-[](https://travis-ci.org/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)
-
-youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms
-
-- [INSTALLATION](#installation)
-- [DESCRIPTION](#description)
-- [OPTIONS](#options)
-- [CONFIGURATION](#configuration)
-- [OUTPUT TEMPLATE](#output-template)
-- [FORMAT SELECTION](#format-selection)
-- [VIDEO SELECTION](#video-selection)
-- [FAQ](#faq)
-- [DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS](#developer-instructions)
-- [EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL](#embedding-youtube-dl)
-- [BUGS](#bugs)
-- [COPYRIGHT](#copyright)
+# YT-DLP
-# INSTALLATION
+<!-- See: https://github.com/marketplace/actions/dynamic-badges -->
+[](https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp/releases/latest)
+[](https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp/blob/master/LICENSE)
+[](https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp/actions?query=workflow%3ACore)
+[](https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp/actions?query=workflow%3AFull)
-To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, macOS, etc.), type:
+A command-line program to download videos from youtube.com and many other [video platforms](docs/supportedsites.md)
- sudo curl -L https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
- sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
+This is a fork of [youtube-dlc](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) which is inturn a fork of [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)
-If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget:
+* [NEW FEATURES](#new-features)
+* [INSTALLATION](#installation)
+ * [Update](#update)
+ * [Compile](#compile)
+* [DESCRIPTION](#description)
+* [OPTIONS](#options)
+ * [Network Options](#network-options)
+ * [Geo Restriction](#geo-restriction)
+ * [Video Selection](#video-selection)
+ * [Download Options](#download-options)
+ * [Filesystem Options](#filesystem-options)
+ * [Thumbnail images](#thumbnail-images)
+ * [Internet Shortcut Options](#internet-shortcut-options)
+ * [Verbosity / Simulation Options](#verbosity--simulation-options)
+ * [Workarounds](#workarounds)
+ * [Video Format Options](#video-format-options)
+ * [Subtitle Options](#subtitle-options)
+ * [Authentication Options](#authentication-options)
+ * [Adobe Pass Options](#adobe-pass-options)
+ * [Post-processing Options](#post-processing-options)
+ * [SponSkrub Options (SponsorBlock)](#sponskrub-options-sponsorblock)
+ * [Extractor Options](#extractor-options)
+* [CONFIGURATION](#configuration)
+ * [Authentication with .netrc file](#authentication-with-netrc-file)
+* [OUTPUT TEMPLATE](#output-template)
+ * [Output template and Windows batch files](#output-template-and-windows-batch-files)
+ * [Output template examples](#output-template-examples)
+* [FORMAT SELECTION](#format-selection)
+ * [Filtering Formats](#filtering-formats)
+ * [Sorting Formats](#sorting-formats)
+ * [Format Selection examples](#format-selection-examples)
+* [VIDEO SELECTION](#video-selection-1)
+* [MORE](#more)
- sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
- sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
-Windows users can [download an .exe file](https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl.exe) and place it in any location on their [PATH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29) except for `%SYSTEMROOT%\System32` (e.g. **do not** put in `C:\Windows\System32`).
+# NEW FEATURES
+The major new features from the latest release of [blackjack4494/yt-dlc](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) are:
-You can also use pip:
+* **[SponSkrub Integration](#sponSkrub-options-sponsorblock)**: You can use [SponSkrub](https://github.com/pukkandan/SponSkrub) to mark/remove sponsor sections in youtube videos by utilizing the [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) API
+
+* **[Format Sorting](#sorting-formats)**: The default format sorting options have been changed so that higher resolution and better codecs will be now preferred instead of simply using larger bitrate. Furthermore, you can now specify the sort order using `-S`. This allows for much easier format selection that what is possible by simply using `--format` ([examples](#format-selection-examples))
+
+* **Merged with youtube-dl v2021.01.08**: You get all the latest features and patches of [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) in addition to all the features of [youtube-dlc](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc)
+
+* **Youtube improvements**:
+ * All Youtube Feeds (`:ytfav`, `:ytwatchlater`, `:ytsubs`, `:ythistory`, `:ytrec`) works correctly and support downloading multiple pages of content
+ * Youtube search works correctly (`ytsearch:`, `ytsearchdate:`) along with Search URLs
+ * Redirect channel's home URL automatically to `/video` to preserve the old behaviour
+
+* **New extractors**: AnimeLab, Philo MSO, Rcs, Gedi, bitwave.tv
+
+* **Fixed extractors**: archive.org, roosterteeth.com, skyit, instagram, itv, SouthparkDe, spreaker, Vlive, tiktok, akamai, ina
+
+* **New options**: `--list-formats-as-table`, `--write-link`, `--force-download-archive`, `--force-overwrites` etc
+
+and many other features and patches. See [changelog](Changelog.md) or [commits](https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp/commits) for the full list of changes
- sudo -H pip install --upgrade youtube-dl
-
-This command will update youtube-dl if you have already installed it. See the [pypi page](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/youtube_dl) for more information.
-macOS users can install youtube-dl with [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/):
+**PS**: Some of these changes are already in youtube-dlc, but are still unreleased. See [this](Changelog.md#unreleased-changes-in-blackjack4494yt-dlc) for details
- brew install youtube-dl
+If you are coming from [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl), the amount of changes are very large. Compare [options](#options) and [supported sites](docs/supportedsites.md) with youtube-dl's to get an idea of the massive number of features/patches [youtube-dlc](https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) has accumulated.
+
+
+# INSTALLATION
+
+You can install yt-dlp using one of the following methods:
+* Use [PyPI package](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp/): `python -m pip install --upgrade yt-dlp`
+* Download the binary from the [latest release](https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp/releases/latest)
+* Use pip+git: `python -m pip install --upgrade git+https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp.git@release`
+* Install master branch: `python -m pip install --upgrade git+https://github.com/pukkandan/yt-dlp`
+
+### UPDATE
+`-U` does not work. Simply repeat the install process to update.
+
+### COMPILE
+
+**For Windows**:
+To build the Windows executable yourself (without version info!)
+
+ python -m pip install --upgrade pyinstaller
+ pyinstaller.exe youtube_dlc\__main__.py --onefile --name youtube-dlc
+
+Or simply execute the `make_win.bat` if pyinstaller is installed.
+There will be a `youtube-dlc.exe` in `/dist`
-Or with [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/):
+New way to build Windows is to use `python pyinst.py` (please use python3 64Bit)
+For 32Bit Version use a 32Bit Version of python (3 preferred here as well) and run `python pyinst32.py`
- sudo port install youtube-dl
+**For Unix**:
+You will need the required build tools
+python, make (GNU), pandoc, zip, nosetests
+Then simply type this
+
+ make
-Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see the [youtube-dl Download Page](https://ytdl-org.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html).
# DESCRIPTION
-**youtube-dl** is a command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on macOS. It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like.
+**youtube-dlc** is a command-line program to download videos from youtube.com many other [video platforms](docs/supportedsites.md). It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on macOS. It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like.
+
+ youtube-dlc [OPTIONS] [--] URL [URL...]
- youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
# OPTIONS
+`Ctrl+F` is your friend :D
+<!-- Autogenerated -->
+
+## General Options:
-h, --help Print this help text and exit
--version Print program version and exit
- -U, --update Update this program to latest version. Make
- sure that you have sufficient permissions
- (run with sudo if needed)
+ -U, --update [BROKEN] Update this program to latest
+ version. Make sure that you have sufficient
+ permissions (run with sudo if needed)
-i, --ignore-errors Continue on download errors, for example to
skip unavailable videos in a playlist
- --abort-on-error Abort downloading of further videos (in the
- playlist or the command line) if an error
- occurs
+ (default) (Same as --no-abort-on-error)
+ --abort-on-error Abort downloading of further videos if an
+ error occurs (Same as --no-ignore-errors)
--dump-user-agent Display the current browser identification
--list-extractors List all supported extractors
--extractor-descriptions Output descriptions of all supported
an error. The default value "fixup_error"
repairs broken URLs, but emits an error if
this is not possible instead of searching.
- --ignore-config Do not read configuration files. When given
+ --ignore-config, --no-config Do not read configuration files. When given
in the global configuration file
/etc/youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user
configuration in ~/.config/youtube-
directory.
--flat-playlist Do not extract the videos of a playlist,
only list them.
+ --flat-videos Do not resolve the video urls
+ --no-flat-playlist Extract the videos of a playlist
--mark-watched Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
- --no-mark-watched Do not mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+ --no-mark-watched Do not mark videos watched
--no-color Do not emit color codes in output
## Network Options:
SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
--max-filesize SIZE Do not download any videos larger than SIZE
(e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
- --date DATE Download only videos uploaded in this date
+ --date DATE Download only videos uploaded in this date.
+ The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format
+ "(now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?"
--datebefore DATE Download only videos uploaded on or before
- this date (i.e. inclusive)
+ this date. The date formats accepted is the
+ same as --date
--dateafter DATE Download only videos uploaded on or after
- this date (i.e. inclusive)
+ this date. The date formats accepted is the
+ same as --date
--min-views COUNT Do not download any videos with less than
COUNT views
--max-views COUNT Do not download any videos with more than
service), but who also have a description,
use --match-filter "like_count > 100 &
dislike_count <? 50 & description" .
+ --no-match-filter Do not use generic video filter (default)
--no-playlist Download only the video, if the URL refers
to a video and a playlist.
--yes-playlist Download the playlist, if the URL refers to
--download-archive FILE Download only videos not listed in the
archive file. Record the IDs of all
downloaded videos in it.
+ --break-on-existing Stop the download process when encountering
+ a file that's in the archive.
+ --break-on-reject Stop the download process when encountering
+ a file that has been filtered out.
+ --no-download-archive Do not use archive file (default)
--include-ads Download advertisements as well
(experimental)
+ --no-include-ads Do not download advertisements (default)
## Download Options:
-r, --limit-rate RATE Maximum download rate in bytes per second
--fragment-retries RETRIES Number of retries for a fragment (default
is 10), or "infinite" (DASH, hlsnative and
ISM)
- --skip-unavailable-fragments Skip unavailable fragments (DASH, hlsnative
- and ISM)
- --abort-on-unavailable-fragment Abort downloading when some fragment is not
- available
+ --skip-unavailable-fragments Skip unavailable fragments for DASH,
+ hlsnative and ISM (default)
+ (Same as --no-abort-on-unavailable-fragment)
+ --abort-on-unavailable-fragment Abort downloading if a fragment is unavailable
+ (Same as --no-skip-unavailable-fragments)
--keep-fragments Keep downloaded fragments on disk after
- downloading is finished; fragments are
- erased by default
+ downloading is finished
+ --no-keep-fragments Delete downloaded fragments after
+ downloading is finished (default)
--buffer-size SIZE Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K)
(default is 1024)
- --no-resize-buffer Do not automatically adjust the buffer
- size. By default, the buffer size is
- automatically resized from an initial value
- of SIZE.
+ --resize-buffer The buffer size is automatically resized
+ from an initial value of --buffer-size
+ (default)
+ --no-resize-buffer Do not automatically adjust the buffer size
--http-chunk-size SIZE Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP
downloading (e.g. 10485760 or 10M) (default
is disabled). May be useful for bypassing
bandwidth throttling imposed by a webserver
(experimental)
--playlist-reverse Download playlist videos in reverse order
+ --no-playlist-reverse Download playlist videos in default order
+ (default)
--playlist-random Download playlist videos in random order
--xattr-set-filesize Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with
expected file size
stdin), one URL per line. Lines starting
with '#', ';' or ']' are considered as
comments and ignored.
- --id Use only video ID in file name
-o, --output TEMPLATE Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT
- TEMPLATE" for all the info
+ TEMPLATE" for details
--autonumber-start NUMBER Specify the start value for %(autonumber)s
(default is 1)
--restrict-filenames Restrict filenames to only ASCII
characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in
filenames
- -w, --no-overwrites Do not overwrite files
- -c, --continue Force resume of partially downloaded files.
- By default, youtube-dl will resume
- downloads if possible.
- --no-continue Do not resume partially downloaded files
- (restart from beginning)
+ --no-restrict-filenames Allow Unicode characters, "&" and spaces in
+ filenames (default)
+ -w, --no-overwrites Do not overwrite any files
+ --force-overwrites Overwrite all video and metadata files.
+ This option includes --no-continue
+ --no-force-overwrites Do not overwrite the video, but overwrite
+ related files (default)
+ -c, --continue Resume partially downloaded files (default)
+ --no-continue Restart download of partially downloaded
+ files from beginning
+ --part Use .part files instead of writing directly
+ into output file (default)
--no-part Do not use .part files - write directly
into output file
+ --mtime Use the Last-modified header to set the
+ file modification time (default)
--no-mtime Do not use the Last-modified header to set
the file modification time
--write-description Write video description to a .description
file
+ --no-write-description Do not write video description (default)
--write-info-json Write video metadata to a .info.json file
+ --no-write-info-json Do not write video metadata (default)
--write-annotations Write video annotations to a
.annotations.xml file
+ --no-write-annotations Do not write video annotations (default)
--load-info-json FILE JSON file containing the video information
(created with the "--write-info-json"
option)
--cookies FILE File to read cookies from and dump cookie
jar in
+ --no-cookies Do not read/dump cookies (default)
--cache-dir DIR Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl
can store some downloaded information
permanently. By default
may change.
--no-cache-dir Disable filesystem caching
--rm-cache-dir Delete all filesystem cache files
+ --trim-file-name LENGTH Limit the filename length (extension
+ excluded)
-## Thumbnail images:
+## Thumbnail Images:
--write-thumbnail Write thumbnail image to disk
+ --no-write-thumbnail Do not write thumbnail image to disk
+ (default)
--write-all-thumbnails Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
--list-thumbnails Simulate and list all available thumbnail
formats
+## Internet Shortcut Options:
+ --write-link Write an internet shortcut file, depending on
+ the current platform (.url/.webloc/.desktop).
+ The URL may be cached by the OS.
+ --write-url-link Write a Windows .url internet shortcut file.
+ (The OS caches the URL based on the file path)
+ --write-webloc-link Write a .webloc macOS internet shortcut file
+ --write-desktop-link Write a .desktop Linux internet shortcut file
+
## Verbosity / Simulation Options:
-q, --quiet Activate quiet mode
--no-warnings Ignore warnings
playlist information in a single line.
--print-json Be quiet and print the video information as
JSON (video is still being downloaded).
+ --force-write-archive Force download archive entries to be written
+ as far as no errors occur, even if -s or
+ another simulation switch is used.
+ (Same as --force-download-archive)
--newline Output progress bar as new lines
--no-progress Do not print progress bar
--console-title Display progress in console titlebar
files in the current directory to debug
problems
--print-traffic Display sent and read HTTP traffic
- -C, --call-home Contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
- --no-call-home Do NOT contact the youtube-dl server for
+ -C, --call-home [Broken] Contact the youtube-dlc server for
debugging
+ --no-call-home Do not contact the youtube-dlc server for
+ debugging (default)
## Workarounds:
--encoding ENCODING Force the specified encoding (experimental)
before each download (maximum possible
number of seconds to sleep). Must only be
used along with --min-sleep-interval.
+ --sleep-subtitles SECONDS Enforce sleep interval on subtitles as well
## Video Format Options:
- -f, --format FORMAT Video format code, see the "FORMAT
- SELECTION" for all the info
+ -f, --format FORMAT Video format code, see "FORMAT SELECTION"
+ for more details
+ -S, --format-sort SORTORDER Sort the formats by the fields given, see
+ "Sorting Formats" for more details
+ --S-force, --format-sort-force Force user specified sort order to have
+ precedence over all fields, see "Sorting
+ Formats" for more details
+ --no-format-sort-force Some fields have precedence over the user
+ specified sort order (default), see
+ "Sorting Formats" for more details
+ --video-multistreams Allow multiple video streams to be merged
+ into a single file
+ --no-video-multistreams Only one video stream is downloaded for
+ each output file (default)
+ --audio-multistreams Allow multiple audio streams to be merged
+ into a single file
+ --no-audio-multistreams Only one audio stream is downloaded for
+ each output file (default)
--all-formats Download all available video formats
- --prefer-free-formats Prefer free video formats unless a specific
- one is requested
+ --prefer-free-formats Prefer free video formats over non-free
+ formats of same quality
-F, --list-formats List all available formats of requested
videos
+ --list-formats-as-table Present the output of -F in a more tabular
+ form (default)
+ (Same as --no-list-formats-as-table)
+ --list-formats-old Present the output of -F in the old form
+ --youtube-include-dash-manifest Download the DASH manifests and related data
+ on YouTube videos (default)
+ (Same as --no-youtube-skip-dash-manifest)
--youtube-skip-dash-manifest Do not download the DASH manifests and
related data on YouTube videos
+ (Same as --no-youtube-include-dash-manifest)
+ --youtube-include-hls-manifest Download the HLS manifests and related data
+ on YouTube videos (default)
+ (Same as --no-youtube-skip-hls-manifest)
+ --youtube-skip-hls-manifest Do not download the HLS manifests and
+ related data on YouTube videos
+ (Same as --no-youtube-include-hls-manifest)
--merge-output-format FORMAT If a merge is required (e.g.
bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given
container format. One of mkv, mp4, ogg,
webm, flv. Ignored if no merge is required
## Subtitle Options:
- --write-sub Write subtitle file
- --write-auto-sub Write automatically generated subtitle file
+ --write-subs Write subtitle file
+ --no-write-subs Do not write subtitle file (default)
+ --write-auto-subs Write automatically generated subtitle file
(YouTube only)
+ --no-write-auto-subs Do not write automatically generated
+ subtitle file (default)
--all-subs Download all the available subtitles of the
video
--list-subs List all available subtitles for the video
## Authentication Options:
-u, --username USERNAME Login with this account ID
-p, --password PASSWORD Account password. If this option is left
- out, youtube-dl will ask interactively.
+ out, youtube-dlc will ask interactively.
-2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR Two-factor authentication code
-n, --netrc Use .netrc authentication data
- --video-password PASSWORD Video password (vimeo, smotri, youku)
+ --video-password PASSWORD Video password (vimeo, youku)
## Adobe Pass Options:
--ap-mso MSO Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV
a list of available MSOs
--ap-username USERNAME Multiple-system operator account login
--ap-password PASSWORD Multiple-system operator account password.
- If this option is left out, youtube-dl will
- ask interactively.
+ If this option is left out, youtube-dlc
+ will ask interactively.
--ap-list-mso List all supported multiple-system
operators
-## Post-processing Options:
+## Post-Processing Options:
-x, --extract-audio Convert video files to audio-only files
(requires ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or
avprobe)
a value between 0 (better) and 9 (worse)
for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K
(default 5)
- --recode-video FORMAT Encode the video to another format if
- necessary (currently supported:
- mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
- --postprocessor-args ARGS Give these arguments to the postprocessor
- -k, --keep-video Keep the video file on disk after the post-
- processing; the video is erased by default
- --no-post-overwrites Do not overwrite post-processed files; the
- post-processed files are overwritten by
- default
+ --remux-video FORMAT Remux the video into another container if
+ necessary (currently supported: mp4|mkv).
+ If target container does not support the
+ video/audio codec, remuxing will fail
+ --recode-video FORMAT Re-encode the video into another format if
+ re-encoding is necessary (currently
+ supported: mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
+ --postprocessor-args NAME:ARGS Give these arguments to the postprocessors.
+ Specify the postprocessor name and the
+ arguments separated by a colon ':' to give
+ the argument to only the specified
+ postprocessor. Supported names are
+ ExtractAudio, VideoRemuxer, VideoConvertor,
+ EmbedSubtitle, Metadata, Merger,
+ FixupStretched, FixupM4a, FixupM3u8,
+ SubtitlesConvertor, EmbedThumbnail,
+ XAttrMetadata, SponSkrub and Default. You
+ can use this option multiple times to give
+ different arguments to different
+ postprocessors
+ -k, --keep-video Keep the intermediate video file on disk
+ after post-processing
+ --no-keep-video Delete the intermediate video file after
+ post-processing (default)
+ --post-overwrites Overwrite post-processed files (default)
+ --no-post-overwrites Do not overwrite post-processed files
--embed-subs Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4,
webm and mkv videos)
+ --no-embed-subs Do not embed subtitles (default)
--embed-thumbnail Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
+ --no-embed-thumbnail Do not embed thumbnail (default)
--add-metadata Write metadata to the video file
+ --no-add-metadata Do not write metadata (default)
--metadata-from-title FORMAT Parse additional metadata like song title /
artist from the video title. The format
syntax is the same as --output. Regular
default; fix file if we can, warn
otherwise)
--prefer-avconv Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the
- postprocessors
+ postprocessors (Same as --no-prefer-ffmpeg)
--prefer-ffmpeg Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
postprocessors (default)
+ (Same as --no-prefer-avconv)
--ffmpeg-location PATH Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary;
either the path to the binary or its
containing directory.
--exec CMD Execute a command on the file after
- downloading, similar to find's -exec
- syntax. Example: --exec 'adb push {}
- /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}'
+ downloading and post-processing, similar to
+ find's -exec syntax. Example: --exec 'adb
+ push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}'
--convert-subs FORMAT Convert the subtitles to other format
(currently supported: srt|ass|vtt|lrc)
+## [SponSkrub](https://github.com/pukkandan/SponSkrub) Options ([SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app)):
+ --sponskrub Use sponskrub to mark sponsored sections
+ with the data available in SponsorBlock
+ API. This is enabled by default if the
+ sponskrub binary exists (Youtube only)
+ --no-sponskrub Do not use sponskrub
+ --sponskrub-cut Cut out the sponsor sections instead of
+ simply marking them
+ --no-sponskrub-cut Simply mark the sponsor sections, not cut
+ them out (default)
+ --sponskrub-force Run sponskrub even if the video was already
+ downloaded
+ --no-sponskrub-force Do not cut out the sponsor sections if the
+ video was already downloaded (default)
+ --sponskrub-location PATH Location of the sponskrub binary; either
+ the path to the binary or its containing
+ directory.
+
+## Extractor Options:
+ --ignore-dynamic-mpd Do not process dynamic DASH manifests
+ (Same as --no-allow-dynamic-mpd)
+ --allow-dynamic-mpd Process dynamic DASH manifests (default)
+ (Same as --no-ignore-dynamic-mpd)
+
# CONFIGURATION
-You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. On Linux and macOS, the system wide configuration file is located at `/etc/youtube-dl.conf` and the user wide configuration file at `~/.config/youtube-dl/config`. On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt` or `C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dl.conf`. Note that by default configuration file may not exist so you may need to create it yourself.
+You can configure youtube-dlc by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. On Linux and macOS, the system wide configuration file is located at `/etc/youtube-dlc.conf` and the user wide configuration file at `~/.config/youtube-dlc/config`. On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dlc\config.txt` or `C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dlc.conf`. Note that by default configuration file may not exist so you may need to create it yourself.
-For example, with the following configuration file youtube-dl will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under `Movies` directory in your home directory:
+For example, with the following configuration file youtube-dlc will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under `Movies` directory in your home directory:
```
# Lines starting with # are comments
Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls thus there **must be no whitespace** after `-` or `--`, e.g. `-o` or `--proxy` but not `- o` or `-- proxy`.
-You can use `--ignore-config` if you want to disable the configuration file for a particular youtube-dl run.
+You can use `--ignore-config` if you want to disable the configuration file for a particular youtube-dlc run.
-You can also use `--config-location` if you want to use custom configuration file for a particular youtube-dl run.
+You can also use `--config-location` if you want to use custom configuration file for a particular youtube-dlc run.
### Authentication with `.netrc` file
-You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
+You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dlc execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
```
touch $HOME/.netrc
chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc
machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
```
-To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to youtube-dl or place it in the [configuration file](#configuration).
+To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to youtube-dlc or place it in the [configuration file](#configuration).
On Windows you may also need to setup the `%HOME%` environment variable manually. For example:
```
**tl;dr:** [navigate me to examples](#output-template-examples).
-The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to [python string formatting operations](https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting). For example, `%(NAME)s` or `%(NAME)05d`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by formatting operations. Allowed names along with sequence type are:
+The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dlc -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to [python string formatting operations](https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting). For example, `%(NAME)s` or `%(NAME)05d`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by formatting operations. Allowed names along with sequence type are:
- `id` (string): Video identifier
- `title` (string): Video title
- `channel_id` (string): Id of the channel
- `location` (string): Physical location where the video was filmed
- `duration` (numeric): Length of the video in seconds
+ - `duration_string` (string): Length of the video (HH-mm-ss)
- `view_count` (numeric): How many users have watched the video on the platform
- `like_count` (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
- `dislike_count` (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video
- `extractor` (string): Name of the extractor
- `extractor_key` (string): Key name of the extractor
- `epoch` (numeric): Unix epoch when creating the file
- - `autonumber` (numeric): Five-digit number that will be increased with each download, starting at zero
+ - `autonumber` (numeric): Number that will be increased with each download, starting at `--autonumber-start`
- `playlist` (string): Name or id of the playlist that contains the video
- `playlist_index` (numeric): Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
- `playlist_id` (string): Playlist identifier
Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such sequences will be replaced with `NA`.
-For example for `-o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s` and an mp4 video with title `youtube-dl test video` and id `BaW_jenozKcj`, this will result in a `youtube-dl test video-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4` file created in the current directory.
+For example for `-o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s` and an mp4 video with title `youtube-dlc test video` and id `BaW_jenozKcj`, this will result in a `youtube-dlc test video-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4` file created in the current directory.
For numeric sequences you can use numeric related formatting, for example, `%(view_count)05d` will result in a string with view count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in `00042`.
To use percent literals in an output template use `%%`. To output to stdout use `-o -`.
-The current default template is `%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s`.
+The current default template is `%(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s`.
In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the `--restrict-filenames` flag to get a shorter title:
Note that on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
```bash
-$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc
-youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.mp4 # All kinds of weird characters
+$ youtube-dlc --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc
+youtube-dlc test video ''_ä↭𝕐.mp4 # All kinds of weird characters
-$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
-youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4 # A simple file name
+$ youtube-dlc --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
+youtube-dlc_test_video_.mp4 # A simple file name
# Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
-$ youtube-dl -o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
+$ youtube-dlc -o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
# Download all playlists of YouTube channel/user keeping each playlist in separate directory:
-$ youtube-dl -o '%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists
+$ youtube-dlc -o '%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists
# Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
-$ youtube-dl -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/
+$ youtube-dlc -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/
# Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
-$ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" https://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
+$ youtube-dlc -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" https://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
# Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
-$ youtube-dl -o - BaW_jenozKc
+$ youtube-dlc -o - BaW_jenozKc
```
# FORMAT SELECTION
-By default youtube-dl tries to download the best available quality, i.e. if you want the best quality you **don't need** to pass any special options, youtube-dl will guess it for you by **default**.
-
-But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for example when you are on a slow or intermittent connection. The key mechanism for achieving this is so-called *format selection* based on which you can explicitly specify desired format, select formats based on some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and much more.
+By default, youtube-dlc tries to download the best available quality if you **don't** pass any options.
+This is generally equivalent to using `-f bestvideo*+bestaudio/best`. However, if multiple audiostreams is enabled (`--audio-multistreams`), the default format changes to `-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best`. Similarly, if ffmpeg and avconv are unavailable, or if you use youtube-dlc to stream to `stdout` (`-o -`), the default becomes `-f best/bestvideo+bestaudio`.
-The general syntax for format selection is `--format FORMAT` or shorter `-f FORMAT` where `FORMAT` is a *selector expression*, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download.
+The general syntax for format selection is `--f FORMAT` (or `--format FORMAT`) where `FORMAT` is a *selector expression*, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download.
**tl;dr:** [navigate me to examples](#format-selection-examples).
You can also use a file extension (currently `3gp`, `aac`, `flv`, `m4a`, `mp3`, `mp4`, `ogg`, `wav`, `webm` are supported) to download the best quality format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. `-f webm` will download the best quality format with the `webm` extension served as a single file.
You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:
- - `best`: Select the best quality format represented by a single file with video and audio.
- - `worst`: Select the worst quality format represented by a single file with video and audio.
- - `bestvideo`: Select the best quality video-only format (e.g. DASH video). May not be available.
- - `worstvideo`: Select the worst quality video-only format. May not be available.
- - `bestaudio`: Select the best quality audio only-format. May not be available.
- - `worstaudio`: Select the worst quality audio only-format. May not be available.
-For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use `-f worstvideo`.
+ - `b*`, `best*`: Select the best quality format irrespective of whether it contains video or audio.
+ - `w*`, `worst*`: Select the worst quality format irrespective of whether it contains video or audio.
+ - `b`, `best`: Select the best quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to `best*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]`
+ - `w`, `worst`: Select the worst quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to `worst*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]`
+ - `bv`, `bestvideo`: Select the best quality video-only format. Equivalent to `best*[acodec=none]`
+ - `wv`, `worstvideo`: Select the worst quality video-only format. Equivalent to `worst*[acodec=none]`
+ - `bv*`, `bestvideo*`: Select the best quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to `best*[vcodec!=none]`
+ - `wv*`, `worstvideo*`: Select the worst quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to `worst*[vcodec!=none]`
+ - `ba`, `bestaudio`: Select the best quality audio-only format. Equivalent to `best*[vcodec=none]`
+ - `wa`, `worstaudio`: Select the worst quality audio-only format. Equivalent to `worst*[vcodec=none]`
+ - `ba*`, `bestaudio*`: Select the best quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to `best*[acodec!=none]`
+ - `wa*`, `worstaudio*`: Select the worst quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to `worst*[acodec!=none]`
-If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that slash is left-associative, i.e. formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example `-f 22/17/18` will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
+For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use `-f worstvideo`. It is however recomended to never actually use `worst` and related options. When your format selector is `worst`, the format which is worst in all respects is selected. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use `-f best -S +size,+br,+res,+fps` instead of `-f worst`. See [sorting formats](#sorting-formats) for more details.
+
+If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example `-f 22/17/18` will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as a separator, e.g. `-f 22,17,18` will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature: `-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio`.
+You can merge the video and audio of multiple formats into a single file using `-f <format1>+<format2>+...` (requires ffmpeg or avconv installed), for example `-f bestvideo+bestaudio` will download the best video-only format, the best audio-only format and mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv. If `--no-video-multistreams` is used, all formats with a video stream except the first one are ignored. Similarly, if `--no-audio-multistreams` is used, all formats with an audio stream except the first one are ignored. For example, `-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio` will download and merge all 3 given formats. The resulting file will have 2 video streams and 2 audio streams. But `-f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --no-video-multistreams` will download and merge only `bestvideo` and `bestaudio`. `best` is ignored since another format containing a video stream (`bestvideo`) has already been selected. The order of the formats is therefore important. `-f best+bestaudio --no-audio-multistreams` will download and merge both formats while `-f bestaudio+best --no-audio-multistreams` will ignore `best` and download only `bestaudio`.
+
+## Filtering Formats
+
You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in `-f "best[height=720]"` (or `-f "[filesize>10M]"`).
The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`, `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals):
+
- `filesize`: The number of bytes, if known in advance
- `width`: Width of the video, if known
- `height`: Height of the video, if known
- `fps`: Frame rate
Also filtering work for comparisons `=` (equals), `^=` (starts with), `$=` (ends with), `*=` (contains) and following string meta fields:
+
- `ext`: File extension
- `acodec`: Name of the audio codec in use
- `vcodec`: Name of the video codec in use
- `container`: Name of the container format
- `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case (`http`, `https`, `rtsp`, `rtmp`, `rtmpe`, `mms`, `f4m`, `ism`, `http_dash_segments`, `m3u8`, or `m3u8_native`)
- `format_id`: A short description of the format
+ - `language`: Language code
Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation `!` in order to produce an opposite comparison, e.g. `!*=` (does not contain).
-Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the video hoster.
+Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the video hoster. Any other field made available by the extractor can also be used for filtering.
Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (`?`) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so `-f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]"` selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s.
-You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file using `-f <video-format>+<audio-format>` (requires ffmpeg or avconv installed), for example `-f bestvideo+bestaudio` will download the best video-only format, the best audio-only format and mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv.
-
Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if you want to download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480 you can use `-f '(mp4,webm)[height<480]'`.
-Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26, youtube-dl uses `-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best` as the default format selection (see [#5447](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5447), [#5456](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5456)). If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` separately and muxing them together into a single file giving the best overall quality available. Otherwise it falls back to `best` and results in downloading the best available quality served as a single file. `best` is also needed for videos that don't come from YouTube because they don't provide the audio and video in two different files. If you want to only download some DASH formats (for example if you are not interested in getting videos with a resolution higher than 1080p), you can add `-f bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best` to your configuration file. Note that if you use youtube-dl to stream to `stdout` (and most likely to pipe it to your media player then), i.e. you explicitly specify output template as `-o -`, youtube-dl still uses `-f best` format selection in order to start content delivery immediately to your player and not to wait until `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` are downloaded and muxed.
-
-If you want to preserve the old format selection behavior (prior to youtube-dl 2015.04.26), i.e. you want to download the best available quality media served as a single file, you should explicitly specify your choice with `-f best`. You may want to add it to the [configuration file](#configuration) in order not to type it every time you run youtube-dl.
-
-#### Format selection examples
+## Sorting Formats
+
+You can change the criteria for being considered the `best` by using `-S` (`--format-sort`). The general format for this is `--format-sort field1,field2...`. The available fields are:
+
+ - `video`, `has_video`: Gives priority to formats that has a video stream
+ - `audio`, `has_audio`: Gives priority to formats that has a audio stream
+ - `extractor`, `preference`, `extractor_preference`: The format preference as given by the extractor
+ - `lang`, `language_preference`: Language preference as given by the extractor
+ - `quality`: The quality of the format. This is a metadata field available in some websites
+ - `source`, `source_preference`: Preference of the source as given by the extractor
+ - `proto`, `protocol`: Protocol used for download (`https`/`ftps` > `http`/`ftp` > `m3u8-native` > `m3u8` > `http-dash-segments` > other > `mms`/`rtsp` > unknown > `f4f`/`f4m`)
+ - `vcodec`, `video_codec`: Video Codec (`vp9` > `h265` > `h264` > `vp8` > `h263` > `theora` > other > unknown)
+ - `acodec`, `audio_codec`: Audio Codec (`opus` > `vorbis` > `aac` > `mp4a` > `mp3` > `ac3` > `dts` > other > unknown)
+ - `codec`: Equivalent to `vcodec,acodec`
+ - `vext`, `video_ext`: Video Extension (`mp4` > `webm` > `flv` > other > unknown). If `--prefer-free-formats` is used, `webm` is prefered.
+ - `aext`, `audio_ext`: Audio Extension (`m4a` > `aac` > `mp3` > `ogg` > `opus` > `webm` > other > unknown). If `--prefer-free-formats` is used, the order changes to `opus` > `ogg` > `webm` > `m4a` > `mp3` > `aac`.
+ - `ext`, `extension`: Equivalent to `vext,aext`
+ - `filesize`: Exact filesize, if know in advance. This will be unavailable for mu38 and DASH formats.
+ - `filesize_approx`: Approximate filesize calculated from the manifests
+ - `size`, `filesize_estimate`: Exact filesize if available, otherwise approximate filesize
+ - `height`: Height of video
+ - `width`: Width of video
+ - `res`, `dimension`: Video resolution, calculated as the smallest dimension.
+ - `fps`, `framerate`: Framerate of video
+ - `tbr`, `total_bitrate`: Total average bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `vbr`, `video_bitrate`: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `abr`, `audio_bitrate`: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `br`, `bitrate`: Equivalent to using `tbr,vbr,abr`
+ - `samplerate`, `asr`: Audio sample rate in Hz
+
+Note that any other **numerical** field made available by the extractor can also be used. All fields, unless specified otherwise, are sorted in decending order. To reverse this, prefix the field with a `+`. Eg: `+res` prefers format with the smallest resolution. Additionally, you can suffix a prefered value for the fields, seperated by a `:`. Eg: `res:720` prefers larger videos, but no larger than 720p and the smallest video if there are no videos less than 720p. For `codec` and `ext`, you can provide two prefered values, the first for video and the second for audio. Eg: `+codec:avc:m4a` (equivalent to `+vcodec:avc,+acodec:m4a`) sets the video codec preference to `h264` > `h265` > `vp9` > `vp8` > `h263` > `theora` and audio codec preference to `mp4a` > `aac` > `vorbis` > `opus` > `mp3` > `ac3` > `dts`. You can also make the sorting prefer the nearest values to the provided by using `~` as the delimiter. Eg: `filesize~1G` prefers the format with filesize closest to 1 GiB.
+
+The fields `has_video`, `extractor`, `lang`, `quality` are always given highest priority in sorting, irrespective of the user-defined order. This behaviour can be changed by using `--force-format-sort`. Apart from these, the default order used is: `res,fps,codec,size,br,asr,proto,ext,has_audio,source,format_id`. Note that the extractors may override this default order, but they cannot override the user-provided order.
+
+If your format selector is `worst`, the last item is selected after sorting. This means it will select the format that is worst in all repects. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use `-f best -S +size,+br,+res,+fps`.
+
+**Tip**: You can use the `-v -F` to see how the formats have been sorted (worst to best).
+
+## Format Selection examples
Note that on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
```bash
-# Download best mp4 format available or any other best if no mp4 available
-$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best'
-
-# Download best format available but not better that 480p
-$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]'
-
-# Download best video only format but no bigger than 50 MB
-$ youtube-dl -f 'best[filesize<50M]'
-
-# Download best format available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol
-$ youtube-dl -f '(bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]'
-
-# Download the best video format and the best audio format without merging them
-$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo,bestaudio' -o '%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s'
-```
-Note that in the last example, an output template is recommended as bestvideo and bestaudio may have the same file name.
-
-
-# VIDEO SELECTION
-
-Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options `--date`, `--datebefore` or `--dateafter`. They accept dates in two formats:
-
- - Absolute dates: Dates in the format `YYYYMMDD`.
- - Relative dates: Dates in the format `(now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?`
-
-Examples:
-
-```bash
-# Download only the videos uploaded in the last 6 months
-$ youtube-dl --dateafter now-6months
-
-# Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970
-$ youtube-dl --date 19700101
-
-$ # Download only the videos uploaded in the 200x decade
-$ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231
-```
-
-# FAQ
-
-### How do I update youtube-dl?
-
-If you've followed [our manual installation instructions](https://ytdl-org.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html), you can simply run `youtube-dl -U` (or, on Linux, `sudo youtube-dl -U`).
-
-If you have used pip, a simple `sudo pip install -U youtube-dl` is sufficient to update.
-
-If you have installed youtube-dl using a package manager like *apt-get* or *yum*, use the standard system update mechanism to update. Note that distribution packages are often outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl releases at least once a month, and often weekly or even daily. Simply go to https://yt-dl.org to find out the current version. Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distribution serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your distribution in their bugtracker or support forum.
-
-As a last resort, you can also uninstall the version installed by your package manager and follow our manual installation instructions. For that, remove the distribution's package, with a line like
-
- sudo apt-get remove -y youtube-dl
-
-Afterwards, simply follow [our manual installation instructions](https://ytdl-org.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html):
-
-```
-sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
-sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
-hash -r
-```
-
-Again, from then on you'll be able to update with `sudo youtube-dl -U`.
-
-### youtube-dl is extremely slow to start on Windows
-
-Add a file exclusion for `youtube-dl.exe` in Windows Defender settings.
-
-### I'm getting an error `Unable to extract OpenGraph title` on YouTube playlists
-
-YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so you'll need at least youtube-dl 2014.07.25 to download all YouTube videos.
-
-If you have installed youtube-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py or a tarball, please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore. Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to [report bugs](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to the [Ubuntu packaging people](mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl) - all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update.
-
-### I'm getting an error when trying to use output template: `error: using output template conflicts with using title, video ID or auto number`
-
-Make sure you are not using `-o` with any of these options `-t`, `--title`, `--id`, `-A` or `--auto-number` set in command line or in a configuration file. Remove the latter if any.
-
-### Do I always have to pass `-citw`?
-
-By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally, if you have a convincing case that these should be different, [please file an issue where you explain that](https://yt-dl.org/bug)). Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy long option strings from webpages. In particular, the only option out of `-citw` that is regularly useful is `-i`.
-
-### Can you please put the `-b` option back?
-
-Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to downloading the highest available quality as reported by YouTube, which will be 1080p or 720p in some cases, so you no longer need the `-b` option. For some specific videos, maybe YouTube does not report them to be available in a specific high quality format you're interested in. In that case, simply request it with the `-f` option and youtube-dl will try to download it.
-
-### I get HTTP error 402 when trying to download a video. What's this?
-
-Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download too much. We're [considering to provide a way to let you solve the CAPTCHA](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/154), but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a web browser to the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube-dl.
-
-### Do I need any other programs?
-
-youtube-dl works fine on its own on most sites. However, if you want to convert video/audio, you'll need [avconv](https://libav.org/) or [ffmpeg](https://www.ffmpeg.org/). On some sites - most notably YouTube - videos can be retrieved in a higher quality format without sound. youtube-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present and automatically pick the best option.
-
-Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be downloaded when [rtmpdump](https://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu/) is installed. Downloading MMS and RTSP videos requires either [mplayer](https://mplayerhq.hu/) or [mpv](https://mpv.io/) to be installed.
-
-### I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
-
-Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as [mpv](https://mpv.io/), [vlc](https://www.videolan.org/) or [mplayer](https://www.mplayerhq.hu/).
-
-### I extracted a video URL with `-g`, but it does not play on another machine / in my web browser.
-
-It depends a lot on the service. In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play it) must come from the same IP address and with the same cookies and/or HTTP headers. Use the `--cookies` option to write the required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use `--dump-user-agent` to see the one in use by youtube-dl. You can also get necessary cookies and HTTP headers from JSON output obtained with `--dump-json`.
-
-It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are only applied to IPv4. Some services (sometimes only for a subset of videos) do not restrict the video URL by IP address, cookie, or user-agent, but these are the exception rather than the rule.
-
-Please bear in mind that some URL protocols are **not** supported by browsers out of the box, including RTMP. If you are using `-g`, your own downloader must support these as well.
-
-If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running youtube-dl, you can relay the video content from the machine that runs youtube-dl. You can use `-o -` to let youtube-dl stream a video to stdout, or simply allow the player to download the files written by youtube-dl in turn.
-
-### ERROR: no fmt_url_map or conn information found in video info
-
-YouTube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
-
-### ERROR: unable to download video
-
-YouTube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
-
-### Video URL contains an ampersand and I'm getting some strange output `[1] 2839` or `'v' is not recognized as an internal or external command`
-
-That's actually the output from your shell. Since ampersand is one of the special shell characters it's interpreted by the shell preventing you from passing the whole URL to youtube-dl. To disable your shell from interpreting the ampersands (or any other special characters) you have to either put the whole URL in quotes or escape them with a backslash (which approach will work depends on your shell).
-
-For example if your URL is https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc you should end up with following command:
-
-```youtube-dl 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc'```
-
-or
-
-```youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4\&v=BaW_jenozKc```
-
-For Windows you have to use the double quotes:
-
-```youtube-dl "https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc"```
-
-### ExtractorError: Could not find JS function u'OF'
-
-In February 2015, the new YouTube player contained a character sequence in a string that was misinterpreted by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
-
-### HTTP Error 429: Too Many Requests or 402: Payment Required
-
-These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP address because of overuse. Contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP address, or - if you have acquired a whitelisted IP address already - use the [`--proxy` or `--source-address` options](#network-options) to select another IP address.
-
-### SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character
-
-The error
-
- File "youtube-dl", line 2
- SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character '\x93' ...
-
-means you're using an outdated version of Python. Please update to Python 2.6 or 2.7.
-
-### What is this binary file? Where has the code gone?
-
-Since June 2012 ([#342](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/342)) youtube-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unzip it (might need renaming to `youtube-dl.zip` first on some systems) or clone the git repository, as laid out above. If you modify the code, you can run it by executing the `__main__.py` file. To recompile the executable, run `make youtube-dl`.
-
-### The exe throws an error due to missing `MSVCR100.dll`
-
-To run the exe you need to install first the [Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable Package (x86)](https://www.microsoft.com/en-US/download/details.aspx?id=5555).
-
-### On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube-dl? Where should I put the exe files?
-
-If you put youtube-dl and ffmpeg in the same directory that you're running the command from, it will work, but that's rather cumbersome.
-
-To make a different directory work - either for ffmpeg, or for youtube-dl, or for both - simply create the directory (say, `C:\bin`, or `C:\Users\<User name>\bin`), put all the executables directly in there, and then [set your PATH environment variable](https://www.java.com/en/download/help/path.xml) to include that directory.
-
-From then on, after restarting your shell, you will be able to access both youtube-dl and ffmpeg (and youtube-dl will be able to find ffmpeg) by simply typing `youtube-dl` or `ffmpeg`, no matter what directory you're in.
-
-### How do I put downloads into a specific folder?
-
-Use the `-o` to specify an [output template](#output-template), for example `-o "/home/user/videos/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"`. If you want this for all of your downloads, put the option into your [configuration file](#configuration).
-
-### How do I download a video starting with a `-`?
-
-Either prepend `https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=` or separate the ID from the options with `--`:
-
- youtube-dl -- -wNyEUrxzFU
- youtube-dl "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU"
-
-### How do I pass cookies to youtube-dl?
-
-Use the `--cookies` option, for example `--cookies /path/to/cookies/file.txt`.
-
-In order to extract cookies from browser use any conforming browser extension for exporting cookies. For example, [cookies.txt](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/cookiestxt/njabckikapfpffapmjgojcnbfjonfjfg) (for Chrome) or [cookies.txt](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/cookies-txt/) (for Firefox).
-
-Note that the cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the first line of the cookies file must be either `# HTTP Cookie File` or `# Netscape HTTP Cookie File`. Make sure you have correct [newline format](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline) in the cookies file and convert newlines if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely `CRLF` (`\r\n`) for Windows and `LF` (`\n`) for Unix and Unix-like systems (Linux, macOS, etc.). `HTTP Error 400: Bad Request` when using `--cookies` is a good sign of invalid newline format.
-
-Passing cookies to youtube-dl is a good way to workaround login when a particular extractor does not implement it explicitly. Another use case is working around [CAPTCHA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA) some websites require you to solve in particular cases in order to get access (e.g. YouTube, CloudFlare).
-
-### How do I stream directly to media player?
-
-You will first need to tell youtube-dl to stream media to stdout with `-o -`, and also tell your media player to read from stdin (it must be capable of this for streaming) and then pipe former to latter. For example, streaming to [vlc](https://www.videolan.org/) can be achieved with:
-
- youtube-dl -o - "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj" | vlc -
-
-### How do I download only new videos from a playlist?
-
-Use download-archive feature. With this feature you should initially download the complete playlist with `--download-archive /path/to/download/archive/file.txt` that will record identifiers of all the videos in a special file. Each subsequent run with the same `--download-archive` will download only new videos and skip all videos that have been downloaded before. Note that only successful downloads are recorded in the file.
-
-For example, at first,
-
- youtube-dl --download-archive archive.txt "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
-
-will download the complete `PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re` playlist and create a file `archive.txt`. Each subsequent run will only download new videos if any:
-
- youtube-dl --download-archive archive.txt "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
-
-### Should I add `--hls-prefer-native` into my config?
-
-When youtube-dl detects an HLS video, it can download it either with the built-in downloader or ffmpeg. Since many HLS streams are slightly invalid and ffmpeg/youtube-dl each handle some invalid cases better than the other, there is an option to switch the downloader if needed.
-
-When youtube-dl knows that one particular downloader works better for a given website, that downloader will be picked. Otherwise, youtube-dl will pick the best downloader for general compatibility, which at the moment happens to be ffmpeg. This choice may change in future versions of youtube-dl, with improvements of the built-in downloader and/or ffmpeg.
-
-In particular, the generic extractor (used when your website is not in the [list of supported sites by youtube-dl](https://ytdl-org.github.io/youtube-dl/supportedsites.html) cannot mandate one specific downloader.
-
-If you put either `--hls-prefer-native` or `--hls-prefer-ffmpeg` into your configuration, a different subset of videos will fail to download correctly. Instead, it is much better to [file an issue](https://yt-dl.org/bug) or a pull request which details why the native or the ffmpeg HLS downloader is a better choice for your use case.
+# Download and merge the best best video-only format and the best audio-only format,
+# or download the best combined format if video-only format is not available
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'bv+ba/b'
-### Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows current movies for free?
+# Download best format that contains video,
+# and if it doesn't already have an audio stream, merge it with best audio-only format
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'bv*+ba/b'
-As a matter of policy (as well as legality), youtube-dl does not include support for services that specialize in infringing copyright. As a rule of thumb, if you cannot easily find a video that the service is quite obviously allowed to distribute (i.e. that has been uploaded by the creator, the creator's distributor, or is published under a free license), the service is probably unfit for inclusion to youtube-dl.
+# Same as above
+$ youtube-dlc
-A note on the service that they don't host the infringing content, but just link to those who do, is evidence that the service should **not** be included into youtube-dl. The same goes for any DMCA note when the whole front page of the service is filled with videos they are not allowed to distribute. A "fair use" note is equally unconvincing if the service shows copyright-protected videos in full without authorization.
+# Download the best video-only format and the best audio-only format without merging them
+# For this case, an output template should be used since
+# by default, bestvideo and bestaudio will have the same file name.
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'bv,ba' -o '%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s'
-Support requests for services that **do** purchase the rights to distribute their content are perfectly fine though. If in doubt, you can simply include a source that mentions the legitimate purchase of content.
-### How can I speed up work on my issue?
-(Also known as: Help, my important issue not being solved!) The youtube-dl core developer team is quite small. While we do our best to solve as many issues as possible, sometimes that can take quite a while. To speed up your issue, here's what you can do:
+# The following examples show the old method (without -S) of format selection
+# and how to use -S to achieve a similar but better result
-First of all, please do report the issue [at our issue tracker](https://yt-dl.org/bugs). That allows us to coordinate all efforts by users and developers, and serves as a unified point. Unfortunately, the youtube-dl project has grown too large to use personal email as an effective communication channel.
+# Download the worst video available (old method)
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'wv*+wa/w'
-Please read the [bug reporting instructions](#bugs) below. A lot of bugs lack all the necessary information. If you can, offer proxy, VPN, or shell access to the youtube-dl developers. If you are able to, test the issue from multiple computers in multiple countries to exclude local censorship or misconfiguration issues.
+# Download the best video available but with the smallest resolution
+$ youtube-dlc -S '+res'
-If nobody is interested in solving your issue, you are welcome to take matters into your own hands and submit a pull request (or coerce/pay somebody else to do so).
+# Download the smallest video available
+$ youtube-dlc -S '+size,+bitrate'
-Feel free to bump the issue from time to time by writing a small comment ("Issue is still present in youtube-dl version ...from France, but fixed from Belgium"), but please not more than once a month. Please do not declare your issue as `important` or `urgent`.
-### How can I detect whether a given URL is supported by youtube-dl?
-For one, have a look at the [list of supported sites](docs/supportedsites.md). Note that it can sometimes happen that the site changes its URL scheme (say, from https://example.com/video/1234567 to https://example.com/v/1234567 ) and youtube-dl reports an URL of a service in that list as unsupported. In that case, simply report a bug.
+# Download the best mp4 video available, or the best video if no mp4 available
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'bv*[ext=mp4]+ba[ext=m4a]/b[ext=mp4] / bv*+ba/b'
-It is *not* possible to detect whether a URL is supported or not. That's because youtube-dl contains a generic extractor which matches **all** URLs. You may be tempted to disable, exclude, or remove the generic extractor, but the generic extractor not only allows users to extract videos from lots of websites that embed a video from another service, but may also be used to extract video from a service that it's hosting itself. Therefore, we neither recommend nor support disabling, excluding, or removing the generic extractor.
+# Download the best video with the best extension
+# (For video, mp4 > webm > flv. For audio, m4a > aac > mp3 ...)
+$ youtube-dlc -S 'ext'
-If you want to find out whether a given URL is supported, simply call youtube-dl with it. If you get no videos back, chances are the URL is either not referring to a video or unsupported. You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube-dl on the console) or catching an `UnsupportedError` exception if you run it from a Python program.
-# Why do I need to go through that much red tape when filing bugs?
-Before we had the issue template, despite our extensive [bug reporting instructions](#bugs), about 80% of the issue reports we got were useless, for instance because people used ancient versions hundreds of releases old, because of simple syntactic errors (not in youtube-dl but in general shell usage), because the problem was already reported multiple times before, because people did not actually read an error message, even if it said "please install ffmpeg", because people did not mention the URL they were trying to download and many more simple, easy-to-avoid problems, many of whom were totally unrelated to youtube-dl.
+# Download the best video available but no better than 480p,
+# or the worst video if there is no video under 480p
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'bv*[height<=480]+ba/b[height<=480] / wv*+ba/w'
-youtube-dl is an open-source project manned by too few volunteers, so we'd rather spend time fixing bugs where we are certain none of those simple problems apply, and where we can be reasonably confident to be able to reproduce the issue without asking the reporter repeatedly. As such, the output of `youtube-dl -v YOUR_URL_HERE` is really all that's required to file an issue. The issue template also guides you through some basic steps you can do, such as checking that your version of youtube-dl is current.
+# Download the best video available with the largest height but no better than 480p,
+# or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
+$ youtube-dlc -S 'height:480'
-# DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
+# Download the best video available with the largest resolution but no better than 480p,
+# or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
+# Resolution is determined by using the smallest dimension.
+# So this works correctly for vertical videos as well
+$ youtube-dlc -S 'res:480'
-Most users do not need to build youtube-dl and can [download the builds](https://ytdl-org.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html) or get them from their distribution.
-To run youtube-dl as a developer, you don't need to build anything either. Simply execute
- python -m youtube_dl
+# Download the best video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
+# or the worst video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'b[filesize<50M] / w'
-To run the test, simply invoke your favorite test runner, or execute a test file directly; any of the following work:
+# Download largest video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
+# or the smallest video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'b' -S 'filesize:50M'
- python -m unittest discover
- python test/test_download.py
- nosetests
+# Download best video (that also has audio) that is closest in size to 50 MB
+$ youtube-dlc -f 'b' -S 'filesize~50M'
-See item 6 of [new extractor tutorial](#adding-support-for-a-new-site) for how to run extractor specific test cases.
-If you want to create a build of youtube-dl yourself, you'll need
-* python
-* make (only GNU make is supported)
-* pandoc
-* zip
-* nosetests
+# Download best video available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol,
+# or the best video available via any protocol if there is no such video
+$ youtube-dlc -f '(bv*+ba/b)[protocol^=http][protocol!*=dash] / (bv*+ba/b)'
-### Adding support for a new site
+# Download best video available via the best protocol
+# (https/ftps > http/ftp > m3u8_native > m3u8 > http_dash_segments ...)
+$ youtube-dlc -S 'protocol'
-If you want to add support for a new site, first of all **make sure** this site is **not dedicated to [copyright infringement](README.md#can-you-add-support-for-this-anime-video-site-or-site-which-shows-current-movies-for-free)**. youtube-dl does **not support** such sites thus pull requests adding support for them **will be rejected**.
-After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally, you can follow this quick list (assuming your service is called `yourextractor`):
-1. [Fork this repository](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/fork)
-2. Check out the source code with:
+# Download the best video with h264 codec, or the best video if there is no such video
+$ youtube-dlc -f '(bv*+ba/b)[vcodec^=avc1] / (bv*+ba/b)'
- git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube-dl.git
+# Download the best video with best codec no better than h264,
+# or the best video with worst codec if there is no such video
+$ youtube-dlc -S 'codec:h264'
-3. Start a new git branch with
+# Download the best video with worst codec no worse than h264,
+# or the best video with best codec if there is no such video
+$ youtube-dlc -S '+codec:h264'
- cd youtube-dl
- git checkout -b yourextractor
-4. Start with this simple template and save it to `youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py`:
- ```python
- # coding: utf-8
- from __future__ import unicode_literals
+# More complex examples
- from .common import InfoExtractor
+# Download the best video no better than 720p prefering framerate greater than 30,
+# or the worst video (still prefering framerate greater than 30) if there is no such video
+$ youtube-dlc -f '((bv*[fps>30]/bv*)[height<=720]/(wv*[fps>30]/wv*)) + ba / (b[fps>30]/b)[height<=720]/(w[fps>30]/w)'
+# Download the video with the largest resolution no better than 720p,
+# or the video with the smallest resolution available if there is no such video,
+# prefering larger framerate for formats with the same resolution
+$ youtube-dlc -S 'res:720,fps'
- class YourExtractorIE(InfoExtractor):
- _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?yourextractor\.com/watch/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
- _TEST = {
- 'url': 'https://yourextractor.com/watch/42',
- 'md5': 'TODO: md5 sum of the first 10241 bytes of the video file (use --test)',
- 'info_dict': {
- 'id': '42',
- 'ext': 'mp4',
- 'title': 'Video title goes here',
- 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
- # TODO more properties, either as:
- # * A value
- # * MD5 checksum; start the string with md5:
- # * A regular expression; start the string with re:
- # * Any Python type (for example int or float)
- }
- }
- def _real_extract(self, url):
- video_id = self._match_id(url)
- webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
- # TODO more code goes here, for example ...
- title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
-
- return {
- 'id': video_id,
- 'title': title,
- 'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
- 'uploader': self._search_regex(r'<div[^>]+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False),
- # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
- }
- ```
-5. Add an import in [`youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py).
-6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc. Note that tests with `only_matching` key in test's dict are not counted in.
-7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should and may return](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/7f41a598b3fba1bcab2817de64a08941200aa3c8/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L94-L303). Add tests and code for as many as you want.
-8. Make sure your code follows [youtube-dl coding conventions](#youtube-dl-coding-conventions) and check the code with [flake8](http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/index.html#quickstart):
-
- $ flake8 youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
-
-9. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions claimed supported by youtube-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+.
-10. When the tests pass, [add](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and [commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:
-
- $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py
- $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
- $ git commit -m '[yourextractor] Add new extractor'
- $ git push origin yourextractor
-
-11. Finally, [create a pull request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request). We'll then review and merge it.
-
-In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
-
-## youtube-dl coding conventions
-
-This section introduces a guide lines for writing idiomatic, robust and future-proof extractor code.
-
-Extractors are very fragile by nature since they depend on the layout of the source data provided by 3rd party media hosters out of your control and this layout tends to change. As an extractor implementer your task is not only to write code that will extract media links and metadata correctly but also to minimize dependency on the source's layout and even to make the code foresee potential future changes and be ready for that. This is important because it will allow the extractor not to break on minor layout changes thus keeping old youtube-dl versions working. Even though this breakage issue is easily fixed by emitting a new version of youtube-dl with a fix incorporated, all the previous versions become broken in all repositories and distros' packages that may not be so prompt in fetching the update from us. Needless to say, some non rolling release distros may never receive an update at all.
-
-### Mandatory and optional metafields
-
-For extraction to work youtube-dl relies on metadata your extractor extracts and provides to youtube-dl expressed by an [information dictionary](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/7f41a598b3fba1bcab2817de64a08941200aa3c8/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L94-L303) or simply *info dict*. Only the following meta fields in the *info dict* are considered mandatory for a successful extraction process by youtube-dl:
-
- - `id` (media identifier)
- - `title` (media title)
- - `url` (media download URL) or `formats`
-
-In fact only the last option is technically mandatory (i.e. if you can't figure out the download location of the media the extraction does not make any sense). But by convention youtube-dl also treats `id` and `title` as mandatory. Thus the aforementioned metafields are the critical data that the extraction does not make any sense without and if any of them fail to be extracted then the extractor is considered completely broken.
-
-[Any field](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/7f41a598b3fba1bcab2817de64a08941200aa3c8/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L188-L303) apart from the aforementioned ones are considered **optional**. That means that extraction should be **tolerant** to situations when sources for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if they are always available at the moment) and **future-proof** in order not to break the extraction of general purpose mandatory fields.
-
-#### Example
-
-Say you have some source dictionary `meta` that you've fetched as JSON with HTTP request and it has a key `summary`:
-
-```python
-meta = self._download_json(url, video_id)
+# Download the video with smallest resolution no worse than 480p,
+# or the video with the largest resolution available if there is no such video,
+# prefering better codec and then larger total bitrate for the same resolution
+$ youtube-dlc -S '+res:480,codec,br'
```
-
-Assume at this point `meta`'s layout is:
-
-```python
-{
- ...
- "summary": "some fancy summary text",
- ...
-}
-```
-
-Assume you want to extract `summary` and put it into the resulting info dict as `description`. Since `description` is an optional meta field you should be ready that this key may be missing from the `meta` dict, so that you should extract it like:
-
-```python
-description = meta.get('summary') # correct
-```
-
-and not like:
-
-```python
-description = meta['summary'] # incorrect
-```
-
-The latter will break extraction process with `KeyError` if `summary` disappears from `meta` at some later time but with the former approach extraction will just go ahead with `description` set to `None` which is perfectly fine (remember `None` is equivalent to the absence of data).
-
-Similarly, you should pass `fatal=False` when extracting optional data from a webpage with `_search_regex`, `_html_search_regex` or similar methods, for instance:
-
-```python
-description = self._search_regex(
- r'<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<',
- webpage, 'description', fatal=False)
-```
-
-With `fatal` set to `False` if `_search_regex` fails to extract `description` it will emit a warning and continue extraction.
-
-You can also pass `default=<some fallback value>`, for example:
-
-```python
-description = self._search_regex(
- r'<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<',
- webpage, 'description', default=None)
-```
-
-On failure this code will silently continue the extraction with `description` set to `None`. That is useful for metafields that may or may not be present.
-
-### Provide fallbacks
-
-When extracting metadata try to do so from multiple sources. For example if `title` is present in several places, try extracting from at least some of them. This makes it more future-proof in case some of the sources become unavailable.
-
-#### Example
-
-Say `meta` from the previous example has a `title` and you are about to extract it. Since `title` is a mandatory meta field you should end up with something like:
-
-```python
-title = meta['title']
-```
-
-If `title` disappears from `meta` in future due to some changes on the hoster's side the extraction would fail since `title` is mandatory. That's expected.
-
-Assume that you have some another source you can extract `title` from, for example `og:title` HTML meta of a `webpage`. In this case you can provide a fallback scenario:
-
-```python
-title = meta.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage)
-```
-
-This code will try to extract from `meta` first and if it fails it will try extracting `og:title` from a `webpage`.
-
-### Regular expressions
-
-#### Don't capture groups you don't use
-
-Capturing group must be an indication that it's used somewhere in the code. Any group that is not used must be non capturing.
-
-##### Example
-
-Don't capture id attribute name here since you can't use it for anything anyway.
-
-Correct:
-
-```python
-r'(?:id|ID)=(?P<id>\d+)'
-```
-
-Incorrect:
-```python
-r'(id|ID)=(?P<id>\d+)'
-```
-
-
-#### Make regular expressions relaxed and flexible
-
-When using regular expressions try to write them fuzzy, relaxed and flexible, skipping insignificant parts that are more likely to change, allowing both single and double quotes for quoted values and so on.
-
-##### Example
-
-Say you need to extract `title` from the following HTML code:
-
-```html
-<span style="position: absolute; left: 910px; width: 90px; float: right; z-index: 9999;" class="title">some fancy title</span>
-```
-
-The code for that task should look similar to:
-
-```python
-title = self._search_regex(
- r'<span[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)', webpage, 'title')
-```
-
-Or even better:
-
-```python
-title = self._search_regex(
- r'<span[^>]+class=(["\'])title\1[^>]*>(?P<title>[^<]+)',
- webpage, 'title', group='title')
-```
-
-Note how you tolerate potential changes in the `style` attribute's value or switch from using double quotes to single for `class` attribute:
-
-The code definitely should not look like:
-
-```python
-title = self._search_regex(
- r'<span style="position: absolute; left: 910px; width: 90px; float: right; z-index: 9999;" class="title">(.*?)</span>',
- webpage, 'title', group='title')
-```
-
-### Long lines policy
-
-There is a soft limit to keep lines of code under 80 characters long. This means it should be respected if possible and if it does not make readability and code maintenance worse.
-
-For example, you should **never** split long string literals like URLs or some other often copied entities over multiple lines to fit this limit:
-
-Correct:
-
-```python
-'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4'
-```
-
-Incorrect:
-
-```python
-'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list='
-'PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4'
-```
-
-### Use convenience conversion and parsing functions
-
-Wrap all extracted numeric data into safe functions from [`youtube_dl/utils.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/utils.py): `int_or_none`, `float_or_none`. Use them for string to number conversions as well.
-
-Use `url_or_none` for safe URL processing.
-
-Use `try_get` for safe metadata extraction from parsed JSON.
-
-Use `unified_strdate` for uniform `upload_date` or any `YYYYMMDD` meta field extraction, `unified_timestamp` for uniform `timestamp` extraction, `parse_filesize` for `filesize` extraction, `parse_count` for count meta fields extraction, `parse_resolution`, `parse_duration` for `duration` extraction, `parse_age_limit` for `age_limit` extraction.
-
-Explore [`youtube_dl/utils.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/utils.py) for more useful convenience functions.
-
-#### More examples
-
-##### Safely extract optional description from parsed JSON
-```python
-description = try_get(response, lambda x: x['result']['video'][0]['summary'], compat_str)
-```
-
-##### Safely extract more optional metadata
-```python
-video = try_get(response, lambda x: x['result']['video'][0], dict) or {}
-description = video.get('summary')
-duration = float_or_none(video.get('durationMs'), scale=1000)
-view_count = int_or_none(video.get('views'))
-```
-
-# EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL
-
-youtube-dl makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be callable from any programming language. If you encounter any problems parsing its output, feel free to [create a report](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/new).
-
-From a Python program, you can embed youtube-dl in a more powerful fashion, like this:
-
-```python
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-import youtube_dl
-
-ydl_opts = {}
-with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
- ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
-```
-
-Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at [`youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/3e4cedf9e8cd3157df2457df7274d0c842421945/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L137-L312). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object.
-
-Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors (and a short message after the download is finished), and downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file:
-
-```python
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-import youtube_dl
-
-
-class MyLogger(object):
- def debug(self, msg):
- pass
-
- def warning(self, msg):
- pass
-
- def error(self, msg):
- print(msg)
-
-
-def my_hook(d):
- if d['status'] == 'finished':
- print('Done downloading, now converting ...')
-
-
-ydl_opts = {
- 'format': 'bestaudio/best',
- 'postprocessors': [{
- 'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio',
- 'preferredcodec': 'mp3',
- 'preferredquality': '192',
- }],
- 'logger': MyLogger(),
- 'progress_hooks': [my_hook],
-}
-with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
- ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
-```
-
-# BUGS
-
-Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: <https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues>. Unless you were prompted to or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For discussions, join us in the IRC channel [#youtube-dl](irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode ([webchat](https://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)).
-
-**Please include the full output of youtube-dl when run with `-v`**, i.e. **add** `-v` flag to **your command line**, copy the **whole** output and post it in the issue body wrapped in \`\`\` for better formatting. It should look similar to this:
-```
-$ youtube-dl -v <your command line>
-[debug] System config: []
-[debug] User config: []
-[debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj']
-[debug] Encodings: locale cp1251, fs mbcs, out cp866, pref cp1251
-[debug] youtube-dl version 2015.12.06
-[debug] Git HEAD: 135392e
-[debug] Python version 2.6.6 - Windows-2003Server-5.2.3790-SP2
-[debug] exe versions: ffmpeg N-75573-g1d0487f, ffprobe N-75573-g1d0487f, rtmpdump 2.4
-[debug] Proxy map: {}
-...
-```
-**Do not post screenshots of verbose logs; only plain text is acceptable.**
-
-The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging information. Issues without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore do not get solved in short order, if ever.
-
-Please re-read your issue once again to avoid a couple of common mistakes (you can and should use this as a checklist):
-
-### Is the description of the issue itself sufficient?
-
-We often get issue reports that we cannot really decipher. While in most cases we eventually get the required information after asking back multiple times, this poses an unnecessary drain on our resources. Many contributors, including myself, are also not native speakers, so we may misread some parts.
-
-So please elaborate on what feature you are requesting, or what bug you want to be fixed. Make sure that it's obvious
-
-- What the problem is
-- How it could be fixed
-- How your proposed solution would look like
-
-If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing info makes misinterpretation likely. As a committer myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for clarification over and over.
-
-For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the *complete* output of youtube-dl when called with the `-v` flag. The error message you get for (most) bugs even says so, but you would not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this information.
-
-If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding `--call-home` may be a good idea to get more diagnostics. If the error is `ERROR: Unable to extract ...` and you cannot reproduce it from multiple countries, add `--dump-pages` (warning: this will yield a rather large output, redirect it to the file `log.txt` by adding `>log.txt 2>&1` to your command-line) or upload the `.dump` files you get when you add `--write-pages` [somewhere](https://gist.github.com/).
-
-**Site support requests must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like `https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc`. There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. `https://www.youtube.com/`) is *not* an example URL.
-
-### Are you using the latest version?
-
-Before reporting any issue, type `youtube-dl -U`. This should report that you're up-to-date. About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are using outdated versions. This goes for feature requests as well.
-
-### Is the issue already documented?
-
-Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or browse the [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity.
-
-### Why are existing options not enough?
-
-Before requesting a new feature, please have a quick peek at [the list of supported options](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#options). Many feature requests are for features that actually exist already! Please, absolutely do show off your work in the issue report and detail how the existing similar options do *not* solve your problem.
-
-### Is there enough context in your bug report?
-
-People want to solve problems, and often think they do us a favor by breaking down their larger problems (e.g. wanting to skip already downloaded files) to a specific request (e.g. requesting us to look whether the file exists before downloading the info page). However, what often happens is that they break down the problem into two steps: One simple, and one impossible (or extremely complicated one).
-
-We are then presented with a very complicated request when the original problem could be solved far easier, e.g. by recording the downloaded video IDs in a separate file. To avoid this, you must include the greater context where it is non-obvious. In particular, every feature request that does not consist of adding support for a new site should contain a use case scenario that explains in what situation the missing feature would be useful.
-
-### Does the issue involve one problem, and one problem only?
-
-Some of our users seem to think there is a limit of issues they can or should open. There is no limit of issues they can or should open. While it may seem appealing to be able to dump all your issues into one ticket, that means that someone who solves one of your issues cannot mark the issue as closed. Typically, reporting a bunch of issues leads to the ticket lingering since nobody wants to attack that behemoth, until someone mercifully splits the issue into multiple ones.
-
-In particular, every site support request issue should only pertain to services at one site (generally under a common domain, but always using the same backend technology). Do not request support for vimeo user videos, White house podcasts, and Google Plus pages in the same issue. Also, make sure that you don't post bug reports alongside feature requests. As a rule of thumb, a feature request does not include outputs of youtube-dl that are not immediately related to the feature at hand. Do not post reports of a network error alongside the request for a new video service.
-
-### Is anyone going to need the feature?
-
-Only post features that you (or an incapacitated friend you can personally talk to) require. Do not post features because they seem like a good idea. If they are really useful, they will be requested by someone who requires them.
-### Is your question about youtube-dl?
-It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely unrelated to youtube-dl and relate to a different, or even the reporter's own, application. Please make sure that you are actually using youtube-dl. If you are using a UI for youtube-dl, report the bug to the maintainer of the actual application providing the UI. On the other hand, if your UI for youtube-dl fails in some way you believe is related to youtube-dl, by all means, go ahead and report the bug.
-# COPYRIGHT
-youtube-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
-This README file was originally written by [Daniel Bolton](https://github.com/dbbolton) and is likewise released into the public domain.
+# MORE
+For FAQ, Developer Instructions etc., see the [original README](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)
projects / yt-dlp.git / blobdiff