yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 from __future__ import unicode_literals
   4
   5 import calendar
   6 import hashlib
   7 import itertools
   8 import json
   9 import os.path
  10 import random
  11 import re
  12 import time
  13 import traceback
  14
  15 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  16 from ..compat import (
  17     compat_chr,
  18     compat_HTTPError,
  19     compat_parse_qs,
  20     compat_str,
  21     compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
  22     compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
  23     compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
  24     compat_urlparse,
  25 )
  26 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  27 from ..utils import (
  28     bool_or_none,
  29     clean_html,
  30     dict_get,
  31     datetime_from_str,
  32     error_to_compat_str,
  33     ExtractorError,
  34     format_field,
  35     float_or_none,
  36     int_or_none,
  37     mimetype2ext,
  38     parse_codecs,
  39     parse_duration,
  40     qualities,
  41     remove_start,
  42     smuggle_url,
  43     str_or_none,
  44     str_to_int,
  45     try_get,
  46     unescapeHTML,
  47     unified_strdate,
  48     unsmuggle_url,
  49     update_url_query,
  50     url_or_none,
  51     urlencode_postdata,
  52     urljoin
  53 )
  54
  55
  56 def parse_qs(url):
  57     return compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
  58
  59
  60 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  61     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  62     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  63     _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  64
  65     _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
  66     _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
  67     _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  68
  69     _RESERVED_NAMES = (
  70         r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|'
  71         r'movies|results|shared|hashtag|trending|feed|feeds|oembed|'
  72         r'storefront|oops|index|account|reporthistory|t/terms|about|upload|signin|logout')
  73
  74     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  75     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  76     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  77
  78     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM|WL|LL|LM)'
  79
  80     def _login(self):
  81         """
  82         Attempt to log in to YouTube.
  83         True is returned if successful or skipped.
  84         False is returned if login failed.
  85
  86         If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
  87         """
  88         username, password = self._get_login_info()
  89         # No authentication to be performed
  90         if username is None:
  91             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
  92                 raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  93             # if self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile'):  # TODO remove 'and False' later - too many people using outdated cookies and open issues, remind them.
  94             #     self.to_screen('[Cookies] Reminder - Make sure to always use up to date cookies!')
  95             return True
  96
  97         login_page = self._download_webpage(
  98             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
  99             note='Downloading login page',
 100             errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
 101         if login_page is False:
 102             return
 103
 104         login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
 105
 106         def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
 107             data = login_form.copy()
 108             data.update({
 109                 'pstMsg': 1,
 110                 'checkConnection': 'youtube',
 111                 'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
 112                 'hl': 'en',
 113                 'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
 114                 'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
 115                 'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
 116                 'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
 117                 # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
 118                 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
 119             })
 120             return self._download_json(
 121                 url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 122                 transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
 123                 fatal=False,
 124                 data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
 125                     'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
 126                     'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
 127                 })
 128
 129         def warn(message):
 130             self.report_warning(message)
 131
 132         lookup_req = [
 133             username,
 134             None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
 135             [
 136                 None, None,
 137                 [2, 1, None, 1,
 138                  'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
 139                  None, [], 4],
 140                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 141             ],
 142             username,
 143         ]
 144
 145         lookup_results = req(
 146             self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
 147             'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
 148
 149         if lookup_results is False:
 150             return False
 151
 152         user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
 153         if not user_hash:
 154             warn('Unable to extract user hash')
 155             return False
 156
 157         challenge_req = [
 158             user_hash,
 159             None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
 160             [
 161                 None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
 162                 1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
 163             ]]
 164
 165         challenge_results = req(
 166             self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
 167             'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
 168
 169         if challenge_results is False:
 170             return
 171
 172         login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 173         if login_res:
 174             login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 175             warn(
 176                 'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
 177                 if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
 178             return False
 179
 180         res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
 181         if not res:
 182             warn('Unable to extract result entry')
 183             return False
 184
 185         login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
 186         if login_challenge:
 187             challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 188             if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
 189                 # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
 190                 # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
 191                 status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 192                 if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
 193                     warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
 194                     return False
 195
 196                 tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
 197                 if not tl:
 198                     warn('Unable to extract TL')
 199                     return False
 200
 201                 tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
 202
 203                 if not tfa_code:
 204                     warn(
 205                         'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
 206                         '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
 207                     return False
 208
 209                 tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
 210
 211                 tfa_req = [
 212                     user_hash, None, 2, None,
 213                     [
 214                         9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
 215                         [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
 216                     ]]
 217
 218                 tfa_results = req(
 219                     self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
 220                     'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
 221
 222                 if tfa_results is False:
 223                     return False
 224
 225                 tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
 226                 if tfa_res:
 227                     tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
 228                     warn(
 229                         'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
 230                         if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
 231                     return False
 232
 233                 check_cookie_url = try_get(
 234                     tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
 235             else:
 236                 CHALLENGES = {
 237                     'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 238                     'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
 239                     'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
 240                 }
 241                 challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
 242                     challenge_str,
 243                     '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
 244                 warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
 245                 return False
 246         else:
 247             check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
 248
 249         if not check_cookie_url:
 250             warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
 251             return False
 252
 253         check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
 254             check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
 255
 256         if check_cookie_results is False:
 257             return False
 258
 259         if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
 260             warn('Unable to log in')
 261             return False
 262
 263         return True
 264
 265     def _initialize_consent(self):
 266         cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
 267         if cookies.get('__Secure-3PSID'):
 268             return
 269         consent_id = None
 270         consent = cookies.get('CONSENT')
 271         if consent:
 272             if 'YES' in consent.value:
 273                 return
 274             consent_id = self._search_regex(
 275                 r'PENDING\+(\d+)', consent.value, 'consent', default=None)
 276         if not consent_id:
 277             consent_id = random.randint(100, 999)
 278         self._set_cookie('.youtube.com', 'CONSENT', 'YES+cb.20210328-17-p0.en+FX+%s' % consent_id)
 279
 280     def _real_initialize(self):
 281         self._initialize_consent()
 282         if self._downloader is None:
 283             return
 284         if not self._login():
 285             return
 286
 287     _YT_WEB_CLIENT_VERSION = '2.20210407.08.00'
 288     _YT_INNERTUBE_API_KEY = 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8'
 289     _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
 290     _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
 291     _YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE = r'(?:var\s+meta|</script|\n)'
 292
 293     def _generate_sapisidhash_header(self):
 294         sapisid_cookie = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com').get('SAPISID')
 295         if sapisid_cookie is None:
 296             return
 297         time_now = round(time.time())
 298         sapisidhash = hashlib.sha1((str(time_now) + " " + sapisid_cookie.value + " " + "https://www.youtube.com").encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
 299         return "SAPISIDHASH %s_%s" % (time_now, sapisidhash)
 300
 301     def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True, headers=None,
 302                   note='Downloading API JSON', errnote='Unable to download API page',
 303                   context=None, api_key=None):
 304
 305         data = {'context': context} if context else {'context': self._extract_context()}
 306         data.update(query)
 307         real_headers = self._generate_api_headers()
 308         real_headers.update({'content-type': 'application/json'})
 309         if headers:
 310             real_headers.update(headers)
 311         return self._download_json(
 312             'https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/%s' % ep,
 313             video_id=video_id, fatal=fatal, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 314             data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'), headers=real_headers,
 315             query={'key': api_key or self._extract_api_key()})
 316
 317     def _extract_api_key(self, ytcfg=None):
 318         return try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_API_KEY'], compat_str) or self._YT_INNERTUBE_API_KEY
 319
 320     def _extract_yt_initial_data(self, video_id, webpage):
 321         return self._parse_json(
 322             self._search_regex(
 323                 (r'%s\s*%s' % (self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
 324                  self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE), webpage, 'yt initial data'),
 325             video_id)
 326
 327     def _extract_identity_token(self, webpage, item_id):
 328         ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
 329         if ytcfg:
 330             token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['ID_TOKEN'], compat_str)
 331             if token:
 332                 return token
 333         return self._search_regex(
 334             r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
 335             'identity token', default=None)
 336
 337     @staticmethod
 338     def _extract_account_syncid(data):
 339         """
 340         Extract syncId required to download private playlists of secondary channels
 341         @param data Either response or ytcfg
 342         """
 343         sync_ids = (try_get(
 344             data, (lambda x: x['responseContext']['mainAppWebResponseContext']['datasyncId'],
 345                    lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), compat_str) or '').split("||")
 346         if len(sync_ids) >= 2 and sync_ids[1]:
 347             # datasyncid is of the form "channel_syncid||user_syncid" for secondary channel
 348             # and just "user_syncid||" for primary channel. We only want the channel_syncid
 349             return sync_ids[0]
 350         # ytcfg includes channel_syncid if on secondary channel
 351         return data.get('DELEGATED_SESSION_ID')
 352
 353     def _extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
 354         if not webpage:
 355             return {}
 356         return self._parse_json(
 357             self._search_regex(
 358                 r'ytcfg\.set\s*\(\s*({.+?})\s*\)\s*;', webpage, 'ytcfg',
 359                 default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False) or {}
 360
 361     def __extract_client_version(self, ytcfg):
 362         return try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION'], compat_str) or self._YT_WEB_CLIENT_VERSION
 363
 364     def _extract_context(self, ytcfg=None):
 365         context = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT'], dict)
 366         if context:
 367             return context
 368
 369         # Recreate the client context (required)
 370         client_version = self.__extract_client_version(ytcfg)
 371         client_name = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME'], compat_str) or 'WEB'
 372         context = {
 373             'client': {
 374                 'clientName': client_name,
 375                 'clientVersion': client_version,
 376             }
 377         }
 378         visitor_data = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['VISITOR_DATA'], compat_str)
 379         if visitor_data:
 380             context['client']['visitorData'] = visitor_data
 381         return context
 382
 383     def _generate_api_headers(self, ytcfg=None, identity_token=None, account_syncid=None, visitor_data=None):
 384         headers = {
 385             'X-YouTube-Client-Name': '1',
 386             'X-YouTube-Client-Version': self.__extract_client_version(ytcfg),
 387         }
 388         if identity_token:
 389             headers['x-youtube-identity-token'] = identity_token
 390         if account_syncid:
 391             headers['X-Goog-PageId'] = account_syncid
 392             headers['X-Goog-AuthUser'] = 0
 393         if visitor_data:
 394             headers['x-goog-visitor-id'] = visitor_data
 395         auth = self._generate_sapisidhash_header()
 396         if auth is not None:
 397             headers['Authorization'] = auth
 398             headers['X-Origin'] = 'https://www.youtube.com'
 399         return headers
 400
 401     @staticmethod
 402     def is_music_url(url):
 403         return re.match(r'https?://music\.youtube\.com/', url) is not None
 404
 405     def _extract_video(self, renderer):
 406         video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
 407         title = try_get(
 408             renderer,
 409             (lambda x: x['title']['runs'][0]['text'],
 410              lambda x: x['title']['simpleText']), compat_str)
 411         description = try_get(
 412             renderer, lambda x: x['descriptionSnippet']['runs'][0]['text'],
 413             compat_str)
 414         duration = parse_duration(try_get(
 415             renderer, lambda x: x['lengthText']['simpleText'], compat_str))
 416         view_count_text = try_get(
 417             renderer, lambda x: x['viewCountText']['simpleText'], compat_str) or ''
 418         view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
 419             r'^([\d,]+)', re.sub(r'\s', '', view_count_text),
 420             'view count', default=None))
 421         uploader = try_get(
 422             renderer,
 423             (lambda x: x['ownerText']['runs'][0]['text'],
 424              lambda x: x['shortBylineText']['runs'][0]['text']), compat_str)
 425         return {
 426             '_type': 'url',
 427             'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
 428             'id': video_id,
 429             'url': video_id,
 430             'title': title,
 431             'description': description,
 432             'duration': duration,
 433             'view_count': view_count,
 434             'uploader': uploader,
 435         }
 436
 437
 438 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 439     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
 440     _INVIDIOUS_SITES = (
 441         # invidious-redirect websites
 442         r'(?:www\.)?redirect\.invidious\.io',
 443         r'(?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us',
 444         # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/iv-org/documentation/blob/master/Invidious-Instances.md
 445         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.pussthecat\.org',
 446         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zee\.li',
 447         r'(?:(?:www|au)\.)?ytprivate\.com',
 448         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.namazso\.eu',
 449         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ethibox\.fr',
 450         r'(?:www\.)?w6ijuptxiku4xpnnaetxvnkc5vqcdu7mgns2u77qefoixi63vbvnpnqd\.onion',
 451         r'(?:www\.)?kbjggqkzv65ivcqj6bumvp337z6264huv5kpkwuv6gu5yjiskvan7fad\.onion',
 452         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.3o7z6yfxhbw7n3za4rss6l434kmv55cgw2vuziwuigpwegswvwzqipyd\.onion',
 453         r'(?:www\.)?grwp24hodrefzvjjuccrkw3mjq4tzhaaq32amf33dzpmuxe7ilepcmad\.onion',
 454         # youtube-dl invidious instances list
 455         r'(?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh',
 456         r'(?:(?:www|fi)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org',
 457         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk',
 458         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host',
 459         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zapashcanon\.fr',
 460         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.kavin\.rocks',
 461         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tinfoil-hat\.net',
 462         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.himiko\.cloud',
 463         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.reallyancient\.tech',
 464         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tube',
 465         r'(?:www\.)?invidiou\.site',
 466         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.site',
 467         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.xyz',
 468         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz',
 469         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.048596\.xyz',
 470         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr',
 471         r'(?:www\.)?inv\.skyn3t\.in',
 472         r'(?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co',
 473         r'(?:www\.)?tube\.connect\.cafe',
 474         r'(?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx',
 475         r'(?:www\.)?vid\.mint\.lgbt',
 476         r'(?:www\.)?vid\.puffyan\.us',
 477         r'(?:www\.)?yewtu\.be',
 478         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org',
 479         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi',
 480         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ggc-project\.de',
 481         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.maisputain\.ovh',
 482         r'(?:www\.)?ytprivate\.com',
 483         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de',
 484         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.toot\.koeln',
 485         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.fdn\.fr',
 486         r'(?:www\.)?watch\.nettohikari\.com',
 487         r'(?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion',
 488         r'(?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion',
 489         r'(?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion',
 490         r'(?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion',
 491         r'(?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion',
 492         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion',
 493         r'(?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p',
 494         r'(?:www\.)?4l2dgddgsrkf2ous66i6seeyi6etzfgrue332grh2n7madpwopotugyd\.onion',
 495     )
 496     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 497                      (
 498                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 499                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|
 500                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com|
 501                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com|
 502                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com|
 503                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com|
 504                             tube\.majestyc\.net|
 505                             %(invidious)s|
 506                             youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 507                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 508                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 509                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
 510                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 511                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 512                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 513                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 514                                  v=
 515                              )
 516                          ))
 517                          |(?:
 518                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 519                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 520                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 521                             %(invidious)s
 522                          )/
 523                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 524                          )
 525                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 526                      (?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 527                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 528                      (?:\#|$)""" % {
 529         'invidious': '|'.join(_INVIDIOUS_SITES),
 530     }
 531     _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
 532         r'/s/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player',
 533         r'/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player(?:_ias\.vflset(?:/[a-zA-Z]{2,3}_[a-zA-Z]{2,3})?|-plasma-ias-(?:phone|tablet)-[a-z]{2}_[A-Z]{2}\.vflset)/base\.js$',
 534         r'\b(?P<id>vfl[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\b.*?\.js$',
 535     )
 536     _formats = {
 537         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 538         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 539         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 540         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 541         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 542         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 543         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 544         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 545         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 546         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 547         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 548         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 549         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 550         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 551         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 552         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 553         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 554         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 555
 556
 557         # 3D videos
 558         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 559         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 560         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 561         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 562         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 563         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 564         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 565
 566         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 567         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 568         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 569         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 570         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 571         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 572         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 573         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 574         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 575
 576         # DASH mp4 video
 577         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 578         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 579         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 580         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 581         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 582         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 583         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 584         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 585         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 586         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 587         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 588         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 589
 590         # Dash mp4 audio
 591         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 592         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 593         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 594         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 595         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 596         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 597         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 598
 599         # Dash webm
 600         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 601         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 602         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 603         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 604         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 605         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 606         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 607         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 608         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 609         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 610         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 611         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 612         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 613         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 614         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 615         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
 616         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 617         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 618         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 619         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 620         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
 621         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
 622
 623         # Dash webm audio
 624         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
 625         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
 626
 627         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
 628         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
 629         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
 630         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
 631
 632         # RTMP (unnamed)
 633         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
 634
 635         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
 636         '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 637         '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 638         '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 639         '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
 640     }
 641     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
 642
 643     _GEO_BYPASS = False
 644
 645     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
 646     _TESTS = [
 647         {
 648             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
 649             'info_dict': {
 650                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 651                 'ext': 'mp4',
 652                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 653                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 654                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 655                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 656                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 657                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
 658                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 659                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 660                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 661                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 662                 'duration': 10,
 663                 'view_count': int,
 664                 'like_count': int,
 665                 'dislike_count': int,
 666                 'start_time': 1,
 667                 'end_time': 9,
 668             }
 669         },
 670         {
 671             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 672             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
 673             'info_dict': {
 674                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 675                 'ext': 'mp4',
 676                 'upload_date': '20120608',
 677                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
 678                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
 679                 'uploader': 'SET India',
 680                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
 681                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
 682                 'age_limit': 18,
 683             },
 684             'skip': 'Private video',
 685         },
 686         {
 687             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
 688             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
 689             'info_dict': {
 690                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
 691                 'ext': 'mp4',
 692                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
 693                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
 694                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
 695                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
 696                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 697                 'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
 698                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
 699                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
 700                 'duration': 10,
 701                 'view_count': int,
 702                 'like_count': int,
 703                 'dislike_count': int,
 704             },
 705             'params': {
 706                 'skip_download': True,
 707             },
 708         },
 709         {
 710             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
 711             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
 712             'info_dict': {
 713                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
 714                 'ext': 'm4a',
 715                 'upload_date': '20121002',
 716                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
 717                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
 718                 'description': '',
 719                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
 720                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
 721             },
 722             'params': {
 723                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 724                 'format': '141',
 725             },
 726             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
 727         },
 728         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
 729         {
 730             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
 731             'info_dict': {
 732                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
 733                 'ext': 'm4a',
 734                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
 735                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
 736                 'duration': 244,
 737                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 738                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
 739                 'upload_date': '20131011',
 740                 'abr': 129.495,
 741             },
 742             'params': {
 743                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 744                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
 745             },
 746         },
 747         # Controversy video
 748         {
 749             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
 750             'info_dict': {
 751                 'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
 752                 'ext': 'mp4',
 753                 'duration': 219,
 754                 'upload_date': '20100909',
 755                 'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
 756                 'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
 757                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
 758                 'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
 759                 'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms \r\n\r\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
 760             }
 761         },
 762         # Normal age-gate video (embed allowed)
 763         {
 764             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
 765             'info_dict': {
 766                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
 767                 'ext': 'mp4',
 768                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
 769                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
 770                 'duration': 142,
 771                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
 772                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
 773                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
 774                 'upload_date': '20140605',
 775                 'age_limit': 18,
 776             },
 777         },
 778         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
 779         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
 780         {
 781             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 782             'info_dict': {
 783                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
 784                 'ext': 'mp4',
 785                 'duration': 266,
 786                 'upload_date': '20100430',
 787                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
 788                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
 789                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
 790                 'description': 'md5:6cbcd3a92ce1bc676fc4d6ab4ace2336',
 791                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
 792                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
 793                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
 794             },
 795             'expected_warnings': [
 796                 'DASH manifest missing',
 797             ]
 798         },
 799         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
 800         {
 801             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 802             'info_dict': {
 803                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
 804                 'ext': 'mp4',
 805                 'duration': 6085,
 806                 'upload_date': '20150827',
 807                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
 808                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
 809                 'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 810                 'uploader': 'Olympic',
 811                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
 812             },
 813             'params': {
 814                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 815             }
 816         },
 817         # Non-square pixels
 818         {
 819             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
 820             'info_dict': {
 821                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
 822                 'ext': 'mp4',
 823                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
 824                 'duration': 85,
 825                 'upload_date': '20110310',
 826                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
 827                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
 828                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
 829                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
 830                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
 831             },
 832         },
 833         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
 834         {
 835             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 836             'info_dict': {
 837                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
 838                 'ext': 'webm',
 839                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
 840                 'description': '',
 841                 'upload_date': '20150404',
 842                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
 843                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
 844             },
 845             'params': {
 846                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
 847             },
 848             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 849         },
 850         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
 851         {
 852             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 853             'info_dict': {
 854                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
 855                 'ext': 'webm',
 856                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
 857                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
 858                 'duration': 220,
 859                 'upload_date': '20150625',
 860                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
 861                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
 862                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
 863                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
 864             },
 865             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
 866         },
 867         # DASH manifest with segment_list
 868         {
 869             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
 870             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
 871             'info_dict': {
 872                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
 873                 'ext': 'mp4',
 874                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
 875                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
 876                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
 877                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
 878                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
 879             },
 880             'params': {
 881                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
 882                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
 883             },
 884             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
 885         },
 886         {
 887             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
 888             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvGDaLqkpTg',
 889             'info_dict': {
 890                 'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
 891                 'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever',
 892                 'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
 893             },
 894             'playlist': [{
 895                 'info_dict': {
 896                     'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
 897                     'ext': 'mp4',
 898                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Main Camera)',
 899                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
 900                     'duration': 10643,
 901                     'upload_date': '20161111',
 902                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
 903                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 904                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 905                 },
 906             }, {
 907                 'info_dict': {
 908                     'id': '3AKt1R1aDnw',
 909                     'ext': 'mp4',
 910                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 2)',
 911                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
 912                     'duration': 10991,
 913                     'upload_date': '20161111',
 914                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
 915                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 916                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 917                 },
 918             }, {
 919                 'info_dict': {
 920                     'id': 'RtAMM00gpVc',
 921                     'ext': 'mp4',
 922                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 3)',
 923                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
 924                     'duration': 10995,
 925                     'upload_date': '20161111',
 926                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
 927                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 928                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 929                 },
 930             }, {
 931                 'info_dict': {
 932                     'id': '6N2fdlP3C5U',
 933                     'ext': 'mp4',
 934                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 4)',
 935                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
 936                     'duration': 10990,
 937                     'upload_date': '20161111',
 938                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
 939                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 940                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
 941                 },
 942             }],
 943             'params': {
 944                 'skip_download': True,
 945             },
 946         },
 947         {
 948             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
 949             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
 950             'info_dict': {
 951                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
 952                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
 953             },
 954             'playlist_count': 2,
 955             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
 956         },
 957         {
 958             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
 959             'only_matching': True,
 960         },
 961         {
 962             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
 963             'only_matching': True,
 964         },
 965         {
 966             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 967             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
 968             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
 969             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
 970             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
 971             'info_dict': {
 972                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
 973                 'ext': 'mp4',
 974                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
 975                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 976                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
 977                 'duration': 133,
 978                 'upload_date': '20151119',
 979                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
 980                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
 981                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
 982                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 983                 'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
 984                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
 985                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
 986             },
 987             'params': {
 988                 'skip_download': True,
 989             },
 990         },
 991         {
 992             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
 993             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
 994             'only_matching': True,
 995         },
 996         {
 997             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
 998             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
 999             'info_dict': {
1000                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
1001                 'ext': 'mp4',
1002                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
1003                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
1004                 'upload_date': '20151107',
1005                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
1006                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
1007             },
1008             'params': {
1009                 'skip_download': True,
1010             },
1011             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
1012         },
1013         {
1014             # Video with incomplete 'yt:stretch=16:'
1015             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRhJzUSJbGI',
1016             'only_matching': True,
1017         },
1018         {
1019             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
1020             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
1021             'info_dict': {
1022                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
1023                 'ext': 'mp4',
1024                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
1025                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
1026                 'duration': 721,
1027                 'upload_date': '20150127',
1028                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
1029                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
1030                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
1031                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1032             },
1033             'params': {
1034                 'skip_download': True,
1035             },
1036         },
1037         {
1038             # Channel-like uploader_url
1039             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
1040             'info_dict': {
1041                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
1042                 'ext': 'mp4',
1043                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
1044                 'description': 'md5:13a2503d7b5904ef4b223aa101628f39',
1045                 'duration': 4060,
1046                 'upload_date': '20151119',
1047                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1048                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1049                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1050                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1051             },
1052             'params': {
1053                 'skip_download': True,
1054             },
1055         },
1056         {
1057             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1058             'only_matching': True,
1059         },
1060         {
1061             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1062             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1063             'only_matching': True,
1064         },
1065         {
1066             # Rental video preview
1067             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1068             'info_dict': {
1069                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1070                 'ext': 'mp4',
1071                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1072                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1073                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1074                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1075                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1076                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1077                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1078             },
1079             'params': {
1080                 'skip_download': True,
1081             },
1082             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1083         },
1084         {
1085             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1086             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1087             'info_dict': {
1088                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1089                 'ext': 'mp4',
1090                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1091                 'description': 'md5:f540112edec5d09fc8cc752d3d4ba3cd',
1092                 'duration': 2085,
1093                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1094                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1095                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1096                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1097                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1098                 'season_number': 1,
1099                 'episode_number': 1,
1100             },
1101             'params': {
1102                 'skip_download': True,
1103             },
1104             'expected_warnings': [
1105                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1106             ],
1107         },
1108         {
1109             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1110             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1111             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1112             'info_dict': {
1113                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1114                 'ext': 'mp4',
1115                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1116                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1117                 'duration': 965,
1118                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1119                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1120                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1121                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1122             },
1123             'params': {
1124                 'skip_download': True,
1125             },
1126             'skip': 'This video has been removed for violating YouTube\'s policy on hate speech.',
1127         },
1128         {
1129             # itag 212
1130             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1131             'only_matching': True,
1132         },
1133         {
1134             # geo restricted to JP
1135             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1136             'only_matching': True,
1137         },
1138         {
1139             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1140             'only_matching': True,
1141         },
1142         {
1143             'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1144             'only_matching': True,
1145         },
1146         {
1147             # from https://nitter.pussthecat.org/YouTube/status/1360363141947944964#m
1148             'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/Yh0AhrY9GjA',
1149             'only_matching': True,
1150         },
1151         {
1152             # DRM protected
1153             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1154             'only_matching': True,
1155         },
1156         {
1157             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1158             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1159             'info_dict': {
1160                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1161                 'ext': 'mp4',
1162                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1163                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1164                 'duration': 433,
1165                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1166                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1167                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1168                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1169                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1170             },
1171             'params': {
1172                 'skip_download': True,
1173                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1174             },
1175             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
1176         },
1177         {
1178             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1179             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1180             'info_dict': {
1181                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1182                 'ext': 'mp4',
1183                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1184                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1185                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1186                 'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
1187                 'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1188                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1189                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1190                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1191                 'release_date': '20190313',
1192                 'release_year': 2019,
1193             },
1194             'params': {
1195                 'skip_download': True,
1196             },
1197         },
1198         {
1199             'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
1200             'only_matching': True,
1201         },
1202         {
1203             # invalid -> valid video id redirection
1204             'url': 'DJztXj2GPfl',
1205             'info_dict': {
1206                 'id': 'DJztXj2GPfk',
1207                 'ext': 'mp4',
1208                 'title': 'Panjabi MC - Mundian To Bach Ke (The Dictator Soundtrack)',
1209                 'description': 'md5:bf577a41da97918e94fa9798d9228825',
1210                 'upload_date': '20090125',
1211                 'uploader': 'Prochorowka',
1212                 'uploader_id': 'Prochorowka',
1213                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Prochorowka',
1214                 'artist': 'Panjabi MC',
1215                 'track': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian to Bach Ke) - Motivo Hi-Lectro Remix',
1216                 'album': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian To Bach Ke)',
1217             },
1218             'params': {
1219                 'skip_download': True,
1220             },
1221             'skip': 'Video unavailable',
1222         },
1223         {
1224             # empty description results in an empty string
1225             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x41yOUIvK2k',
1226             'info_dict': {
1227                 'id': 'x41yOUIvK2k',
1228                 'ext': 'mp4',
1229                 'title': 'IMG 3456',
1230                 'description': '',
1231                 'upload_date': '20170613',
1232                 'uploader_id': 'ElevageOrVert',
1233                 'uploader': 'ElevageOrVert',
1234             },
1235             'params': {
1236                 'skip_download': True,
1237             },
1238         },
1239         {
1240             # with '};' inside yt initial data (see [1])
1241             # see [2] for an example with '};' inside ytInitialPlayerResponse
1242             # 1. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27093
1243             # 2. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27216
1244             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHqg6qOn4no',
1245             'info_dict': {
1246                 'id': 'CHqg6qOn4no',
1247                 'ext': 'mp4',
1248                 'title': 'Part 77   Sort a list of simple types in c#',
1249                 'description': 'md5:b8746fa52e10cdbf47997903f13b20dc',
1250                 'upload_date': '20130831',
1251                 'uploader_id': 'kudvenkat',
1252                 'uploader': 'kudvenkat',
1253             },
1254             'params': {
1255                 'skip_download': True,
1256             },
1257         },
1258         {
1259             # another example of '};' in ytInitialData
1260             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfgbahppCY',
1261             'only_matching': True,
1262         },
1263         {
1264             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=63RmMXCd_bQ',
1265             'only_matching': True,
1266         },
1267         {
1268             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/28094
1269             'url': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
1270             'info_dict': {
1271                 'id': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
1272                 'ext': 'mp4',
1273                 'title': 'Burn Out',
1274                 'description': 'md5:8d07b84dcbcbfb34bc12a56d968b6131',
1275                 'upload_date': '20141120',
1276                 'uploader': 'The Cinematic Orchestra - Topic',
1277                 'uploader_id': 'UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
1278                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
1279                 'artist': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
1280                 'track': 'Burn Out',
1281                 'album': 'Every Day',
1282                 'release_data': None,
1283                 'release_year': None,
1284             },
1285             'params': {
1286                 'skip_download': True,
1287             },
1288         },
1289         {
1290             # controversial video, only works with bpctr when authenticated with cookies
1291             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGC3D_FkCmg',
1292             'only_matching': True,
1293         },
1294         {
1295             # restricted location, https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28685
1296             'url': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
1297             'info_dict': {
1298                 'id': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
1299                 'ext': 'mp4',
1300                 'title': '4K Ueno Okachimachi  Street  Scenes  上野御徒町歩き',
1301                 'description': 'md5:ea770e474b7cd6722b4c95b833c03630',
1302                 'upload_date': '20201120',
1303                 'uploader': 'Walk around Japan',
1304                 'uploader_id': 'UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
1305                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
1306             },
1307             'params': {
1308                 'skip_download': True,
1309             },
1310         }, {
1311             # Has multiple audio streams
1312             'url': 'WaOKSUlf4TM',
1313             'only_matching': True
1314         }, {
1315             # Requires Premium: has format 141 when requested using YTM url
1316             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=XclachpHxis',
1317             'only_matching': True
1318         }, {
1319             # multiple subtitles with same lang_code
1320             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wsQiKKfKxug',
1321             'only_matching': True,
1322         },
1323     ]
1324
1325     @classmethod
1326     def suitable(cls, url):
1327         # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
1328         # (see #28780)
1329         from .youtube import parse_qs
1330         qs = parse_qs(url)
1331         if qs.get('list', [None])[0]:
1332             return False
1333         return super(YoutubeIE, cls).suitable(url)
1334
1335     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
1336         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
1337         self._code_cache = {}
1338         self._player_cache = {}
1339
1340     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
1341         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
1342         return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
1343
1344     @classmethod
1345     def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
1346         for player_re in cls._PLAYER_INFO_RE:
1347             id_m = re.search(player_re, player_url)
1348             if id_m:
1349                 break
1350         else:
1351             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
1352         return id_m.group('id')
1353
1354     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
1355         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
1356
1357         # Read from filesystem cache
1358         func_id = 'js_%s_%s' % (
1359             player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
1360         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
1361
1362         cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
1363         if cache_spec is not None:
1364             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
1365
1366         if player_id not in self._code_cache:
1367             self._code_cache[player_id] = self._download_webpage(
1368                 player_url, video_id,
1369                 note='Downloading player ' + player_id,
1370                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
1371         code = self._code_cache[player_id]
1372         res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
1373
1374         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1375         cache_res = res(test_string)
1376         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1377
1378         self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
1379         return res
1380
1381     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
1382         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
1383             def _genslice(start, end, step):
1384                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
1385                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
1386                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
1387                 return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
1388
1389             step = None
1390             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
1391             start = '(Never used)'
1392             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
1393                 if step is not None:
1394                     if i - prev == step:
1395                         continue
1396                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
1397                     step = None
1398                     continue
1399                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
1400                     step = i - prev
1401                     start = prev
1402                     continue
1403                 else:
1404                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
1405             if step is None:
1406                 yield 's[%d]' % i
1407             else:
1408                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
1409
1410         test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
1411         cache_res = func(test_string)
1412         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
1413         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
1414         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
1415             ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
1416         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
1417                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
1418         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
1419
1420     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
1421         funcname = self._search_regex(
1422             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1423              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1424              r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
1425              r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
1426              r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
1427              r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1428              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
1429              # Obsolete patterns
1430              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1431              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1432              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1433              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1434              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1435              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1436              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
1437              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
1438             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
1439
1440         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
1441         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
1442         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1443
1444     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url):
1445         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1446
1447         if player_url is None:
1448             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
1449
1450         if player_url.startswith('//'):
1451             player_url = 'https:' + player_url
1452         elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
1453             player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
1454                 'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
1455         try:
1456             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
1457             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1458                 func = self._extract_signature_function(
1459                     video_id, player_url, s
1460                 )
1461                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1462             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1463             if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1464                 self._print_sig_code(func, s)
1465             return func(s)
1466         except Exception as e:
1467             tb = traceback.format_exc()
1468             raise ExtractorError(
1469                 'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
1470
1471     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, player_response):
1472         playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
1473             player_response,
1474             lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']))
1475         if not playback_url:
1476             return
1477         parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
1478         qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
1479
1480         # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
1481         # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
1482         CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
1483         cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
1484
1485         qs.update({
1486             'ver': ['2'],
1487             'cpn': [cpn],
1488         })
1489         playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
1490             parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
1491
1492         self._download_webpage(
1493             playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
1494             'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
1495
1496     @staticmethod
1497     def _extract_urls(webpage):
1498         # Embedded YouTube player
1499         entries = [
1500             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
1501             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
1502             (?:
1503                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
1504                 data-video-url=|
1505                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
1506                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
1507                 <object[^>]+data=|
1508                 new\s+SWFObject\(
1509             )
1510             (["\'])
1511                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
1512                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
1513             \1''', webpage)]
1514
1515         # lazyYT YouTube embed
1516         entries.extend(list(map(
1517             unescapeHTML,
1518             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
1519
1520         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
1521         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
1522             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
1523             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
1524         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
1525
1526         return entries
1527
1528     @staticmethod
1529     def _extract_url(webpage):
1530         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
1531         return urls[0] if urls else None
1532
1533     @classmethod
1534     def extract_id(cls, url):
1535         mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1536         if mobj is None:
1537             raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1538         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1539         return video_id
1540
1541     def _extract_chapters_from_json(self, data, video_id, duration):
1542         chapters_list = try_get(
1543             data,
1544             lambda x: x['playerOverlays']
1545                        ['playerOverlayRenderer']
1546                        ['decoratedPlayerBarRenderer']
1547                        ['decoratedPlayerBarRenderer']
1548                        ['playerBar']
1549                        ['chapteredPlayerBarRenderer']
1550                        ['chapters'],
1551             list)
1552         if not chapters_list:
1553             return
1554
1555         def chapter_time(chapter):
1556             return float_or_none(
1557                 try_get(
1558                     chapter,
1559                     lambda x: x['chapterRenderer']['timeRangeStartMillis'],
1560                     int),
1561                 scale=1000)
1562         chapters = []
1563         for next_num, chapter in enumerate(chapters_list, start=1):
1564             start_time = chapter_time(chapter)
1565             if start_time is None:
1566                 continue
1567             end_time = (chapter_time(chapters_list[next_num])
1568                         if next_num < len(chapters_list) else duration)
1569             if end_time is None:
1570                 continue
1571             title = try_get(
1572                 chapter, lambda x: x['chapterRenderer']['title']['simpleText'],
1573                 compat_str)
1574             chapters.append({
1575                 'start_time': start_time,
1576                 'end_time': end_time,
1577                 'title': title,
1578             })
1579         return chapters
1580
1581     def _extract_yt_initial_variable(self, webpage, regex, video_id, name):
1582         return self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
1583             (r'%s\s*%s' % (regex, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
1584              regex), webpage, name, default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False)
1585
1586     @staticmethod
1587     def parse_time_text(time_text):
1588         """
1589         Parse the comment time text
1590         time_text is in the format 'X units ago (edited)'
1591         """
1592         time_text_split = time_text.split(' ')
1593         if len(time_text_split) >= 3:
1594             return datetime_from_str('now-%s%s' % (time_text_split[0], time_text_split[1]), precision='auto')
1595
1596     @staticmethod
1597     def _join_text_entries(runs):
1598         text = None
1599         for run in runs:
1600             if not isinstance(run, dict):
1601                 continue
1602             sub_text = try_get(run, lambda x: x['text'], compat_str)
1603             if sub_text:
1604                 if not text:
1605                     text = sub_text
1606                     continue
1607                 text += sub_text
1608         return text
1609
1610     def _extract_comment(self, comment_renderer, parent=None):
1611         comment_id = comment_renderer.get('commentId')
1612         if not comment_id:
1613             return
1614         comment_text_runs = try_get(comment_renderer, lambda x: x['contentText']['runs']) or []
1615         text = self._join_text_entries(comment_text_runs) or ''
1616         comment_time_text = try_get(comment_renderer, lambda x: x['publishedTimeText']['runs']) or []
1617         time_text = self._join_text_entries(comment_time_text)
1618         timestamp = calendar.timegm(self.parse_time_text(time_text).timetuple())
1619         author = try_get(comment_renderer, lambda x: x['authorText']['simpleText'], compat_str)
1620         author_id = try_get(comment_renderer,
1621                             lambda x: x['authorEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['browseId'], compat_str)
1622         votes = str_to_int(try_get(comment_renderer, (lambda x: x['voteCount']['simpleText'],
1623                                                       lambda x: x['likeCount']), compat_str)) or 0
1624         author_thumbnail = try_get(comment_renderer,
1625                                    lambda x: x['authorThumbnail']['thumbnails'][-1]['url'], compat_str)
1626
1627         author_is_uploader = try_get(comment_renderer, lambda x: x['authorIsChannelOwner'], bool)
1628         is_liked = try_get(comment_renderer, lambda x: x['isLiked'], bool)
1629         return {
1630             'id': comment_id,
1631             'text': text,
1632             'timestamp': timestamp,
1633             'time_text': time_text,
1634             'like_count': votes,
1635             'is_favorited': is_liked,
1636             'author': author,
1637             'author_id': author_id,
1638             'author_thumbnail': author_thumbnail,
1639             'author_is_uploader': author_is_uploader,
1640             'parent': parent or 'root'
1641         }
1642
1643     def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, identity_token, account_syncid,
1644                          ytcfg, session_token_list, parent=None, comment_counts=None):
1645
1646         def extract_thread(parent_renderer):
1647             contents = try_get(parent_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
1648             if not parent:
1649                 comment_counts[2] = 0
1650             for content in contents:
1651                 comment_thread_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['commentThreadRenderer'])
1652                 comment_renderer = try_get(
1653                     comment_thread_renderer, (lambda x: x['comment']['commentRenderer'], dict)) or try_get(
1654                     content, (lambda x: x['commentRenderer'], dict))
1655
1656                 if not comment_renderer:
1657                     continue
1658                 comment = self._extract_comment(comment_renderer, parent)
1659                 if not comment:
1660                     continue
1661                 comment_counts[0] += 1
1662                 yield comment
1663                 # Attempt to get the replies
1664                 comment_replies_renderer = try_get(
1665                     comment_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['replies']['commentRepliesRenderer'], dict)
1666
1667                 if comment_replies_renderer:
1668                     comment_counts[2] += 1
1669                     comment_entries_iter = self._comment_entries(
1670                         comment_replies_renderer, identity_token, account_syncid, ytcfg,
1671                         parent=comment.get('id'), session_token_list=session_token_list,
1672                         comment_counts=comment_counts)
1673
1674                     for reply_comment in comment_entries_iter:
1675                         yield reply_comment
1676
1677         if not comment_counts:
1678             # comment so far, est. total comments, current comment thread #
1679             comment_counts = [0, 0, 0]
1680
1681         # TODO: Generalize the download code with TabIE
1682         context = self._extract_context(ytcfg)
1683         visitor_data = try_get(context, lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str)
1684         continuation = YoutubeTabIE._extract_continuation(root_continuation_data)  # TODO
1685         first_continuation = False
1686         if parent is None:
1687             first_continuation = True
1688
1689         for page_num in itertools.count(0):
1690             if not continuation:
1691                 break
1692             headers = self._generate_api_headers(ytcfg, identity_token, account_syncid, visitor_data)
1693             retries = self._downloader.params.get('extractor_retries', 3)
1694             count = -1
1695             last_error = None
1696
1697             while count < retries:
1698                 count += 1
1699                 if last_error:
1700                     self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
1701                 try:
1702                     query = {
1703                         'ctoken': continuation['ctoken'],
1704                         'pbj': 1,
1705                         'type': 'next',
1706                     }
1707                     if parent:
1708                         query['action_get_comment_replies'] = 1
1709                     else:
1710                         query['action_get_comments'] = 1
1711
1712                     comment_prog_str = '(%d/%d)' % (comment_counts[0], comment_counts[1])
1713                     if page_num == 0:
1714                         if first_continuation:
1715                             note_prefix = 'Downloading initial comment continuation page'
1716                         else:
1717                             note_prefix = '    Downloading comment reply thread %d %s' % (comment_counts[2], comment_prog_str)
1718                     else:
1719                         note_prefix = '%sDownloading comment%s page %d %s' % (
1720                             '       ' if parent else '',
1721                             ' replies' if parent else '',
1722                             page_num,
1723                             comment_prog_str)
1724
1725                     browse = self._download_json(
1726                         'https://www.youtube.com/comment_service_ajax', None,
1727                         '%s %s' % (note_prefix, '(retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
1728                         headers=headers, query=query,
1729                         data=urlencode_postdata({
1730                             'session_token': session_token_list[0]
1731                         }))
1732                 except ExtractorError as e:
1733                     if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503, 404, 413):
1734                         if e.cause.code == 413:
1735                             self.report_warning('Assumed end of comments (received HTTP Error 413)')
1736                             return
1737                         # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
1738                         # Sometimes a 404 is also recieved. See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28289
1739                         last_error = 'HTTP Error %s' % e.cause.code
1740                         if e.cause.code == 404:
1741                             last_error = last_error + ' (this API is probably deprecated)'
1742                         if count < retries:
1743                             continue
1744                     raise
1745                 else:
1746                     session_token = try_get(browse, lambda x: x['xsrf_token'], compat_str)
1747                     if session_token:
1748                         session_token_list[0] = session_token
1749
1750                     response = try_get(browse,
1751                                        (lambda x: x['response'],
1752                                         lambda x: x[1]['response'])) or {}
1753
1754                     if response.get('continuationContents'):
1755                         break
1756
1757                     # YouTube sometimes gives reload: now json if something went wrong (e.g. bad auth)
1758                     if browse.get('reload'):
1759                         raise ExtractorError('Invalid or missing params in continuation request', expected=False)
1760
1761                     # TODO: not tested, merged from old extractor
1762                     err_msg = browse.get('externalErrorMessage')
1763                     if err_msg:
1764                         raise ExtractorError('YouTube said: %s' % err_msg, expected=False)
1765
1766                     # Youtube sometimes sends incomplete data
1767                     # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28194
1768                     last_error = 'Incomplete data received'
1769                     if count >= retries:
1770                         raise ExtractorError(last_error)
1771
1772             if not response:
1773                 break
1774             visitor_data = try_get(
1775                 response,
1776                 lambda x: x['responseContext']['webResponseContextExtensionData']['ytConfigData']['visitorData'],
1777                 compat_str) or visitor_data
1778
1779             known_continuation_renderers = {
1780                 'itemSectionContinuation': extract_thread,
1781                 'commentRepliesContinuation': extract_thread
1782             }
1783
1784             # extract next root continuation from the results
1785             continuation_contents = try_get(
1786                 response, lambda x: x['continuationContents'], dict) or {}
1787
1788             for key, value in continuation_contents.items():
1789                 if key not in known_continuation_renderers:
1790                     continue
1791                 continuation_renderer = value
1792
1793                 if first_continuation:
1794                     first_continuation = False
1795                     expected_comment_count = try_get(
1796                         continuation_renderer,
1797                         (lambda x: x['header']['commentsHeaderRenderer']['countText']['runs'][0]['text'],
1798                          lambda x: x['header']['commentsHeaderRenderer']['commentsCount']['runs'][0]['text']),
1799                         compat_str)
1800
1801                     if expected_comment_count:
1802                         comment_counts[1] = str_to_int(expected_comment_count)
1803                         self.to_screen('Downloading ~%d comments' % str_to_int(expected_comment_count))
1804                         yield comment_counts[1]
1805
1806                     # TODO: cli arg.
1807                     # 1/True for newest, 0/False for popular (default)
1808                     comment_sort_index = int(True)
1809                     sort_continuation_renderer = try_get(
1810                         continuation_renderer,
1811                         lambda x: x['header']['commentsHeaderRenderer']['sortMenu']['sortFilterSubMenuRenderer']['subMenuItems']
1812                         [comment_sort_index]['continuation']['reloadContinuationData'], dict)
1813                     # If this fails, the initial continuation page
1814                     # starts off with popular anyways.
1815                     if sort_continuation_renderer:
1816                         continuation = YoutubeTabIE._build_continuation_query(
1817                             continuation=sort_continuation_renderer.get('continuation'),
1818                             ctp=sort_continuation_renderer.get('clickTrackingParams'))
1819                         self.to_screen('Sorting comments by %s' % ('popular' if comment_sort_index == 0 else 'newest'))
1820                         break
1821
1822                 for entry in known_continuation_renderers[key](continuation_renderer):
1823                     yield entry
1824
1825                 continuation = YoutubeTabIE._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)  # TODO
1826                 break
1827
1828     def _extract_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage, xsrf_token):
1829         """Entry for comment extraction"""
1830         comments = []
1831         known_entry_comment_renderers = (
1832             'itemSectionRenderer',
1833         )
1834         estimated_total = 0
1835         for entry in contents:
1836             for key, renderer in entry.items():
1837                 if key not in known_entry_comment_renderers:
1838                     continue
1839
1840                 comment_iter = self._comment_entries(
1841                     renderer,
1842                     identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=video_id),
1843                     account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg),
1844                     ytcfg=ytcfg,
1845                     session_token_list=[xsrf_token])
1846
1847                 for comment in comment_iter:
1848                     if isinstance(comment, int):
1849                         estimated_total = comment
1850                         continue
1851                     comments.append(comment)
1852                 break
1853         self.to_screen('Downloaded %d/%d comments' % (len(comments), estimated_total))
1854         return {
1855             'comments': comments,
1856             'comment_count': len(comments),
1857         }
1858
1859     def _real_extract(self, url):
1860         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
1861         video_id = self._match_id(url)
1862
1863         is_music_url = smuggled_data.get('is_music_url') or self.is_music_url(url)
1864
1865         base_url = self.http_scheme() + '//www.youtube.com/'
1866         webpage_url = base_url + 'watch?v=' + video_id
1867         webpage = self._download_webpage(
1868             webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1', video_id, fatal=False)
1869
1870         def get_text(x):
1871             if not x:
1872                 return
1873             text = x.get('simpleText')
1874             if text and isinstance(text, compat_str):
1875                 return text
1876             runs = x.get('runs')
1877             if not isinstance(runs, list):
1878                 return
1879             return ''.join([r['text'] for r in runs if isinstance(r.get('text'), compat_str)])
1880
1881         ytm_streaming_data = {}
1882         if is_music_url:
1883             # we are forcing to use parse_json because 141 only appeared in get_video_info.
1884             # el, c, cver, cplayer field required for 141(aac 256kbps) codec
1885             # maybe paramter of youtube music player?
1886             ytm_player_response = self._parse_json(try_get(compat_parse_qs(
1887                 self._download_webpage(
1888                     base_url + 'get_video_info', video_id,
1889                     'Fetching youtube-music info webpage',
1890                     'unable to download youtube-music info webpage', query={
1891                         'video_id': video_id,
1892                         'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1893                         'el': 'detailpage',
1894                         'c': 'WEB_REMIX',
1895                         'cver': '0.1',
1896                         'cplayer': 'UNIPLAYER'
1897                     }, fatal=False)),
1898                 lambda x: x['player_response'][0],
1899                 compat_str) or '{}', video_id)
1900             ytm_streaming_data = ytm_player_response.get('streamingData') or {}
1901
1902         player_response = None
1903         if webpage:
1904             player_response = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
1905                 webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE,
1906                 video_id, 'initial player response')
1907
1908         ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage)
1909         if not player_response:
1910             player_response = self._call_api(
1911                 'player', {'videoId': video_id}, video_id, api_key=self._extract_api_key(ytcfg))
1912
1913         playability_status = player_response.get('playabilityStatus') or {}
1914         if playability_status.get('reason') == 'Sign in to confirm your age':
1915             pr = self._parse_json(try_get(compat_parse_qs(
1916                 self._download_webpage(
1917                     base_url + 'get_video_info', video_id,
1918                     'Refetching age-gated info webpage',
1919                     'unable to download video info webpage', query={
1920                         'video_id': video_id,
1921                         'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1922                     }, fatal=False)),
1923                 lambda x: x['player_response'][0],
1924                 compat_str) or '{}', video_id)
1925             if pr:
1926                 player_response = pr
1927
1928         trailer_video_id = try_get(
1929             playability_status,
1930             lambda x: x['errorScreen']['playerLegacyDesktopYpcTrailerRenderer']['trailerVideoId'],
1931             compat_str)
1932         if trailer_video_id:
1933             return self.url_result(
1934                 trailer_video_id, self.ie_key(), trailer_video_id)
1935
1936         search_meta = (
1937             lambda x: self._html_search_meta(x, webpage, default=None)) \
1938             if webpage else lambda x: None
1939
1940         video_details = player_response.get('videoDetails') or {}
1941         microformat = try_get(
1942             player_response,
1943             lambda x: x['microformat']['playerMicroformatRenderer'],
1944             dict) or {}
1945         video_title = video_details.get('title') \
1946             or get_text(microformat.get('title')) \
1947             or search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title', 'title'])
1948         video_description = video_details.get('shortDescription')
1949
1950         if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
1951             if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1952                 multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
1953                     player_response,
1954                     lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
1955                     compat_str)
1956                 if multifeed_metadata_list:
1957                     entries = []
1958                     feed_ids = []
1959                     for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
1960                         # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
1961                         # fields may contain comma as well (see
1962                         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1963                         feed_data = compat_parse_qs(
1964                             compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
1965
1966                         def feed_entry(name):
1967                             return try_get(
1968                                 feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], compat_str)
1969
1970                         feed_id = feed_entry('id')
1971                         if not feed_id:
1972                             continue
1973                         feed_title = feed_entry('title')
1974                         title = video_title
1975                         if feed_title:
1976                             title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
1977                         entries.append({
1978                             '_type': 'url_transparent',
1979                             'ie_key': 'Youtube',
1980                             'url': smuggle_url(
1981                                 base_url + 'watch?v=' + feed_data['id'][0],
1982                                 {'force_singlefeed': True}),
1983                             'title': title,
1984                         })
1985                         feed_ids.append(feed_id)
1986                     self.to_screen(
1987                         'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
1988                         % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
1989                     return self.playlist_result(
1990                         entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
1991             else:
1992                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1993
1994         formats, itags, stream_ids = [], [], []
1995         itag_qualities = {}
1996         player_url = None
1997         q = qualities(['tiny', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'hd720', 'hd1080', 'hd1440', 'hd2160', 'hd2880', 'highres'])
1998
1999         streaming_data = player_response.get('streamingData') or {}
2000         streaming_formats = streaming_data.get('formats') or []
2001         streaming_formats.extend(streaming_data.get('adaptiveFormats') or [])
2002         streaming_formats.extend(ytm_streaming_data.get('formats') or [])
2003         streaming_formats.extend(ytm_streaming_data.get('adaptiveFormats') or [])
2004
2005         for fmt in streaming_formats:
2006             if fmt.get('targetDurationSec') or fmt.get('drmFamilies'):
2007                 continue
2008
2009             itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
2010             audio_track = fmt.get('audioTrack') or {}
2011             stream_id = '%s.%s' % (itag or '', audio_track.get('id', ''))
2012             if stream_id in stream_ids:
2013                 continue
2014
2015             quality = fmt.get('quality')
2016             if itag and quality:
2017                 itag_qualities[itag] = quality
2018             # FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF(otf=1) requires downloading the init fragment
2019             # (adding `&sq=0` to the URL) and parsing emsg box to determine the
2020             # number of fragment that would subsequently requested with (`&sq=N`)
2021             if fmt.get('type') == 'FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF':
2022                 continue
2023
2024             fmt_url = fmt.get('url')
2025             if not fmt_url:
2026                 sc = compat_parse_qs(fmt.get('signatureCipher'))
2027                 fmt_url = url_or_none(try_get(sc, lambda x: x['url'][0]))
2028                 encrypted_sig = try_get(sc, lambda x: x['s'][0])
2029                 if not (sc and fmt_url and encrypted_sig):
2030                     continue
2031                 if not player_url:
2032                     if not webpage:
2033                         continue
2034                     player_url = self._search_regex(
2035                         r'"(?:PLAYER_JS_URL|jsUrl)"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"',
2036                         webpage, 'player URL', fatal=False)
2037                 if not player_url:
2038                     continue
2039                 signature = self._decrypt_signature(sc['s'][0], video_id, player_url)
2040                 sp = try_get(sc, lambda x: x['sp'][0]) or 'signature'
2041                 fmt_url += '&' + sp + '=' + signature
2042
2043             if itag:
2044                 itags.append(itag)
2045                 stream_ids.append(stream_id)
2046
2047             tbr = float_or_none(
2048                 fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)
2049             dct = {
2050                 'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
2051                 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
2052                 'format_id': itag,
2053                 'format_note': audio_track.get('displayName') or fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality,
2054                 'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
2055                 'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
2056                 'quality': q(quality),
2057                 'tbr': tbr,
2058                 'url': fmt_url,
2059                 'width': fmt.get('width'),
2060                 'language': audio_track.get('id', '').split('.')[0],
2061             }
2062             mimetype = fmt.get('mimeType')
2063             if mimetype:
2064                 mobj = re.match(
2065                     r'((?:[^/]+)/(?:[^;]+))(?:;\s*codecs="([^"]+)")?', mimetype)
2066                 if mobj:
2067                     dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(mobj.group(1))
2068                     dct.update(parse_codecs(mobj.group(2)))
2069             no_audio = dct.get('acodec') == 'none'
2070             no_video = dct.get('vcodec') == 'none'
2071             if no_audio:
2072                 dct['vbr'] = tbr
2073             if no_video:
2074                 dct['abr'] = tbr
2075             if no_audio or no_video:
2076                 dct['downloader_options'] = {
2077                     # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
2078                     'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
2079                 }
2080                 if dct.get('ext'):
2081                     dct['container'] = dct['ext'] + '_dash'
2082             formats.append(dct)
2083
2084         for sd in (streaming_data, ytm_streaming_data):
2085             hls_manifest_url = sd.get('hlsManifestUrl')
2086             if hls_manifest_url:
2087                 for f in self._extract_m3u8_formats(
2088                         hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False):
2089                     itag = self._search_regex(
2090                         r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)
2091                     if itag:
2092                         f['format_id'] = itag
2093                 formats.append(f)
2094
2095         if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
2096             for sd in (streaming_data, ytm_streaming_data):
2097                 dash_manifest_url = sd.get('dashManifestUrl')
2098                 if dash_manifest_url:
2099                     for f in self._extract_mpd_formats(
2100                             dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False):
2101                         itag = f['format_id']
2102                         if itag in itags:
2103                             continue
2104                         if itag in itag_qualities:
2105                             # Not actually usefull since the sorting is already done with "quality,res,fps,codec"
2106                             # but kept to maintain feature parity (and code similarity) with youtube-dl
2107                             # Remove if this causes any issues with sorting in future
2108                             f['quality'] = q(itag_qualities[itag])
2109                         filesize = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
2110                             r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url')
2111                             or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
2112                         if filesize:
2113                             f['filesize'] = filesize
2114                         formats.append(f)
2115
2116         if not formats:
2117             if not self._downloader.params.get('allow_unplayable_formats') and streaming_data.get('licenseInfos'):
2118                 self.raise_no_formats(
2119                     'This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
2120             pemr = try_get(
2121                 playability_status,
2122                 lambda x: x['errorScreen']['playerErrorMessageRenderer'],
2123                 dict) or {}
2124             reason = get_text(pemr.get('reason')) or playability_status.get('reason')
2125             subreason = pemr.get('subreason')
2126             if subreason:
2127                 subreason = clean_html(get_text(subreason))
2128                 if subreason == 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.':
2129                     countries = microformat.get('availableCountries')
2130                     if not countries:
2131                         regions_allowed = search_meta('regionsAllowed')
2132                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
2133                     self.raise_geo_restricted(subreason, countries, metadata_available=True)
2134                 reason += '\n' + subreason
2135             if reason:
2136                 self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)
2137
2138         self._sort_formats(formats)
2139
2140         keywords = video_details.get('keywords') or []
2141         if not keywords and webpage:
2142             keywords = [
2143                 unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
2144                 for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), webpage)]
2145         for keyword in keywords:
2146             if keyword.startswith('yt:stretch='):
2147                 mobj = re.search(r'(\d+)\s*:\s*(\d+)', keyword)
2148                 if mobj:
2149                     # NB: float is intentional for forcing float division
2150                     w, h = (float(v) for v in mobj.groups())
2151                     if w > 0 and h > 0:
2152                         ratio = w / h
2153                         for f in formats:
2154                             if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
2155                                 f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
2156                         break
2157
2158         thumbnails = []
2159         for container in (video_details, microformat):
2160             for thumbnail in (try_get(
2161                     container,
2162                     lambda x: x['thumbnail']['thumbnails'], list) or []):
2163                 thumbnail_url = thumbnail.get('url')
2164                 if not thumbnail_url:
2165                     continue
2166                 # Sometimes youtube gives a wrong thumbnail URL. See:
2167                 # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/233
2168                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28023
2169                 if 'maxresdefault' in thumbnail_url:
2170                     thumbnail_url = thumbnail_url.split('?')[0]
2171                 thumbnails.append({
2172                     'height': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('height')),
2173                     'url': thumbnail_url,
2174                     'width': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('width')),
2175                 })
2176             if thumbnails:
2177                 break
2178         else:
2179             thumbnail = search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'])
2180             if thumbnail:
2181                 thumbnails = [{'url': thumbnail}]
2182
2183         category = microformat.get('category') or search_meta('genre')
2184         channel_id = video_details.get('channelId') \
2185             or microformat.get('externalChannelId') \
2186             or search_meta('channelId')
2187         duration = int_or_none(
2188             video_details.get('lengthSeconds')
2189             or microformat.get('lengthSeconds')) \
2190             or parse_duration(search_meta('duration'))
2191         is_live = video_details.get('isLive')
2192         owner_profile_url = microformat.get('ownerProfileUrl')
2193
2194         info = {
2195             'id': video_id,
2196             'title': self._live_title(video_title) if is_live else video_title,
2197             'formats': formats,
2198             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
2199             'description': video_description,
2200             'upload_date': unified_strdate(
2201                 microformat.get('uploadDate')
2202                 or search_meta('uploadDate')),
2203             'uploader': video_details['author'],
2204             'uploader_id': self._search_regex(r'/(?:channel|user)/([^/?&#]+)', owner_profile_url, 'uploader id') if owner_profile_url else None,
2205             'uploader_url': owner_profile_url,
2206             'channel_id': channel_id,
2207             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/' + channel_id if channel_id else None,
2208             'duration': duration,
2209             'view_count': int_or_none(
2210                 video_details.get('viewCount')
2211                 or microformat.get('viewCount')
2212                 or search_meta('interactionCount')),
2213             'average_rating': float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating')),
2214             'age_limit': 18 if (
2215                 microformat.get('isFamilySafe') is False
2216                 or search_meta('isFamilyFriendly') == 'false'
2217                 or search_meta('og:restrictions:age') == '18+') else 0,
2218             'webpage_url': webpage_url,
2219             'categories': [category] if category else None,
2220             'tags': keywords,
2221             'is_live': is_live,
2222             'playable_in_embed': playability_status.get('playableInEmbed'),
2223             'was_live': video_details.get('isLiveContent'),
2224         }
2225
2226         pctr = try_get(
2227             player_response,
2228             lambda x: x['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer'], dict)
2229         subtitles = {}
2230         if pctr:
2231             def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
2232                 lang_subs = container.setdefault(lang_code, [])
2233                 for fmt in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
2234                     query.update({
2235                         'fmt': fmt,
2236                     })
2237                     lang_subs.append({
2238                         'ext': fmt,
2239                         'url': update_url_query(base_url, query),
2240                         'name': sub_name,
2241                     })
2242
2243             for caption_track in (pctr.get('captionTracks') or []):
2244                 base_url = caption_track.get('baseUrl')
2245                 if not base_url:
2246                     continue
2247                 if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
2248                     lang_code = (
2249                         remove_start(caption_track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
2250                         or caption_track.get('languageCode'))
2251                     if not lang_code:
2252                         continue
2253                     process_language(
2254                         subtitles, base_url, lang_code,
2255                         try_get(caption_track, lambda x: x.get('name').get('simpleText')),
2256                         {})
2257                     continue
2258                 automatic_captions = {}
2259                 for translation_language in (pctr.get('translationLanguages') or []):
2260                     translation_language_code = translation_language.get('languageCode')
2261                     if not translation_language_code:
2262                         continue
2263                     process_language(
2264                         automatic_captions, base_url, translation_language_code,
2265                         try_get(translation_language, lambda x: x['languageName']['simpleText']),
2266                         {'tlang': translation_language_code})
2267                 info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
2268         info['subtitles'] = subtitles
2269
2270         parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
2271         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
2272             query = compat_parse_qs(component)
2273             for k, v in query.items():
2274                 for d_k, s_ks in [('start', ('start', 't')), ('end', ('end',))]:
2275                     d_k += '_time'
2276                     if d_k not in info and k in s_ks:
2277                         info[d_k] = parse_duration(query[k][0])
2278
2279         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
2280         if video_description:
2281             mobj = re.search(r'(?s)(?P<track>[^·\n]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?.+\nAuto-generated by YouTube\.\s*$', video_description)
2282             if mobj:
2283                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
2284                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
2285                 if release_date:
2286                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
2287                     if not release_year:
2288                         release_year = release_date[:4]
2289                 info.update({
2290                     'album': mobj.group('album'.strip()),
2291                     'artist': mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·')),
2292                     'track': mobj.group('track').strip(),
2293                     'release_date': release_date,
2294                     'release_year': int_or_none(release_year),
2295                 })
2296
2297         initial_data = None
2298         if webpage:
2299             initial_data = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
2300                 webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, video_id,
2301                 'yt initial data')
2302         if not initial_data:
2303             initial_data = self._call_api(
2304                 'next', {'videoId': video_id}, video_id, fatal=False, api_key=self._extract_api_key(ytcfg))
2305
2306         if not is_live:
2307             try:
2308                 # This will error if there is no livechat
2309                 initial_data['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['conversationBar']['liveChatRenderer']['continuations'][0]['reloadContinuationData']['continuation']
2310                 info['subtitles']['live_chat'] = [{
2311                     'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,  # url is needed to set cookies
2312                     'video_id': video_id,
2313                     'ext': 'json',
2314                     'protocol': 'youtube_live_chat_replay',
2315                 }]
2316             except (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
2317                 pass
2318
2319         if initial_data:
2320             chapters = self._extract_chapters_from_json(
2321                 initial_data, video_id, duration)
2322             if not chapters:
2323                 for engagment_pannel in (initial_data.get('engagementPanels') or []):
2324                     contents = try_get(
2325                         engagment_pannel, lambda x: x['engagementPanelSectionListRenderer']['content']['macroMarkersListRenderer']['contents'],
2326                         list)
2327                     if not contents:
2328                         continue
2329
2330                     def chapter_time(mmlir):
2331                         return parse_duration(
2332                             get_text(mmlir.get('timeDescription')))
2333
2334                     chapters = []
2335                     for next_num, content in enumerate(contents, start=1):
2336                         mmlir = content.get('macroMarkersListItemRenderer') or {}
2337                         start_time = chapter_time(mmlir)
2338                         end_time = chapter_time(try_get(
2339                             contents, lambda x: x[next_num]['macroMarkersListItemRenderer'])) \
2340                             if next_num < len(contents) else duration
2341                         if start_time is None or end_time is None:
2342                             continue
2343                         chapters.append({
2344                             'start_time': start_time,
2345                             'end_time': end_time,
2346                             'title': get_text(mmlir.get('title')),
2347                         })
2348                     if chapters:
2349                         break
2350             if chapters:
2351                 info['chapters'] = chapters
2352
2353             contents = try_get(
2354                 initial_data,
2355                 lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['results']['results']['contents'],
2356                 list) or []
2357             for content in contents:
2358                 vpir = content.get('videoPrimaryInfoRenderer')
2359                 if vpir:
2360                     stl = vpir.get('superTitleLink')
2361                     if stl:
2362                         stl = get_text(stl)
2363                         if try_get(
2364                                 vpir,
2365                                 lambda x: x['superTitleIcon']['iconType']) == 'LOCATION_PIN':
2366                             info['location'] = stl
2367                         else:
2368                             mobj = re.search(r'(.+?)\s*S(\d+)\s*•\s*E(\d+)', stl)
2369                             if mobj:
2370                                 info.update({
2371                                     'series': mobj.group(1),
2372                                     'season_number': int(mobj.group(2)),
2373                                     'episode_number': int(mobj.group(3)),
2374                                 })
2375                     for tlb in (try_get(
2376                             vpir,
2377                             lambda x: x['videoActions']['menuRenderer']['topLevelButtons'],
2378                             list) or []):
2379                         tbr = tlb.get('toggleButtonRenderer') or {}
2380                         for getter, regex in [(
2381                                 lambda x: x['defaultText']['accessibility']['accessibilityData'],
2382                                 r'(?P<count>[\d,]+)\s*(?P<type>(?:dis)?like)'), ([
2383                                     lambda x: x['accessibility'],
2384                                     lambda x: x['accessibilityData']['accessibilityData'],
2385                                 ], r'(?P<type>(?:dis)?like) this video along with (?P<count>[\d,]+) other people')]:
2386                             label = (try_get(tbr, getter, dict) or {}).get('label')
2387                             if label:
2388                                 mobj = re.match(regex, label)
2389                                 if mobj:
2390                                     info[mobj.group('type') + '_count'] = str_to_int(mobj.group('count'))
2391                                     break
2392                     sbr_tooltip = try_get(
2393                         vpir, lambda x: x['sentimentBar']['sentimentBarRenderer']['tooltip'])
2394                     if sbr_tooltip:
2395                         like_count, dislike_count = sbr_tooltip.split(' / ')
2396                         info.update({
2397                             'like_count': str_to_int(like_count),
2398                             'dislike_count': str_to_int(dislike_count),
2399                         })
2400                 vsir = content.get('videoSecondaryInfoRenderer')
2401                 if vsir:
2402                     info['channel'] = get_text(try_get(
2403                         vsir,
2404                         lambda x: x['owner']['videoOwnerRenderer']['title'],
2405                         dict))
2406                     rows = try_get(
2407                         vsir,
2408                         lambda x: x['metadataRowContainer']['metadataRowContainerRenderer']['rows'],
2409                         list) or []
2410                     multiple_songs = False
2411                     for row in rows:
2412                         if try_get(row, lambda x: x['metadataRowRenderer']['hasDividerLine']) is True:
2413                             multiple_songs = True
2414                             break
2415                     for row in rows:
2416                         mrr = row.get('metadataRowRenderer') or {}
2417                         mrr_title = mrr.get('title')
2418                         if not mrr_title:
2419                             continue
2420                         mrr_title = get_text(mrr['title'])
2421                         mrr_contents_text = get_text(mrr['contents'][0])
2422                         if mrr_title == 'License':
2423                             info['license'] = mrr_contents_text
2424                         elif not multiple_songs:
2425                             if mrr_title == 'Album':
2426                                 info['album'] = mrr_contents_text
2427                             elif mrr_title == 'Artist':
2428                                 info['artist'] = mrr_contents_text
2429                             elif mrr_title == 'Song':
2430                                 info['track'] = mrr_contents_text
2431
2432         fallbacks = {
2433             'channel': 'uploader',
2434             'channel_id': 'uploader_id',
2435             'channel_url': 'uploader_url',
2436         }
2437         for to, frm in fallbacks.items():
2438             if not info.get(to):
2439                 info[to] = info.get(frm)
2440
2441         for s_k, d_k in [('artist', 'creator'), ('track', 'alt_title')]:
2442             v = info.get(s_k)
2443             if v:
2444                 info[d_k] = v
2445
2446         is_private = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isPrivate'))
2447         is_unlisted = bool_or_none(microformat.get('isUnlisted'))
2448         is_membersonly = None
2449         is_premium = None
2450         if initial_data and is_private is not None:
2451             is_membersonly = False
2452             is_premium = False
2453             contents = try_get(initial_data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['results']['results']['contents'], list)
2454             for content in contents or []:
2455                 badges = try_get(content, lambda x: x['videoPrimaryInfoRenderer']['badges'], list)
2456                 for badge in badges or []:
2457                     label = try_get(badge, lambda x: x['metadataBadgeRenderer']['label']) or ''
2458                     if label.lower() == 'members only':
2459                         is_membersonly = True
2460                         break
2461                     elif label.lower() == 'premium':
2462                         is_premium = True
2463                         break
2464                 if is_membersonly or is_premium:
2465                     break
2466
2467         # TODO: Add this for playlists
2468         info['availability'] = self._availability(
2469             is_private=is_private,
2470             needs_premium=is_premium,
2471             needs_subscription=is_membersonly,
2472             needs_auth=info['age_limit'] >= 18,
2473             is_unlisted=None if is_private is None else is_unlisted)
2474
2475         # get xsrf for annotations or comments
2476         get_annotations = self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False)
2477         get_comments = self._downloader.params.get('getcomments', False)
2478         if get_annotations or get_comments:
2479             xsrf_token = None
2480             ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage)
2481             if ytcfg:
2482                 xsrf_token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['XSRF_TOKEN'], compat_str)
2483             if not xsrf_token:
2484                 xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
2485                     r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>(?:(?!\2).)+)\2',
2486                     webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
2487
2488         # annotations
2489         if get_annotations:
2490             invideo_url = try_get(
2491                 player_response, lambda x: x['annotations'][0]['playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer']['invideoUrl'], compat_str)
2492             if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
2493                 xsrf_field_name = None
2494                 if ytcfg:
2495                     xsrf_field_name = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['XSRF_FIELD_NAME'], compat_str)
2496                 if not xsrf_field_name:
2497                     xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
2498                         r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
2499                         webpage, 'xsrf field name',
2500                         group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
2501                 info['annotations'] = self._download_webpage(
2502                     self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
2503                     video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
2504                     errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
2505                     data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
2506
2507         if get_comments:
2508             info['__post_extractor'] = lambda: self._extract_comments(ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage, xsrf_token)
2509
2510         self.mark_watched(video_id, player_response)
2511
2512         return info
2513
2514
2515 class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
2516     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com tab'
2517     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
2518                     https?://
2519                         (?:\w+\.)?
2520                         (?:
2521                             youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
2522                             invidio\.us
2523                         )/
2524                         (?:
2525                             (?:channel|c|user)/|
2526                             (?P<not_channel>
2527                                 feed/|hashtag/|
2528                                 (?:playlist|watch)\?.*?\blist=
2529                             )|
2530                             (?!(?:%s)\b)  # Direct URLs
2531                         )
2532                         (?P<id>[^/?\#&]+)
2533                     ''' % YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._RESERVED_NAMES
2534     IE_NAME = 'youtube:tab'
2535
2536     _TESTS = [{
2537         # playlists, multipage
2538         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ИгорьКлейнер/playlists?view=1&flow=grid',
2539         'playlist_mincount': 94,
2540         'info_dict': {
2541             'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
2542             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
2543             'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
2544             'uploader': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2545             'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
2546         },
2547     }, {
2548         # playlists, multipage, different order
2549         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
2550         'playlist_mincount': 94,
2551         'info_dict': {
2552             'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
2553             'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
2554             'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
2555             'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
2556             'uploader': 'Игорь Клейнер',
2557         },
2558     }, {
2559         # playlists, series
2560         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=3',
2561         'playlist_mincount': 5,
2562         'info_dict': {
2563             'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
2564             'title': '3Blue1Brown - Playlists',
2565             'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
2566         },
2567     }, {
2568         # playlists, singlepage
2569         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
2570         'playlist_mincount': 4,
2571         'info_dict': {
2572             'id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
2573             'title': 'ThirstForScience - Playlists',
2574             'description': 'md5:609399d937ea957b0f53cbffb747a14c',
2575             'uploader': 'ThirstForScience',
2576             'uploader_id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
2577         }
2578     }, {
2579         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChristophLaimer/playlists',
2580         'only_matching': True,
2581     }, {
2582         # basic, single video playlist
2583         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2584         'info_dict': {
2585             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2586             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2587             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2588             'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
2589         },
2590         'playlist_count': 1,
2591     }, {
2592         # empty playlist
2593         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2594         'info_dict': {
2595             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2596             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
2597             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
2598             'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
2599         },
2600         'playlist_count': 0,
2601     }, {
2602         # Home tab
2603         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/featured',
2604         'info_dict': {
2605             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2606             'title': 'lex will - Home',
2607             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
2608             'uploader': 'lex will',
2609             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2610         },
2611         'playlist_mincount': 2,
2612     }, {
2613         # Videos tab
2614         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos',
2615         'info_dict': {
2616             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2617             'title': 'lex will - Videos',
2618             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
2619             'uploader': 'lex will',
2620             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2621         },
2622         'playlist_mincount': 975,
2623     }, {
2624         # Videos tab, sorted by popular
2625         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid',
2626         'info_dict': {
2627             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2628             'title': 'lex will - Videos',
2629             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
2630             'uploader': 'lex will',
2631             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2632         },
2633         'playlist_mincount': 199,
2634     }, {
2635         # Playlists tab
2636         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/playlists',
2637         'info_dict': {
2638             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2639             'title': 'lex will - Playlists',
2640             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
2641             'uploader': 'lex will',
2642             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2643         },
2644         'playlist_mincount': 17,
2645     }, {
2646         # Community tab
2647         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/community',
2648         'info_dict': {
2649             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2650             'title': 'lex will - Community',
2651             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
2652             'uploader': 'lex will',
2653             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2654         },
2655         'playlist_mincount': 18,
2656     }, {
2657         # Channels tab
2658         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/channels',
2659         'info_dict': {
2660             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2661             'title': 'lex will - Channels',
2662             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
2663             'uploader': 'lex will',
2664             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
2665         },
2666         'playlist_mincount': 12,
2667     }, {
2668         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2669         'only_matching': True,
2670     }, {
2671         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2672         'only_matching': True,
2673     }, {
2674         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
2675         'only_matching': True,
2676     }, {
2677         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
2678         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2679         'info_dict': {
2680             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
2681             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
2682             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
2683             'uploader_id': 'UCEPzS1rYsrkqzSLNp76nrcg',
2684             'description': 'md5:a14dc1a8ef8307a9807fe136a0660268',
2685         },
2686         'playlist_count': 96,
2687     }, {
2688         'note': 'Large playlist',
2689         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2690         'info_dict': {
2691             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
2692             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2693             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
2694             'uploader_id': 'UCBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
2695         },
2696         'playlist_mincount': 1123,
2697     }, {
2698         # even larger playlist, 8832 videos
2699         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/NASAgovVideo/videos',
2700         'only_matching': True,
2701     }, {
2702         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
2703         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2704         'info_dict': {
2705             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
2706             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2707             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
2708             'uploader_id': 'UCXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
2709         },
2710         'playlist_mincount': 21,
2711     }, {
2712         'note': 'Playlist with "show unavailable videos" button',
2713         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
2714         'info_dict': {
2715             'title': 'Uploads from Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
2716             'id': 'UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
2717             'uploader': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
2718             'uploader_id': 'UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
2719         },
2720         'playlist_mincount': 1400,
2721         'expected_warnings': [
2722             'YouTube said: INFO - Unavailable videos are hidden',
2723         ]
2724     }, {
2725         'note': 'Playlist with unavailable videos in a later page',
2726         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
2727         'info_dict': {
2728             'title': 'Uploads from BlankTV',
2729             'id': 'UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
2730             'uploader': 'BlankTV',
2731             'uploader_id': 'UC8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
2732         },
2733         'playlist_mincount': 20000,
2734     }, {
2735         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
2736         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2737         'info_dict': {
2738             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
2739             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
2740             'uploader_id': 'UC9-y-6csu5WGm29I7JiwpnA',
2741             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
2742             'description': 'md5:7f567c574d13d3f8c0954d9ffee4e487',
2743         },
2744         'playlist_mincount': 11,
2745     }, {
2746         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
2747         'only_matching': True,
2748     }, {
2749         # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
2750         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
2751         'info_dict': {
2752             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
2753             'ext': 'webm',
2754             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
2755             'uploader': 'STREEM',
2756             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2757             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
2758             'upload_date': '20150526',
2759             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2760             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
2761             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2762             'tags': list,
2763             'view_count': int,
2764             'like_count': int,
2765             'dislike_count': int,
2766         },
2767         'params': {
2768             'skip_download': True,
2769         },
2770         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
2771         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
2772     }, {
2773         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
2774         'only_matching': True,
2775     }, {
2776         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
2777         'only_matching': True,
2778     }, {
2779         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ/live',
2780         'info_dict': {
2781             'id': '9Auq9mYxFEE',
2782             'ext': 'mp4',
2783             'title': compat_str,
2784             'uploader': 'Sky News',
2785             'uploader_id': 'skynews',
2786             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/skynews',
2787             'upload_date': '20191102',
2788             'description': 'md5:85ddd75d888674631aaf9599a9a0b0ae',
2789             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2790             'tags': list,
2791             'like_count': int,
2792             'dislike_count': int,
2793         },
2794         'params': {
2795             'skip_download': True,
2796         },
2797     }, {
2798         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
2799         'info_dict': {
2800             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
2801             'ext': 'mp4',
2802             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
2803             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
2804             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
2805             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
2806             'upload_date': '20150715',
2807             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
2808             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
2809             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2810             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
2811             'like_count': int,
2812             'dislike_count': int,
2813         },
2814         'params': {
2815             'skip_download': True,
2816         },
2817         'only_matching': True,
2818     }, {
2819         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
2820         'only_matching': True,
2821     }, {
2822         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
2823         'only_matching': True,
2824     }, {
2825         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending',
2826         'only_matching': True,
2827     }, {
2828         # needs auth
2829         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/library',
2830         'only_matching': True,
2831     }, {
2832         # needs auth
2833         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/history',
2834         'only_matching': True,
2835     }, {
2836         # needs auth
2837         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/subscriptions',
2838         'only_matching': True,
2839     }, {
2840         # needs auth
2841         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/watch_later',
2842         'only_matching': True,
2843     }, {
2844         # no longer available?
2845         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
2846         'only_matching': True,
2847     }, {
2848         # inline playlist with not always working continuations
2849         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UC6u0Tct-Fo&list=PL36D642111D65BE7C',
2850         'only_matching': True,
2851     }, {
2852         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course?list=ECUl4u3cNGP61MdtwGTqZA0MreSaDybji8',
2853         'only_matching': True,
2854     }, {
2855         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course',
2856         'only_matching': True,
2857     }, {
2858         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/zsecurity',
2859         'only_matching': True,
2860     }, {
2861         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/NASAgovVideo/videos',
2862         'only_matching': True,
2863     }, {
2864         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
2865         'only_matching': True,
2866     }, {
2867         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/hashtag/cctv9',
2868         'info_dict': {
2869             'id': 'cctv9',
2870             'title': '#cctv9',
2871         },
2872         'playlist_mincount': 350,
2873     }, {
2874         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLW4dVinRY435CBE_JD3t-0SRXKfnZHS1P&feature=youtu.be&v=M9cJMXmQ_ZU',
2875         'only_matching': True,
2876     }, {
2877         # Requires Premium: should request additional YTM-info webpage (and have format 141) for videos in playlist.
2878         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
2879         'only_matching': True
2880     }]
2881
2882     @classmethod
2883     def suitable(cls, url):
2884         return False if YoutubeIE.suitable(url) else super(
2885             YoutubeTabIE, cls).suitable(url)
2886
2887     def _extract_channel_id(self, webpage):
2888         channel_id = self._html_search_meta(
2889             'channelId', webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
2890         if channel_id:
2891             return channel_id
2892         channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
2893             ('og:url', 'al:ios:url', 'al:android:url', 'al:web:url',
2894              'twitter:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad',
2895              'twitter:app:url:googleplay'), webpage, 'channel url')
2896         return self._search_regex(
2897             r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/([^/?#&])+',
2898             channel_url, 'channel id')
2899
2900     @staticmethod
2901     def _extract_basic_item_renderer(item):
2902         # Modified from _extract_grid_item_renderer
2903         known_basic_renderers = (
2904             'playlistRenderer', 'videoRenderer', 'channelRenderer', 'showRenderer'
2905         )
2906         for key, renderer in item.items():
2907             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
2908                 continue
2909             elif key in known_basic_renderers:
2910                 return renderer
2911             elif key.startswith('grid') and key.endswith('Renderer'):
2912                 return renderer
2913
2914     def _grid_entries(self, grid_renderer):
2915         for item in grid_renderer['items']:
2916             if not isinstance(item, dict):
2917                 continue
2918             renderer = self._extract_basic_item_renderer(item)
2919             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
2920                 continue
2921             title = try_get(
2922                 renderer, (lambda x: x['title']['runs'][0]['text'],
2923                            lambda x: x['title']['simpleText']), compat_str)
2924             # playlist
2925             playlist_id = renderer.get('playlistId')
2926             if playlist_id:
2927                 yield self.url_result(
2928                     'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id,
2929                     ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id,
2930                     video_title=title)
2931                 continue
2932             # video
2933             video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
2934             if video_id:
2935                 yield self._extract_video(renderer)
2936                 continue
2937             # channel
2938             channel_id = renderer.get('channelId')
2939             if channel_id:
2940                 title = try_get(
2941                     renderer, lambda x: x['title']['simpleText'], compat_str)
2942                 yield self.url_result(
2943                     'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id,
2944                     ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_title=title)
2945                 continue
2946             # generic endpoint URL support
2947             ep_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', try_get(
2948                 renderer, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
2949                 compat_str))
2950             if ep_url:
2951                 for ie in (YoutubeTabIE, YoutubePlaylistIE, YoutubeIE):
2952                     if ie.suitable(ep_url):
2953                         yield self.url_result(
2954                             ep_url, ie=ie.ie_key(), video_id=ie._match_id(ep_url), video_title=title)
2955                         break
2956
2957     def _shelf_entries_from_content(self, shelf_renderer):
2958         content = shelf_renderer.get('content')
2959         if not isinstance(content, dict):
2960             return
2961         renderer = content.get('gridRenderer') or content.get('expandedShelfContentsRenderer')
2962         if renderer:
2963             # TODO: add support for nested playlists so each shelf is processed
2964             # as separate playlist
2965             # TODO: this includes only first N items
2966             for entry in self._grid_entries(renderer):
2967                 yield entry
2968         renderer = content.get('horizontalListRenderer')
2969         if renderer:
2970             # TODO
2971             pass
2972
2973     def _shelf_entries(self, shelf_renderer, skip_channels=False):
2974         ep = try_get(
2975             shelf_renderer, lambda x: x['endpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
2976             compat_str)
2977         shelf_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', ep)
2978         if shelf_url:
2979             # Skipping links to another channels, note that checking for
2980             # endpoint.commandMetadata.webCommandMetadata.webPageTypwebPageType == WEB_PAGE_TYPE_CHANNEL
2981             # will not work
2982             if skip_channels and '/channels?' in shelf_url:
2983                 return
2984             title = try_get(
2985                 shelf_renderer, lambda x: x['title']['runs'][0]['text'], compat_str)
2986             yield self.url_result(shelf_url, video_title=title)
2987         # Shelf may not contain shelf URL, fallback to extraction from content
2988         for entry in self._shelf_entries_from_content(shelf_renderer):
2989             yield entry
2990
2991     def _playlist_entries(self, video_list_renderer):
2992         for content in video_list_renderer['contents']:
2993             if not isinstance(content, dict):
2994                 continue
2995             renderer = content.get('playlistVideoRenderer') or content.get('playlistPanelVideoRenderer')
2996             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
2997                 continue
2998             video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
2999             if not video_id:
3000                 continue
3001             yield self._extract_video(renderer)
3002
3003     def _rich_entries(self, rich_grid_renderer):
3004         renderer = try_get(
3005             rich_grid_renderer, lambda x: x['content']['videoRenderer'], dict) or {}
3006         video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
3007         if not video_id:
3008             return
3009         yield self._extract_video(renderer)
3010
3011     def _video_entry(self, video_renderer):
3012         video_id = video_renderer.get('videoId')
3013         if video_id:
3014             return self._extract_video(video_renderer)
3015
3016     def _post_thread_entries(self, post_thread_renderer):
3017         post_renderer = try_get(
3018             post_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['post']['backstagePostRenderer'], dict)
3019         if not post_renderer:
3020             return
3021         # video attachment
3022         video_renderer = try_get(
3023             post_renderer, lambda x: x['backstageAttachment']['videoRenderer'], dict) or {}
3024         video_id = video_renderer.get('videoId')
3025         if video_id:
3026             entry = self._extract_video(video_renderer)
3027             if entry:
3028                 yield entry
3029         # playlist attachment
3030         playlist_id = try_get(
3031             post_renderer, lambda x: x['backstageAttachment']['playlistRenderer']['playlistId'], compat_str)
3032         if playlist_id:
3033             yield self.url_result(
3034                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id,
3035                 ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
3036         # inline video links
3037         runs = try_get(post_renderer, lambda x: x['contentText']['runs'], list) or []
3038         for run in runs:
3039             if not isinstance(run, dict):
3040                 continue
3041             ep_url = try_get(
3042                 run, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['urlEndpoint']['url'], compat_str)
3043             if not ep_url:
3044                 continue
3045             if not YoutubeIE.suitable(ep_url):
3046                 continue
3047             ep_video_id = YoutubeIE._match_id(ep_url)
3048             if video_id == ep_video_id:
3049                 continue
3050             yield self.url_result(ep_url, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=ep_video_id)
3051
3052     def _post_thread_continuation_entries(self, post_thread_continuation):
3053         contents = post_thread_continuation.get('contents')
3054         if not isinstance(contents, list):
3055             return
3056         for content in contents:
3057             renderer = content.get('backstagePostThreadRenderer')
3058             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
3059                 continue
3060             for entry in self._post_thread_entries(renderer):
3061                 yield entry
3062
3063     r''' # unused
3064     def _rich_grid_entries(self, contents):
3065         for content in contents:
3066             video_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['richItemRenderer']['content']['videoRenderer'], dict)
3067             if video_renderer:
3068                 entry = self._video_entry(video_renderer)
3069                 if entry:
3070                     yield entry
3071     '''
3072
3073     @staticmethod
3074     def _build_continuation_query(continuation, ctp=None):
3075         query = {
3076             'ctoken': continuation,
3077             'continuation': continuation,
3078         }
3079         if ctp:
3080             query['itct'] = ctp
3081         return query
3082
3083     @staticmethod
3084     def _extract_next_continuation_data(renderer):
3085         next_continuation = try_get(
3086             renderer, lambda x: x['continuations'][0]['nextContinuationData'], dict)
3087         if not next_continuation:
3088             return
3089         continuation = next_continuation.get('continuation')
3090         if not continuation:
3091             return
3092         ctp = next_continuation.get('clickTrackingParams')
3093         return YoutubeTabIE._build_continuation_query(continuation, ctp)
3094
3095     @classmethod
3096     def _extract_continuation(cls, renderer):
3097         next_continuation = cls._extract_next_continuation_data(renderer)
3098         if next_continuation:
3099             return next_continuation
3100         contents = []
3101         for key in ('contents', 'items'):
3102             contents.extend(try_get(renderer, lambda x: x[key], list) or [])
3103         for content in contents:
3104             if not isinstance(content, dict):
3105                 continue
3106             continuation_ep = try_get(
3107                 content, lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['continuationEndpoint'],
3108                 dict)
3109             if not continuation_ep:
3110                 continue
3111             continuation = try_get(
3112                 continuation_ep, lambda x: x['continuationCommand']['token'], compat_str)
3113             if not continuation:
3114                 continue
3115             ctp = continuation_ep.get('clickTrackingParams')
3116             return YoutubeTabIE._build_continuation_query(continuation, ctp)
3117
3118     def _entries(self, tab, item_id, identity_token, account_syncid, ytcfg):
3119
3120         def extract_entries(parent_renderer):  # this needs to called again for continuation to work with feeds
3121             contents = try_get(parent_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
3122             for content in contents:
3123                 if not isinstance(content, dict):
3124                     continue
3125                 is_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer'], dict)
3126                 if not is_renderer:
3127                     renderer = content.get('richItemRenderer')
3128                     if renderer:
3129                         for entry in self._rich_entries(renderer):
3130                             yield entry
3131                         continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
3132                     continue
3133                 isr_contents = try_get(is_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
3134                 for isr_content in isr_contents:
3135                     if not isinstance(isr_content, dict):
3136                         continue
3137
3138                     known_renderers = {
3139                         'playlistVideoListRenderer': self._playlist_entries,
3140                         'gridRenderer': self._grid_entries,
3141                         'shelfRenderer': lambda x: self._shelf_entries(x, tab.get('title') != 'Channels'),
3142                         'backstagePostThreadRenderer': self._post_thread_entries,
3143                         'videoRenderer': lambda x: [self._video_entry(x)],
3144                     }
3145                     for key, renderer in isr_content.items():
3146                         if key not in known_renderers:
3147                             continue
3148                         for entry in known_renderers[key](renderer):
3149                             if entry:
3150                                 yield entry
3151                         continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
3152                         break
3153
3154                 if not continuation_list[0]:
3155                     continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(is_renderer)
3156
3157             if not continuation_list[0]:
3158                 continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
3159
3160         continuation_list = [None]  # Python 2 doesnot support nonlocal
3161         tab_content = try_get(tab, lambda x: x['content'], dict)
3162         if not tab_content:
3163             return
3164         parent_renderer = (
3165             try_get(tab_content, lambda x: x['sectionListRenderer'], dict)
3166             or try_get(tab_content, lambda x: x['richGridRenderer'], dict) or {})
3167         for entry in extract_entries(parent_renderer):
3168             yield entry
3169         continuation = continuation_list[0]
3170         context = self._extract_context(ytcfg)
3171         visitor_data = try_get(context, lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str)
3172
3173         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3174             if not continuation:
3175                 break
3176             query = {
3177                 'continuation': continuation['continuation'],
3178                 'clickTracking': {'clickTrackingParams': continuation['itct']}
3179             }
3180             headers = self._generate_api_headers(ytcfg, identity_token, account_syncid, visitor_data)
3181             response = self._extract_response(
3182                 item_id='%s page %s' % (item_id, page_num),
3183                 query=query, headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg,
3184                 check_get_keys=('continuationContents', 'onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
3185
3186             if not response:
3187                 break
3188             visitor_data = try_get(
3189                 response, lambda x: x['responseContext']['visitorData'], compat_str) or visitor_data
3190
3191             known_continuation_renderers = {
3192                 'playlistVideoListContinuation': self._playlist_entries,
3193                 'gridContinuation': self._grid_entries,
3194                 'itemSectionContinuation': self._post_thread_continuation_entries,
3195                 'sectionListContinuation': extract_entries,  # for feeds
3196             }
3197             continuation_contents = try_get(
3198                 response, lambda x: x['continuationContents'], dict) or {}
3199             continuation_renderer = None
3200             for key, value in continuation_contents.items():
3201                 if key not in known_continuation_renderers:
3202                     continue
3203                 continuation_renderer = value
3204                 continuation_list = [None]
3205                 for entry in known_continuation_renderers[key](continuation_renderer):
3206                     yield entry
3207                 continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
3208                 break
3209             if continuation_renderer:
3210                 continue
3211
3212             known_renderers = {
3213                 'gridPlaylistRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),
3214                 'gridVideoRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),
3215                 'playlistVideoRenderer': (self._playlist_entries, 'contents'),
3216                 'itemSectionRenderer': (extract_entries, 'contents'),  # for feeds
3217                 'richItemRenderer': (extract_entries, 'contents'),  # for hashtag
3218                 'backstagePostThreadRenderer': (self._post_thread_continuation_entries, 'contents')
3219             }
3220             on_response_received = dict_get(response, ('onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
3221             continuation_items = try_get(
3222                 on_response_received, lambda x: x[0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems'], list)
3223             continuation_item = try_get(continuation_items, lambda x: x[0], dict) or {}
3224             video_items_renderer = None
3225             for key, value in continuation_item.items():
3226                 if key not in known_renderers:
3227                     continue
3228                 video_items_renderer = {known_renderers[key][1]: continuation_items}
3229                 continuation_list = [None]
3230                 for entry in known_renderers[key][0](video_items_renderer):
3231                     yield entry
3232                 continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(video_items_renderer)
3233                 break
3234             if video_items_renderer:
3235                 continue
3236             break
3237
3238     @staticmethod
3239     def _extract_selected_tab(tabs):
3240         for tab in tabs:
3241             if try_get(tab, lambda x: x['tabRenderer']['selected'], bool):
3242                 return tab['tabRenderer']
3243         else:
3244             raise ExtractorError('Unable to find selected tab')
3245
3246     @staticmethod
3247     def _extract_uploader(data):
3248         uploader = {}
3249         sidebar_renderer = try_get(
3250             data, lambda x: x['sidebar']['playlistSidebarRenderer']['items'], list)
3251         if sidebar_renderer:
3252             for item in sidebar_renderer:
3253                 if not isinstance(item, dict):
3254                     continue
3255                 renderer = item.get('playlistSidebarSecondaryInfoRenderer')
3256                 if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
3257                     continue
3258                 owner = try_get(
3259                     renderer, lambda x: x['videoOwner']['videoOwnerRenderer']['title']['runs'][0], dict)
3260                 if owner:
3261                     uploader['uploader'] = owner.get('text')
3262                     uploader['uploader_id'] = try_get(
3263                         owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['browseId'], compat_str)
3264                     uploader['uploader_url'] = urljoin(
3265                         'https://www.youtube.com/',
3266                         try_get(owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['canonicalBaseUrl'], compat_str))
3267         return {k: v for k, v in uploader.items() if v is not None}
3268
3269     def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, webpage, data, tabs):
3270         playlist_id = title = description = channel_url = channel_name = channel_id = None
3271         thumbnails_list = tags = []
3272
3273         selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
3274         renderer = try_get(
3275             data, lambda x: x['metadata']['channelMetadataRenderer'], dict)
3276         if renderer:
3277             channel_name = renderer.get('title')
3278             channel_url = renderer.get('channelUrl')
3279             channel_id = renderer.get('externalId')
3280         else:
3281             renderer = try_get(
3282                 data, lambda x: x['metadata']['playlistMetadataRenderer'], dict)
3283
3284         if renderer:
3285             title = renderer.get('title')
3286             description = renderer.get('description', '')
3287             playlist_id = channel_id
3288             tags = renderer.get('keywords', '').split()
3289             thumbnails_list = (
3290                 try_get(renderer, lambda x: x['avatar']['thumbnails'], list)
3291                 or try_get(
3292                     data,
3293                     lambda x: x['sidebar']['playlistSidebarRenderer']['items'][0]['playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer']['thumbnailRenderer']['playlistVideoThumbnailRenderer']['thumbnail']['thumbnails'],
3294                     list)
3295                 or [])
3296
3297         thumbnails = []
3298         for t in thumbnails_list:
3299             if not isinstance(t, dict):
3300                 continue
3301             thumbnail_url = url_or_none(t.get('url'))
3302             if not thumbnail_url:
3303                 continue
3304             thumbnails.append({
3305                 'url': thumbnail_url,
3306                 'width': int_or_none(t.get('width')),
3307                 'height': int_or_none(t.get('height')),
3308             })
3309         if playlist_id is None:
3310             playlist_id = item_id
3311         if title is None:
3312             title = (
3313                 try_get(data, lambda x: x['header']['hashtagHeaderRenderer']['hashtag']['simpleText'])
3314                 or playlist_id)
3315         title += format_field(selected_tab, 'title', ' - %s')
3316
3317         metadata = {
3318             'playlist_id': playlist_id,
3319             'playlist_title': title,
3320             'playlist_description': description,
3321             'uploader': channel_name,
3322             'uploader_id': channel_id,
3323             'uploader_url': channel_url,
3324             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
3325             'tags': tags,
3326         }
3327         if not channel_id:
3328             metadata.update(self._extract_uploader(data))
3329         metadata.update({
3330             'channel': metadata['uploader'],
3331             'channel_id': metadata['uploader_id'],
3332             'channel_url': metadata['uploader_url']})
3333         return self.playlist_result(
3334             self._entries(
3335                 selected_tab, playlist_id,
3336                 self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id),
3337                 self._extract_account_syncid(data),
3338                 self._extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)),
3339             **metadata)
3340
3341     def _extract_mix_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage):
3342         first_id = last_id = None
3343         ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(playlist_id, webpage)
3344         headers = self._generate_api_headers(
3345             ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(data),
3346             identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=playlist_id),
3347             visitor_data=try_get(self._extract_context(ytcfg), lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str))
3348         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3349             videos = list(self._playlist_entries(playlist))
3350             if not videos:
3351                 return
3352             start = next((i for i, v in enumerate(videos) if v['id'] == last_id), -1) + 1
3353             if start >= len(videos):
3354                 return
3355             for video in videos[start:]:
3356                 if video['id'] == first_id:
3357                     self.to_screen('First video %s found again; Assuming end of Mix' % first_id)
3358                     return
3359                 yield video
3360             first_id = first_id or videos[0]['id']
3361             last_id = videos[-1]['id']
3362             watch_endpoint = try_get(
3363                 playlist, lambda x: x['contents'][-1]['playlistPanelVideoRenderer']['navigationEndpoint']['watchEndpoint'])
3364             query = {
3365                 'playlistId': playlist_id,
3366                 'videoId': watch_endpoint.get('videoId') or last_id,
3367                 'index': watch_endpoint.get('index') or len(videos),
3368                 'params': watch_endpoint.get('params') or 'OAE%3D'
3369             }
3370             response = self._extract_response(
3371                 item_id='%s page %d' % (playlist_id, page_num),
3372                 query=query,
3373                 ep='next',
3374                 headers=headers,
3375                 check_get_keys='contents'
3376             )
3377             playlist = try_get(
3378                 response, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
3379
3380     def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage):
3381         title = playlist.get('title') or try_get(
3382             data, lambda x: x['titleText']['simpleText'], compat_str)
3383         playlist_id = playlist.get('playlistId') or item_id
3384
3385         # Delegating everything except mix playlists to regular tab-based playlist URL
3386         playlist_url = urljoin(url, try_get(
3387             playlist, lambda x: x['endpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
3388             compat_str))
3389         if playlist_url and playlist_url != url:
3390             return self.url_result(
3391                 playlist_url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id,
3392                 video_title=title)
3393
3394         return self.playlist_result(
3395             self._extract_mix_playlist(playlist, playlist_id, data, webpage),
3396             playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title)
3397
3398     def _extract_alerts(self, data, expected=False):
3399
3400         def _real_extract_alerts():
3401             for alert_dict in try_get(data, lambda x: x['alerts'], list) or []:
3402                 if not isinstance(alert_dict, dict):
3403                     continue
3404                 for alert in alert_dict.values():
3405                     alert_type = alert.get('type')
3406                     if not alert_type:
3407                         continue
3408                     message = try_get(alert, lambda x: x['text']['simpleText'], compat_str) or ''
3409                     if message:
3410                         yield alert_type, message
3411                     for run in try_get(alert, lambda x: x['text']['runs'], list) or []:
3412                         message += try_get(run, lambda x: x['text'], compat_str)
3413                     if message:
3414                         yield alert_type, message
3415
3416         errors = []
3417         warnings = []
3418         for alert_type, alert_message in _real_extract_alerts():
3419             if alert_type.lower() == 'error':
3420                 errors.append([alert_type, alert_message])
3421             else:
3422                 warnings.append([alert_type, alert_message])
3423
3424         for alert_type, alert_message in (warnings + errors[:-1]):
3425             self.report_warning('YouTube said: %s - %s' % (alert_type, alert_message))
3426         if errors:
3427             raise ExtractorError('YouTube said: %s' % errors[-1][1], expected=expected)
3428
3429     def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, webpage):
3430         """
3431         Get playlist with unavailable videos if the 'show unavailable videos' button exists.
3432         """
3433         sidebar_renderer = try_get(
3434             data, lambda x: x['sidebar']['playlistSidebarRenderer']['items'], list)
3435         if not sidebar_renderer:
3436             return
3437         browse_id = params = None
3438         for item in sidebar_renderer:
3439             if not isinstance(item, dict):
3440                 continue
3441             renderer = item.get('playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer')
3442             menu_renderer = try_get(
3443                 renderer, lambda x: x['menu']['menuRenderer']['items'], list) or []
3444             for menu_item in menu_renderer:
3445                 if not isinstance(menu_item, dict):
3446                     continue
3447                 nav_item_renderer = menu_item.get('menuNavigationItemRenderer')
3448                 text = try_get(
3449                     nav_item_renderer, lambda x: x['text']['simpleText'], compat_str)
3450                 if not text or text.lower() != 'show unavailable videos':
3451                     continue
3452                 browse_endpoint = try_get(
3453                     nav_item_renderer, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint'], dict) or {}
3454                 browse_id = browse_endpoint.get('browseId')
3455                 params = browse_endpoint.get('params')
3456                 break
3457
3458             ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
3459             headers = self._generate_api_headers(
3460                 ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg),
3461                 identity_token=self._extract_identity_token(webpage, item_id=item_id),
3462                 visitor_data=try_get(
3463                     self._extract_context(ytcfg), lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str))
3464             query = {
3465                 'params': params or 'wgYCCAA=',
3466                 'browseId': browse_id or 'VL%s' % item_id
3467             }
3468             return self._extract_response(
3469                 item_id=item_id, headers=headers, query=query,
3470                 check_get_keys='contents', fatal=False,
3471                 note='Downloading API JSON with unavailable videos')
3472
3473     def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers=None,
3474                           ytcfg=None, check_get_keys=None, ep='browse', fatal=True):
3475         response = None
3476         last_error = None
3477         count = -1
3478         retries = self._downloader.params.get('extractor_retries', 3)
3479         if check_get_keys is None:
3480             check_get_keys = []
3481         while count < retries:
3482             count += 1
3483             if last_error:
3484                 self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
3485             try:
3486                 response = self._call_api(
3487                     ep=ep, fatal=True, headers=headers,
3488                     video_id=item_id, query=query,
3489                     context=self._extract_context(ytcfg),
3490                     api_key=self._extract_api_key(ytcfg),
3491                     note='%s%s' % (note, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
3492             except ExtractorError as e:
3493                 if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503, 404):
3494                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
3495                     # Sometimes a 404 is also recieved. See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28289
3496                     last_error = 'HTTP Error %s' % e.cause.code
3497                     if count < retries:
3498                         continue
3499                 if fatal:
3500                     raise
3501                 else:
3502                     self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
3503                     return
3504
3505             else:
3506                 # Youtube may send alerts if there was an issue with the continuation page
3507                 self._extract_alerts(response, expected=False)
3508                 if not check_get_keys or dict_get(response, check_get_keys):
3509                     break
3510                 # Youtube sometimes sends incomplete data
3511                 # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28194
3512                 last_error = 'Incomplete data received'
3513                 if count >= retries:
3514                     if fatal:
3515                         raise ExtractorError(last_error)
3516                     else:
3517                         self.report_warning(last_error)
3518                         return
3519         return response
3520
3521     def _extract_webpage(self, url, item_id):
3522         retries = self._downloader.params.get('extractor_retries', 3)
3523         count = -1
3524         last_error = 'Incomplete yt initial data recieved'
3525         while count < retries:
3526             count += 1
3527             # Sometimes youtube returns a webpage with incomplete ytInitialData
3528             # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/116
3529             if count:
3530                 self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
3531             webpage = self._download_webpage(
3532                 url, item_id,
3533                 'Downloading webpage%s' % (' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
3534             data = self._extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage)
3535             self._extract_alerts(data, expected=True)
3536             if data.get('contents') or data.get('currentVideoEndpoint'):
3537                 break
3538             if count >= retries:
3539                 raise ExtractorError(last_error)
3540         return webpage, data
3541
3542     @staticmethod
3543     def _smuggle_data(entries, data):
3544         for entry in entries:
3545             if data:
3546                 entry['url'] = smuggle_url(entry['url'], data)
3547             yield entry
3548
3549     def _real_extract(self, url):
3550         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
3551         if self.is_music_url(url):
3552             smuggled_data['is_music_url'] = True
3553         info_dict = self.__real_extract(url)
3554         if info_dict.get('entries'):
3555             info_dict['entries'] = self._smuggle_data(info_dict['entries'], smuggled_data)
3556         return info_dict
3557
3558     def __real_extract(self, url):
3559         item_id = self._match_id(url)
3560         url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
3561             compat_urlparse.urlparse(url)._replace(netloc='www.youtube.com'))
3562         compat_opts = self._downloader.params.get('compat_opts', [])
3563
3564         # This is not matched in a channel page with a tab selected
3565         mobj = re.match(r'(?P<pre>%s)(?P<post>/?(?![^#?]).*$)' % self._VALID_URL, url)
3566         mobj = mobj.groupdict() if mobj else {}
3567         if mobj and not mobj.get('not_channel') and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
3568             self.report_warning(
3569                 'A channel/user page was given. All the channel\'s videos will be downloaded. '
3570                 'To download only the videos in the home page, add a "/featured" to the URL')
3571             url = '%s/videos%s' % (mobj.get('pre'), mobj.get('post') or '')
3572
3573         # Handle both video/playlist URLs
3574         qs = parse_qs(url)
3575         video_id = qs.get('v', [None])[0]
3576         playlist_id = qs.get('list', [None])[0]
3577
3578         if not video_id and (mobj.get('not_channel') or '').startswith('watch'):
3579             if not playlist_id:
3580                 # If there is neither video or playlist ids,
3581                 # youtube redirects to home page, which is undesirable
3582                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
3583             self.report_warning('A video URL was given without video ID. Trying to download playlist %s' % playlist_id)
3584             url = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id
3585
3586         if video_id and playlist_id:
3587             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
3588                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
3589                 return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
3590             self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s; add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
3591
3592         webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id)
3593
3594         # YouTube sometimes provides a button to reload playlist with unavailable videos.
3595         if 'no-youtube-unavailable-videos' not in compat_opts:
3596             data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, webpage) or data
3597
3598         tabs = try_get(
3599             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer']['tabs'], list)
3600         if tabs:
3601             return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, webpage, data, tabs)
3602
3603         playlist = try_get(
3604             data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
3605         if playlist:
3606             return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist, webpage)
3607
3608         video_id = try_get(
3609             data, lambda x: x['currentVideoEndpoint']['watchEndpoint']['videoId'],
3610             compat_str) or video_id
3611         if video_id:
3612             self.report_warning('Unable to recognize playlist. Downloading just video %s' % video_id)
3613             return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
3614
3615         raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
3616
3617
3618 class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
3619     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
3620     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(?:
3621                         (?:https?://)?
3622                         (?:\w+\.)?
3623                         (?:
3624                             (?:
3625                                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
3626                                 invidio\.us
3627                             )
3628                             /.*?\?.*?\blist=
3629                         )?
3630                         (?P<id>%(playlist_id)s)
3631                      )''' % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
3632     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
3633     _TESTS = [{
3634         'note': 'issue #673',
3635         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
3636         'info_dict': {
3637             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
3638             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
3639             'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
3640             'uploader_id': 'UCKSpbfbl5kRQpTdL7kMc-1Q',
3641         },
3642         'playlist_mincount': 29,
3643     }, {
3644         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
3645         'info_dict': {
3646             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
3647             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
3648         },
3649         'playlist_count': 2,
3650         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
3651     }, {
3652         'note': 'embedded',
3653         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
3654         'playlist_count': 4,
3655         'info_dict': {
3656             'title': 'JODA15',
3657             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
3658             'uploader': 'milan',
3659             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
3660         }
3661     }, {
3662         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
3663         'playlist_mincount': 982,
3664         'info_dict': {
3665             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
3666             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
3667             'uploader': 'LBK',
3668             'uploader_id': 'UC21nz3_MesPLqtDqwdvnoxA',
3669         }
3670     }, {
3671         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
3672         'only_matching': True,
3673     }, {
3674         # music album playlist
3675         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
3676         'only_matching': True,
3677     }]
3678
3679     @classmethod
3680     def suitable(cls, url):
3681         if YoutubeTabIE.suitable(url):
3682             return False
3683         # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
3684         # (see #28780)
3685         from .youtube import parse_qs
3686         qs = parse_qs(url)
3687         if qs.get('v', [None])[0]:
3688             return False
3689         return super(YoutubePlaylistIE, cls).suitable(url)
3690
3691     def _real_extract(self, url):
3692         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
3693         is_music_url = self.is_music_url(url)
3694         url = update_url_query(
3695             'https://www.youtube.com/playlist',
3696             parse_qs(url) or {'list': playlist_id})
3697         if is_music_url:
3698             url = smuggle_url(url, {'is_music_url': True})
3699         return self.url_result(url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
3700
3701
3702 class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
3703     IE_DESC = 'youtu.be'
3704     _VALID_URL = r'https?://youtu\.be/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})/*?.*?\blist=(?P<playlist_id>%(playlist_id)s)' % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
3705     _TESTS = [{
3706         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
3707         'info_dict': {
3708             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
3709             'ext': 'mp4',
3710             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
3711             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
3712             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
3713             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
3714             'upload_date': '20161008',
3715             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
3716             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
3717             'tags': list,
3718             'like_count': int,
3719             'dislike_count': int,
3720         },
3721         'params': {
3722             'noplaylist': True,
3723             'skip_download': True,
3724         },
3725     }, {
3726         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
3727         'only_matching': True,
3728     }]
3729
3730     def _real_extract(self, url):
3731         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
3732         video_id = mobj.group('id')
3733         playlist_id = mobj.group('playlist_id')
3734         return self.url_result(
3735             update_url_query('https://www.youtube.com/watch', {
3736                 'v': video_id,
3737                 'list': playlist_id,
3738                 'feature': 'youtu.be',
3739             }), ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
3740
3741
3742 class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
3743     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com user videos, URL or "ytuser" keyword'
3744     _VALID_URL = r'ytuser:(?P<id>.+)'
3745     _TESTS = [{
3746         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
3747         'only_matching': True,
3748     }]
3749
3750     def _real_extract(self, url):
3751         user_id = self._match_id(url)
3752         return self.url_result(
3753             'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s' % user_id,
3754             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=user_id)
3755
3756
3757 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3758     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
3759     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com liked videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
3760     _VALID_URL = r':ytfav(?:ou?rite)?s?'
3761     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3762     _TESTS = [{
3763         'url': ':ytfav',
3764         'only_matching': True,
3765     }, {
3766         'url': ':ytfavorites',
3767         'only_matching': True,
3768     }]
3769
3770     def _real_extract(self, url):
3771         return self.url_result(
3772             'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=LL',
3773             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
3774
3775
3776 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeTabIE):
3777     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, "ytsearch" keyword'
3778     # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
3779     # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
3780     _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
3781     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
3782     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
3783     _SEARCH_PARAMS = None
3784     _TESTS = []
3785
3786     def _entries(self, query, n):
3787         data = {'query': query}
3788         if self._SEARCH_PARAMS:
3789             data['params'] = self._SEARCH_PARAMS
3790         total = 0
3791         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
3792             search = self._extract_response(
3793                 item_id='query "%s" page %s' % (query, page_num), ep='search', query=data,
3794                 check_get_keys=('contents', 'onResponseReceivedCommands')
3795             )
3796             if not search:
3797                 break
3798             slr_contents = try_get(
3799                 search,
3800                 (lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer']['primaryContents']['sectionListRenderer']['contents'],
3801                  lambda x: x['onResponseReceivedCommands'][0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems']),
3802                 list)
3803             if not slr_contents:
3804                 break
3805
3806             # Youtube sometimes adds promoted content to searches,
3807             # changing the index location of videos and token.
3808             # So we search through all entries till we find them.
3809             continuation_token = None
3810             for slr_content in slr_contents:
3811                 if continuation_token is None:
3812                     continuation_token = try_get(
3813                         slr_content,
3814                         lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['continuationEndpoint']['continuationCommand']['token'],
3815                         compat_str)
3816
3817                 isr_contents = try_get(
3818                     slr_content,
3819                     lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer']['contents'],
3820                     list)
3821                 if not isr_contents:
3822                     continue
3823                 for content in isr_contents:
3824                     if not isinstance(content, dict):
3825                         continue
3826                     video = content.get('videoRenderer')
3827                     if not isinstance(video, dict):
3828                         continue
3829                     video_id = video.get('videoId')
3830                     if not video_id:
3831                         continue
3832
3833                     yield self._extract_video(video)
3834                     total += 1
3835                     if total == n:
3836                         return
3837
3838             if not continuation_token:
3839                 break
3840             data['continuation'] = continuation_token
3841
3842     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
3843         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
3844         return self.playlist_result(self._entries(query, n), query)
3845
3846
3847 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3848     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
3849     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
3850     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first, "ytsearchdate" keyword'
3851     _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'CAI%3D'
3852
3853
3854 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
3855     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
3856     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + '_url'
3857     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?:[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
3858     # _MAX_RESULTS = 100
3859     _TESTS = [{
3860         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
3861         'playlist_mincount': 5,
3862         'info_dict': {
3863             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
3864         }
3865     }, {
3866         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
3867         'only_matching': True,
3868     }]
3869
3870     @classmethod
3871     def _make_valid_url(cls):
3872         return cls._VALID_URL
3873
3874     def _real_extract(self, url):
3875         qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
3876         query = (qs.get('search_query') or qs.get('q'))[0]
3877         self._SEARCH_PARAMS = qs.get('sp', ('',))[0]
3878         return self._get_n_results(query, self._MAX_RESULTS)
3879
3880
3881 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeTabIE):
3882     """
3883     Base class for feed extractors
3884     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME property.
3885     """
3886     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
3887     _TESTS = []
3888
3889     @property
3890     def IE_NAME(self):
3891         return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
3892
3893     def _real_initialize(self):
3894         self._login()
3895
3896     def _real_extract(self, url):
3897         return self.url_result(
3898             'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
3899             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
3900
3901
3902 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(InfoExtractor):
3903     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
3904     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
3905     _VALID_URL = r':ytwatchlater'
3906     _TESTS = [{
3907         'url': ':ytwatchlater',
3908         'only_matching': True,
3909     }]
3910
3911     def _real_extract(self, url):
3912         return self.url_result(
3913             'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL', ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
3914
3915
3916 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3917     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
3918     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/?(?:[?#]|$)|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
3919     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
3920     _TESTS = [{
3921         'url': ':ytrec',
3922         'only_matching': True,
3923     }, {
3924         'url': ':ytrecommended',
3925         'only_matching': True,
3926     }, {
3927         'url': 'https://youtube.com',
3928         'only_matching': True,
3929     }]
3930
3931
3932 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3933     IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, ":ytsubs" for short (requires authentication)'
3934     _VALID_URL = r':ytsub(?:scription)?s?'
3935     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
3936     _TESTS = [{
3937         'url': ':ytsubs',
3938         'only_matching': True,
3939     }, {
3940         'url': ':ytsubscriptions',
3941         'only_matching': True,
3942     }]
3943
3944
3945 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
3946     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythis" for short (requires authentication)'
3947     _VALID_URL = r':ythis(?:tory)?'
3948     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
3949     _TESTS = [{
3950         'url': ':ythistory',
3951         'only_matching': True,
3952     }]
3953
3954
3955 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
3956     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
3957     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
3958     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
3959         (?:https?://)?
3960         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
3961         (?:watch\?(?:
3962             feature=[a-z_]+|
3963             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
3964             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
3965             hl=[^&]*|
3966             t=[0-9]+
3967         )?
3968         |
3969             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
3970         )
3971         $
3972     '''
3973
3974     _TESTS = [{
3975         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
3976         'only_matching': True,
3977     }, {
3978         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
3979         'only_matching': True,
3980     }, {
3981         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
3982         'only_matching': True,
3983     }, {
3984         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
3985         'only_matching': True,
3986     }, {
3987         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
3988         'only_matching': True,
3989     }, {
3990         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
3991         'only_matching': True,
3992     }]
3993
3994     def _real_extract(self, url):
3995         raise ExtractorError(
3996             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
3997             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
3998             'like  youtube-dl '
3999             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
4000             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
4001             expected=True)
4002
4003
4004 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
4005     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
4006     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
4007     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
4008
4009     _TESTS = [{
4010         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
4011         'only_matching': True,
4012     }]
4013
4014     def _real_extract(self, url):
4015         video_id = self._match_id(url)
4016         raise ExtractorError(
4017             'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
4018             expected=True)