING_OPERATORS:
+            raise ValueError('Operator %s only supports string values!' % m['op'])
         if actual_value is None:
-            return m.group('none_inclusive')
-        return op(actual_value, comparison_value)
+            return incomplete or m['none_inclusive']
+        return op(actual_value, comparison_value if numeric_comparison is None else numeric_comparison)
 
     UNARY_OPERATORS = {
         '': lambda v: (v is True) if isinstance(v, bool) else (v is not None),
@@ -4680,21 +3409,25 @@ def _match_one(filter_part, dct):
     if m:
         op = UNARY_OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
         actual_value = dct.get(m.group('key'))
+        if incomplete and actual_value is None:
+            return True
         return op(actual_value)
 
     raise ValueError('Invalid filter part %r' % filter_part)
 
 
-def match_str(filter_str, dct):
-    """ Filter a dictionary with a simple string syntax. Returns True (=passes filter) or false """
-
+def match_str(filter_str, dct, incomplete=False):
+    """ Filter a dictionary with a simple string syntax. Returns True (=passes filter) or false
+        When incomplete, all conditions passes on missing fields
+    """
     return all(
-        _match_one(filter_part, dct) for filter_part in filter_str.split('&'))
+        _match_one(filter_part.replace(r'\&', '&'), dct, incomplete)
+        for filter_part in re.split(r'(?<!\\)&', filter_str))
 
 
 def match_filter_func(filter_str):
-    def _match_func(info_dict):
-        if match_str(filter_str, info_dict):
+    def _match_func(info_dict, *args, **kwargs):
+        if match_str(filter_str, info_dict, *args, **kwargs):
             return None
         else:
             video_title = info_dict.get('title', info_dict.get('id', 'video'))
@@ -4716,7 +3449,12 @@ def parse_dfxp_time_expr(time_expr):
 
 
 def srt_subtitles_timecode(seconds):
-    return '%02d:%02d:%02d,%03d' % (seconds / 3600, (seconds % 3600) / 60, seconds % 60, (seconds % 1) * 1000)
+    return '%02d:%02d:%02d,%03d' % timetuple_from_msec(seconds * 1000)
+
+
+def ass_subtitles_timecode(seconds):
+    time = timetuple_from_msec(seconds * 1000)
+    return '%01d:%02d:%02d.%02d' % (*time[:-1], time.milliseconds / 10)
 
 
 def dfxp2srt(dfxp_data):
@@ -4917,16 +3655,27 @@ def cli_configuration_args(argdict, keys, default=[], use_compat=True):
 
     assert isinstance(keys, (list, tuple))
     for key_list in keys:
-        if isinstance(key_list, compat_str):
-            key_list = (key_list,)
         arg_list = list(filter(
             lambda x: x is not None,
-            [argdict.get(key.lower()) for key in key_list]))
+            [argdict.get(key.lower()) for key in variadic(key_list)]))
         if arg_list:
             return [arg for args in arg_list for arg in args]
     return default
 
 
+def _configuration_args(main_key, argdict, exe, keys=None, default=[], use_compat=True):
+    main_key, exe = main_key.lower(), exe.lower()
+    root_key = exe if main_key == exe else f'{main_key}+{exe}'
+    keys = [f'{root_key}{k}' for k in (keys or [''])]
+    if root_key in keys:
+        if main_key != exe:
+            keys.append((main_key, exe))
+        keys.append('default')
+    else:
+        use_compat = False
+    return cli_configuration_args(argdict, keys, default, use_compat)
+
+
 class ISO639Utils(object):
     # See http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ISO-639-2_utf-8.txt
     _lang_map = {
@@ -5989,11 +4738,11 @@ def write_xattr(path, key, value):
                        + [encodeFilename(path, True)])
 
                 try:
-                    p = subprocess.Popen(
+                    p = Popen(
                         cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
                 except EnvironmentError as e:
                     raise XAttrMetadataError(e.errno, e.strerror)
-                stdout, stderr = process_communicate_or_kill(p)
+                stdout, stderr = p.communicate_or_kill()
                 stderr = stderr.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
                 if p.returncode != 0:
                     raise XAttrMetadataError(p.returncode, stderr)
@@ -6051,6 +4800,12 @@ def random_birthday(year_field, month_field, day_field):
 Icon=text-html
 '''.lstrip()
 
+LINK_TEMPLATES = {
+    'url': DOT_URL_LINK_TEMPLATE,
+    'desktop': DOT_DESKTOP_LINK_TEMPLATE,
+    'webloc': DOT_WEBLOC_LINK_TEMPLATE,
+}
+
 
 def iri_to_uri(iri):
     """
@@ -6104,8 +4859,11 @@ def to_high_limit_path(path):
     return path
 
 
-def format_field(obj, field, template='%s', ignore=(None, ''), default='', func=None):
-    val = obj.get(field, default)
+def format_field(obj, field=None, template='%s', ignore=(None, ''), default='', func=None):
+    if field is None:
+        val = obj if obj is not None else default
+    else:
+        val = obj.get(field, default)
     if func and val not in ignore:
         val = func(val)
     return template % val if val not in ignore else default
@@ -6159,60 +4917,186 @@ def get_executable_path():
 
 
 def load_plugins(name, suffix, namespace):
-    plugin_info = [None]
-    classes = []
+    classes = {}
     try:
-        plugin_info = imp.find_module(
-            name, [os.path.join(get_executable_path(), 'ytdlp_plugins')])
-        plugins = imp.load_module(name, *plugin_info)
+        plugins_spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
+            name, os.path.join(get_executable_path(), 'ytdlp_plugins', name, '__init__.py'))
+        plugins = importlib.util.module_from_spec(plugins_spec)
+        sys.modules[plugins_spec.name] = plugins
+        plugins_spec.loader.exec_module(plugins)
         for name in dir(plugins):
             if name in namespace:
                 continue
             if not name.endswith(suffix):
                 continue
             klass = getattr(plugins, name)
-            classes.append(klass)
-            namespace[name] = klass
-    except ImportError:
+            classes[name] = namespace[name] = klass
+    except FileNotFoundError:
         pass
-    finally:
-        if plugin_info[0] is not None:
-            plugin_info[0].close()
     return classes
 
 
-def traverse_obj(obj, keys, *, casesense=True, is_user_input=False, traverse_string=False):
+def traverse_obj(
+        obj, *path_list, default=None, expected_type=None, get_all=True,
+        casesense=True, is_user_input=False, traverse_string=False):
     ''' Traverse nested list/dict/tuple
+    @param path_list        A list of paths which are checked one by one.
+                            Each path is a list of keys where each key is a string,
+                            a function, a tuple of strings/None or "...".
+                            When a fuction is given, it takes the key as argument and
+                            returns whether the key matches or not. When a tuple is given,
+                            all the keys given in the tuple are traversed, and
+                            "..." traverses all the keys in the object
+                            "None" returns the object without traversal
+    @param default          Default value to return
+    @param expected_type    Only accept final value of this type (Can also be any callable)
+    @param get_all          Return all the values obtained from a path or only the first one
     @param casesense        Whether to consider dictionary keys as case sensitive
     @param is_user_input    Whether the keys are generated from user input. If True,
                             strings are converted to int/slice if necessary
     @param traverse_string  Whether to traverse inside strings. If True, any
                             non-compatible object will also be converted into a string
+    # TODO: Write tests
     '''
-    keys = list(keys)[::-1]
-    while keys:
-        key = keys.pop()
-        if isinstance(obj, dict):
-            assert isinstance(key, compat_str)
-            if not casesense:
-                obj = {k.lower(): v for k, v in obj.items()}
-                key = key.lower()
-            obj = obj.get(key)
-        else:
-            if is_user_input:
-                key = (int_or_none(key) if ':' not in key
-                       else slice(*map(int_or_none, key.split(':'))))
-            if not isinstance(obj, (list, tuple)):
-                if traverse_string:
-                    obj = compat_str(obj)
+    if not casesense:
+        _lower = lambda k: (k.lower() if isinstance(k, str) else k)
+        path_list = (map(_lower, variadic(path)) for path in path_list)
+
+    def _traverse_obj(obj, path, _current_depth=0):
+        nonlocal depth
+        path = tuple(variadic(path))
+        for i, key in enumerate(path):
+            if None in (key, obj):
+                return obj
+            if isinstance(key, (list, tuple)):
+                obj = [_traverse_obj(obj, sub_key, _current_depth) for sub_key in key]
+                key = ...
+            if key is ...:
+                obj = (obj.values() if isinstance(obj, dict)
+                       else obj if isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, LazyList))
+                       else str(obj) if traverse_string else [])
+                _current_depth += 1
+                depth = max(depth, _current_depth)
+                return [_traverse_obj(inner_obj, path[i + 1:], _current_depth) for inner_obj in obj]
+            elif callable(key):
+                if isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, LazyList)):
+                    obj = enumerate(obj)
+                elif isinstance(obj, dict):
+                    obj = obj.items()
                 else:
+                    if not traverse_string:
+                        return None
+                    obj = str(obj)
+                _current_depth += 1
+                depth = max(depth, _current_depth)
+                return [_traverse_obj(v, path[i + 1:], _current_depth) for k, v in obj if key(k)]
+            elif isinstance(obj, dict) and not (is_user_input and key == ':'):
+                obj = (obj.get(key) if casesense or (key in obj)
+                       else next((v for k, v in obj.items() if _lower(k) == key), None))
+            else:
+                if is_user_input:
+                    key = (int_or_none(key) if ':' not in key
+                           else slice(*map(int_or_none, key.split(':'))))
+                    if key == slice(None):
+                        return _traverse_obj(obj, (..., *path[i + 1:]), _current_depth)
+                if not isinstance(key, (int, slice)):
+                    return None
+                if not isinstance(obj, (list, tuple, LazyList)):
+                    if not traverse_string:
+                        return None
+                    obj = str(obj)
+                try:
+                    obj = obj[key]
+                except IndexError:
                     return None
-            assert isinstance(key, (int, slice))
-            obj = try_get(obj, lambda x: x[key])
-    return obj
+        return obj
+
+    if isinstance(expected_type, type):
+        type_test = lambda val: val if isinstance(val, expected_type) else None
+    elif expected_type is not None:
+        type_test = expected_type
+    else:
+        type_test = lambda val: val
+
+    for path in path_list:
+        depth = 0
+        val = _traverse_obj(obj, path)
+        if val is not None:
+            if depth:
+                for _ in range(depth - 1):
+                    val = itertools.chain.from_iterable(v for v in val if v is not None)
+                val = [v for v in map(type_test, val) if v is not None]
+                if val:
+                    return val if get_all else val[0]
+            else:
+                val = type_test(val)
+                if val is not None:
+                    return val
+    return default
 
 
+# Deprecated
 def traverse_dict(dictn, keys, casesense=True):
-    ''' For backward compatibility. Do not use '''
-    return traverse_obj(dictn, keys, casesense=casesense,
-                        is_user_input=True, traverse_string=True)
+    write_string('DeprecationWarning: yt_dlp.utils.traverse_dict is deprecated '
+                 'and may be removed in a future version. Use yt_dlp.utils.traverse_obj instead')
+    return traverse_obj(dictn, keys, casesense=casesense, is_user_input=True, traverse_string=True)
+
+
+def variadic(x, allowed_types=(str, bytes, dict)):
+    return x if isinstance(x, collections.abc.Iterable) and not isinstance(x, allowed_types) else (x,)
+
+
+# create a JSON Web Signature (jws) with HS256 algorithm
+# the resulting format is in JWS Compact Serialization
+# implemented following JWT https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7519.html
+# implemented following JWS https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7515.html
+def jwt_encode_hs256(payload_data, key, headers={}):
+    header_data = {
+        'alg': 'HS256',
+        'typ': 'JWT',
+    }
+    if headers:
+        header_data.update(headers)
+    header_b64 = base64.b64encode(json.dumps(header_data).encode('utf-8'))
+    payload_b64 = base64.b64encode(json.dumps(payload_data).encode('utf-8'))
+    h = hmac.new(key.encode('utf-8'), header_b64 + b'.' + payload_b64, hashlib.sha256)
+    signature_b64 = base64.b64encode(h.digest())
+    token = header_b64 + b'.' + payload_b64 + b'.' + signature_b64
+    return token
+
+
+# can be extended in future to verify the signature and parse header and return the algorithm used if it's not HS256
+def jwt_decode_hs256(jwt):
+    header_b64, payload_b64, signature_b64 = jwt.split('.')
+    payload_data = json.loads(base64.urlsafe_b64decode(payload_b64))
+    return payload_data
+
+
+def supports_terminal_sequences(stream):
+    if compat_os_name == 'nt':
+        from .compat import WINDOWS_VT_MODE  # Must be imported locally
+        if not WINDOWS_VT_MODE or get_windows_version() < (10, 0, 10586):
+            return False
+    elif not os.getenv('TERM'):
+        return False
+    try:
+        return stream.isatty()
+    except BaseException:
+        return False
+
+
+_terminal_sequences_re = re.compile('\033\\[[^m]+m')
+
+
+def remove_terminal_sequences(string):
+    return _terminal_sequences_re.sub('', string)
+
+
+def number_of_digits(number):
+    return len('%d' % number)
+
+
+def join_nonempty(*values, delim='-', from_dict=None):
+    if from_dict is not None:
+        values = map(from_dict.get, values)
+    return delim.join(map(str, filter(None, values)))