youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 import collections
   4 import errno
   5 import io
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import re
  10 import string
  11 import struct
  12 import traceback
  13 import zlib
  14
  15 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  16 from .subtitles import SubtitlesInfoExtractor
  17 from ..utils import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_parse_qs,
  20     compat_urllib_parse,
  21     compat_urllib_request,
  22     compat_urlparse,
  23     compat_str,
  24
  25     clean_html,
  26     get_cachedir,
  27     get_element_by_id,
  28     get_element_by_attribute,
  29     ExtractorError,
  30     int_or_none,
  31     unescapeHTML,
  32     unified_strdate,
  33     orderedSet,
  34     write_json_file,
  35 )
  36
  37 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  38     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  39     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  40     _LANG_URL = r'https://www.youtube.com/?hl=en&persist_hl=1&gl=US&persist_gl=1&opt_out_ackd=1'
  41     _AGE_URL = 'http://www.youtube.com/verify_age?next_url=/&gl=US&hl=en'
  42     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  43     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  44     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  45
  46     def _set_language(self):
  47         return bool(self._download_webpage(
  48             self._LANG_URL, None,
  49             note=u'Setting language', errnote='unable to set language',
  50             fatal=False))
  51
  52     def _login(self):
  53         (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
  54         # No authentication to be performed
  55         if username is None:
  56             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
  57                 raise ExtractorError(u'No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  58             return False
  59
  60         login_page = self._download_webpage(
  61             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
  62             note=u'Downloading login page',
  63             errnote=u'unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
  64         if login_page is False:
  65             return
  66
  67         galx = self._search_regex(r'(?s)<input.+?name="GALX".+?value="(.+?)"',
  68                                   login_page, u'Login GALX parameter')
  69
  70         # Log in
  71         login_form_strs = {
  72                 u'continue': u'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
  73                 u'Email': username,
  74                 u'GALX': galx,
  75                 u'Passwd': password,
  76                 u'PersistentCookie': u'yes',
  77                 u'_utf8': u'霱',
  78                 u'bgresponse': u'js_disabled',
  79                 u'checkConnection': u'',
  80                 u'checkedDomains': u'youtube',
  81                 u'dnConn': u'',
  82                 u'pstMsg': u'0',
  83                 u'rmShown': u'1',
  84                 u'secTok': u'',
  85                 u'signIn': u'Sign in',
  86                 u'timeStmp': u'',
  87                 u'service': u'youtube',
  88                 u'uilel': u'3',
  89                 u'hl': u'en_US',
  90         }
  91         # Convert to UTF-8 *before* urlencode because Python 2.x's urlencode
  92         # chokes on unicode
  93         login_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k,v in login_form_strs.items())
  94         login_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(login_form).encode('ascii')
  95
  96         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._LOGIN_URL, login_data)
  97         login_results = self._download_webpage(
  98             req, None,
  99             note=u'Logging in', errnote=u'unable to log in', fatal=False)
 100         if login_results is False:
 101             return False
 102         if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', login_results) is not None:
 103             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to log in: bad username or password')
 104             return False
 105         return True
 106
 107     def _confirm_age(self):
 108         age_form = {
 109             'next_url': '/',
 110             'action_confirm': 'Confirm',
 111         }
 112         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._AGE_URL, compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(age_form))
 113
 114         self._download_webpage(
 115             req, None,
 116             note=u'Confirming age', errnote=u'Unable to confirm age')
 117         return True
 118
 119     def _real_initialize(self):
 120         if self._downloader is None:
 121             return
 122         if not self._set_language():
 123             return
 124         if not self._login():
 125             return
 126         self._confirm_age()
 127
 128
 129 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
 130     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com'
 131     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 132                      (
 133                          (?:https?://|//)?                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL (optional)
 134                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 135                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
 136                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com|
 137                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 138                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 139                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 140                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 141                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/)                               # v/ or embed/ or e/
 142                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 143                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?)?    # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 144                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 145                                  (?:.*?&)?                                    # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx)
 146                                  v=
 147                              )
 148                          ))
 149                          |youtu\.be/                                          # just youtu.be/xxxx
 150                          )
 151                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 152                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 153                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 154                      $"""
 155     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 156     _formats = {
 157         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240},
 158         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270},
 159         '13': {'ext': '3gp'},
 160         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144},
 161         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 162         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720},
 163         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 164         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 165         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'height': 240},
 166         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080},
 167         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072},
 168         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360},
 169         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480},
 170         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720},
 171         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080},
 172
 173
 174         # 3d videos
 175         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 176         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 177         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 178         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 179         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 180         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 181         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': '3D', 'preference': -20},
 182
 183         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 184         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 185         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 186         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 187         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 188         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 189         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 190         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'resolution': '72p', 'format_note': 'HLS', 'preference': -10},
 191
 192         # DASH mp4 video
 193         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 194         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 195         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 196         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 197         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 198         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1081, 'resolution': '>1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 199         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 192, 'resolution': '192p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 200         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'preference': -40},
 201
 202         # Dash mp4 audio
 203         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 48, 'preference': -50},
 204         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 128, 'preference': -50},
 205         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'vcodec': 'none', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50},
 206
 207         # Dash webm
 208         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'resolution': '240p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 209         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'resolution': '360p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 210         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 211         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 212         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'resolution': '480p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 213         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'resolution': '720p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 214         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'resolution': '1080p', 'format_note': 'DASH webm', 'preference': -40},
 215
 216         # Dash webm audio
 217         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH webm audio', 'abr': 48, 'preference': -50},
 218         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'none', 'format_note': 'DASH webm audio', 'abr': 256, 'preference': -50},
 219
 220         # RTMP (unnamed)
 221         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 222     }
 223
 224     IE_NAME = u'youtube'
 225     _TESTS = [
 226         {
 227             u"url":  u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc",
 228             u"file":  u"BaW_jenozKc.mp4",
 229             u"info_dict": {
 230                 u"title": u"youtube-dl test video \"'/\\ä↭𝕐",
 231                 u"uploader": u"Philipp Hagemeister",
 232                 u"uploader_id": u"phihag",
 233                 u"upload_date": u"20121002",
 234                 u"description": u"test chars:  \"'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de ."
 235             }
 236         },
 237         {
 238             u"url":  u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY",
 239             u"file":  u"UxxajLWwzqY.mp4",
 240             u"note": u"Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)",
 241             u"info_dict": {
 242                 u"upload_date": u"20120506",
 243                 u"title": u"Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]",
 244                 u"description": u"md5:5b292926389560516e384ac437c0ec07",
 245                 u"uploader": u"Icona Pop",
 246                 u"uploader_id": u"IconaPop"
 247             }
 248         },
 249         {
 250             u"url":  u"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ",
 251             u"file":  u"07FYdnEawAQ.mp4",
 252             u"note": u"Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)",
 253             u"info_dict": {
 254                 u"upload_date": u"20130703",
 255                 u"title": u"Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Explicit)",
 256                 u"description": u"md5:64249768eec3bc4276236606ea996373",
 257                 u"uploader": u"justintimberlakeVEVO",
 258                 u"uploader_id": u"justintimberlakeVEVO"
 259             }
 260         },
 261         {
 262             u"url":  u"//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ",
 263             u"file":  u"yZIXLfi8CZQ.mp4",
 264             u"note": u"Embed-only video (#1746)",
 265             u"info_dict": {
 266                 u"upload_date": u"20120608",
 267                 u"title": u"Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012",
 268                 u"description": u"md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7",
 269                 u"uploader": u"SET India",
 270                 u"uploader_id": u"setindia"
 271             }
 272         },
 273         {
 274             u"url": u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I",
 275             u"file": u"a9LDPn-MO4I.m4a",
 276             u"note": u"256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest",
 277             u"params": {
 278                 u"format": "141"
 279             },
 280             u"info_dict": {
 281                 u"upload_date": "20121002",
 282                 u"uploader_id": "8KVIDEO",
 283                 u"description": "No description available.",
 284                 u"uploader": "8KVIDEO",
 285                 u"title": "UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4"
 286             }
 287         },
 288     ]
 289
 290
 291     @classmethod
 292     def suitable(cls, url):
 293         """Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
 294         if YoutubePlaylistIE.suitable(url): return False
 295         return re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url) is not None
 296
 297     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 298         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 299         self._player_cache = {}
 300
 301     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
 302         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
 303         self.to_screen(u'%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
 304
 305     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
 306         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
 307         self.to_screen(u'%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
 308
 309     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
 310         """Report extracted video URL."""
 311         self.to_screen(u'%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
 312
 313     def report_rtmp_download(self):
 314         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
 315         self.to_screen(u'RTMP download detected')
 316
 317     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, slen):
 318         id_m = re.match(r'.*-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
 319                         player_url)
 320         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
 321         player_id = id_m.group('id')
 322
 323         # Read from filesystem cache
 324         func_id = '%s_%s_%d' % (player_type, player_id, slen)
 325         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
 326         cache_dir = get_cachedir(self._downloader.params)
 327
 328         cache_enabled = cache_dir is not None
 329         if cache_enabled:
 330             cache_fn = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(cache_dir),
 331                                     u'youtube-sigfuncs',
 332                                     func_id + '.json')
 333             try:
 334                 with io.open(cache_fn, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as cachef:
 335                     cache_spec = json.load(cachef)
 336                 return lambda s: u''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
 337             except IOError:
 338                 pass  # No cache available
 339
 340         if player_type == 'js':
 341             code = self._download_webpage(
 342                 player_url, video_id,
 343                 note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
 344                 errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 345             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
 346         elif player_type == 'swf':
 347             urlh = self._request_webpage(
 348                 player_url, video_id,
 349                 note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
 350                 errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 351             code = urlh.read()
 352             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
 353         else:
 354             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
 355
 356         if cache_enabled:
 357             try:
 358                 test_string = u''.join(map(compat_chr, range(slen)))
 359                 cache_res = res(test_string)
 360                 cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 361                 try:
 362                     os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(cache_fn))
 363                 except OSError as ose:
 364                     if ose.errno != errno.EEXIST:
 365                         raise
 366                 write_json_file(cache_spec, cache_fn)
 367             except Exception:
 368                 tb = traceback.format_exc()
 369                 self._downloader.report_warning(
 370                     u'Writing cache to %r failed: %s' % (cache_fn, tb))
 371
 372         return res
 373
 374     def _print_sig_code(self, func, slen):
 375         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
 376             def _genslice(start, end, step):
 377                 starts = u'' if start == 0 else str(start)
 378                 ends = (u':%d' % (end+step)) if end + step >= 0 else u':'
 379                 steps = u'' if step == 1 else (u':%d' % step)
 380                 return u's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
 381
 382             step = None
 383             start = '(Never used)'  # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be
 384                                     # set as soon as step is set
 385             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
 386                 if step is not None:
 387                     if i - prev == step:
 388                         continue
 389                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
 390                     step = None
 391                     continue
 392                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
 393                     step = i - prev
 394                     start = prev
 395                     continue
 396                 else:
 397                     yield u's[%d]' % prev
 398             if step is None:
 399                 yield u's[%d]' % i
 400             else:
 401                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
 402
 403         test_string = u''.join(map(compat_chr, range(slen)))
 404         cache_res = func(test_string)
 405         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 406         expr_code = u' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
 407         code = u'if len(s) == %d:\n    return %s\n' % (slen, expr_code)
 408         self.to_screen(u'Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
 409
 410     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
 411         funcname = self._search_regex(
 412             r'signature=([a-zA-Z]+)', jscode,
 413             u'Initial JS player signature function name')
 414
 415         functions = {}
 416
 417         def argidx(varname):
 418             return string.lowercase.index(varname)
 419
 420         def interpret_statement(stmt, local_vars, allow_recursion=20):
 421             if allow_recursion < 0:
 422                 raise ExtractorError(u'Recursion limit reached')
 423
 424             if stmt.startswith(u'var '):
 425                 stmt = stmt[len(u'var '):]
 426             ass_m = re.match(r'^(?P<out>[a-z]+)(?:\[(?P<index>[^\]]+)\])?' +
 427                              r'=(?P<expr>.*)$', stmt)
 428             if ass_m:
 429                 if ass_m.groupdict().get('index'):
 430                     def assign(val):
 431                         lvar = local_vars[ass_m.group('out')]
 432                         idx = interpret_expression(ass_m.group('index'),
 433                                                    local_vars, allow_recursion)
 434                         assert isinstance(idx, int)
 435                         lvar[idx] = val
 436                         return val
 437                     expr = ass_m.group('expr')
 438                 else:
 439                     def assign(val):
 440                         local_vars[ass_m.group('out')] = val
 441                         return val
 442                     expr = ass_m.group('expr')
 443             elif stmt.startswith(u'return '):
 444                 assign = lambda v: v
 445                 expr = stmt[len(u'return '):]
 446             else:
 447                 raise ExtractorError(
 448                     u'Cannot determine left side of statement in %r' % stmt)
 449
 450             v = interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
 451             return assign(v)
 452
 453         def interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion):
 454             if expr.isdigit():
 455                 return int(expr)
 456
 457             if expr.isalpha():
 458                 return local_vars[expr]
 459
 460             m = re.match(r'^(?P<in>[a-z]+)\.(?P<member>.*)$', expr)
 461             if m:
 462                 member = m.group('member')
 463                 val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
 464                 if member == 'split("")':
 465                     return list(val)
 466                 if member == 'join("")':
 467                     return u''.join(val)
 468                 if member == 'length':
 469                     return len(val)
 470                 if member == 'reverse()':
 471                     return val[::-1]
 472                 slice_m = re.match(r'slice\((?P<idx>.*)\)', member)
 473                 if slice_m:
 474                     idx = interpret_expression(
 475                         slice_m.group('idx'), local_vars, allow_recursion-1)
 476                     return val[idx:]
 477
 478             m = re.match(
 479                 r'^(?P<in>[a-z]+)\[(?P<idx>.+)\]$', expr)
 480             if m:
 481                 val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
 482                 idx = interpret_expression(m.group('idx'), local_vars,
 483                                            allow_recursion-1)
 484                 return val[idx]
 485
 486             m = re.match(r'^(?P<a>.+?)(?P<op>[%])(?P<b>.+?)$', expr)
 487             if m:
 488                 a = interpret_expression(m.group('a'),
 489                                          local_vars, allow_recursion)
 490                 b = interpret_expression(m.group('b'),
 491                                          local_vars, allow_recursion)
 492                 return a % b
 493
 494             m = re.match(
 495                 r'^(?P<func>[a-zA-Z]+)\((?P<args>[a-z0-9,]+)\)$', expr)
 496             if m:
 497                 fname = m.group('func')
 498                 if fname not in functions:
 499                     functions[fname] = extract_function(fname)
 500                 argvals = [int(v) if v.isdigit() else local_vars[v]
 501                            for v in m.group('args').split(',')]
 502                 return functions[fname](argvals)
 503             raise ExtractorError(u'Unsupported JS expression %r' % expr)
 504
 505         def extract_function(funcname):
 506             func_m = re.search(
 507                 r'function ' + re.escape(funcname) +
 508                 r'\((?P<args>[a-z,]+)\){(?P<code>[^}]+)}',
 509                 jscode)
 510             argnames = func_m.group('args').split(',')
 511
 512             def resf(args):
 513                 local_vars = dict(zip(argnames, args))
 514                 for stmt in func_m.group('code').split(';'):
 515                     res = interpret_statement(stmt, local_vars)
 516                 return res
 517             return resf
 518
 519         initial_function = extract_function(funcname)
 520         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 521
 522     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
 523         if file_contents[1:3] != b'WS':
 524             raise ExtractorError(
 525                 u'Not an SWF file; header is %r' % file_contents[:3])
 526         if file_contents[:1] == b'C':
 527             content = zlib.decompress(file_contents[8:])
 528         else:
 529             raise NotImplementedError(u'Unsupported compression format %r' %
 530                                       file_contents[:1])
 531
 532         def extract_tags(content):
 533             pos = 0
 534             while pos < len(content):
 535                 header16 = struct.unpack('<H', content[pos:pos+2])[0]
 536                 pos += 2
 537                 tag_code = header16 >> 6
 538                 tag_len = header16 & 0x3f
 539                 if tag_len == 0x3f:
 540                     tag_len = struct.unpack('<I', content[pos:pos+4])[0]
 541                     pos += 4
 542                 assert pos+tag_len <= len(content)
 543                 yield (tag_code, content[pos:pos+tag_len])
 544                 pos += tag_len
 545
 546         code_tag = next(tag
 547                         for tag_code, tag in extract_tags(content)
 548                         if tag_code == 82)
 549         p = code_tag.index(b'\0', 4) + 1
 550         code_reader = io.BytesIO(code_tag[p:])
 551
 552         # Parse ABC (AVM2 ByteCode)
 553         def read_int(reader=None):
 554             if reader is None:
 555                 reader = code_reader
 556             res = 0
 557             shift = 0
 558             for _ in range(5):
 559                 buf = reader.read(1)
 560                 assert len(buf) == 1
 561                 b = struct.unpack('<B', buf)[0]
 562                 res = res | ((b & 0x7f) << shift)
 563                 if b & 0x80 == 0:
 564                     break
 565                 shift += 7
 566             return res
 567
 568         def u30(reader=None):
 569             res = read_int(reader)
 570             assert res & 0xf0000000 == 0
 571             return res
 572         u32 = read_int
 573
 574         def s32(reader=None):
 575             v = read_int(reader)
 576             if v & 0x80000000 != 0:
 577                 v = - ((v ^ 0xffffffff) + 1)
 578             return v
 579
 580         def read_string(reader=None):
 581             if reader is None:
 582                 reader = code_reader
 583             slen = u30(reader)
 584             resb = reader.read(slen)
 585             assert len(resb) == slen
 586             return resb.decode('utf-8')
 587
 588         def read_bytes(count, reader=None):
 589             if reader is None:
 590                 reader = code_reader
 591             resb = reader.read(count)
 592             assert len(resb) == count
 593             return resb
 594
 595         def read_byte(reader=None):
 596             resb = read_bytes(1, reader=reader)
 597             res = struct.unpack('<B', resb)[0]
 598             return res
 599
 600         # minor_version + major_version
 601         read_bytes(2 + 2)
 602
 603         # Constant pool
 604         int_count = u30()
 605         for _c in range(1, int_count):
 606             s32()
 607         uint_count = u30()
 608         for _c in range(1, uint_count):
 609             u32()
 610         double_count = u30()
 611         read_bytes((double_count-1) * 8)
 612         string_count = u30()
 613         constant_strings = [u'']
 614         for _c in range(1, string_count):
 615             s = read_string()
 616             constant_strings.append(s)
 617         namespace_count = u30()
 618         for _c in range(1, namespace_count):
 619             read_bytes(1)  # kind
 620             u30()  # name
 621         ns_set_count = u30()
 622         for _c in range(1, ns_set_count):
 623             count = u30()
 624             for _c2 in range(count):
 625                 u30()
 626         multiname_count = u30()
 627         MULTINAME_SIZES = {
 628             0x07: 2,  # QName
 629             0x0d: 2,  # QNameA
 630             0x0f: 1,  # RTQName
 631             0x10: 1,  # RTQNameA
 632             0x11: 0,  # RTQNameL
 633             0x12: 0,  # RTQNameLA
 634             0x09: 2,  # Multiname
 635             0x0e: 2,  # MultinameA
 636             0x1b: 1,  # MultinameL
 637             0x1c: 1,  # MultinameLA
 638         }
 639         multinames = [u'']
 640         for _c in range(1, multiname_count):
 641             kind = u30()
 642             assert kind in MULTINAME_SIZES, u'Invalid multiname kind %r' % kind
 643             if kind == 0x07:
 644                 u30()  # namespace_idx
 645                 name_idx = u30()
 646                 multinames.append(constant_strings[name_idx])
 647             else:
 648                 multinames.append('[MULTINAME kind: %d]' % kind)
 649                 for _c2 in range(MULTINAME_SIZES[kind]):
 650                     u30()
 651
 652         # Methods
 653         method_count = u30()
 654         MethodInfo = collections.namedtuple(
 655             'MethodInfo',
 656             ['NEED_ARGUMENTS', 'NEED_REST'])
 657         method_infos = []
 658         for method_id in range(method_count):
 659             param_count = u30()
 660             u30()  # return type
 661             for _ in range(param_count):
 662                 u30()  # param type
 663             u30()  # name index (always 0 for youtube)
 664             flags = read_byte()
 665             if flags & 0x08 != 0:
 666                 # Options present
 667                 option_count = u30()
 668                 for c in range(option_count):
 669                     u30()  # val
 670                     read_bytes(1)  # kind
 671             if flags & 0x80 != 0:
 672                 # Param names present
 673                 for _ in range(param_count):
 674                     u30()  # param name
 675             mi = MethodInfo(flags & 0x01 != 0, flags & 0x04 != 0)
 676             method_infos.append(mi)
 677
 678         # Metadata
 679         metadata_count = u30()
 680         for _c in range(metadata_count):
 681             u30()  # name
 682             item_count = u30()
 683             for _c2 in range(item_count):
 684                 u30()  # key
 685                 u30()  # value
 686
 687         def parse_traits_info():
 688             trait_name_idx = u30()
 689             kind_full = read_byte()
 690             kind = kind_full & 0x0f
 691             attrs = kind_full >> 4
 692             methods = {}
 693             if kind in [0x00, 0x06]:  # Slot or Const
 694                 u30()  # Slot id
 695                 u30()  # type_name_idx
 696                 vindex = u30()
 697                 if vindex != 0:
 698                     read_byte()  # vkind
 699             elif kind in [0x01, 0x02, 0x03]:  # Method / Getter / Setter
 700                 u30()  # disp_id
 701                 method_idx = u30()
 702                 methods[multinames[trait_name_idx]] = method_idx
 703             elif kind == 0x04:  # Class
 704                 u30()  # slot_id
 705                 u30()  # classi
 706             elif kind == 0x05:  # Function
 707                 u30()  # slot_id
 708                 function_idx = u30()
 709                 methods[function_idx] = multinames[trait_name_idx]
 710             else:
 711                 raise ExtractorError(u'Unsupported trait kind %d' % kind)
 712
 713             if attrs & 0x4 != 0:  # Metadata present
 714                 metadata_count = u30()
 715                 for _c3 in range(metadata_count):
 716                     u30()  # metadata index
 717
 718             return methods
 719
 720         # Classes
 721         TARGET_CLASSNAME = u'SignatureDecipher'
 722         searched_idx = multinames.index(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 723         searched_class_id = None
 724         class_count = u30()
 725         for class_id in range(class_count):
 726             name_idx = u30()
 727             if name_idx == searched_idx:
 728                 # We found the class we're looking for!
 729                 searched_class_id = class_id
 730             u30()  # super_name idx
 731             flags = read_byte()
 732             if flags & 0x08 != 0:  # Protected namespace is present
 733                 u30()  # protected_ns_idx
 734             intrf_count = u30()
 735             for _c2 in range(intrf_count):
 736                 u30()
 737             u30()  # iinit
 738             trait_count = u30()
 739             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 740                 parse_traits_info()
 741
 742         if searched_class_id is None:
 743             raise ExtractorError(u'Target class %r not found' %
 744                                  TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 745
 746         method_names = {}
 747         method_idxs = {}
 748         for class_id in range(class_count):
 749             u30()  # cinit
 750             trait_count = u30()
 751             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 752                 trait_methods = parse_traits_info()
 753                 if class_id == searched_class_id:
 754                     method_names.update(trait_methods.items())
 755                     method_idxs.update(dict(
 756                         (idx, name)
 757                         for name, idx in trait_methods.items()))
 758
 759         # Scripts
 760         script_count = u30()
 761         for _c in range(script_count):
 762             u30()  # init
 763             trait_count = u30()
 764             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 765                 parse_traits_info()
 766
 767         # Method bodies
 768         method_body_count = u30()
 769         Method = collections.namedtuple('Method', ['code', 'local_count'])
 770         methods = {}
 771         for _c in range(method_body_count):
 772             method_idx = u30()
 773             u30()  # max_stack
 774             local_count = u30()
 775             u30()  # init_scope_depth
 776             u30()  # max_scope_depth
 777             code_length = u30()
 778             code = read_bytes(code_length)
 779             if method_idx in method_idxs:
 780                 m = Method(code, local_count)
 781                 methods[method_idxs[method_idx]] = m
 782             exception_count = u30()
 783             for _c2 in range(exception_count):
 784                 u30()  # from
 785                 u30()  # to
 786                 u30()  # target
 787                 u30()  # exc_type
 788                 u30()  # var_name
 789             trait_count = u30()
 790             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 791                 parse_traits_info()
 792
 793         assert p + code_reader.tell() == len(code_tag)
 794         assert len(methods) == len(method_idxs)
 795
 796         method_pyfunctions = {}
 797
 798         def extract_function(func_name):
 799             if func_name in method_pyfunctions:
 800                 return method_pyfunctions[func_name]
 801             if func_name not in methods:
 802                 raise ExtractorError(u'Cannot find function %r' % func_name)
 803             m = methods[func_name]
 804
 805             def resfunc(args):
 806                 registers = ['(this)'] + list(args) + [None] * m.local_count
 807                 stack = []
 808                 coder = io.BytesIO(m.code)
 809                 while True:
 810                     opcode = struct.unpack('!B', coder.read(1))[0]
 811                     if opcode == 36:  # pushbyte
 812                         v = struct.unpack('!B', coder.read(1))[0]
 813                         stack.append(v)
 814                     elif opcode == 44:  # pushstring
 815                         idx = u30(coder)
 816                         stack.append(constant_strings[idx])
 817                     elif opcode == 48:  # pushscope
 818                         # We don't implement the scope register, so we'll just
 819                         # ignore the popped value
 820                         stack.pop()
 821                     elif opcode == 70:  # callproperty
 822                         index = u30(coder)
 823                         mname = multinames[index]
 824                         arg_count = u30(coder)
 825                         args = list(reversed(
 826                             [stack.pop() for _ in range(arg_count)]))
 827                         obj = stack.pop()
 828                         if mname == u'split':
 829                             assert len(args) == 1
 830                             assert isinstance(args[0], compat_str)
 831                             assert isinstance(obj, compat_str)
 832                             if args[0] == u'':
 833                                 res = list(obj)
 834                             else:
 835                                 res = obj.split(args[0])
 836                             stack.append(res)
 837                         elif mname == u'slice':
 838                             assert len(args) == 1
 839                             assert isinstance(args[0], int)
 840                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 841                             res = obj[args[0]:]
 842                             stack.append(res)
 843                         elif mname == u'join':
 844                             assert len(args) == 1
 845                             assert isinstance(args[0], compat_str)
 846                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 847                             res = args[0].join(obj)
 848                             stack.append(res)
 849                         elif mname in method_pyfunctions:
 850                             stack.append(method_pyfunctions[mname](args))
 851                         else:
 852                             raise NotImplementedError(
 853                                 u'Unsupported property %r on %r'
 854                                 % (mname, obj))
 855                     elif opcode == 72:  # returnvalue
 856                         res = stack.pop()
 857                         return res
 858                     elif opcode == 79:  # callpropvoid
 859                         index = u30(coder)
 860                         mname = multinames[index]
 861                         arg_count = u30(coder)
 862                         args = list(reversed(
 863                             [stack.pop() for _ in range(arg_count)]))
 864                         obj = stack.pop()
 865                         if mname == u'reverse':
 866                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 867                             obj.reverse()
 868                         else:
 869                             raise NotImplementedError(
 870                                 u'Unsupported (void) property %r on %r'
 871                                 % (mname, obj))
 872                     elif opcode == 93:  # findpropstrict
 873                         index = u30(coder)
 874                         mname = multinames[index]
 875                         res = extract_function(mname)
 876                         stack.append(res)
 877                     elif opcode == 97:  # setproperty
 878                         index = u30(coder)
 879                         value = stack.pop()
 880                         idx = stack.pop()
 881                         obj = stack.pop()
 882                         assert isinstance(obj, list)
 883                         assert isinstance(idx, int)
 884                         obj[idx] = value
 885                     elif opcode == 98:  # getlocal
 886                         index = u30(coder)
 887                         stack.append(registers[index])
 888                     elif opcode == 99:  # setlocal
 889                         index = u30(coder)
 890                         value = stack.pop()
 891                         registers[index] = value
 892                     elif opcode == 102:  # getproperty
 893                         index = u30(coder)
 894                         pname = multinames[index]
 895                         if pname == u'length':
 896                             obj = stack.pop()
 897                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 898                             stack.append(len(obj))
 899                         else:  # Assume attribute access
 900                             idx = stack.pop()
 901                             assert isinstance(idx, int)
 902                             obj = stack.pop()
 903                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 904                             stack.append(obj[idx])
 905                     elif opcode == 128:  # coerce
 906                         u30(coder)
 907                     elif opcode == 133:  # coerce_s
 908                         assert isinstance(stack[-1], (type(None), compat_str))
 909                     elif opcode == 164:  # modulo
 910                         value2 = stack.pop()
 911                         value1 = stack.pop()
 912                         res = value1 % value2
 913                         stack.append(res)
 914                     elif opcode == 208:  # getlocal_0
 915                         stack.append(registers[0])
 916                     elif opcode == 209:  # getlocal_1
 917                         stack.append(registers[1])
 918                     elif opcode == 210:  # getlocal_2
 919                         stack.append(registers[2])
 920                     elif opcode == 211:  # getlocal_3
 921                         stack.append(registers[3])
 922                     elif opcode == 214:  # setlocal_2
 923                         registers[2] = stack.pop()
 924                     elif opcode == 215:  # setlocal_3
 925                         registers[3] = stack.pop()
 926                     else:
 927                         raise NotImplementedError(
 928                             u'Unsupported opcode %d' % opcode)
 929
 930             method_pyfunctions[func_name] = resfunc
 931             return resfunc
 932
 933         initial_function = extract_function(u'decipher')
 934         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 935
 936     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
 937         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
 938
 939         if player_url is not None:
 940             if player_url.startswith(u'//'):
 941                 player_url = u'https:' + player_url
 942             try:
 943                 player_id = (player_url, len(s))
 944                 if player_id not in self._player_cache:
 945                     func = self._extract_signature_function(
 946                         video_id, player_url, len(s)
 947                     )
 948                     self._player_cache[player_id] = func
 949                 func = self._player_cache[player_id]
 950                 if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
 951                     self._print_sig_code(func, len(s))
 952                 return func(s)
 953             except Exception:
 954                 tb = traceback.format_exc()
 955                 self._downloader.report_warning(
 956                     u'Automatic signature extraction failed: ' + tb)
 957
 958             self._downloader.report_warning(
 959                 u'Warning: Falling back to static signature algorithm')
 960
 961         return self._static_decrypt_signature(
 962             s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
 963
 964     def _static_decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate):
 965         if age_gate:
 966             # The videos with age protection use another player, so the
 967             # algorithms can be different.
 968             if len(s) == 86:
 969                 return s[2:63] + s[82] + s[64:82] + s[63]
 970
 971         if len(s) == 93:
 972             return s[86:29:-1] + s[88] + s[28:5:-1]
 973         elif len(s) == 92:
 974             return s[25] + s[3:25] + s[0] + s[26:42] + s[79] + s[43:79] + s[91] + s[80:83]
 975         elif len(s) == 91:
 976             return s[84:27:-1] + s[86] + s[26:5:-1]
 977         elif len(s) == 90:
 978             return s[25] + s[3:25] + s[2] + s[26:40] + s[77] + s[41:77] + s[89] + s[78:81]
 979         elif len(s) == 89:
 980             return s[84:78:-1] + s[87] + s[77:60:-1] + s[0] + s[59:3:-1]
 981         elif len(s) == 88:
 982             return s[7:28] + s[87] + s[29:45] + s[55] + s[46:55] + s[2] + s[56:87] + s[28]
 983         elif len(s) == 87:
 984             return s[6:27] + s[4] + s[28:39] + s[27] + s[40:59] + s[2] + s[60:]
 985         elif len(s) == 86:
 986             return s[80:72:-1] + s[16] + s[71:39:-1] + s[72] + s[38:16:-1] + s[82] + s[15::-1]
 987         elif len(s) == 85:
 988             return s[3:11] + s[0] + s[12:55] + s[84] + s[56:84]
 989         elif len(s) == 84:
 990             return s[78:70:-1] + s[14] + s[69:37:-1] + s[70] + s[36:14:-1] + s[80] + s[:14][::-1]
 991         elif len(s) == 83:
 992             return s[80:63:-1] + s[0] + s[62:0:-1] + s[63]
 993         elif len(s) == 82:
 994             return s[80:37:-1] + s[7] + s[36:7:-1] + s[0] + s[6:0:-1] + s[37]
 995         elif len(s) == 81:
 996             return s[56] + s[79:56:-1] + s[41] + s[55:41:-1] + s[80] + s[40:34:-1] + s[0] + s[33:29:-1] + s[34] + s[28:9:-1] + s[29] + s[8:0:-1] + s[9]
 997         elif len(s) == 80:
 998             return s[1:19] + s[0] + s[20:68] + s[19] + s[69:80]
 999         elif len(s) == 79:
1000             return s[54] + s[77:54:-1] + s[39] + s[53:39:-1] + s[78] + s[38:34:-1] + s[0] + s[33:29:-1] + s[34] + s[28:9:-1] + s[29] + s[8:0:-1] + s[9]
1001
1002         else:
1003             raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to decrypt signature, key length %d not supported; retrying might work' % (len(s)))
1004
1005     def _get_available_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1006         try:
1007             sub_list = self._download_webpage(
1008                 'http://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1009                 video_id, note=False)
1010         except ExtractorError as err:
1011             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to download video subtitles: %s' % compat_str(err))
1012             return {}
1013         lang_list = re.findall(r'name="([^"]*)"[^>]+lang_code="([\w\-]+)"', sub_list)
1014
1015         sub_lang_list = {}
1016         for l in lang_list:
1017             lang = l[1]
1018             params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1019                 'lang': lang,
1020                 'v': video_id,
1021                 'fmt': self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt'),
1022                 'name': unescapeHTML(l[0]).encode('utf-8'),
1023             })
1024             url = u'http://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params
1025             sub_lang_list[lang] = url
1026         if not sub_lang_list:
1027             self._downloader.report_warning(u'video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1028             return {}
1029         return sub_lang_list
1030
1031     def _get_available_automatic_caption(self, video_id, webpage):
1032         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1033            argument to speed up the process."""
1034         sub_format = self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt')
1035         self.to_screen(u'%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1036         mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', webpage)
1037         err_msg = u'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1038         if mobj is None:
1039             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1040             return {}
1041         player_config = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
1042         try:
1043             args = player_config[u'args']
1044             caption_url = args[u'ttsurl']
1045             timestamp = args[u'timestamp']
1046             # We get the available subtitles
1047             list_params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1048                 'type': 'list',
1049                 'tlangs': 1,
1050                 'asrs': 1,
1051             })
1052             list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1053             caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1054             original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1055             if original_lang_node is None or original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind') != 'asr' :
1056                 self._downloader.report_warning(u'Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1057                 return {}
1058             original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1059
1060             sub_lang_list = {}
1061             for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1062                 sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1063                 params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1064                     'lang': original_lang,
1065                     'tlang': sub_lang,
1066                     'fmt': sub_format,
1067                     'ts': timestamp,
1068                     'kind': 'asr',
1069                 })
1070                 sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = caption_url + '&' + params
1071             return sub_lang_list
1072         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1073         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1074         except (KeyError, ExtractorError):
1075             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1076             return {}
1077
1078     def _extract_id(self, url):
1079         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1080         if mobj is None:
1081             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1082         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1083         return video_id
1084
1085     def _extract_from_m3u8(self, manifest_url, video_id):
1086         url_map = {}
1087         def _get_urls(_manifest):
1088             lines = _manifest.split('\n')
1089             urls = filter(lambda l: l and not l.startswith('#'),
1090                             lines)
1091             return urls
1092         manifest = self._download_webpage(manifest_url, video_id, u'Downloading formats manifest')
1093         formats_urls = _get_urls(manifest)
1094         for format_url in formats_urls:
1095             itag = self._search_regex(r'itag/(\d+?)/', format_url, 'itag')
1096             url_map[itag] = format_url
1097         return url_map
1098
1099     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1100         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
1101         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note=u'Searching for annotations.', errnote=u'Unable to download video annotations.')
1102
1103     def _real_extract(self, url):
1104         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1105         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1106         if mobj:
1107             url = 'https://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse.unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1108         video_id = self._extract_id(url)
1109
1110         # Get video webpage
1111         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1' % video_id
1112         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1113
1114         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1115         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1116         if mobj is not None:
1117             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1118         else:
1119             player_url = None
1120
1121         # Get video info
1122         self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1123         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1124             self.report_age_confirmation()
1125             age_gate = True
1126             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1127             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1128             data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'video_id': video_id,
1129                                                   'el': 'player_embedded',
1130                                                   'gl': 'US',
1131                                                   'hl': 'en',
1132                                                   'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1133                                                   'asv': 3,
1134                                                   'sts':'1588',
1135                                                   })
1136             video_info_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1137             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
1138                                     note=False,
1139                                     errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1140             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1141         else:
1142             age_gate = False
1143             for el_type in ['&el=embedded', '&el=detailpage', '&el=vevo', '']:
1144                 video_info_url = ('https://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&video_id=%s%s&ps=default&eurl=&gl=US&hl=en'
1145                         % (video_id, el_type))
1146                 video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
1147                                         note=False,
1148                                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1149                 video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1150                 if 'token' in video_info:
1151                     break
1152         if 'token' not in video_info:
1153             if 'reason' in video_info:
1154                 raise ExtractorError(u'YouTube said: %s' % video_info['reason'][0], expected=True)
1155             else:
1156                 raise ExtractorError(u'"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason')
1157
1158         if 'view_count' in video_info:
1159             view_count = int(video_info['view_count'][0])
1160         else:
1161             view_count = None
1162
1163         # Check for "rental" videos
1164         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1165             raise ExtractorError(u'"rental" videos not supported')
1166
1167         # Start extracting information
1168         self.report_information_extraction(video_id)
1169
1170         # uploader
1171         if 'author' not in video_info:
1172             raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to extract uploader name')
1173         video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['author'][0])
1174
1175         # uploader_id
1176         video_uploader_id = None
1177         mobj = re.search(r'<link itemprop="url" href="http://www.youtube.com/(?:user|channel)/([^"]+)">', video_webpage)
1178         if mobj is not None:
1179             video_uploader_id = mobj.group(1)
1180         else:
1181             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract uploader nickname')
1182
1183         # title
1184         if 'title' in video_info:
1185             video_title = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['title'][0])
1186         else:
1187             self._downloader.report_warning(u'Unable to extract video title')
1188             video_title = u'_'
1189
1190         # thumbnail image
1191         # We try first to get a high quality image:
1192         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
1193                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
1194         if m_thumb is not None:
1195             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
1196         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
1197             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video thumbnail')
1198             video_thumbnail = None
1199         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
1200             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
1201
1202         # upload date
1203         upload_date = None
1204         mobj = re.search(r'id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>', video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
1205         if mobj is not None:
1206             upload_date = ' '.join(re.sub(r'[/,-]', r' ', mobj.group(1)).split())
1207             upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
1208
1209         # description
1210         video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1211         if video_description:
1212             video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1213                 <a\s+
1214                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
1215                     title="([^"]+)"\s+
1216                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
1217                     class="yt-uix-redirect-link"\s*>
1218                 [^<]+
1219                 </a>
1220             ''', r'\1', video_description)
1221             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1222         else:
1223             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1224             if fd_mobj:
1225                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1226             else:
1227                 video_description = u''
1228
1229         def _extract_count(klass):
1230             count = self._search_regex(
1231                 r'class="%s">([\d,]+)</span>' % re.escape(klass),
1232                 video_webpage, klass, default=None)
1233             if count is not None:
1234                 return int(count.replace(',', ''))
1235             return None
1236         like_count = _extract_count(u'likes-count')
1237         dislike_count = _extract_count(u'dislikes-count')
1238
1239         # subtitles
1240         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1241
1242         if self._downloader.params.get('listsubtitles', False):
1243             self._list_available_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1244             return
1245
1246         if 'length_seconds' not in video_info:
1247             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video duration')
1248             video_duration = None
1249         else:
1250             video_duration = int(compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['length_seconds'][0]))
1251
1252         # annotations
1253         video_annotations = None
1254         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
1255                 video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
1256
1257         # Decide which formats to download
1258         try:
1259             mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', video_webpage)
1260             if not mobj:
1261                 raise ValueError('Could not find vevo ID')
1262             info = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
1263             args = info['args']
1264             # Easy way to know if the 's' value is in url_encoded_fmt_stream_map
1265             # this signatures are encrypted
1266             if 'url_encoded_fmt_stream_map' not in args:
1267                 raise ValueError(u'No stream_map present')  # caught below
1268             re_signature = re.compile(r'[&,]s=')
1269             m_s = re_signature.search(args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'])
1270             if m_s is not None:
1271                 self.to_screen(u'%s: Encrypted signatures detected.' % video_id)
1272                 video_info['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'] = [args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map']]
1273             m_s = re_signature.search(args.get('adaptive_fmts', u''))
1274             if m_s is not None:
1275                 if 'adaptive_fmts' in video_info:
1276                     video_info['adaptive_fmts'][0] += ',' + args['adaptive_fmts']
1277                 else:
1278                     video_info['adaptive_fmts'] = [args['adaptive_fmts']]
1279         except ValueError:
1280             pass
1281
1282         def _map_to_format_list(urlmap):
1283             formats = []
1284             for itag, video_real_url in urlmap.items():
1285                 dct = {
1286                     'format_id': itag,
1287                     'url': video_real_url,
1288                     'player_url': player_url,
1289                 }
1290                 dct.update(self._formats[itag])
1291                 formats.append(dct)
1292             return formats
1293
1294         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1295             self.report_rtmp_download()
1296             formats = [{
1297                 'format_id': '_rtmp',
1298                 'protocol': 'rtmp',
1299                 'url': video_info['conn'][0],
1300                 'player_url': player_url,
1301             }]
1302         elif len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [])) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [])) >= 1:
1303             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts',[''])[0]
1304             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1305                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1306             url_map = {}
1307             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1308                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1309                 if 'itag' in url_data and 'url' in url_data:
1310                     url = url_data['url'][0]
1311                     if 'sig' in url_data:
1312                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1313                     elif 's' in url_data:
1314                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1315                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1316                             if age_gate:
1317                                 if player_url is None:
1318                                     player_version = 'unknown'
1319                                 else:
1320                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1321                                         r'-(.+)\.swf$', player_url,
1322                                         u'flash player', fatal=False)
1323                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1324                             else:
1325                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1326                                     r'html5player-(.+?)\.js', video_webpage,
1327                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1328                                 player_desc = u'html5 player %s' % player_version
1329
1330                             parts_sizes = u'.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in encrypted_sig.split('.'))
1331                             self.to_screen(u'encrypted signature length %d (%s), itag %s, %s' %
1332                                 (len(encrypted_sig), parts_sizes, url_data['itag'][0], player_desc))
1333
1334                         if not age_gate:
1335                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1336                                 r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")',
1337                                 video_webpage, u'JS player URL')
1338                             player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1339
1340                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1341                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1342                         url += '&signature=' + signature
1343                     if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1344                         url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1345                     url_map[url_data['itag'][0]] = url
1346             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
1347         elif video_info.get('hlsvp'):
1348             manifest_url = video_info['hlsvp'][0]
1349             url_map = self._extract_from_m3u8(manifest_url, video_id)
1350             formats = _map_to_format_list(url_map)
1351         else:
1352             raise ExtractorError(u'no conn, hlsvp or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
1353
1354         # Look for the DASH manifest
1355         dash_manifest_url_lst = video_info.get('dashmpd')
1356         if dash_manifest_url_lst and dash_manifest_url_lst[0]:
1357             try:
1358                 dash_doc = self._download_xml(
1359                     dash_manifest_url_lst[0], video_id,
1360                     note=u'Downloading DASH manifest',
1361                     errnote=u'Could not download DASH manifest')
1362                 for r in dash_doc.findall(u'.//{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}Representation'):
1363                     url_el = r.find('{urn:mpeg:DASH:schema:MPD:2011}BaseURL')
1364                     if url_el is None:
1365                         continue
1366                     format_id = r.attrib['id']
1367                     video_url = url_el.text
1368                     filesize = int_or_none(url_el.attrib.get('{http://youtube.com/yt/2012/10/10}contentLength'))
1369                     f = {
1370                         'format_id': format_id,
1371                         'url': video_url,
1372                         'width': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('width')),
1373                         'tbr': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('bandwidth'), 1000),
1374                         'asr': int_or_none(r.attrib.get('audioSamplingRate')),
1375                         'filesize': filesize,
1376                     }
1377                     try:
1378                         existing_format = next(
1379                             fo for fo in formats
1380                             if fo['format_id'] == format_id)
1381                     except StopIteration:
1382                         f.update(self._formats.get(format_id, {}))
1383                         formats.append(f)
1384                     else:
1385                         existing_format.update(f)
1386
1387             except (ExtractorError, KeyError) as e:
1388                 self.report_warning(u'Skipping DASH manifest: %s' % e, video_id)
1389
1390         self._sort_formats(formats)
1391
1392         return {
1393             'id':           video_id,
1394             'uploader':     video_uploader,
1395             'uploader_id':  video_uploader_id,
1396             'upload_date':  upload_date,
1397             'title':        video_title,
1398             'thumbnail':    video_thumbnail,
1399             'description':  video_description,
1400             'subtitles':    video_subtitles,
1401             'duration':     video_duration,
1402             'age_limit':    18 if age_gate else 0,
1403             'annotations':  video_annotations,
1404             'webpage_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
1405             'view_count':   view_count,
1406             'like_count': like_count,
1407             'dislike_count': dislike_count,
1408             'formats':      formats,
1409         }
1410
1411 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1412     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com playlists'
1413     _VALID_URL = r"""(?:
1414                         (?:https?://)?
1415                         (?:\w+\.)?
1416                         youtube\.com/
1417                         (?:
1418                            (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch)
1419                            \? (?:.*?&)*? (?:p|a|list)=
1420                         |  p/
1421                         )
1422                         ((?:PL|EC|UU|FL|RD)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})
1423                         .*
1424                      |
1425                         ((?:PL|EC|UU|FL|RD)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})
1426                      )"""
1427     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s&page=%s'
1428     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = r'data-link-type="next"'
1429     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)'
1430     IE_NAME = u'youtube:playlist'
1431
1432     @classmethod
1433     def suitable(cls, url):
1434         """Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
1435         return re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE) is not None
1436
1437     def _real_initialize(self):
1438         self._login()
1439
1440     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
1441         return [self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
1442                        for vid_id in ids]
1443
1444     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
1445         # The mixes are generated from a a single video
1446         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
1447         url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (playlist_id[-11:], playlist_id)
1448         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id, u'Downloading Youtube mix')
1449         title_span = (get_element_by_attribute('class', 'title long-title', webpage) or
1450             get_element_by_attribute('class', 'title ', webpage))
1451         title = clean_html(title_span)
1452         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s' % re.escape(playlist_id)
1453         ids = orderedSet(re.findall(video_re, webpage))
1454         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1455
1456         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
1457
1458     def _real_extract(self, url):
1459         # Extract playlist id
1460         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1461         if mobj is None:
1462             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1463         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
1464
1465         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
1466         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
1467         if 'v' in query_dict:
1468             video_id = query_dict['v'][0]
1469             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1470                 self.to_screen(u'Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1471                 return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1472             else:
1473                 self.to_screen(u'Downloading playlist PL%s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
1474
1475         if playlist_id.startswith('RD'):
1476             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
1477             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
1478         if playlist_id.startswith('TL'):
1479             raise ExtractorError(u'For downloading YouTube.com top lists, use '
1480                 u'the "yttoplist" keyword, for example "youtube-dl \'yttoplist:music:Top Tracks\'"', expected=True)
1481
1482         # Extract the video ids from the playlist pages
1483         ids = []
1484
1485         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
1486             url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % (playlist_id, page_num)
1487             page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id, u'Downloading page #%s' % page_num)
1488             matches = re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page)
1489             # We remove the duplicates and the link with index 0
1490             # (it's not the first video of the playlist)
1491             new_ids = orderedSet(m.group('id') for m in matches if m.group('index') != '0')
1492             ids.extend(new_ids)
1493
1494             if re.search(self._MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR, page) is None:
1495                 break
1496
1497         playlist_title = self._og_search_title(page)
1498
1499         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1500         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, playlist_title)
1501
1502
1503 class YoutubeTopListIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
1504     IE_NAME = u'youtube:toplist'
1505     IE_DESC = (u'YouTube.com top lists, "yttoplist:{channel}:{list title}"'
1506         u' (Example: "yttoplist:music:Top Tracks")')
1507     _VALID_URL = r'yttoplist:(?P<chann>.*?):(?P<title>.*?)$'
1508
1509     def _real_extract(self, url):
1510         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1511         channel = mobj.group('chann')
1512         title = mobj.group('title')
1513         query = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'title': title})
1514         playlist_re = 'href="([^"]+?%s[^"]+?)"' % re.escape(query)
1515         channel_page = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/%s' % channel, title)
1516         link = self._html_search_regex(playlist_re, channel_page, u'list')
1517         url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', link)
1518
1519         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?data-video-id="([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"'
1520         ids = []
1521         # sometimes the webpage doesn't contain the videos
1522         # retry until we get them
1523         for i in itertools.count(0):
1524             msg = u'Downloading Youtube mix'
1525             if i > 0:
1526                 msg += ', retry #%d' % i
1527             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, title, msg)
1528             ids = orderedSet(re.findall(video_re, webpage))
1529             if ids:
1530                 break
1531         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1532         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=title)
1533
1534
1535 class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
1536     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com channels'
1537     _VALID_URL = r"^(?:https?://)?(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com)/channel/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)"
1538     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = 'yt-uix-load-more'
1539     _MORE_PAGES_URL = 'http://www.youtube.com/c4_browse_ajax?action_load_more_videos=1&flow=list&paging=%s&view=0&sort=da&channel_id=%s'
1540     IE_NAME = u'youtube:channel'
1541
1542     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
1543         ids_in_page = []
1544         for mobj in re.finditer(r'href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?', page):
1545             if mobj.group(1) not in ids_in_page:
1546                 ids_in_page.append(mobj.group(1))
1547         return ids_in_page
1548
1549     def _real_extract(self, url):
1550         # Extract channel id
1551         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1552         if mobj is None:
1553             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1554
1555         # Download channel page
1556         channel_id = mobj.group(1)
1557         video_ids = []
1558         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos' % channel_id
1559         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id)
1560         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
1561                 class="[^"]*?(?:
1562                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
1563                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
1564                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
1565
1566         if autogenerated:
1567             # The videos are contained in a single page
1568             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
1569             video_ids = self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)
1570         else:
1571             # Download all channel pages using the json-based channel_ajax query
1572             for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
1573                 url = self._MORE_PAGES_URL % (pagenum, channel_id)
1574                 page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id,
1575                                               u'Downloading page #%s' % pagenum)
1576
1577                 page = json.loads(page)
1578
1579                 ids_in_page = self.extract_videos_from_page(page['content_html'])
1580                 video_ids.extend(ids_in_page)
1581
1582                 if self._MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR not in page['load_more_widget_html']:
1583                     break
1584
1585         self._downloader.to_screen(u'[youtube] Channel %s: Found %i videos' % (channel_id, len(video_ids)))
1586
1587         url_entries = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1588                        for video_id in video_ids]
1589         return self.playlist_result(url_entries, channel_id)
1590
1591
1592 class YoutubeUserIE(InfoExtractor):
1593     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
1594     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:(?:https?://)?(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
1595     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'http://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s'
1596     _GDATA_PAGE_SIZE = 50
1597     _GDATA_URL = 'http://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s/uploads?max-results=%d&start-index=%d&alt=json'
1598     IE_NAME = u'youtube:user'
1599
1600     @classmethod
1601     def suitable(cls, url):
1602         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
1603         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
1604         other_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
1605         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_ies): return False
1606         else: return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
1607
1608     def _real_extract(self, url):
1609         # Extract username
1610         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1611         if mobj is None:
1612             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1613
1614         username = mobj.group(1)
1615
1616         # Download video ids using YouTube Data API. Result size per
1617         # query is limited (currently to 50 videos) so we need to query
1618         # page by page until there are no video ids - it means we got
1619         # all of them.
1620
1621         url_results = []
1622
1623         for pagenum in itertools.count(0):
1624             start_index = pagenum * self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE + 1
1625
1626             gdata_url = self._GDATA_URL % (username, self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE, start_index)
1627             page = self._download_webpage(gdata_url, username,
1628                                           u'Downloading video ids from %d to %d' % (start_index, start_index + self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE))
1629
1630             try:
1631                 response = json.loads(page)
1632             except ValueError as err:
1633                 raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid JSON in API response: ' + compat_str(err))
1634             if 'entry' not in response['feed']:
1635                 # Number of videos is a multiple of self._MAX_RESULTS
1636                 break
1637
1638             # Extract video identifiers
1639             entries = response['feed']['entry']
1640             for entry in entries:
1641                 title = entry['title']['$t']
1642                 video_id = entry['id']['$t'].split('/')[-1]
1643                 url_results.append({
1644                     '_type': 'url',
1645                     'url': video_id,
1646                     'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1647                     'id': 'video_id',
1648                     'title': title,
1649                 })
1650
1651             # A little optimization - if current page is not
1652             # "full", ie. does not contain PAGE_SIZE video ids then
1653             # we can assume that this page is the last one - there
1654             # are no more ids on further pages - no need to query
1655             # again.
1656
1657             if len(entries) < self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE:
1658                 break
1659
1660         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=username)
1661
1662
1663 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor):
1664     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com searches'
1665     _API_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos?q=%s&start-index=%i&max-results=50&v=2&alt=jsonc'
1666     _MAX_RESULTS = 1000
1667     IE_NAME = u'youtube:search'
1668     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
1669
1670     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
1671         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
1672
1673         video_ids = []
1674         pagenum = 0
1675         limit = n
1676
1677         while (50 * pagenum) < limit:
1678             result_url = self._API_URL % (compat_urllib_parse.quote_plus(query), (50*pagenum)+1)
1679             data_json = self._download_webpage(
1680                 result_url, video_id=u'query "%s"' % query,
1681                 note=u'Downloading page %s' % (pagenum + 1),
1682                 errnote=u'Unable to download API page')
1683             data = json.loads(data_json)
1684             api_response = data['data']
1685
1686             if 'items' not in api_response:
1687                 raise ExtractorError(u'[youtube] No video results')
1688
1689             new_ids = list(video['id'] for video in api_response['items'])
1690             video_ids += new_ids
1691
1692             limit = min(n, api_response['totalItems'])
1693             pagenum += 1
1694
1695         if len(video_ids) > n:
1696             video_ids = video_ids[:n]
1697         videos = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1698                   for video_id in video_ids]
1699         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
1700
1701 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
1702     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
1703     _API_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos?q=%s&start-index=%i&max-results=50&v=2&alt=jsonc&orderby=published'
1704     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
1705     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
1706
1707 class YoutubeShowIE(InfoExtractor):
1708     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
1709     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/show/(.*)'
1710     IE_NAME = u'youtube:show'
1711
1712     def _real_extract(self, url):
1713         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1714         show_name = mobj.group(1)
1715         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, show_name, u'Downloading show webpage')
1716         # There's one playlist for each season of the show
1717         m_seasons = list(re.finditer(r'href="(/playlist\?list=.*?)"', webpage))
1718         self.to_screen(u'%s: Found %s seasons' % (show_name, len(m_seasons)))
1719         return [self.url_result('https://www.youtube.com' + season.group(1), 'YoutubePlaylist') for season in m_seasons]
1720
1721
1722 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1723     """
1724     Base class for extractors that fetch info from
1725     http://www.youtube.com/feed_ajax
1726     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
1727     """
1728     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1729     # use action_load_personal_feed instead of action_load_system_feed
1730     _PERSONAL_FEED = False
1731
1732     @property
1733     def _FEED_TEMPLATE(self):
1734         action = 'action_load_system_feed'
1735         if self._PERSONAL_FEED:
1736             action = 'action_load_personal_feed'
1737         return 'http://www.youtube.com/feed_ajax?%s=1&feed_name=%s&paging=%%s' % (action, self._FEED_NAME)
1738
1739     @property
1740     def IE_NAME(self):
1741         return u'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
1742
1743     def _real_initialize(self):
1744         self._login()
1745
1746     def _real_extract(self, url):
1747         feed_entries = []
1748         paging = 0
1749         for i in itertools.count(1):
1750             info = self._download_webpage(self._FEED_TEMPLATE % paging,
1751                                           u'%s feed' % self._FEED_NAME,
1752                                           u'Downloading page %s' % i)
1753             info = json.loads(info)
1754             feed_html = info['feed_html']
1755             m_ids = re.finditer(r'"/watch\?v=(.*?)["&]', feed_html)
1756             ids = orderedSet(m.group(1) for m in m_ids)
1757             feed_entries.extend(
1758                 self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1759                 for video_id in ids)
1760             if info['paging'] is None:
1761                 break
1762             paging = info['paging']
1763         return self.playlist_result(feed_entries, playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
1764
1765 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1766     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword(requires authentication)'
1767     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
1768     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
1769     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Subscriptions'
1770
1771 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1772     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com recommended videos, "ytrec" keyword (requires authentication)'
1773     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
1774     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
1775     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Recommended videos'
1776
1777 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1778     IE_DESC = u'Youtube watch later list, "ytwatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)'
1779     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/watch_later|:ytwatchlater'
1780     _FEED_NAME = 'watch_later'
1781     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Watch Later'
1782     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
1783
1784 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1785     IE_DESC = u'Youtube watch history, "ythistory" keyword (requires authentication)'
1786     _VALID_URL = u'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
1787     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
1788     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
1789     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Watch History'
1790
1791 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1792     IE_NAME = u'youtube:favorites'
1793     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com favourite videos, "ytfav" keyword (requires authentication)'
1794     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
1795     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1796
1797     def _real_extract(self, url):
1798         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
1799         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, u'favourites playlist id')
1800         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
1801
1802
1803 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
1804     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
1805     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
1806     _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://)?[^/]+/watch\?feature=[a-z_]+$'
1807
1808     def _real_extract(self, url):
1809         raise ExtractorError(
1810             u'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
1811             u'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
1812             u'like  youtube-dl '
1813             u'"http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
1814             u' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
1815             expected=True)