yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py

   1 import base64
   2 import calendar
   3 import copy
   4 import datetime
   5 import hashlib
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import math
   9 import os.path
  10 import random
  11 import re
  12 import sys
  13 import threading
  14 import time
  15 import traceback
  16 import urllib.error
  17 import urllib.parse
  18
  19 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  20 from ..compat import functools
  21 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  22 from ..utils import (
  23     NO_DEFAULT,
  24     ExtractorError,
  25     UserNotLive,
  26     bug_reports_message,
  27     classproperty,
  28     clean_html,
  29     datetime_from_str,
  30     dict_get,
  31     error_to_compat_str,
  32     float_or_none,
  33     format_field,
  34     get_first,
  35     int_or_none,
  36     is_html,
  37     join_nonempty,
  38     js_to_json,
  39     mimetype2ext,
  40     network_exceptions,
  41     orderedSet,
  42     parse_codecs,
  43     parse_count,
  44     parse_duration,
  45     parse_iso8601,
  46     parse_qs,
  47     qualities,
  48     remove_end,
  49     remove_start,
  50     smuggle_url,
  51     str_or_none,
  52     str_to_int,
  53     strftime_or_none,
  54     traverse_obj,
  55     try_get,
  56     unescapeHTML,
  57     unified_strdate,
  58     unified_timestamp,
  59     unsmuggle_url,
  60     update_url_query,
  61     url_or_none,
  62     urljoin,
  63     variadic,
  64 )
  65
  66 # any clients starting with _ cannot be explicitly requested by the user
  67 INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
  68     'web': {
  69         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
  70         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
  71             'client': {
  72                 'clientName': 'WEB',
  73                 'clientVersion': '2.20211221.00.00',
  74             }
  75         },
  76         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1
  77     },
  78     'web_embedded': {
  79         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
  80         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
  81             'client': {
  82                 'clientName': 'WEB_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
  83                 'clientVersion': '1.20211215.00.01',
  84             },
  85         },
  86         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 56
  87     },
  88     'web_music': {
  89         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyC9XL3ZjWddXya6X74dJoCTL-WEYFDNX30',
  90         'INNERTUBE_HOST': 'music.youtube.com',
  91         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
  92             'client': {
  93                 'clientName': 'WEB_REMIX',
  94                 'clientVersion': '1.20211213.00.00',
  95             }
  96         },
  97         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 67,
  98     },
  99     'web_creator': {
 100         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyBUPetSUmoZL-OhlxA7wSac5XinrygCqMo',
 101         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 102             'client': {
 103                 'clientName': 'WEB_CREATOR',
 104                 'clientVersion': '1.20211220.02.00',
 105             }
 106         },
 107         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 62,
 108     },
 109     'android': {
 110         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyA8eiZmM1FaDVjRy-df2KTyQ_vz_yYM39w',
 111         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 112             'client': {
 113                 'clientName': 'ANDROID',
 114                 'clientVersion': '16.49',
 115             }
 116         },
 117         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3,
 118         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 119     },
 120     'android_embedded': {
 121         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyCjc_pVEDi4qsv5MtC2dMXzpIaDoRFLsxw',
 122         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 123             'client': {
 124                 'clientName': 'ANDROID_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
 125                 'clientVersion': '16.49',
 126             },
 127         },
 128         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 55,
 129         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 130     },
 131     'android_music': {
 132         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAOghZGza2MQSZkY_zfZ370N-PUdXEo8AI',
 133         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 134             'client': {
 135                 'clientName': 'ANDROID_MUSIC',
 136                 'clientVersion': '4.57',
 137             }
 138         },
 139         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 21,
 140         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 141     },
 142     'android_creator': {
 143         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyD_qjV8zaaUMehtLkrKFgVeSX_Iqbtyws8',
 144         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 145             'client': {
 146                 'clientName': 'ANDROID_CREATOR',
 147                 'clientVersion': '21.47',
 148             },
 149         },
 150         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 14,
 151         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 152     },
 153     # iOS clients have HLS live streams. Setting device model to get 60fps formats.
 154     # See: https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipeExtractor/issues/680#issuecomment-1002724558
 155     'ios': {
 156         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyB-63vPrdThhKuerbB2N_l7Kwwcxj6yUAc',
 157         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 158             'client': {
 159                 'clientName': 'IOS',
 160                 'clientVersion': '16.46',
 161                 'deviceModel': 'iPhone14,3',
 162             }
 163         },
 164         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 5,
 165         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 166     },
 167     'ios_embedded': {
 168         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 169             'client': {
 170                 'clientName': 'IOS_MESSAGES_EXTENSION',
 171                 'clientVersion': '16.46',
 172                 'deviceModel': 'iPhone14,3',
 173             },
 174         },
 175         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 66,
 176         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 177     },
 178     'ios_music': {
 179         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyBAETezhkwP0ZWA02RsqT1zu78Fpt0bC_s',
 180         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 181             'client': {
 182                 'clientName': 'IOS_MUSIC',
 183                 'clientVersion': '4.57',
 184             },
 185         },
 186         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 26,
 187         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 188     },
 189     'ios_creator': {
 190         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 191             'client': {
 192                 'clientName': 'IOS_CREATOR',
 193                 'clientVersion': '21.47',
 194             },
 195         },
 196         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 15,
 197         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False
 198     },
 199     # mweb has 'ultralow' formats
 200     # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/557
 201     'mweb': {
 202         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
 203         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 204             'client': {
 205                 'clientName': 'MWEB',
 206                 'clientVersion': '2.20211221.01.00',
 207             }
 208         },
 209         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 2
 210     },
 211     # This client can access age restricted videos (unless the uploader has disabled the 'allow embedding' option)
 212     # See: https://github.com/zerodytrash/YouTube-Internal-Clients
 213     'tv_embedded': {
 214         'INNERTUBE_API_KEY': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
 215         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
 216             'client': {
 217                 'clientName': 'TVHTML5_SIMPLY_EMBEDDED_PLAYER',
 218                 'clientVersion': '2.0',
 219             },
 220         },
 221         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 85
 222     },
 223 }
 224
 225
 226 def _split_innertube_client(client_name):
 227     variant, *base = client_name.rsplit('.', 1)
 228     if base:
 229         return variant, base[0], variant
 230     base, *variant = client_name.split('_', 1)
 231     return client_name, base, variant[0] if variant else None
 232
 233
 234 def build_innertube_clients():
 235     THIRD_PARTY = {
 236         'embedUrl': 'https://www.youtube.com/',  # Can be any valid URL
 237     }
 238     BASE_CLIENTS = ('android', 'web', 'tv', 'ios', 'mweb')
 239     priority = qualities(BASE_CLIENTS[::-1])
 240
 241     for client, ytcfg in tuple(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS.items()):
 242         ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_API_KEY', 'AIzaSyDCU8hByM-4DrUqRUYnGn-3llEO78bcxq8')
 243         ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_HOST', 'www.youtube.com')
 244         ytcfg.setdefault('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER', True)
 245         ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client'].setdefault('hl', 'en')
 246
 247         _, base_client, variant = _split_innertube_client(client)
 248         ytcfg['priority'] = 10 * priority(base_client)
 249
 250         if not variant:
 251             INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[f'{client}_embedscreen'] = embedscreen = copy.deepcopy(ytcfg)
 252             embedscreen['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientScreen'] = 'EMBED'
 253             embedscreen['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['thirdParty'] = THIRD_PARTY
 254             embedscreen['priority'] -= 3
 255         elif variant == 'embedded':
 256             ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['thirdParty'] = THIRD_PARTY
 257             ytcfg['priority'] -= 2
 258         else:
 259             ytcfg['priority'] -= 3
 260
 261
 262 build_innertube_clients()
 263
 264
 265 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 266     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
 267
 268     _RESERVED_NAMES = (
 269         r'channel|c|user|playlist|watch|w|v|embed|e|watch_popup|clip|'
 270         r'shorts|movies|results|search|shared|hashtag|trending|explore|feed|feeds|'
 271         r'browse|oembed|get_video_info|iframe_api|s/player|'
 272         r'storefront|oops|index|account|reporthistory|t/terms|about|upload|signin|logout')
 273
 274     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM|WL|LL|LM)'
 275
 276     # _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
 277
 278     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
 279     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
 280
 281     _INVIDIOUS_SITES = (
 282         # invidious-redirect websites
 283         r'(?:www\.)?redirect\.invidious\.io',
 284         r'(?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us',
 285         # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/iv-org/documentation/blob/master/docs/instances.md
 286         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.pussthecat\.org',
 287         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zee\.li',
 288         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ethibox\.fr',
 289         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.3o7z6yfxhbw7n3za4rss6l434kmv55cgw2vuziwuigpwegswvwzqipyd\.onion',
 290         r'(?:www\.)?osbivz6guyeahrwp2lnwyjk2xos342h4ocsxyqrlaopqjuhwn2djiiyd\.onion',
 291         r'(?:www\.)?u2cvlit75owumwpy4dj2hsmvkq7nvrclkpht7xgyye2pyoxhpmclkrad\.onion',
 292         # youtube-dl invidious instances list
 293         r'(?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh',
 294         r'(?:(?:www|fi)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org',
 295         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk',
 296         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host',
 297         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zapashcanon\.fr',
 298         r'(?:www\.)?(?:invidious(?:-us)?|piped)\.kavin\.rocks',
 299         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tinfoil-hat\.net',
 300         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.himiko\.cloud',
 301         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.reallyancient\.tech',
 302         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tube',
 303         r'(?:www\.)?invidiou\.site',
 304         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.site',
 305         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.xyz',
 306         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz',
 307         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.048596\.xyz',
 308         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr',
 309         r'(?:www\.)?inv\.skyn3t\.in',
 310         r'(?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co',
 311         r'(?:www\.)?tube\.connect\.cafe',
 312         r'(?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx',
 313         r'(?:www\.)?vid\.mint\.lgbt',
 314         r'(?:www\.)?vid\.puffyan\.us',
 315         r'(?:www\.)?yewtu\.be',
 316         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org',
 317         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi',
 318         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ggc-project\.de',
 319         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.maisputain\.ovh',
 320         r'(?:www\.)?ytprivate\.com',
 321         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de',
 322         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.toot\.koeln',
 323         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.fdn\.fr',
 324         r'(?:www\.)?watch\.nettohikari\.com',
 325         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.namazso\.eu',
 326         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.silkky\.cloud',
 327         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.exonip\.de',
 328         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.riverside\.rocks',
 329         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.blamefran\.net',
 330         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.moomoo\.de',
 331         r'(?:www\.)?ytb\.trom\.tf',
 332         r'(?:www\.)?yt\.cyberhost\.uk',
 333         r'(?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion',
 334         r'(?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion',
 335         r'(?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion',
 336         r'(?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion',
 337         r'(?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion',
 338         r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion',
 339         r'(?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p',
 340         r'(?:www\.)?4l2dgddgsrkf2ous66i6seeyi6etzfgrue332grh2n7madpwopotugyd\.onion',
 341         r'(?:www\.)?w6ijuptxiku4xpnnaetxvnkc5vqcdu7mgns2u77qefoixi63vbvnpnqd\.onion',
 342         r'(?:www\.)?kbjggqkzv65ivcqj6bumvp337z6264huv5kpkwuv6gu5yjiskvan7fad\.onion',
 343         r'(?:www\.)?grwp24hodrefzvjjuccrkw3mjq4tzhaaq32amf33dzpmuxe7ilepcmad\.onion',
 344         r'(?:www\.)?hpniueoejy4opn7bc4ftgazyqjoeqwlvh2uiku2xqku6zpoa4bf5ruid\.onion',
 345         # piped instances from https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped/wiki/Instances
 346         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.kavin\.rocks',
 347         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.silkky\.cloud',
 348         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.tokhmi\.xyz',
 349         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.moomoo\.me',
 350         r'(?:www\.)?il\.ax',
 351         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.syncpundit\.com',
 352         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.mha\.fi',
 353         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.mint\.lgbt',
 354         r'(?:www\.)?piped\.privacy\.com\.de',
 355     )
 356
 357     def _initialize_consent(self):
 358         cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
 359         if cookies.get('__Secure-3PSID'):
 360             return
 361         consent_id = None
 362         consent = cookies.get('CONSENT')
 363         if consent:
 364             if 'YES' in consent.value:
 365                 return
 366             consent_id = self._search_regex(
 367                 r'PENDING\+(\d+)', consent.value, 'consent', default=None)
 368         if not consent_id:
 369             consent_id = random.randint(100, 999)
 370         self._set_cookie('.youtube.com', 'CONSENT', 'YES+cb.20210328-17-p0.en+FX+%s' % consent_id)
 371
 372     def _initialize_pref(self):
 373         cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
 374         pref_cookie = cookies.get('PREF')
 375         pref = {}
 376         if pref_cookie:
 377             try:
 378                 pref = dict(urllib.parse.parse_qsl(pref_cookie.value))
 379             except ValueError:
 380                 self.report_warning('Failed to parse user PREF cookie' + bug_reports_message())
 381         pref.update({'hl': 'en', 'tz': 'UTC'})
 382         self._set_cookie('.youtube.com', name='PREF', value=urllib.parse.urlencode(pref))
 383
 384     def _real_initialize(self):
 385         self._initialize_pref()
 386         self._initialize_consent()
 387         self._check_login_required()
 388
 389     def _check_login_required(self):
 390         if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and not self._cookies_passed:
 391             self.raise_login_required('Login details are needed to download this content', method='cookies')
 392
 393     _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*='
 394     _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*='
 395
 396     def _get_default_ytcfg(self, client='web'):
 397         return copy.deepcopy(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client])
 398
 399     def _get_innertube_host(self, client='web'):
 400         return INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client]['INNERTUBE_HOST']
 401
 402     def _ytcfg_get_safe(self, ytcfg, getter, expected_type=None, default_client='web'):
 403         # try_get but with fallback to default ytcfg client values when present
 404         _func = lambda y: try_get(y, getter, expected_type)
 405         return _func(ytcfg) or _func(self._get_default_ytcfg(default_client))
 406
 407     def _extract_client_name(self, ytcfg, default_client='web'):
 408         return self._ytcfg_get_safe(
 409             ytcfg, (lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_NAME'],
 410                     lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientName']), str, default_client)
 411
 412     def _extract_client_version(self, ytcfg, default_client='web'):
 413         return self._ytcfg_get_safe(
 414             ytcfg, (lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION'],
 415                     lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['clientVersion']), str, default_client)
 416
 417     def _select_api_hostname(self, req_api_hostname, default_client=None):
 418         return (self._configuration_arg('innertube_host', [''], ie_key=YoutubeIE.ie_key())[0]
 419                 or req_api_hostname or self._get_innertube_host(default_client or 'web'))
 420
 421     def _extract_api_key(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='web'):
 422         return self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_API_KEY'], str, default_client)
 423
 424     def _extract_context(self, ytcfg=None, default_client='web'):
 425         context = get_first(
 426             (ytcfg, self._get_default_ytcfg(default_client)), 'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', expected_type=dict)
 427         # Enforce language and tz for extraction
 428         client_context = traverse_obj(context, 'client', expected_type=dict, default={})
 429         client_context.update({'hl': 'en', 'timeZone': 'UTC', 'utcOffsetMinutes': 0})
 430         return context
 431
 432     _SAPISID = None
 433
 434     def _generate_sapisidhash_header(self, origin='https://www.youtube.com'):
 435         time_now = round(time.time())
 436         if self._SAPISID is None:
 437             yt_cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com')
 438             # Sometimes SAPISID cookie isn't present but __Secure-3PAPISID is.
 439             # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/393
 440             sapisid_cookie = dict_get(
 441                 yt_cookies, ('__Secure-3PAPISID', 'SAPISID'))
 442             if sapisid_cookie and sapisid_cookie.value:
 443                 self._SAPISID = sapisid_cookie.value
 444                 self.write_debug('Extracted SAPISID cookie')
 445                 # SAPISID cookie is required if not already present
 446                 if not yt_cookies.get('SAPISID'):
 447                     self.write_debug('Copying __Secure-3PAPISID cookie to SAPISID cookie')
 448                     self._set_cookie(
 449                         '.youtube.com', 'SAPISID', self._SAPISID, secure=True, expire_time=time_now + 3600)
 450             else:
 451                 self._SAPISID = False
 452         if not self._SAPISID:
 453             return None
 454         # SAPISIDHASH algorithm from https://stackoverflow.com/a/32065323
 455         sapisidhash = hashlib.sha1(
 456             f'{time_now} {self._SAPISID} {origin}'.encode()).hexdigest()
 457         return f'SAPISIDHASH {time_now}_{sapisidhash}'
 458
 459     def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True, headers=None,
 460                   note='Downloading API JSON', errnote='Unable to download API page',
 461                   context=None, api_key=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web'):
 462
 463         data = {'context': context} if context else {'context': self._extract_context(default_client=default_client)}
 464         data.update(query)
 465         real_headers = self.generate_api_headers(default_client=default_client)
 466         real_headers.update({'content-type': 'application/json'})
 467         if headers:
 468             real_headers.update(headers)
 469         api_key = (self._configuration_arg('innertube_key', [''], ie_key=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), casesense=True)[0]
 470                    or api_key or self._extract_api_key(default_client=default_client))
 471         return self._download_json(
 472             f'https://{self._select_api_hostname(api_hostname, default_client)}/youtubei/v1/{ep}',
 473             video_id=video_id, fatal=fatal, note=note, errnote=errnote,
 474             data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'), headers=real_headers,
 475             query={'key': api_key, 'prettyPrint': 'false'})
 476
 477     def extract_yt_initial_data(self, item_id, webpage, fatal=True):
 478         return self._search_json(self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, webpage, 'yt initial data', item_id, fatal=fatal)
 479
 480     @staticmethod
 481     def _extract_session_index(*data):
 482         """
 483         Index of current account in account list.
 484         See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/519
 485         """
 486         for ytcfg in data:
 487             session_index = int_or_none(try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['SESSION_INDEX']))
 488             if session_index is not None:
 489                 return session_index
 490
 491     # Deprecated?
 492     def _extract_identity_token(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
 493         if ytcfg:
 494             token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['ID_TOKEN'], str)
 495             if token:
 496                 return token
 497         if webpage:
 498             return self._search_regex(
 499                 r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
 500                 'identity token', default=None, fatal=False)
 501
 502     @staticmethod
 503     def _extract_account_syncid(*args):
 504         """
 505         Extract syncId required to download private playlists of secondary channels
 506         @params response and/or ytcfg
 507         """
 508         for data in args:
 509             # ytcfg includes channel_syncid if on secondary channel
 510             delegated_sid = try_get(data, lambda x: x['DELEGATED_SESSION_ID'], str)
 511             if delegated_sid:
 512                 return delegated_sid
 513             sync_ids = (try_get(
 514                 data, (lambda x: x['responseContext']['mainAppWebResponseContext']['datasyncId'],
 515                        lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), str) or '').split('||')
 516             if len(sync_ids) >= 2 and sync_ids[1]:
 517                 # datasyncid is of the form "channel_syncid||user_syncid" for secondary channel
 518                 # and just "user_syncid||" for primary channel. We only want the channel_syncid
 519                 return sync_ids[0]
 520
 521     @staticmethod
 522     def _extract_visitor_data(*args):
 523         """
 524         Extracts visitorData from an API response or ytcfg
 525         Appears to be used to track session state
 526         """
 527         return get_first(
 528             args, [('VISITOR_DATA', ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client', 'visitorData'), ('responseContext', 'visitorData'))],
 529             expected_type=str)
 530
 531     @functools.cached_property
 532     def is_authenticated(self):
 533         return bool(self._generate_sapisidhash_header())
 534
 535     def extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
 536         if not webpage:
 537             return {}
 538         return self._parse_json(
 539             self._search_regex(
 540                 r'ytcfg\.set\s*\(\s*({.+?})\s*\)\s*;', webpage, 'ytcfg',
 541                 default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False) or {}
 542
 543     def generate_api_headers(
 544             self, *, ytcfg=None, account_syncid=None, session_index=None,
 545             visitor_data=None, identity_token=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web'):
 546
 547         origin = 'https://' + (self._select_api_hostname(api_hostname, default_client))
 548         headers = {
 549             'X-YouTube-Client-Name': str(
 550                 self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME'], default_client=default_client)),
 551             'X-YouTube-Client-Version': self._extract_client_version(ytcfg, default_client),
 552             'Origin': origin,
 553             'X-Youtube-Identity-Token': identity_token or self._extract_identity_token(ytcfg),
 554             'X-Goog-PageId': account_syncid or self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg),
 555             'X-Goog-Visitor-Id': visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(ytcfg)
 556         }
 557         if session_index is None:
 558             session_index = self._extract_session_index(ytcfg)
 559         if account_syncid or session_index is not None:
 560             headers['X-Goog-AuthUser'] = session_index if session_index is not None else 0
 561
 562         auth = self._generate_sapisidhash_header(origin)
 563         if auth is not None:
 564             headers['Authorization'] = auth
 565             headers['X-Origin'] = origin
 566         return {h: v for h, v in headers.items() if v is not None}
 567
 568     def _download_ytcfg(self, client, video_id):
 569         url = {
 570             'web': 'https://www.youtube.com',
 571             'web_music': 'https://music.youtube.com',
 572             'web_embedded': f'https://www.youtube.com/embed/{video_id}?html5=1'
 573         }.get(client)
 574         if not url:
 575             return {}
 576         webpage = self._download_webpage(
 577             url, video_id, fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {client.replace("_", " ").strip()} client config')
 578         return self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or {}
 579
 580     @staticmethod
 581     def _build_api_continuation_query(continuation, ctp=None):
 582         query = {
 583             'continuation': continuation
 584         }
 585         # TODO: Inconsistency with clickTrackingParams.
 586         # Currently we have a fixed ctp contained within context (from ytcfg)
 587         # and a ctp in root query for continuation.
 588         if ctp:
 589             query['clickTracking'] = {'clickTrackingParams': ctp}
 590         return query
 591
 592     @classmethod
 593     def _extract_next_continuation_data(cls, renderer):
 594         next_continuation = try_get(
 595             renderer, (lambda x: x['continuations'][0]['nextContinuationData'],
 596                        lambda x: x['continuation']['reloadContinuationData']), dict)
 597         if not next_continuation:
 598             return
 599         continuation = next_continuation.get('continuation')
 600         if not continuation:
 601             return
 602         ctp = next_continuation.get('clickTrackingParams')
 603         return cls._build_api_continuation_query(continuation, ctp)
 604
 605     @classmethod
 606     def _extract_continuation_ep_data(cls, continuation_ep: dict):
 607         if isinstance(continuation_ep, dict):
 608             continuation = try_get(
 609                 continuation_ep, lambda x: x['continuationCommand']['token'], str)
 610             if not continuation:
 611                 return
 612             ctp = continuation_ep.get('clickTrackingParams')
 613             return cls._build_api_continuation_query(continuation, ctp)
 614
 615     @classmethod
 616     def _extract_continuation(cls, renderer):
 617         next_continuation = cls._extract_next_continuation_data(renderer)
 618         if next_continuation:
 619             return next_continuation
 620
 621         contents = []
 622         for key in ('contents', 'items'):
 623             contents.extend(try_get(renderer, lambda x: x[key], list) or [])
 624
 625         for content in contents:
 626             if not isinstance(content, dict):
 627                 continue
 628             continuation_ep = try_get(
 629                 content, (lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['continuationEndpoint'],
 630                           lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['button']['buttonRenderer']['command']),
 631                 dict)
 632             continuation = cls._extract_continuation_ep_data(continuation_ep)
 633             if continuation:
 634                 return continuation
 635
 636     @classmethod
 637     def _extract_alerts(cls, data):
 638         for alert_dict in try_get(data, lambda x: x['alerts'], list) or []:
 639             if not isinstance(alert_dict, dict):
 640                 continue
 641             for alert in alert_dict.values():
 642                 alert_type = alert.get('type')
 643                 if not alert_type:
 644                     continue
 645                 message = cls._get_text(alert, 'text')
 646                 if message:
 647                     yield alert_type, message
 648
 649     def _report_alerts(self, alerts, expected=True, fatal=True, only_once=False):
 650         errors = []
 651         warnings = []
 652         for alert_type, alert_message in alerts:
 653             if alert_type.lower() == 'error' and fatal:
 654                 errors.append([alert_type, alert_message])
 655             else:
 656                 warnings.append([alert_type, alert_message])
 657
 658         for alert_type, alert_message in (warnings + errors[:-1]):
 659             self.report_warning(f'YouTube said: {alert_type} - {alert_message}', only_once=only_once)
 660         if errors:
 661             raise ExtractorError('YouTube said: %s' % errors[-1][1], expected=expected)
 662
 663     def _extract_and_report_alerts(self, data, *args, **kwargs):
 664         return self._report_alerts(self._extract_alerts(data), *args, **kwargs)
 665
 666     def _extract_badges(self, renderer: dict):
 667         badges = set()
 668         for badge in try_get(renderer, lambda x: x['badges'], list) or []:
 669             label = try_get(badge, lambda x: x['metadataBadgeRenderer']['label'], str)
 670             if label:
 671                 badges.add(label.lower())
 672         return badges
 673
 674     @staticmethod
 675     def _get_text(data, *path_list, max_runs=None):
 676         for path in path_list or [None]:
 677             if path is None:
 678                 obj = [data]
 679             else:
 680                 obj = traverse_obj(data, path, default=[])
 681                 if not any(key is ... or isinstance(key, (list, tuple)) for key in variadic(path)):
 682                     obj = [obj]
 683             for item in obj:
 684                 text = try_get(item, lambda x: x['simpleText'], str)
 685                 if text:
 686                     return text
 687                 runs = try_get(item, lambda x: x['runs'], list) or []
 688                 if not runs and isinstance(item, list):
 689                     runs = item
 690
 691                 runs = runs[:min(len(runs), max_runs or len(runs))]
 692                 text = ''.join(traverse_obj(runs, (..., 'text'), expected_type=str, default=[]))
 693                 if text:
 694                     return text
 695
 696     def _get_count(self, data, *path_list):
 697         count_text = self._get_text(data, *path_list) or ''
 698         count = parse_count(count_text)
 699         if count is None:
 700             count = str_to_int(
 701                 self._search_regex(r'^([\d,]+)', re.sub(r'\s', '', count_text), 'count', default=None))
 702         return count
 703
 704     @staticmethod
 705     def _extract_thumbnails(data, *path_list):
 706         """
 707         Extract thumbnails from thumbnails dict
 708         @param path_list: path list to level that contains 'thumbnails' key
 709         """
 710         thumbnails = []
 711         for path in path_list or [()]:
 712             for thumbnail in traverse_obj(data, (*variadic(path), 'thumbnails', ...), default=[]):
 713                 thumbnail_url = url_or_none(thumbnail.get('url'))
 714                 if not thumbnail_url:
 715                     continue
 716                 # Sometimes youtube gives a wrong thumbnail URL. See:
 717                 # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/233
 718                 # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28023
 719                 if 'maxresdefault' in thumbnail_url:
 720                     thumbnail_url = thumbnail_url.split('?')[0]
 721                 thumbnails.append({
 722                     'url': thumbnail_url,
 723                     'height': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('height')),
 724                     'width': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('width')),
 725                 })
 726         return thumbnails
 727
 728     @staticmethod
 729     def extract_relative_time(relative_time_text):
 730         """
 731         Extracts a relative time from string and converts to dt object
 732         e.g. 'streamed 6 days ago', '5 seconds ago (edited)', 'updated today'
 733         """
 734         mobj = re.search(r'(?P<start>today|yesterday|now)|(?P<time>\d+)\s*(?P<unit>microsecond|second|minute|hour|day|week|month|year)s?\s*ago', relative_time_text)
 735         if mobj:
 736             start = mobj.group('start')
 737             if start:
 738                 return datetime_from_str(start)
 739             try:
 740                 return datetime_from_str('now-%s%s' % (mobj.group('time'), mobj.group('unit')))
 741             except ValueError:
 742                 return None
 743
 744     def _extract_time_text(self, renderer, *path_list):
 745         """@returns (timestamp, time_text)"""
 746         text = self._get_text(renderer, *path_list) or ''
 747         dt = self.extract_relative_time(text)
 748         timestamp = None
 749         if isinstance(dt, datetime.datetime):
 750             timestamp = calendar.timegm(dt.timetuple())
 751
 752         if timestamp is None:
 753             timestamp = (
 754                 unified_timestamp(text) or unified_timestamp(
 755                     self._search_regex(
 756                         (r'([a-z]+\s*\d{1,2},?\s*20\d{2})', r'(?:.+|^)(?:live|premieres|ed|ing)(?:\s*(?:on|for))?\s*(.+\d)'),
 757                         text.lower(), 'time text', default=None)))
 758
 759         if text and timestamp is None:
 760             self.report_warning(f"Cannot parse localized time text '{text}'" + bug_reports_message(), only_once=True)
 761         return timestamp, text
 762
 763     def _extract_response(self, item_id, query, note='Downloading API JSON', headers=None,
 764                           ytcfg=None, check_get_keys=None, ep='browse', fatal=True, api_hostname=None,
 765                           default_client='web'):
 766         response = None
 767         last_error = None
 768         count = -1
 769         retries = self.get_param('extractor_retries', 3)
 770         if check_get_keys is None:
 771             check_get_keys = []
 772         while count < retries:
 773             count += 1
 774             if last_error:
 775                 self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % remove_end(last_error, '.'))
 776             try:
 777                 response = self._call_api(
 778                     ep=ep, fatal=True, headers=headers,
 779                     video_id=item_id, query=query,
 780                     context=self._extract_context(ytcfg, default_client),
 781                     api_key=self._extract_api_key(ytcfg, default_client),
 782                     api_hostname=api_hostname, default_client=default_client,
 783                     note='%s%s' % (note, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''))
 784             except ExtractorError as e:
 785                 if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
 786                     if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError):
 787                         first_bytes = e.cause.read(512)
 788                         if not is_html(first_bytes):
 789                             yt_error = try_get(
 790                                 self._parse_json(
 791                                     self._webpage_read_content(e.cause, None, item_id, prefix=first_bytes) or '{}', item_id, fatal=False),
 792                                 lambda x: x['error']['message'], str)
 793                             if yt_error:
 794                                 self._report_alerts([('ERROR', yt_error)], fatal=False)
 795                     # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
 796                     # Sometimes a 404 is also received. See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28289
 797                     # We also want to catch all other network exceptions since errors in later pages can be troublesome
 798                     # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/507#issuecomment-880188210
 799                     if not isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) or e.cause.code not in (403, 429):
 800                         last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e.msg)
 801                         if count < retries:
 802                             continue
 803                 if fatal:
 804                     raise
 805                 else:
 806                     self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
 807                     return
 808
 809             else:
 810                 try:
 811                     self._extract_and_report_alerts(response, only_once=True)
 812                 except ExtractorError as e:
 813                     # YouTube servers may return errors we want to retry on in a 200 OK response
 814                     # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/839
 815                     if 'unknown error' in e.msg.lower():
 816                         last_error = e.msg
 817                         continue
 818                     if fatal:
 819                         raise
 820                     self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
 821                     return
 822                 if not check_get_keys or dict_get(response, check_get_keys):
 823                     break
 824                 # Youtube sometimes sends incomplete data
 825                 # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28194
 826                 last_error = 'Incomplete data received'
 827                 if count >= retries:
 828                     if fatal:
 829                         raise ExtractorError(last_error)
 830                     else:
 831                         self.report_warning(last_error)
 832                         return
 833         return response
 834
 835     @staticmethod
 836     def is_music_url(url):
 837         return re.match(r'https?://music\.youtube\.com/', url) is not None
 838
 839     def _extract_video(self, renderer):
 840         video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
 841         title = self._get_text(renderer, 'title')
 842         description = self._get_text(renderer, 'descriptionSnippet')
 843         duration = parse_duration(self._get_text(
 844             renderer, 'lengthText', ('thumbnailOverlays', ..., 'thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer', 'text')))
 845         if duration is None:
 846             duration = parse_duration(self._search_regex(
 847                 r'(?i)(ago)(?!.*\1)\s+(?P<duration>[a-z0-9 ,]+?)(?:\s+[\d,]+\s+views)?(?:\s+-\s+play\s+short)?$',
 848                 traverse_obj(renderer, ('title', 'accessibility', 'accessibilityData', 'label'), default='', expected_type=str),
 849                 video_id, default=None, group='duration'))
 850
 851         view_count = self._get_count(renderer, 'viewCountText')
 852
 853         uploader = self._get_text(renderer, 'ownerText', 'shortBylineText')
 854         channel_id = traverse_obj(
 855             renderer, ('shortBylineText', 'runs', ..., 'navigationEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint', 'browseId'),
 856             expected_type=str, get_all=False)
 857         timestamp, time_text = self._extract_time_text(renderer, 'publishedTimeText')
 858         scheduled_timestamp = str_to_int(traverse_obj(renderer, ('upcomingEventData', 'startTime'), get_all=False))
 859         overlay_style = traverse_obj(
 860             renderer, ('thumbnailOverlays', ..., 'thumbnailOverlayTimeStatusRenderer', 'style'),
 861             get_all=False, expected_type=str)
 862         badges = self._extract_badges(renderer)
 863         thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(renderer, 'thumbnail')
 864         navigation_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', traverse_obj(
 865             renderer, ('navigationEndpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'),
 866             expected_type=str)) or ''
 867         url = f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}'
 868         if overlay_style == 'SHORTS' or '/shorts/' in navigation_url:
 869             url = f'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/{video_id}'
 870
 871         return {
 872             '_type': 'url',
 873             'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
 874             'id': video_id,
 875             'url': url,
 876             'title': title,
 877             'description': description,
 878             'duration': duration,
 879             'view_count': view_count,
 880             'uploader': uploader,
 881             'channel_id': channel_id,
 882             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
 883             'upload_date': (strftime_or_none(timestamp, '%Y%m%d')
 884                             if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key='youtubetab')
 885                             else None),
 886             'live_status': ('is_upcoming' if scheduled_timestamp is not None
 887                             else 'was_live' if 'streamed' in time_text.lower()
 888                             else 'is_live' if overlay_style is not None and overlay_style == 'LIVE' or 'live now' in badges
 889                             else None),
 890             'release_timestamp': scheduled_timestamp,
 891             'availability': self._availability(needs_premium='premium' in badges, needs_subscription='members only' in badges)
 892         }
 893
 894
 895 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 896     IE_DESC = 'YouTube'
 897     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 898                      (
 899                          (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
 900                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|
 901                             (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com|
 902                             (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com|
 903                             (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com|
 904                             (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com|
 905                             tube\.majestyc\.net|
 906                             %(invidious)s|
 907                             youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 908                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 909                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 910                              (?:(?:v|embed|e|shorts)/(?!videoseries|live_stream))  # v/ or embed/ or e/ or shorts/
 911                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 912                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 913                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 914                                  (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
 915                                  v=
 916                              )
 917                          ))
 918                          |(?:
 919                             youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
 920                             vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
 921                             zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
 922                             %(invidious)s
 923                          )/
 924                          |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
 925                          )
 926                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 927                      (?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 928                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 929                      (?:\#|$)""" % {
 930         'invidious': '|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
 931     }
 932     _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
 933         r'/s/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player',
 934         r'/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player(?:_ias\.vflset(?:/[a-zA-Z]{2,3}_[a-zA-Z]{2,3})?|-plasma-ias-(?:phone|tablet)-[a-z]{2}_[A-Z]{2}\.vflset)/base\.js$',
 935         r'\b(?P<id>vfl[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\b.*?\.js$',
 936     )
 937     _formats = {
 938         '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 939         '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
 940         '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 941         '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 942         '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 943         '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 944         '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 945         '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 946         # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
 947         '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
 948         '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 949         '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 950         '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 951         '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 952         '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 953         '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
 954         '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 955         '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 956
 957
 958         # 3D videos
 959         '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 960         '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 961         '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 962         '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
 963         '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 964         '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 965         '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
 966
 967         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 968         '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 969         '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 970         '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 971         '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 972         '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 973         '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 974         '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 975         '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
 976
 977         # DASH mp4 video
 978         '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 979         '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 980         '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 981         '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 982         '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 983         '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
 984         '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 985         '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 986         '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 987         '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 988         '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
 989         '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
 990
 991         # Dash mp4 audio
 992         '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 993         '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 994         '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 995         '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 996         '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 997         '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 998         '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
 999
1000         # Dash webm
1001         '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
1002         '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
1003         '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
1004         '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
1005         '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
1006         '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
1007         '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1008         '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1009         '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1010         '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1011         '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1012         '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1013         '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1014         '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1015         '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1016         # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
1017         '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1018         '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
1019         '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
1020         '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
1021         '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
1022         '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
1023
1024         # Dash webm audio
1025         '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
1026         '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
1027
1028         # Dash webm audio with opus inside
1029         '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
1030         '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
1031         '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
1032
1033         # RTMP (unnamed)
1034         '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
1035
1036         # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
1037         '394': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.00M.08'},
1038         '395': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.00M.08'},
1039         '396': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.01M.08'},
1040         '397': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.04M.08'},
1041         '398': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
1042         '399': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.08M.08'},
1043         '400': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
1044         '401': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
1045     }
1046     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
1047
1048     _GEO_BYPASS = False
1049
1050     IE_NAME = 'youtube'
1051     _TESTS = [
1052         {
1053             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
1054             'info_dict': {
1055                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
1056                 'ext': 'mp4',
1057                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
1058                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
1059                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
1060                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
1061                 'channel': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
1062                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
1063                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
1064                 'upload_date': '20121002',
1065                 'description': 'md5:8fb536f4877b8a7455c2ec23794dbc22',
1066                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
1067                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
1068                 'duration': 10,
1069                 'view_count': int,
1070                 'like_count': int,
1071                 'availability': 'public',
1072                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1073                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/BaW_jenozKc/maxresdefault.jpg',
1074                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1075                 'age_limit': 0,
1076                 'start_time': 1,
1077                 'end_time': 9,
1078                 'comment_count': int,
1079                 'channel_follower_count': int
1080             }
1081         },
1082         {
1083             'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
1084             'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
1085             'info_dict': {
1086                 'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
1087                 'ext': 'mp4',
1088                 'upload_date': '20120608',
1089                 'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
1090                 'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
1091                 'uploader': 'SET India',
1092                 'uploader_id': 'setindia',
1093                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
1094                 'age_limit': 18,
1095             },
1096             'skip': 'Private video',
1097         },
1098         {
1099             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
1100             'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
1101             'info_dict': {
1102                 'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
1103                 'ext': 'mp4',
1104                 'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
1105                 'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
1106                 'uploader_id': 'phihag',
1107                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
1108                 'channel': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
1109                 'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
1110                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
1111                 'upload_date': '20121002',
1112                 'description': 'md5:8fb536f4877b8a7455c2ec23794dbc22',
1113                 'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
1114                 'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
1115                 'duration': 10,
1116                 'view_count': int,
1117                 'like_count': int,
1118                 'availability': 'public',
1119                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1120                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/BaW_jenozKc/maxresdefault.jpg',
1121                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1122                 'age_limit': 0,
1123                 'comment_count': int,
1124                 'channel_follower_count': int
1125             },
1126             'params': {
1127                 'skip_download': True,
1128             },
1129         },
1130         {
1131             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
1132             'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
1133             'info_dict': {
1134                 'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
1135                 'ext': 'm4a',
1136                 'upload_date': '20121002',
1137                 'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
1138                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
1139                 'description': '',
1140                 'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
1141                 'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
1142             },
1143             'params': {
1144                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
1145                 'format': '141',
1146             },
1147             'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
1148         },
1149         # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
1150         {
1151             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
1152             'info_dict': {
1153                 'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
1154                 'ext': 'm4a',
1155                 'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
1156                 'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
1157                 'duration': 244,
1158                 'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
1159                 'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
1160                 'upload_date': '20131011',
1161                 'abr': 129.495,
1162                 'like_count': int,
1163                 'channel_id': 'UChuZAo1RKL85gev3Eal9_zg',
1164                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1165                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChuZAo1RKL85gev3Eal9_zg',
1166                 'view_count': int,
1167                 'track': 'The Spark',
1168                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1169                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/IB3lcPjvWLA/maxresdefault.webp',
1170                 'channel': 'Afrojack',
1171                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/AfrojackVEVO',
1172                 'tags': 'count:19',
1173                 'availability': 'public',
1174                 'categories': ['Music'],
1175                 'age_limit': 0,
1176                 'alt_title': 'The Spark',
1177                 'channel_follower_count': int
1178             },
1179             'params': {
1180                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
1181                 'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
1182             },
1183         },
1184         # Age-gate videos. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/575#issuecomment-888837000
1185         {
1186             'note': 'Embed allowed age-gate video',
1187             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
1188             'info_dict': {
1189                 'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
1190                 'ext': 'mp4',
1191                 'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
1192                 'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
1193                 'duration': 142,
1194                 'uploader': 'The Witcher',
1195                 'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
1196                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
1197                 'upload_date': '20140605',
1198                 'age_limit': 18,
1199                 'categories': ['Gaming'],
1200                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/HtVdAasjOgU/maxresdefault.webp',
1201                 'availability': 'needs_auth',
1202                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzybXLxv08IApdjdN0mJhEg',
1203                 'like_count': int,
1204                 'channel': 'The Witcher',
1205                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1206                 'tags': 'count:17',
1207                 'channel_id': 'UCzybXLxv08IApdjdN0mJhEg',
1208                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1209                 'view_count': int,
1210                 'channel_follower_count': int
1211             },
1212         },
1213         {
1214             'note': 'Age-gate video with embed allowed in public site',
1215             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HsUATh_Nc2U',
1216             'info_dict': {
1217                 'id': 'HsUATh_Nc2U',
1218                 'ext': 'mp4',
1219                 'title': 'Godzilla 2 (Official Video)',
1220                 'description': 'md5:bf77e03fcae5529475e500129b05668a',
1221                 'upload_date': '20200408',
1222                 'uploader_id': 'FlyingKitty900',
1223                 'uploader': 'FlyingKitty',
1224                 'age_limit': 18,
1225                 'availability': 'needs_auth',
1226                 'channel_id': 'UCYQT13AtrJC0gsM1far_zJg',
1227                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/FlyingKitty900',
1228                 'channel': 'FlyingKitty',
1229                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYQT13AtrJC0gsM1far_zJg',
1230                 'view_count': int,
1231                 'categories': ['Entertainment'],
1232                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1233                 'tags': ['Flyingkitty', 'godzilla 2'],
1234                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/HsUATh_Nc2U/maxresdefault.jpg',
1235                 'like_count': int,
1236                 'duration': 177,
1237                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1238                 'channel_follower_count': int
1239             },
1240         },
1241         {
1242             'note': 'Age-gate video embedable only with clientScreen=EMBED',
1243             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=Tq92D6wQ1mg',
1244             'info_dict': {
1245                 'id': 'Tq92D6wQ1mg',
1246                 'title': '[MMD] Adios - EVERGLOW [+Motion DL]',
1247                 'ext': 'mp4',
1248                 'upload_date': '20191228',
1249                 'uploader_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
1250                 'uploader': 'Projekt Melody',
1251                 'description': 'md5:17eccca93a786d51bc67646756894066',
1252                 'age_limit': 18,
1253                 'like_count': int,
1254                 'availability': 'needs_auth',
1255                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
1256                 'channel_id': 'UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
1257                 'view_count': int,
1258                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/Tq92D6wQ1mg/sddefault.webp',
1259                 'channel': 'Projekt Melody',
1260                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1261                 'tags': ['mmd', 'dance', 'mikumikudance', 'kpop', 'vtuber'],
1262                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1263                 'categories': ['Entertainment'],
1264                 'duration': 106,
1265                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yoRdFoFJaCY-AGfD9W0wQ',
1266                 'comment_count': int,
1267                 'channel_follower_count': int
1268             },
1269         },
1270         {
1271             'note': 'Non-Agegated non-embeddable video',
1272             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=MeJVWBSsPAY',
1273             'info_dict': {
1274                 'id': 'MeJVWBSsPAY',
1275                 'ext': 'mp4',
1276                 'title': 'OOMPH! - Such Mich Find Mich (Lyrics)',
1277                 'uploader': 'Herr Lurik',
1278                 'uploader_id': 'st3in234',
1279                 'description': 'Fan Video. Music & Lyrics by OOMPH!.',
1280                 'upload_date': '20130730',
1281                 'track': 'Such mich find mich',
1282                 'age_limit': 0,
1283                 'tags': ['oomph', 'such mich find mich', 'lyrics', 'german industrial', 'musica industrial'],
1284                 'like_count': int,
1285                 'playable_in_embed': False,
1286                 'creator': 'OOMPH!',
1287                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/MeJVWBSsPAY/sddefault.jpg',
1288                 'view_count': int,
1289                 'alt_title': 'Such mich find mich',
1290                 'duration': 210,
1291                 'channel': 'Herr Lurik',
1292                 'channel_id': 'UCdR3RSDPqub28LjZx0v9-aA',
1293                 'categories': ['Music'],
1294                 'availability': 'public',
1295                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/st3in234',
1296                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdR3RSDPqub28LjZx0v9-aA',
1297                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1298                 'artist': 'OOMPH!',
1299                 'channel_follower_count': int
1300             },
1301         },
1302         {
1303             'note': 'Non-bypassable age-gated video',
1304             'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=Cr381pDsSsA',
1305             'only_matching': True,
1306         },
1307         # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
1308         # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
1309         {
1310             'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
1311             'info_dict': {
1312                 'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
1313                 'ext': 'mp4',
1314                 'duration': 266,
1315                 'upload_date': '20100430',
1316                 'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
1317                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
1318                 'creator': 'deadmau5',
1319                 'description': 'md5:6cbcd3a92ce1bc676fc4d6ab4ace2336',
1320                 'uploader': 'deadmau5',
1321                 'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
1322                 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
1323                 'availability': 'public',
1324                 'tags': 'count:14',
1325                 'channel_id': 'UCYEK6xds6eo-3tr4xRdflmQ',
1326                 'view_count': int,
1327                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1328                 'channel': 'deadmau5',
1329                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/__2ABJjxzNo/maxresdefault.webp',
1330                 'like_count': int,
1331                 'track': 'Some Chords',
1332                 'artist': 'deadmau5',
1333                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1334                 'age_limit': 0,
1335                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYEK6xds6eo-3tr4xRdflmQ',
1336                 'categories': ['Music'],
1337                 'album': 'Some Chords',
1338                 'channel_follower_count': int
1339             },
1340             'expected_warnings': [
1341                 'DASH manifest missing',
1342             ]
1343         },
1344         # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
1345         {
1346             'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
1347             'info_dict': {
1348                 'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
1349                 'ext': 'mp4',
1350                 'duration': 6085,
1351                 'upload_date': '20150827',
1352                 'uploader_id': 'olympic',
1353                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
1354                 'description': 'md5:04bbbf3ccceb6795947572ca36f45904',
1355                 'uploader': 'Olympics',
1356                 'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
1357                 'like_count': int,
1358                 'release_timestamp': 1343767800,
1359                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1360                 'categories': ['Sports'],
1361                 'release_date': '20120731',
1362                 'channel': 'Olympics',
1363                 'tags': ['Hockey', '2012-07-31', '31 July 2012', 'Riverbank Arena', 'Session', 'Olympics', 'Olympic Games', 'London 2012', '2012 Summer Olympics', 'Summer Games'],
1364                 'channel_id': 'UCTl3QQTvqHFjurroKxexy2Q',
1365                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/lqQg6PlCWgI/maxresdefault.jpg',
1366                 'age_limit': 0,
1367                 'availability': 'public',
1368                 'live_status': 'was_live',
1369                 'view_count': int,
1370                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTl3QQTvqHFjurroKxexy2Q',
1371                 'channel_follower_count': int
1372             },
1373             'params': {
1374                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
1375             }
1376         },
1377         # Non-square pixels
1378         {
1379             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
1380             'info_dict': {
1381                 'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
1382                 'ext': 'mp4',
1383                 'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
1384                 'duration': 85,
1385                 'upload_date': '20110310',
1386                 'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
1387                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
1388                 'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
1389                 'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
1390                 'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
1391                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1392                 'channel': '孫ᄋᄅ',
1393                 'age_limit': 0,
1394                 'tags': 'count:11',
1395                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCS-xxCmRaA6BFdmgDPA_BIw',
1396                 'channel_id': 'UCS-xxCmRaA6BFdmgDPA_BIw',
1397                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/_b-2C3KPAM0/maxresdefault.jpg',
1398                 'view_count': int,
1399                 'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
1400                 'like_count': int,
1401                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1402                 'availability': 'unlisted',
1403                 'comment_count': int,
1404                 'channel_follower_count': int
1405             },
1406         },
1407         # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
1408         {
1409             'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
1410             'info_dict': {
1411                 'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
1412                 'ext': 'webm',
1413                 'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
1414                 'description': '',
1415                 'upload_date': '20150404',
1416                 'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
1417                 'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
1418             },
1419             'params': {
1420                 'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
1421             },
1422             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
1423         },
1424         # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
1425         {
1426             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
1427             'info_dict': {
1428                 'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
1429                 'ext': 'webm',
1430                 'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
1431                 'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
1432                 'duration': 220,
1433                 'upload_date': '20150625',
1434                 'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
1435                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
1436                 'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
1437                 'formats': 'mincount:31',
1438             },
1439             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
1440         },
1441         # DASH manifest with segment_list
1442         {
1443             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
1444             'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
1445             'info_dict': {
1446                 'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
1447                 'ext': 'mp4',
1448                 'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
1449                 'uploader': 'Airtek',
1450                 'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
1451                 'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
1452                 'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
1453             },
1454             'params': {
1455                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
1456                 'format': '135',  # bestvideo
1457             },
1458             'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
1459         },
1460         {
1461             # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
1462             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvGDaLqkpTg',
1463             'info_dict': {
1464                 'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
1465                 'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever',
1466                 'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
1467             },
1468             'playlist': [{
1469                 'info_dict': {
1470                     'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
1471                     'ext': 'mp4',
1472                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Main Camera)',
1473                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
1474                     'duration': 10643,
1475                     'upload_date': '20161111',
1476                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
1477                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1478                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1479                 },
1480             }, {
1481                 'info_dict': {
1482                     'id': '3AKt1R1aDnw',
1483                     'ext': 'mp4',
1484                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 2)',
1485                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
1486                     'duration': 10991,
1487                     'upload_date': '20161111',
1488                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
1489                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1490                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1491                 },
1492             }, {
1493                 'info_dict': {
1494                     'id': 'RtAMM00gpVc',
1495                     'ext': 'mp4',
1496                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 3)',
1497                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
1498                     'duration': 10995,
1499                     'upload_date': '20161111',
1500                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
1501                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1502                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1503                 },
1504             }, {
1505                 'info_dict': {
1506                     'id': '6N2fdlP3C5U',
1507                     'ext': 'mp4',
1508                     'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 4)',
1509                     'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
1510                     'duration': 10990,
1511                     'upload_date': '20161111',
1512                     'uploader': 'Team PGP',
1513                     'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1514                     'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
1515                 },
1516             }],
1517             'params': {
1518                 'skip_download': True,
1519             },
1520             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
1521         },
1522         {
1523             # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
1524             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
1525             'info_dict': {
1526                 'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
1527                 'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
1528             },
1529             'playlist_count': 2,
1530             'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
1531         },
1532         {
1533             'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
1534             'only_matching': True,
1535         },
1536         {
1537             'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
1538             'only_matching': True,
1539         },
1540         {
1541             # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
1542             # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
1543             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
1544             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
1545             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
1546             'info_dict': {
1547                 'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
1548                 'ext': 'mp4',
1549                 'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
1550                 'alt_title': 'Dark Walk',
1551                 'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
1552                 'duration': 133,
1553                 'upload_date': '20151119',
1554                 'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
1555                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
1556                 'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
1557                 'creator': 'Todd Haberman;\nDaniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
1558                 'track': 'Dark Walk',
1559                 'artist': 'Todd Haberman;\nDaniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
1560                 'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
1561                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/lsguqyKfVQg/maxresdefault.webp',
1562                 'categories': ['Film & Animation'],
1563                 'view_count': int,
1564                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1565                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTSRgz5jylBvFt_S7wnsqLQ',
1566                 'channel_id': 'UCTSRgz5jylBvFt_S7wnsqLQ',
1567                 'tags': 'count:13',
1568                 'availability': 'public',
1569                 'channel': 'IronSoulElf',
1570                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1571                 'like_count': int,
1572                 'age_limit': 0,
1573                 'channel_follower_count': int
1574             },
1575             'params': {
1576                 'skip_download': True,
1577             },
1578         },
1579         {
1580             # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
1581             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
1582             'only_matching': True,
1583         },
1584         {
1585             # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
1586             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
1587             'info_dict': {
1588                 'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
1589                 'ext': 'mp4',
1590                 'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
1591                 'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
1592                 'upload_date': '20151107',
1593                 'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
1594                 'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
1595             },
1596             'params': {
1597                 'skip_download': True,
1598             },
1599             'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
1600         },
1601         {
1602             # Video with incomplete 'yt:stretch=16:'
1603             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRhJzUSJbGI',
1604             'only_matching': True,
1605         },
1606         {
1607             # Video licensed under Creative Commons
1608             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
1609             'info_dict': {
1610                 'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
1611                 'ext': 'mp4',
1612                 'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
1613                 'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
1614                 'duration': 721,
1615                 'upload_date': '20150128',
1616                 'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
1617                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
1618                 'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
1619                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1620                 'channel_id': 'UCuLGmD72gJDBwmLw06X58SA',
1621                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuLGmD72gJDBwmLw06X58SA',
1622                 'like_count': int,
1623                 'age_limit': 0,
1624                 'tags': ['Copyright (Legal Subject)', 'Law (Industry)', 'William W. Fisher (Author)'],
1625                 'channel': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
1626                 'availability': 'public',
1627                 'view_count': int,
1628                 'categories': ['Education'],
1629                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/M4gD1WSo5mA/maxresdefault.webp',
1630                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1631                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1632                 'comment_count': int,
1633                 'channel_follower_count': int
1634             },
1635             'params': {
1636                 'skip_download': True,
1637             },
1638         },
1639         {
1640             # Channel-like uploader_url
1641             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
1642             'info_dict': {
1643                 'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
1644                 'ext': 'mp4',
1645                 'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
1646                 'description': 'md5:13a2503d7b5904ef4b223aa101628f39',
1647                 'duration': 4060,
1648                 'upload_date': '20151120',
1649                 'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
1650                 'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1651                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1652                 'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
1653                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1654                 'tags': 'count:12',
1655                 'like_count': int,
1656                 'channel_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1657                 'age_limit': 0,
1658                 'availability': 'public',
1659                 'categories': ['News & Politics'],
1660                 'channel': 'Bernie Sanders',
1661                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/eQcmzGIKrzg/maxresdefault.webp',
1662                 'view_count': int,
1663                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1664                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
1665                 'comment_count': int,
1666                 'channel_follower_count': int
1667             },
1668             'params': {
1669                 'skip_download': True,
1670             },
1671         },
1672         {
1673             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
1674             'only_matching': True,
1675         },
1676         {
1677             # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
1678             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
1679             'only_matching': True,
1680         },
1681         {
1682             # Rental video preview
1683             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
1684             'info_dict': {
1685                 'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
1686                 'ext': 'mp4',
1687                 'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
1688                 'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
1689                 'upload_date': '20150811',
1690                 'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
1691                 'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
1692                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
1693                 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
1694             },
1695             'params': {
1696                 'skip_download': True,
1697             },
1698             'skip': 'This video is not available.',
1699         },
1700         {
1701             # YouTube Red video with episode data
1702             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
1703             'info_dict': {
1704                 'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
1705                 'ext': 'mp4',
1706                 'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
1707                 'description': 'md5:f540112edec5d09fc8cc752d3d4ba3cd',
1708                 'duration': 2085,
1709                 'upload_date': '20170118',
1710                 'uploader': 'Vsauce',
1711                 'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
1712                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
1713                 'series': 'Mind Field',
1714                 'season_number': 1,
1715                 'episode_number': 1,
1716                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/iqKdEhx-dD4/maxresdefault.webp',
1717                 'tags': 'count:12',
1718                 'view_count': int,
1719                 'availability': 'public',
1720                 'age_limit': 0,
1721                 'channel': 'Vsauce',
1722                 'episode': 'Episode 1',
1723                 'categories': ['Entertainment'],
1724                 'season': 'Season 1',
1725                 'channel_id': 'UC6nSFpj9HTCZ5t-N3Rm3-HA',
1726                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6nSFpj9HTCZ5t-N3Rm3-HA',
1727                 'like_count': int,
1728                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1729                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1730                 'channel_follower_count': int
1731             },
1732             'params': {
1733                 'skip_download': True,
1734             },
1735             'expected_warnings': [
1736                 'Skipping DASH manifest',
1737             ],
1738         },
1739         {
1740             # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
1741             # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
1742             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
1743             'info_dict': {
1744                 'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
1745                 'ext': 'mp4',
1746                 'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
1747                 'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
1748                 'duration': 965,
1749                 'upload_date': '20140124',
1750                 'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
1751                 'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1752                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
1753             },
1754             'params': {
1755                 'skip_download': True,
1756             },
1757             'skip': 'This video has been removed for violating YouTube\'s policy on hate speech.',
1758         },
1759         {
1760             # itag 212
1761             'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
1762             'only_matching': True,
1763         },
1764         {
1765             # geo restricted to JP
1766             'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
1767             'only_matching': True,
1768         },
1769         {
1770             'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1771             'only_matching': True,
1772         },
1773         {
1774             'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
1775             'only_matching': True,
1776         },
1777         {
1778             # from https://nitter.pussthecat.org/YouTube/status/1360363141947944964#m
1779             'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/Yh0AhrY9GjA',
1780             'only_matching': True,
1781         },
1782         {
1783             # DRM protected
1784             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
1785             'only_matching': True,
1786         },
1787         {
1788             # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
1789             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1790             'info_dict': {
1791                 'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
1792                 'ext': 'mp4',
1793                 'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
1794                 'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
1795                 'duration': 433,
1796                 'upload_date': '20130923',
1797                 'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
1798                 'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1799                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
1800                 'formats': 'maxcount:10',
1801             },
1802             'params': {
1803                 'skip_download': True,
1804                 'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
1805             },
1806             'skip': 'not actual anymore',
1807         },
1808         {
1809             # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
1810             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
1811             'info_dict': {
1812                 'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
1813                 'ext': 'mp4',
1814                 'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1815                 'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
1816                 'upload_date': '20190312',
1817                 'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
1818                 'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1819                 'artist': 'Stephen',
1820                 'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
1821                 'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
1822                 'release_date': '20190313',
1823                 'release_year': 2019,
1824                 'alt_title': 'Voyeur Girl',
1825                 'view_count': int,
1826                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1827                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1828                 'like_count': int,
1829                 'categories': ['Music'],
1830                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1831                 'channel': 'Stephen',
1832                 'availability': 'public',
1833                 'creator': 'Stephen',
1834                 'duration': 169,
1835                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/MgNrAu2pzNs/maxresdefault.webp',
1836                 'age_limit': 0,
1837                 'channel_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
1838                 'tags': 'count:11',
1839                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1840                 'channel_follower_count': int
1841             },
1842             'params': {
1843                 'skip_download': True,
1844             },
1845         },
1846         {
1847             'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
1848             'only_matching': True,
1849         },
1850         {
1851             # invalid -> valid video id redirection
1852             'url': 'DJztXj2GPfl',
1853             'info_dict': {
1854                 'id': 'DJztXj2GPfk',
1855                 'ext': 'mp4',
1856                 'title': 'Panjabi MC - Mundian To Bach Ke (The Dictator Soundtrack)',
1857                 'description': 'md5:bf577a41da97918e94fa9798d9228825',
1858                 'upload_date': '20090125',
1859                 'uploader': 'Prochorowka',
1860                 'uploader_id': 'Prochorowka',
1861                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Prochorowka',
1862                 'artist': 'Panjabi MC',
1863                 'track': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian to Bach Ke) - Motivo Hi-Lectro Remix',
1864                 'album': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian To Bach Ke)',
1865             },
1866             'params': {
1867                 'skip_download': True,
1868             },
1869             'skip': 'Video unavailable',
1870         },
1871         {
1872             # empty description results in an empty string
1873             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x41yOUIvK2k',
1874             'info_dict': {
1875                 'id': 'x41yOUIvK2k',
1876                 'ext': 'mp4',
1877                 'title': 'IMG 3456',
1878                 'description': '',
1879                 'upload_date': '20170613',
1880                 'uploader_id': 'ElevageOrVert',
1881                 'uploader': 'ElevageOrVert',
1882                 'view_count': int,
1883                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/x41yOUIvK2k/maxresdefault.webp',
1884                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/ElevageOrVert',
1885                 'like_count': int,
1886                 'channel_id': 'UCo03ZQPBW5U4UC3regpt1nw',
1887                 'tags': [],
1888                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCo03ZQPBW5U4UC3regpt1nw',
1889                 'availability': 'public',
1890                 'age_limit': 0,
1891                 'categories': ['Pets & Animals'],
1892                 'duration': 7,
1893                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1894                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1895                 'channel': 'ElevageOrVert',
1896                 'channel_follower_count': int
1897             },
1898             'params': {
1899                 'skip_download': True,
1900             },
1901         },
1902         {
1903             # with '};' inside yt initial data (see [1])
1904             # see [2] for an example with '};' inside ytInitialPlayerResponse
1905             # 1. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27093
1906             # 2. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27216
1907             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHqg6qOn4no',
1908             'info_dict': {
1909                 'id': 'CHqg6qOn4no',
1910                 'ext': 'mp4',
1911                 'title': 'Part 77   Sort a list of simple types in c#',
1912                 'description': 'md5:b8746fa52e10cdbf47997903f13b20dc',
1913                 'upload_date': '20130831',
1914                 'uploader_id': 'kudvenkat',
1915                 'uploader': 'kudvenkat',
1916                 'channel_id': 'UCCTVrRB5KpIiK6V2GGVsR1Q',
1917                 'like_count': int,
1918                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/kudvenkat',
1919                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCTVrRB5KpIiK6V2GGVsR1Q',
1920                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1921                 'categories': ['Education'],
1922                 'availability': 'public',
1923                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/CHqg6qOn4no/sddefault.jpg',
1924                 'tags': 'count:12',
1925                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1926                 'age_limit': 0,
1927                 'view_count': int,
1928                 'duration': 522,
1929                 'channel': 'kudvenkat',
1930                 'comment_count': int,
1931                 'channel_follower_count': int
1932             },
1933             'params': {
1934                 'skip_download': True,
1935             },
1936         },
1937         {
1938             # another example of '};' in ytInitialData
1939             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfgbahppCY',
1940             'only_matching': True,
1941         },
1942         {
1943             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=63RmMXCd_bQ',
1944             'only_matching': True,
1945         },
1946         {
1947             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/28094
1948             'url': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
1949             'info_dict': {
1950                 'id': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
1951                 'ext': 'mp4',
1952                 'title': 'Burn Out',
1953                 'description': 'md5:8d07b84dcbcbfb34bc12a56d968b6131',
1954                 'upload_date': '20141120',
1955                 'uploader': 'The Cinematic Orchestra - Topic',
1956                 'uploader_id': 'UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
1957                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
1958                 'artist': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
1959                 'track': 'Burn Out',
1960                 'album': 'Every Day',
1961                 'like_count': int,
1962                 'live_status': 'not_live',
1963                 'alt_title': 'Burn Out',
1964                 'duration': 614,
1965                 'age_limit': 0,
1966                 'view_count': int,
1967                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
1968                 'creator': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
1969                 'channel': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
1970                 'tags': ['The Cinematic Orchestra', 'Every Day', 'Burn Out'],
1971                 'channel_id': 'UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
1972                 'availability': 'public',
1973                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/OtqTfy26tG0/maxresdefault.jpg',
1974                 'categories': ['Music'],
1975                 'playable_in_embed': True,
1976                 'channel_follower_count': int
1977             },
1978             'params': {
1979                 'skip_download': True,
1980             },
1981         },
1982         {
1983             # controversial video, only works with bpctr when authenticated with cookies
1984             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGC3D_FkCmg',
1985             'only_matching': True,
1986         },
1987         {
1988             # controversial video, requires bpctr/contentCheckOk
1989             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZJvDhaSDnc',
1990             'info_dict': {
1991                 'id': 'SZJvDhaSDnc',
1992                 'ext': 'mp4',
1993                 'title': 'San Diego teen commits suicide after bullying over embarrassing video',
1994                 'channel_id': 'UC-SJ6nODDmufqBzPBwCvYvQ',
1995                 'uploader': 'CBS Mornings',
1996                 'uploader_id': 'CBSThisMorning',
1997                 'upload_date': '20140716',
1998                 'description': 'md5:acde3a73d3f133fc97e837a9f76b53b7',
1999                 'duration': 170,
2000                 'categories': ['News & Politics'],
2001                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/CBSThisMorning',
2002                 'view_count': int,
2003                 'channel': 'CBS Mornings',
2004                 'tags': ['suicide', 'bullying', 'video', 'cbs', 'news'],
2005                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SZJvDhaSDnc/hqdefault.jpg',
2006                 'age_limit': 18,
2007                 'availability': 'needs_auth',
2008                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-SJ6nODDmufqBzPBwCvYvQ',
2009                 'like_count': int,
2010                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2011                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2012                 'channel_follower_count': int
2013             }
2014         },
2015         {
2016             # restricted location, https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28685
2017             'url': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
2018             'info_dict': {
2019                 'id': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
2020                 'ext': 'mp4',
2021                 'title': '4K Ueno Okachimachi  Street  Scenes  上野御徒町歩き',
2022                 'description': 'md5:ea770e474b7cd6722b4c95b833c03630',
2023                 'upload_date': '20201120',
2024                 'uploader': 'Walk around Japan',
2025                 'uploader_id': 'UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
2026                 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
2027                 'duration': 1456,
2028                 'categories': ['Travel & Events'],
2029                 'channel_id': 'UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
2030                 'view_count': int,
2031                 'channel': 'Walk around Japan',
2032                 'tags': ['Ueno Tokyo', 'Okachimachi Tokyo', 'Ameyoko Street', 'Tokyo attraction', 'Travel in Tokyo'],
2033                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/cBvYw8_A0vQ/hqdefault.webp',
2034                 'age_limit': 0,
2035                 'availability': 'public',
2036                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
2037                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2038                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2039                 'channel_follower_count': int
2040             },
2041             'params': {
2042                 'skip_download': True,
2043             },
2044         }, {
2045             # Has multiple audio streams
2046             'url': 'WaOKSUlf4TM',
2047             'only_matching': True
2048         }, {
2049             # Requires Premium: has format 141 when requested using YTM url
2050             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=XclachpHxis',
2051             'only_matching': True
2052         }, {
2053             # multiple subtitles with same lang_code
2054             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wsQiKKfKxug',
2055             'only_matching': True,
2056         }, {
2057             # Force use android client fallback
2058             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOelRv7fMxY',
2059             'info_dict': {
2060                 'id': 'YOelRv7fMxY',
2061                 'title': 'DIGGING A SECRET TUNNEL Part 1',
2062                 'ext': '3gp',
2063                 'upload_date': '20210624',
2064                 'channel_id': 'UCp68_FLety0O-n9QU6phsgw',
2065                 'uploader': 'colinfurze',
2066                 'uploader_id': 'colinfurze',
2067                 'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCp68_FLety0O-n9QU6phsgw',
2068                 'description': 'md5:5d5991195d599b56cd0c4148907eec50',
2069                 'duration': 596,
2070                 'categories': ['Entertainment'],
2071                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/colinfurze',
2072                 'view_count': int,
2073                 'channel': 'colinfurze',
2074                 'tags': ['Colin', 'furze', 'Terry', 'tunnel', 'underground', 'bunker'],
2075                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/YOelRv7fMxY/maxresdefault.jpg',
2076                 'age_limit': 0,
2077                 'availability': 'public',
2078                 'like_count': int,
2079                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2080                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2081                 'channel_follower_count': int
2082             },
2083             'params': {
2084                 'format': '17',  # 3gp format available on android
2085                 'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_client': ['android']}},
2086             },
2087         },
2088         {
2089             # Skip download of additional client configs (remix client config in this case)
2090             'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
2091             'only_matching': True,
2092             'params': {
2093                 'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_skip': ['configs']}},
2094             },
2095         }, {
2096             # shorts
2097             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BGQWPY4IigY',
2098             'only_matching': True,
2099         }, {
2100             'note': 'Storyboards',
2101             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KLPxDtMqe8',
2102             'info_dict': {
2103                 'id': '5KLPxDtMqe8',
2104                 'ext': 'mhtml',
2105                 'format_id': 'sb0',
2106                 'title': 'Your Brain is Plastic',
2107                 'uploader_id': 'scishow',
2108                 'description': 'md5:89cd86034bdb5466cd87c6ba206cd2bc',
2109                 'upload_date': '20140324',
2110                 'uploader': 'SciShow',
2111                 'like_count': int,
2112                 'channel_id': 'UCZYTClx2T1of7BRZ86-8fow',
2113                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZYTClx2T1of7BRZ86-8fow',
2114                 'view_count': int,
2115                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/5KLPxDtMqe8/maxresdefault.jpg',
2116                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2117                 'tags': 'count:12',
2118                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/scishow',
2119                 'availability': 'public',
2120                 'channel': 'SciShow',
2121                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2122                 'duration': 248,
2123                 'categories': ['Education'],
2124                 'age_limit': 0,
2125                 'channel_follower_count': int
2126             }, 'params': {'format': 'mhtml', 'skip_download': True}
2127         }, {
2128             # Ensure video upload_date is in UTC timezone (video was uploaded 1641170939)
2129             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NUZ8W2llS4',
2130             'info_dict': {
2131                 'id': '2NUZ8W2llS4',
2132                 'ext': 'mp4',
2133                 'title': 'The NP that test your phone performance 🙂',
2134                 'description': 'md5:144494b24d4f9dfacb97c1bbef5de84d',
2135                 'uploader': 'Leon Nguyen',
2136                 'uploader_id': 'VNSXIII',
2137                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/VNSXIII',
2138                 'channel_id': 'UCRqNBSOHgilHfAczlUmlWHA',
2139                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRqNBSOHgilHfAczlUmlWHA',
2140                 'duration': 21,
2141                 'view_count': int,
2142                 'age_limit': 0,
2143                 'categories': ['Gaming'],
2144                 'tags': 'count:23',
2145                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2146                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2147                 'upload_date': '20220103',
2148                 'like_count': int,
2149                 'availability': 'public',
2150                 'channel': 'Leon Nguyen',
2151                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/2NUZ8W2llS4/maxresdefault.webp',
2152                 'comment_count': int,
2153                 'channel_follower_count': int
2154             }
2155         }, {
2156             # date text is premiered video, ensure upload date in UTC (published 1641172509)
2157             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzZzzBU6lrM',
2158             'info_dict': {
2159                 'id': 'mzZzzBU6lrM',
2160                 'ext': 'mp4',
2161                 'title': 'I Met GeorgeNotFound In Real Life...',
2162                 'description': 'md5:cca98a355c7184e750f711f3a1b22c84',
2163                 'uploader': 'Quackity',
2164                 'uploader_id': 'QuackityHQ',
2165                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/QuackityHQ',
2166                 'channel_id': 'UC_8NknAFiyhOUaZqHR3lq3Q',
2167                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_8NknAFiyhOUaZqHR3lq3Q',
2168                 'duration': 955,
2169                 'view_count': int,
2170                 'age_limit': 0,
2171                 'categories': ['Entertainment'],
2172                 'tags': 'count:26',
2173                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2174                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2175                 'release_timestamp': 1641172509,
2176                 'release_date': '20220103',
2177                 'upload_date': '20220103',
2178                 'like_count': int,
2179                 'availability': 'public',
2180                 'channel': 'Quackity',
2181                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/mzZzzBU6lrM/maxresdefault.jpg',
2182                 'channel_follower_count': int
2183             }
2184         },
2185         {   # continuous livestream. Microformat upload date should be preferred.
2186             # Upload date was 2021-06-19 (not UTC), while stream start is 2021-11-27
2187             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgx4WGK0oNU',
2188             'info_dict': {
2189                 'id': 'kgx4WGK0oNU',
2190                 'title': r're:jazz\/lofi hip hop radio🌱chill beats to relax\/study to \[LIVE 24\/7\] \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}',
2191                 'ext': 'mp4',
2192                 'channel_id': 'UC84whx2xxsiA1gXHXXqKGOA',
2193                 'availability': 'public',
2194                 'age_limit': 0,
2195                 'release_timestamp': 1637975704,
2196                 'upload_date': '20210619',
2197                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC84whx2xxsiA1gXHXXqKGOA',
2198                 'live_status': 'is_live',
2199                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/kgx4WGK0oNU/maxresdefault.jpg',
2200                 'uploader': '阿鲍Abao',
2201                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC84whx2xxsiA1gXHXXqKGOA',
2202                 'channel': 'Abao in Tokyo',
2203                 'channel_follower_count': int,
2204                 'release_date': '20211127',
2205                 'tags': 'count:39',
2206                 'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
2207                 'like_count': int,
2208                 'uploader_id': 'UC84whx2xxsiA1gXHXXqKGOA',
2209                 'view_count': int,
2210                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2211                 'description': 'md5:2ef1d002cad520f65825346e2084e49d',
2212             },
2213             'params': {'skip_download': True}
2214         }, {
2215             # Story. Requires specific player params to work.
2216             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vv8qTUWmulI',
2217             'info_dict': {
2218                 'id': 'vv8qTUWmulI',
2219                 'ext': 'mp4',
2220                 'availability': 'unlisted',
2221                 'view_count': int,
2222                 'channel_id': 'UCzIZ8HrzDgc-pNQDUG6avBA',
2223                 'upload_date': '20220526',
2224                 'categories': ['Education'],
2225                 'title': 'Story',
2226                 'channel': 'IT\'S HISTORY',
2227                 'description': '',
2228                 'uploader_id': 'BlastfromthePast',
2229                 'duration': 12,
2230                 'uploader': 'IT\'S HISTORY',
2231                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2232                 'age_limit': 0,
2233                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2234                 'tags': [],
2235                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/vv8qTUWmulI/maxresdefault.webp',
2236                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/BlastfromthePast',
2237                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzIZ8HrzDgc-pNQDUG6avBA',
2238             },
2239             'skip': 'stories get removed after some period of time',
2240         }, {
2241             'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tjjjtzRLHvA',
2242             'info_dict': {
2243                 'id': 'tjjjtzRLHvA',
2244                 'ext': 'mp4',
2245                 'title': 'ハッシュタグ無し };if window.ytcsi',
2246                 'upload_date': '20220323',
2247                 'like_count': int,
2248                 'availability': 'unlisted',
2249                 'channel': 'nao20010128nao',
2250                 'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/tjjjtzRLHvA/maxresdefault.webp',
2251                 'age_limit': 0,
2252                 'uploader': 'nao20010128nao',
2253                 'uploader_id': 'nao20010128nao',
2254                 'categories': ['Music'],
2255                 'view_count': int,
2256                 'description': '',
2257                 'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdqltm_7iv1Vs6kp6Syke5A',
2258                 'channel_id': 'UCdqltm_7iv1Vs6kp6Syke5A',
2259                 'live_status': 'not_live',
2260                 'playable_in_embed': True,
2261                 'channel_follower_count': int,
2262                 'duration': 6,
2263                 'tags': [],
2264                 'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/nao20010128nao',
2265             }
2266         }
2267     ]
2268
2269     @classmethod
2270     def suitable(cls, url):
2271         from ..utils import parse_qs
2272
2273         qs = parse_qs(url)
2274         if qs.get('list', [None])[0]:
2275             return False
2276         return super().suitable(url)
2277
2278     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
2279         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
2280         self._code_cache = {}
2281         self._player_cache = {}
2282
2283     def _prepare_live_from_start_formats(self, formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data):
2284         lock = threading.Lock()
2285
2286         is_live = True
2287         start_time = time.time()
2288         formats = [f for f in formats if f.get('is_from_start')]
2289
2290         def refetch_manifest(format_id, delay):
2291             nonlocal formats, start_time, is_live
2292             if time.time() <= start_time + delay:
2293                 return
2294
2295             _, _, prs, player_url = self._download_player_responses(url, smuggled_data, video_id, webpage_url)
2296             video_details = traverse_obj(
2297                 prs, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
2298             microformats = traverse_obj(
2299                 prs, (..., 'microformat', 'playerMicroformatRenderer'),
2300                 expected_type=dict, default=[])
2301             _, is_live, _, formats = self._list_formats(video_id, microformats, video_details, prs, player_url)
2302             start_time = time.time()
2303
2304         def mpd_feed(format_id, delay):
2305             """
2306             @returns (manifest_url, manifest_stream_number, is_live) or None
2307             """
2308             with lock:
2309                 refetch_manifest(format_id, delay)
2310
2311             f = next((f for f in formats if f['format_id'] == format_id), None)
2312             if not f:
2313                 if not is_live:
2314                     self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: Video is no longer live')
2315                 else:
2316                     self.report_warning(
2317                         f'Cannot find refreshed manifest for format {format_id}{bug_reports_message()}')
2318                 return None
2319             return f['manifest_url'], f['manifest_stream_number'], is_live
2320
2321         for f in formats:
2322             f['is_live'] = True
2323             f['protocol'] = 'http_dash_segments_generator'
2324             f['fragments'] = functools.partial(
2325                 self._live_dash_fragments, f['format_id'], live_start_time, mpd_feed)
2326
2327     def _live_dash_fragments(self, format_id, live_start_time, mpd_feed, ctx):
2328         FETCH_SPAN, MAX_DURATION = 5, 432000
2329
2330         mpd_url, stream_number, is_live = None, None, True
2331
2332         begin_index = 0
2333         download_start_time = ctx.get('start') or time.time()
2334
2335         lack_early_segments = download_start_time - (live_start_time or download_start_time) > MAX_DURATION
2336         if lack_early_segments:
2337             self.report_warning(bug_reports_message(
2338                 'Starting download from the last 120 hours of the live stream since '
2339                 'YouTube does not have data before that. If you think this is wrong,'), only_once=True)
2340             lack_early_segments = True
2341
2342         known_idx, no_fragment_score, last_segment_url = begin_index, 0, None
2343         fragments, fragment_base_url = None, None
2344
2345         def _extract_sequence_from_mpd(refresh_sequence, immediate):
2346             nonlocal mpd_url, stream_number, is_live, no_fragment_score, fragments, fragment_base_url
2347             # Obtain from MPD's maximum seq value
2348             old_mpd_url = mpd_url
2349             last_error = ctx.pop('last_error', None)
2350             expire_fast = immediate or last_error and isinstance(last_error, urllib.error.HTTPError) and last_error.code == 403
2351             mpd_url, stream_number, is_live = (mpd_feed(format_id, 5 if expire_fast else 18000)
2352                                                or (mpd_url, stream_number, False))
2353             if not refresh_sequence:
2354                 if expire_fast and not is_live:
2355                     return False, last_seq
2356                 elif old_mpd_url == mpd_url:
2357                     return True, last_seq
2358             try:
2359                 fmts, _ = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
2360                     mpd_url, None, note=False, errnote=False, fatal=False)
2361             except ExtractorError:
2362                 fmts = None
2363             if not fmts:
2364                 no_fragment_score += 2
2365                 return False, last_seq
2366             fmt_info = next(x for x in fmts if x['manifest_stream_number'] == stream_number)
2367             fragments = fmt_info['fragments']
2368             fragment_base_url = fmt_info['fragment_base_url']
2369             assert fragment_base_url
2370
2371             _last_seq = int(re.search(r'(?:/|^)sq/(\d+)', fragments[-1]['path']).group(1))
2372             return True, _last_seq
2373
2374         while is_live:
2375             fetch_time = time.time()
2376             if no_fragment_score > 30:
2377                 return
2378             if last_segment_url:
2379                 # Obtain from "X-Head-Seqnum" header value from each segment
2380                 try:
2381                     urlh = self._request_webpage(
2382                         last_segment_url, None, note=False, errnote=False, fatal=False)
2383                 except ExtractorError:
2384                     urlh = None
2385                 last_seq = try_get(urlh, lambda x: int_or_none(x.headers['X-Head-Seqnum']))
2386                 if last_seq is None:
2387                     no_fragment_score += 2
2388                     last_segment_url = None
2389                     continue
2390             else:
2391                 should_continue, last_seq = _extract_sequence_from_mpd(True, no_fragment_score > 15)
2392                 no_fragment_score += 2
2393                 if not should_continue:
2394                     continue
2395
2396             if known_idx > last_seq:
2397                 last_segment_url = None
2398                 continue
2399
2400             last_seq += 1
2401
2402             if begin_index < 0 and known_idx < 0:
2403                 # skip from the start when it's negative value
2404                 known_idx = last_seq + begin_index
2405             if lack_early_segments:
2406                 known_idx = max(known_idx, last_seq - int(MAX_DURATION // fragments[-1]['duration']))
2407             try:
2408                 for idx in range(known_idx, last_seq):
2409                     # do not update sequence here or you'll get skipped some part of it
2410                     should_continue, _ = _extract_sequence_from_mpd(False, False)
2411                     if not should_continue:
2412                         known_idx = idx - 1
2413                         raise ExtractorError('breaking out of outer loop')
2414                     last_segment_url = urljoin(fragment_base_url, 'sq/%d' % idx)
2415                     yield {
2416                         'url': last_segment_url,
2417                         'fragment_count': last_seq,
2418                     }
2419                 if known_idx == last_seq:
2420                     no_fragment_score += 5
2421                 else:
2422                     no_fragment_score = 0
2423                 known_idx = last_seq
2424             except ExtractorError:
2425                 continue
2426
2427             time.sleep(max(0, FETCH_SPAN + fetch_time - time.time()))
2428
2429     def _extract_player_url(self, *ytcfgs, webpage=None):
2430         player_url = traverse_obj(
2431             ytcfgs, (..., 'PLAYER_JS_URL'), (..., 'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'jsUrl'),
2432             get_all=False, expected_type=str)
2433         if not player_url:
2434             return
2435         return urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
2436
2437     def _download_player_url(self, video_id, fatal=False):
2438         res = self._download_webpage(
2439             'https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api',
2440             note='Downloading iframe API JS', video_id=video_id, fatal=fatal)
2441         if res:
2442             player_version = self._search_regex(
2443                 r'player\\?/([0-9a-fA-F]{8})\\?/', res, 'player version', fatal=fatal)
2444             if player_version:
2445                 return f'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/{player_version}/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js'
2446
2447     def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
2448         """ Return a string representation of a signature """
2449         return '.'.join(str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
2450
2451     @classmethod
2452     def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
2453         for player_re in cls._PLAYER_INFO_RE:
2454             id_m = re.search(player_re, player_url)
2455             if id_m:
2456                 break
2457         else:
2458             raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
2459         return id_m.group('id')
2460
2461     def _load_player(self, video_id, player_url, fatal=True):
2462         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
2463         if player_id not in self._code_cache:
2464             code = self._download_webpage(
2465                 player_url, video_id, fatal=fatal,
2466                 note='Downloading player ' + player_id,
2467                 errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
2468             if code:
2469                 self._code_cache[player_id] = code
2470         return self._code_cache.get(player_id)
2471
2472     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
2473         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
2474
2475         # Read from filesystem cache
2476         func_id = f'js_{player_id}_{self._signature_cache_id(example_sig)}'
2477         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
2478
2479         self.write_debug(f'Extracting signature function {func_id}')
2480         cache_spec = self.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
2481         if cache_spec is not None:
2482             return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
2483
2484         code = self._load_player(video_id, player_url)
2485         if code:
2486             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
2487
2488             test_string = ''.join(map(chr, range(len(example_sig))))
2489             cache_res = res(test_string)
2490             cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
2491
2492             self.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
2493             return res
2494
2495     def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
2496         if not self.get_param('youtube_print_sig_code'):
2497             return
2498
2499         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
2500             def _genslice(start, end, step):
2501                 starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
2502                 ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
2503                 steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
2504                 return f's[{starts}{ends}{steps}]'
2505
2506             step = None
2507             # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
2508             start = '(Never used)'
2509             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
2510                 if step is not None:
2511                     if i - prev == step:
2512                         continue
2513                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
2514                     step = None
2515                     continue
2516                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
2517                     step = i - prev
2518                     start = prev
2519                     continue
2520                 else:
2521                     yield 's[%d]' % prev
2522             if step is None:
2523                 yield 's[%d]' % i
2524             else:
2525                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
2526
2527         test_string = ''.join(map(chr, range(len(example_sig))))
2528         cache_res = func(test_string)
2529         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
2530         expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
2531         signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
2532             ', '.join(str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
2533         code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
2534                 '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
2535         self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
2536
2537     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
2538         funcname = self._search_regex(
2539             (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2540              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2541              r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
2542              r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
2543              r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
2544              r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2,})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
2545              r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
2546              # Obsolete patterns
2547              r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2548              r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2549              r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2550              r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2551              r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2552              r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2553              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
2554              r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
2555             jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
2556
2557         jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
2558         initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
2559         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
2560
2561     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url):
2562         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
2563         try:
2564             player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
2565             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
2566                 func = self._extract_signature_function(video_id, player_url, s)
2567                 self._player_cache[player_id] = func
2568             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
2569             self._print_sig_code(func, s)
2570             return func(s)
2571         except Exception as e:
2572             raise ExtractorError(traceback.format_exc(), cause=e, video_id=video_id)
2573
2574     def _decrypt_nsig(self, s, video_id, player_url):
2575         """Turn the encrypted n field into a working signature"""
2576         if player_url is None:
2577             raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt nsig without player_url')
2578         player_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
2579
2580         sig_id = ('nsig_value', s)
2581         if sig_id in self._player_cache:
2582             return self._player_cache[sig_id]
2583
2584         try:
2585             player_id = ('nsig', player_url)
2586             if player_id not in self._player_cache:
2587                 self._player_cache[player_id] = self._extract_n_function(video_id, player_url)
2588             func = self._player_cache[player_id]
2589             self._player_cache[sig_id] = func(s)
2590             self.write_debug(f'Decrypted nsig {s} => {self._player_cache[sig_id]}')
2591             return self._player_cache[sig_id]
2592         except Exception as e:
2593             raise ExtractorError(traceback.format_exc(), cause=e, video_id=video_id)
2594
2595     def _extract_n_function_name(self, jscode):
2596         nfunc, idx = self._search_regex(
2597             r'\.get\("n"\)\)&&\(b=(?P<nfunc>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)(?:\[(?P<idx>\d+)\])?\([a-zA-Z0-9]\)',
2598             jscode, 'Initial JS player n function name', group=('nfunc', 'idx'))
2599         if not idx:
2600             return nfunc
2601         return json.loads(js_to_json(self._search_regex(
2602             rf'var {re.escape(nfunc)}\s*=\s*(\[.+?\]);', jscode,
2603             f'Initial JS player n function list ({nfunc}.{idx})')))[int(idx)]
2604
2605     def _extract_n_function(self, video_id, player_url):
2606         player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
2607         func_code = self.cache.load('youtube-nsig', player_id)
2608
2609         if func_code:
2610             jsi = JSInterpreter(func_code)
2611         else:
2612             jscode = self._load_player(video_id, player_url)
2613             funcname = self._extract_n_function_name(jscode)
2614             jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
2615             func_code = jsi.extract_function_code(funcname)
2616             self.cache.store('youtube-nsig', player_id, func_code)
2617
2618         if self.get_param('youtube_print_sig_code'):
2619             self.to_screen(f'Extracted nsig function from {player_id}:\n{func_code[1]}\n')
2620
2621         return lambda s: jsi.extract_function_from_code(*func_code)([s])
2622
2623     def _extract_signature_timestamp(self, video_id, player_url, ytcfg=None, fatal=False):
2624         """
2625         Extract signatureTimestamp (sts)
2626         Required to tell API what sig/player version is in use.
2627         """
2628         sts = None
2629         if isinstance(ytcfg, dict):
2630             sts = int_or_none(ytcfg.get('STS'))
2631
2632         if not sts:
2633             # Attempt to extract from player
2634             if player_url is None:
2635                 error_msg = 'Cannot extract signature timestamp without player_url.'
2636                 if fatal:
2637                     raise ExtractorError(error_msg)
2638                 self.report_warning(error_msg)
2639                 return
2640             code = self._load_player(video_id, player_url, fatal=fatal)
2641             if code:
2642                 sts = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
2643                     r'(?:signatureTimestamp|sts)\s*:\s*(?P<sts>[0-9]{5})', code,
2644                     'JS player signature timestamp', group='sts', fatal=fatal))
2645         return sts
2646
2647     def _mark_watched(self, video_id, player_responses):
2648         for is_full, key in enumerate(('videostatsPlaybackUrl', 'videostatsWatchtimeUrl')):
2649             label = 'fully ' if is_full else ''
2650             url = get_first(player_responses, ('playbackTracking', key, 'baseUrl'),
2651                             expected_type=url_or_none)
2652             if not url:
2653                 self.report_warning(f'Unable to mark {label}watched')
2654                 return
2655             parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
2656             qs = urllib.parse.parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
2657
2658             # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
2659             # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
2660             CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
2661             cpn = ''.join(CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16))
2662
2663             # # more consistent results setting it to right before the end
2664             video_length = [str(float((qs.get('len') or ['1.5'])[0]) - 1)]
2665
2666             qs.update({
2667                 'ver': ['2'],
2668                 'cpn': [cpn],
2669                 'cmt': video_length,
2670                 'el': 'detailpage',  # otherwise defaults to "shorts"
2671             })
2672
2673             if is_full:
2674                 # these seem to mark watchtime "history" in the real world
2675                 # they're required, so send in a single value
2676                 qs.update({
2677                     'st': video_length,
2678                     'et': video_length,
2679                 })
2680
2681             url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(
2682                 parsed_url._replace(query=urllib.parse.urlencode(qs, True)))
2683
2684             self._download_webpage(
2685                 url, video_id, f'Marking {label}watched',
2686                 'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
2687
2688     @staticmethod
2689     def _extract_urls(webpage):
2690         # Embedded YouTube player
2691         entries = [
2692             unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
2693             for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
2694             (?:
2695                 <iframe[^>]+?src=|
2696                 data-video-url=|
2697                 <embed[^>]+?src=|
2698                 embedSWF\(?:\s*|
2699                 <object[^>]+data=|
2700                 new\s+SWFObject\(
2701             )
2702             (["\'])
2703                 (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
2704                 (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
2705             \1''', webpage)]
2706
2707         # lazyYT YouTube embed
2708         entries.extend(list(map(
2709             unescapeHTML,
2710             re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
2711
2712         # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
2713         matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
2714             class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
2715             data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
2716         entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
2717
2718         return entries
2719
2720     @staticmethod
2721     def _extract_url(webpage):
2722         urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
2723         return urls[0] if urls else None
2724
2725     @classmethod
2726     def extract_id(cls, url):
2727         video_id = cls.get_temp_id(url)
2728         if not video_id:
2729             raise ExtractorError(f'Invalid URL: {url}')
2730         return video_id
2731
2732     def _extract_chapters_from_json(self, data, duration):
2733         chapter_list = traverse_obj(
2734             data, (
2735                 'playerOverlays', 'playerOverlayRenderer', 'decoratedPlayerBarRenderer',
2736                 'decoratedPlayerBarRenderer', 'playerBar', 'chapteredPlayerBarRenderer', 'chapters'
2737             ), expected_type=list)
2738
2739         return self._extract_chapters(
2740             chapter_list,
2741             chapter_time=lambda chapter: float_or_none(
2742                 traverse_obj(chapter, ('chapterRenderer', 'timeRangeStartMillis')), scale=1000),
2743             chapter_title=lambda chapter: traverse_obj(
2744                 chapter, ('chapterRenderer', 'title', 'simpleText'), expected_type=str),
2745             duration=duration)
2746
2747     def _extract_chapters_from_engagement_panel(self, data, duration):
2748         content_list = traverse_obj(
2749             data,
2750             ('engagementPanels', ..., 'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'content', 'macroMarkersListRenderer', 'contents'),
2751             expected_type=list, default=[])
2752         chapter_time = lambda chapter: parse_duration(self._get_text(chapter, 'timeDescription'))
2753         chapter_title = lambda chapter: self._get_text(chapter, 'title')
2754
2755         return next(filter(None, (
2756             self._extract_chapters(traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'macroMarkersListItemRenderer')),
2757                                    chapter_time, chapter_title, duration)
2758             for contents in content_list)), [])
2759
2760     def _extract_chapters_from_description(self, description, duration):
2761         return self._extract_chapters(
2762             re.findall(r'(?m)^((?:\d+:)?\d{1,2}:\d{2})\b\W*\s(.+?)\s*$', description or ''),
2763             chapter_time=lambda x: parse_duration(x[0]), chapter_title=lambda x: x[1],
2764             duration=duration, strict=False)
2765
2766     def _extract_chapters(self, chapter_list, chapter_time, chapter_title, duration, strict=True):
2767         if not duration:
2768             return
2769         chapter_list = [{
2770             'start_time': chapter_time(chapter),
2771             'title': chapter_title(chapter),
2772         } for chapter in chapter_list or []]
2773         if not strict:
2774             chapter_list.sort(key=lambda c: c['start_time'] or 0)
2775
2776         chapters = [{'start_time': 0}]
2777         for idx, chapter in enumerate(chapter_list):
2778             if chapter['start_time'] is None:
2779                 self.report_warning(f'Incomplete chapter {idx}')
2780             elif chapters[-1]['start_time'] <= chapter['start_time'] <= duration:
2781                 chapters.append(chapter)
2782             else:
2783                 self.report_warning(f'Invalid start time for chapter "{chapter["title"]}"')
2784         return chapters[1:]
2785
2786     def _extract_comment(self, comment_renderer, parent=None):
2787         comment_id = comment_renderer.get('commentId')
2788         if not comment_id:
2789             return
2790
2791         text = self._get_text(comment_renderer, 'contentText')
2792
2793         # note: timestamp is an estimate calculated from the current time and time_text
2794         timestamp, time_text = self._extract_time_text(comment_renderer, 'publishedTimeText')
2795         author = self._get_text(comment_renderer, 'authorText')
2796         author_id = try_get(comment_renderer,
2797                             lambda x: x['authorEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['browseId'], str)
2798
2799         votes = parse_count(try_get(comment_renderer, (lambda x: x['voteCount']['simpleText'],
2800                                                        lambda x: x['likeCount']), str)) or 0
2801         author_thumbnail = try_get(comment_renderer,
2802                                    lambda x: x['authorThumbnail']['thumbnails'][-1]['url'], str)
2803
2804         author_is_uploader = try_get(comment_renderer, lambda x: x['authorIsChannelOwner'], bool)
2805         is_favorited = 'creatorHeart' in (try_get(
2806             comment_renderer, lambda x: x['actionButtons']['commentActionButtonsRenderer'], dict) or {})
2807         return {
2808             'id': comment_id,
2809             'text': text,
2810             'timestamp': timestamp,
2811             'time_text': time_text,
2812             'like_count': votes,
2813             'is_favorited': is_favorited,
2814             'author': author,
2815             'author_id': author_id,
2816             'author_thumbnail': author_thumbnail,
2817             'author_is_uploader': author_is_uploader,
2818             'parent': parent or 'root'
2819         }
2820
2821     def _comment_entries(self, root_continuation_data, ytcfg, video_id, parent=None, tracker=None):
2822
2823         get_single_config_arg = lambda c: self._configuration_arg(c, [''])[0]
2824
2825         def extract_header(contents):
2826             _continuation = None
2827             for content in contents:
2828                 comments_header_renderer = traverse_obj(content, 'commentsHeaderRenderer')
2829                 expected_comment_count = self._get_count(
2830                     comments_header_renderer, 'countText', 'commentsCount')
2831
2832                 if expected_comment_count:
2833                     tracker['est_total'] = expected_comment_count
2834                     self.to_screen(f'Downloading ~{expected_comment_count} comments')
2835                 comment_sort_index = int(get_single_config_arg('comment_sort') != 'top')  # 1 = new, 0 = top
2836
2837                 sort_menu_item = try_get(
2838                     comments_header_renderer,
2839                     lambda x: x['sortMenu']['sortFilterSubMenuRenderer']['subMenuItems'][comment_sort_index], dict) or {}
2840                 sort_continuation_ep = sort_menu_item.get('serviceEndpoint') or {}
2841
2842                 _continuation = self._extract_continuation_ep_data(sort_continuation_ep) or self._extract_continuation(sort_menu_item)
2843                 if not _continuation:
2844                     continue
2845
2846                 sort_text = str_or_none(sort_menu_item.get('title'))
2847                 if not sort_text:
2848                     sort_text = 'top comments' if comment_sort_index == 0 else 'newest first'
2849                 self.to_screen('Sorting comments by %s' % sort_text.lower())
2850                 break
2851             return _continuation
2852
2853         def extract_thread(contents):
2854             if not parent:
2855                 tracker['current_page_thread'] = 0
2856             for content in contents:
2857                 if not parent and tracker['total_parent_comments'] >= max_parents:
2858                     yield
2859                 comment_thread_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['commentThreadRenderer'])
2860                 comment_renderer = get_first(
2861                     (comment_thread_renderer, content), [['commentRenderer', ('comment', 'commentRenderer')]],
2862                     expected_type=dict, default={})
2863
2864                 comment = self._extract_comment(comment_renderer, parent)
2865                 if not comment:
2866                     continue
2867
2868                 tracker['running_total'] += 1
2869                 tracker['total_reply_comments' if parent else 'total_parent_comments'] += 1
2870                 yield comment
2871
2872                 # Attempt to get the replies
2873                 comment_replies_renderer = try_get(
2874                     comment_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['replies']['commentRepliesRenderer'], dict)
2875
2876                 if comment_replies_renderer:
2877                     tracker['current_page_thread'] += 1
2878                     comment_entries_iter = self._comment_entries(
2879                         comment_replies_renderer, ytcfg, video_id,
2880                         parent=comment.get('id'), tracker=tracker)
2881                     yield from itertools.islice(comment_entries_iter, min(
2882                         max_replies_per_thread, max(0, max_replies - tracker['total_reply_comments'])))
2883
2884         # Keeps track of counts across recursive calls
2885         if not tracker:
2886             tracker = dict(
2887                 running_total=0,
2888                 est_total=0,
2889                 current_page_thread=0,
2890                 total_parent_comments=0,
2891                 total_reply_comments=0)
2892
2893         # TODO: Deprecated
2894         # YouTube comments have a max depth of 2
2895         max_depth = int_or_none(get_single_config_arg('max_comment_depth'))
2896         if max_depth:
2897             self._downloader.deprecation_warning(
2898                 '[youtube] max_comment_depth extractor argument is deprecated. Set max replies in the max-comments extractor argument instead.')
2899         if max_depth == 1 and parent:
2900             return
2901
2902         max_comments, max_parents, max_replies, max_replies_per_thread, *_ = map(
2903             lambda p: int_or_none(p, default=sys.maxsize), self._configuration_arg('max_comments', ) + [''] * 4)
2904
2905         continuation = self._extract_continuation(root_continuation_data)
2906
2907         response = None
2908         is_forced_continuation = False
2909         is_first_continuation = parent is None
2910         if is_first_continuation and not continuation:
2911             # Sometimes you can get comments by generating the continuation yourself,
2912             # even if YouTube initially reports them being disabled - e.g. stories comments.
2913             # Note: if the comment section is actually disabled, YouTube may return a response with
2914             # required check_get_keys missing. So we will disable that check initially in this case.
2915             continuation = self._build_api_continuation_query(self._generate_comment_continuation(video_id))
2916             is_forced_continuation = True
2917
2918         for page_num in itertools.count(0):
2919             if not continuation:
2920                 break
2921             headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response))
2922             comment_prog_str = f"({tracker['running_total']}/{tracker['est_total']})"
2923             if page_num == 0:
2924                 if is_first_continuation:
2925                     note_prefix = 'Downloading comment section API JSON'
2926                 else:
2927                     note_prefix = '    Downloading comment API JSON reply thread %d %s' % (
2928                         tracker['current_page_thread'], comment_prog_str)
2929             else:
2930                 note_prefix = '%sDownloading comment%s API JSON page %d %s' % (
2931                     '       ' if parent else '', ' replies' if parent else '',
2932                     page_num, comment_prog_str)
2933
2934             response = self._extract_response(
2935                 item_id=None, query=continuation,
2936                 ep='next', ytcfg=ytcfg, headers=headers, note=note_prefix,
2937                 check_get_keys='onResponseReceivedEndpoints' if not is_forced_continuation else None)
2938             is_forced_continuation = False
2939             continuation_contents = traverse_obj(
2940                 response, 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints', expected_type=list, default=[])
2941
2942             continuation = None
2943             for continuation_section in continuation_contents:
2944                 continuation_items = traverse_obj(
2945                     continuation_section,
2946                     (('reloadContinuationItemsCommand', 'appendContinuationItemsAction'), 'continuationItems'),
2947                     get_all=False, expected_type=list) or []
2948                 if is_first_continuation:
2949                     continuation = extract_header(continuation_items)
2950                     is_first_continuation = False
2951                     if continuation:
2952                         break
2953                     continue
2954
2955                 for entry in extract_thread(continuation_items):
2956                     if not entry:
2957                         return
2958                     yield entry
2959                 continuation = self._extract_continuation({'contents': continuation_items})
2960                 if continuation:
2961                     break
2962
2963         message = self._get_text(root_continuation_data, ('contents', ..., 'messageRenderer', 'text'), max_runs=1)
2964         if message and not parent and tracker['running_total'] == 0:
2965             self.report_warning(f'Youtube said: {message}', video_id=video_id, only_once=True)
2966
2967     @staticmethod
2968     def _generate_comment_continuation(video_id):
2969         """
2970         Generates initial comment section continuation token from given video id
2971         """
2972         token = f'\x12\r\x12\x0b{video_id}\x18\x062\'"\x11"\x0b{video_id}0\x00x\x020\x00B\x10comments-section'
2973         return base64.b64encode(token.encode()).decode()
2974
2975     def _get_comments(self, ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage):
2976         """Entry for comment extraction"""
2977         def _real_comment_extract(contents):
2978             renderer = next((
2979                 item for item in traverse_obj(contents, (..., 'itemSectionRenderer'), default={})
2980                 if item.get('sectionIdentifier') == 'comment-item-section'), None)
2981             yield from self._comment_entries(renderer, ytcfg, video_id)
2982
2983         max_comments = int_or_none(self._configuration_arg('max_comments', [''])[0])
2984         return itertools.islice(_real_comment_extract(contents), 0, max_comments)
2985
2986     @staticmethod
2987     def _get_checkok_params():
2988         return {'contentCheckOk': True, 'racyCheckOk': True}
2989
2990     @classmethod
2991     def _generate_player_context(cls, sts=None):
2992         context = {
2993             'html5Preference': 'HTML5_PREF_WANTS',
2994         }
2995         if sts is not None:
2996             context['signatureTimestamp'] = sts
2997         return {
2998             'playbackContext': {
2999                 'contentPlaybackContext': context
3000             },
3001             **cls._get_checkok_params()
3002         }
3003
3004     @staticmethod
3005     def _is_agegated(player_response):
3006         if traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'desktopLegacyAgeGateReason')):
3007             return True
3008
3009         reasons = traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', ('status', 'reason')), default=[])
3010         AGE_GATE_REASONS = (
3011             'confirm your age', 'age-restricted', 'inappropriate',  # reason
3012             'age_verification_required', 'age_check_required',  # status
3013         )
3014         return any(expected in reason for expected in AGE_GATE_REASONS for reason in reasons)
3015
3016     @staticmethod
3017     def _is_unplayable(player_response):
3018         return traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'status')) == 'UNPLAYABLE'
3019
3020     def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url, initial_pr):
3021
3022         session_index = self._extract_session_index(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg)
3023         syncid = self._extract_account_syncid(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg, initial_pr)
3024         sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False) if player_url else None
3025         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
3026             ytcfg=player_ytcfg, account_syncid=syncid, session_index=session_index, default_client=client)
3027
3028         yt_query = {
3029             'videoId': video_id,
3030             'params': '8AEB'  # enable stories
3031         }
3032         yt_query.update(self._generate_player_context(sts))
3033         return self._extract_response(
3034             item_id=video_id, ep='player', query=yt_query,
3035             ytcfg=player_ytcfg, headers=headers, fatal=True,
3036             default_client=client,
3037             note='Downloading %s player API JSON' % client.replace('_', ' ').strip()
3038         ) or None
3039
3040     def _get_requested_clients(self, url, smuggled_data):
3041         requested_clients = []
3042         default = ['android', 'web']
3043         allowed_clients = sorted(
3044             (client for client in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS.keys() if client[:1] != '_'),
3045             key=lambda client: INNERTUBE_CLIENTS[client]['priority'], reverse=True)
3046         for client in self._configuration_arg('player_client'):
3047             if client in allowed_clients:
3048                 requested_clients.append(client)
3049             elif client == 'default':
3050                 requested_clients.extend(default)
3051             elif client == 'all':
3052                 requested_clients.extend(allowed_clients)
3053             else:
3054                 self.report_warning(f'Skipping unsupported client {client}')
3055         if not requested_clients:
3056             requested_clients = default
3057
3058         if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url') or self.is_music_url(url):
3059             requested_clients.extend(
3060                 f'{client}_music' for client in requested_clients if f'{client}_music' in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS)
3061
3062         return orderedSet(requested_clients)
3063
3064     def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg):
3065         initial_pr = None
3066         if webpage:
3067             initial_pr = self._search_json(
3068                 self._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE, webpage, 'initial player response', video_id, fatal=False)
3069
3070         all_clients = set(clients)
3071         clients = clients[::-1]
3072         prs = []
3073
3074         def append_client(*client_names):
3075             """ Append the first client name that exists but not already used """
3076             for client_name in client_names:
3077                 actual_client = _split_innertube_client(client_name)[0]
3078                 if actual_client in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS:
3079                     if actual_client not in all_clients:
3080                         clients.append(client_name)
3081                         all_clients.add(actual_client)
3082                         return
3083
3084         # Android player_response does not have microFormats which are needed for
3085         # extraction of some data. So we return the initial_pr with formats
3086         # stripped out even if not requested by the user
3087         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/501
3088         if initial_pr:
3089             pr = dict(initial_pr)
3090             pr['streamingData'] = None
3091             prs.append(pr)
3092
3093         last_error = None
3094         tried_iframe_fallback = False
3095         player_url = None
3096         while clients:
3097             client, base_client, variant = _split_innertube_client(clients.pop())
3098             player_ytcfg = master_ytcfg if client == 'web' else {}
3099             if 'configs' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip') and client != 'web':
3100                 player_ytcfg = self._download_ytcfg(client, video_id) or player_ytcfg
3101
3102             player_url = player_url or self._extract_player_url(master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, webpage=webpage)
3103             require_js_player = self._get_default_ytcfg(client).get('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER')
3104             if 'js' in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
3105                 require_js_player = False
3106                 player_url = None
3107
3108             if not player_url and not tried_iframe_fallback and require_js_player:
3109                 player_url = self._download_player_url(video_id)
3110                 tried_iframe_fallback = True
3111
3112             try:
3113                 pr = initial_pr if client == 'web' and initial_pr else self._extract_player_response(
3114                     client, video_id, player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url if require_js_player else None, initial_pr)
3115             except ExtractorError as e:
3116                 if last_error:
3117                     self.report_warning(last_error)
3118                 last_error = e
3119                 continue
3120
3121             if pr:
3122                 prs.append(pr)
3123
3124             # creator clients can bypass AGE_VERIFICATION_REQUIRED if logged in
3125             if variant == 'embedded' and self._is_unplayable(pr) and self.is_authenticated:
3126                 append_client(f'{base_client}_creator')
3127             elif self._is_agegated(pr):
3128                 if variant == 'tv_embedded':
3129                     append_client(f'{base_client}_embedded')
3130                 elif not variant:
3131                     append_client(f'tv_embedded.{base_client}', f'{base_client}_embedded')
3132
3133         if last_error:
3134             if not len(prs):
3135                 raise last_error
3136             self.report_warning(last_error)
3137         return prs, player_url
3138
3139     def _extract_formats(self, streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live, duration):
3140         itags, stream_ids = {}, []
3141         itag_qualities, res_qualities = {}, {}
3142         q = qualities([
3143             # Normally tiny is the smallest video-only formats. But
3144             # audio-only formats with unknown quality may get tagged as tiny
3145             'tiny',
3146             'audio_quality_ultralow', 'audio_quality_low', 'audio_quality_medium', 'audio_quality_high',  # Audio only formats
3147             'small', 'medium', 'large', 'hd720', 'hd1080', 'hd1440', 'hd2160', 'hd2880', 'highres'
3148         ])
3149         streaming_formats = traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., ('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ...), default=[])
3150
3151         for fmt in streaming_formats:
3152             if fmt.get('targetDurationSec'):
3153                 continue
3154
3155             itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
3156             audio_track = fmt.get('audioTrack') or {}
3157             stream_id = '%s.%s' % (itag or '', audio_track.get('id', ''))
3158             if stream_id in stream_ids:
3159                 continue
3160
3161             quality = fmt.get('quality')
3162             height = int_or_none(fmt.get('height'))
3163             if quality == 'tiny' or not quality:
3164                 quality = fmt.get('audioQuality', '').lower() or quality
3165             # The 3gp format (17) in android client has a quality of "small",
3166             # but is actually worse than other formats
3167             if itag == '17':
3168                 quality = 'tiny'
3169             if quality:
3170                 if itag:
3171                     itag_qualities[itag] = quality
3172                 if height:
3173                     res_qualities[height] = quality
3174             # FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF(otf=1) requires downloading the init fragment
3175             # (adding `&sq=0` to the URL) and parsing emsg box to determine the
3176             # number of fragment that would subsequently requested with (`&sq=N`)
3177             if fmt.get('type') == 'FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF':
3178                 continue
3179
3180             fmt_url = fmt.get('url')
3181             if not fmt_url:
3182                 sc = urllib.parse.parse_qs(fmt.get('signatureCipher'))
3183                 fmt_url = url_or_none(try_get(sc, lambda x: x['url'][0]))
3184                 encrypted_sig = try_get(sc, lambda x: x['s'][0])
3185                 if not all((sc, fmt_url, player_url, encrypted_sig)):
3186                     continue
3187                 try:
3188                     fmt_url += '&%s=%s' % (
3189                         traverse_obj(sc, ('sp', -1)) or 'signature',
3190                         self._decrypt_signature(encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url)
3191                     )
3192                 except ExtractorError as e:
3193                     self.report_warning('Signature extraction failed: Some formats may be missing', only_once=True)
3194                     self.write_debug(e, only_once=True)
3195                     continue
3196
3197             query = parse_qs(fmt_url)
3198             throttled = False
3199             if query.get('n'):
3200                 try:
3201                     fmt_url = update_url_query(fmt_url, {
3202                         'n': self._decrypt_nsig(query['n'][0], video_id, player_url)})
3203                 except ExtractorError as e:
3204                     self.report_warning(
3205                         'nsig extraction failed: You may experience throttling for some formats\n'
3206                         f'n = {query["n"][0]} ; player = {player_url}', only_once=True)
3207                     self.write_debug(e, only_once=True)
3208                     throttled = True
3209
3210             if itag:
3211                 itags[itag] = 'https'
3212                 stream_ids.append(stream_id)
3213
3214             tbr = float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)
3215             language_preference = (
3216                 10 if audio_track.get('audioIsDefault') and 10
3217                 else -10 if 'descriptive' in (audio_track.get('displayName') or '').lower() and -10
3218                 else -1)
3219             # Some formats may have much smaller duration than others (possibly damaged during encoding)
3220             # Eg: 2-nOtRESiUc Ref: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2823
3221             # Make sure to avoid false positives with small duration differences.
3222             # Eg: __2ABJjxzNo, ySuUZEjARPY
3223             is_damaged = try_get(fmt, lambda x: float(x['approxDurationMs']) / duration < 500)
3224             if is_damaged:
3225                 self.report_warning(
3226                     f'{video_id}: Some formats are possibly damaged. They will be deprioritized', only_once=True)
3227             dct = {
3228                 'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
3229                 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
3230                 'format_id': itag,
3231                 'format_note': join_nonempty(
3232                     '%s%s' % (audio_track.get('displayName') or '',
3233                               ' (default)' if language_preference > 0 else ''),
3234                     fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', ''),
3235                     throttled and 'THROTTLED', is_damaged and 'DAMAGED', delim=', '),
3236                 # Format 22 is likely to be damaged. See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/3372
3237                 'source_preference': -10 if throttled else -5 if itag == '22' else -1,
3238                 'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')) or None,
3239                 'height': height,
3240                 'quality': q(quality),
3241                 'has_drm': bool(fmt.get('drmFamilies')),
3242                 'tbr': tbr,
3243                 'url': fmt_url,
3244                 'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
3245                 'language': join_nonempty(audio_track.get('id', '').split('.')[0],
3246                                           'desc' if language_preference < -1 else ''),
3247                 'language_preference': language_preference,
3248                 # Strictly de-prioritize damaged and 3gp formats
3249                 'preference': -10 if is_damaged else -2 if itag == '17' else None,
3250             }
3251             mime_mobj = re.match(
3252                 r'((?:[^/]+)/(?:[^;]+))(?:;\s*codecs="([^"]+)")?', fmt.get('mimeType') or '')
3253             if mime_mobj:
3254                 dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(mime_mobj.group(1))
3255                 dct.update(parse_codecs(mime_mobj.group(2)))
3256             no_audio = dct.get('acodec') == 'none'
3257             no_video = dct.get('vcodec') == 'none'
3258             if no_audio:
3259                 dct['vbr'] = tbr
3260             if no_video:
3261                 dct['abr'] = tbr
3262             if no_audio or no_video:
3263                 dct['downloader_options'] = {
3264                     # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
3265                     'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
3266                 }
3267                 if dct.get('ext'):
3268                     dct['container'] = dct['ext'] + '_dash'
3269             yield dct
3270
3271         live_from_start = is_live and self.get_param('live_from_start')
3272         skip_manifests = self._configuration_arg('skip')
3273         if not self.get_param('youtube_include_hls_manifest', True):
3274             skip_manifests.append('hls')
3275         if not self.get_param('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
3276             skip_manifests.append('dash')
3277         get_dash = 'dash' not in skip_manifests and (
3278             not is_live or live_from_start or self._configuration_arg('include_live_dash'))
3279         get_hls = not live_from_start and 'hls' not in skip_manifests
3280
3281         def process_manifest_format(f, proto, itag):
3282             if itag in itags:
3283                 if itags[itag] == proto or f'{itag}-{proto}' in itags:
3284                     return False
3285                 itag = f'{itag}-{proto}'
3286             if itag:
3287                 f['format_id'] = itag
3288                 itags[itag] = proto
3289
3290             f['quality'] = next((
3291                 q(qdict[val])
3292                 for val, qdict in ((f.get('format_id', '').split('-')[0], itag_qualities), (f.get('height'), res_qualities))
3293                 if val in qdict), -1)
3294             return True
3295
3296         for sd in streaming_data:
3297             hls_manifest_url = get_hls and sd.get('hlsManifestUrl')
3298             if hls_manifest_url:
3299                 for f in self._extract_m3u8_formats(hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False):
3300                     if process_manifest_format(f, 'hls', self._search_regex(
3301                             r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)):
3302                         yield f
3303
3304             dash_manifest_url = get_dash and sd.get('dashManifestUrl')
3305             if dash_manifest_url:
3306                 for f in self._extract_mpd_formats(dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False):
3307                     if process_manifest_format(f, 'dash', f['format_id']):
3308                         f['filesize'] = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
3309                             r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url') or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
3310                         if live_from_start:
3311                             f['is_from_start'] = True
3312
3313                         yield f
3314
3315     def _extract_storyboard(self, player_responses, duration):
3316         spec = get_first(
3317             player_responses, ('storyboards', 'playerStoryboardSpecRenderer', 'spec'), default='').split('|')[::-1]
3318         base_url = url_or_none(urljoin('https://i.ytimg.com/', spec.pop() or None))
3319         if not base_url:
3320             return
3321         L = len(spec) - 1
3322         for i, args in enumerate(spec):
3323             args = args.split('#')
3324             counts = list(map(int_or_none, args[:5]))
3325             if len(args) != 8 or not all(counts):
3326                 self.report_warning(f'Malformed storyboard {i}: {"#".join(args)}{bug_reports_message()}')
3327                 continue
3328             width, height, frame_count, cols, rows = counts
3329             N, sigh = args[6:]
3330
3331             url = base_url.replace('$L', str(L - i)).replace('$N', N) + f'&sigh={sigh}'
3332             fragment_count = frame_count / (cols * rows)
3333             fragment_duration = duration / fragment_count
3334             yield {
3335                 'format_id': f'sb{i}',
3336                 'format_note': 'storyboard',
3337                 'ext': 'mhtml',
3338                 'protocol': 'mhtml',
3339                 'acodec': 'none',
3340                 'vcodec': 'none',
3341                 'url': url,
3342                 'width': width,
3343                 'height': height,
3344                 'fps': frame_count / duration,
3345                 'rows': rows,
3346                 'columns': cols,
3347                 'fragments': [{
3348                     'url': url.replace('$M', str(j)),
3349                     'duration': min(fragment_duration, duration - (j * fragment_duration)),
3350                 } for j in range(math.ceil(fragment_count))],
3351             }
3352
3353     def _download_player_responses(self, url, smuggled_data, video_id, webpage_url):
3354         webpage = None
3355         if 'webpage' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
3356             webpage = self._download_webpage(
3357                 webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1&pp=8AEB', video_id, fatal=False)
3358
3359         master_ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or self._get_default_ytcfg()
3360
3361         player_responses, player_url = self._extract_player_responses(
3362             self._get_requested_clients(url, smuggled_data),
3363             video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg)
3364
3365         return webpage, master_ytcfg, player_responses, player_url
3366
3367     def _list_formats(self, video_id, microformats, video_details, player_responses, player_url, duration=None):
3368         live_broadcast_details = traverse_obj(microformats, (..., 'liveBroadcastDetails'))
3369         is_live = get_first(video_details, 'isLive')
3370         if is_live is None:
3371             is_live = get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'isLiveNow')
3372
3373         streaming_data = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'streamingData'), default=[])
3374         formats = list(self._extract_formats(streaming_data, video_id, player_url, is_live, duration))
3375
3376         return live_broadcast_details, is_live, streaming_data, formats
3377
3378     def _real_extract(self, url):
3379         url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
3380         video_id = self._match_id(url)
3381
3382         base_url = self.http_scheme() + '//www.youtube.com/'
3383         webpage_url = base_url + 'watch?v=' + video_id
3384
3385         webpage, master_ytcfg, player_responses, player_url = self._download_player_responses(url, smuggled_data, video_id, webpage_url)
3386
3387         playability_statuses = traverse_obj(
3388             player_responses, (..., 'playabilityStatus'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
3389
3390         trailer_video_id = get_first(
3391             playability_statuses,
3392             ('errorScreen', 'playerLegacyDesktopYpcTrailerRenderer', 'trailerVideoId'),
3393             expected_type=str)
3394         if trailer_video_id:
3395             return self.url_result(
3396                 trailer_video_id, self.ie_key(), trailer_video_id)
3397
3398         search_meta = ((lambda x: self._html_search_meta(x, webpage, default=None))
3399                        if webpage else (lambda x: None))
3400
3401         video_details = traverse_obj(
3402             player_responses, (..., 'videoDetails'), expected_type=dict, default=[])
3403         microformats = traverse_obj(
3404             player_responses, (..., 'microformat', 'playerMicroformatRenderer'),
3405             expected_type=dict, default=[])
3406         video_title = (
3407             get_first(video_details, 'title')
3408             or self._get_text(microformats, (..., 'title'))
3409             or search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title', 'title']))
3410         video_description = get_first(video_details, 'shortDescription')
3411
3412         multifeed_metadata_list = get_first(
3413             player_responses,
3414             ('multicamera', 'playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer', 'metadataList'),
3415             expected_type=str)
3416         if multifeed_metadata_list and not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed'):
3417             if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
3418                 self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
3419             else:
3420                 entries = []
3421                 feed_ids = []
3422                 for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
3423                     # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
3424                     # fields may contain comma as well (see
3425                     # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
3426                     feed_data = urllib.parse.parse_qs(
3427                         urllib.parse.unquote_plus(feed))
3428
3429                     def feed_entry(name):
3430                         return try_get(
3431                             feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], str)
3432
3433                     feed_id = feed_entry('id')
3434                     if not feed_id:
3435                         continue
3436                     feed_title = feed_entry('title')
3437                     title = video_title
3438                     if feed_title:
3439                         title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
3440                     entries.append({
3441                         '_type': 'url_transparent',
3442                         'ie_key': 'Youtube',
3443                         'url': smuggle_url(
3444                             '%swatch?v=%s' % (base_url, feed_data['id'][0]),
3445                             {'force_singlefeed': True}),
3446                         'title': title,
3447                     })
3448                     feed_ids.append(feed_id)
3449                 self.to_screen(
3450                     'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
3451                     % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
3452                 return self.playlist_result(
3453                     entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
3454
3455         duration = int_or_none(
3456             get_first(video_details, 'lengthSeconds')
3457             or get_first(microformats, 'lengthSeconds')
3458             or parse_duration(search_meta('duration'))) or None
3459
3460         if get_first(video_details, 'isPostLiveDvr'):
3461             self.write_debug('Video is in Post-Live Manifestless mode')
3462             if (duration or 0) > 4 * 3600:
3463                 self.report_warning(
3464                     'The livestream has not finished processing. Only 4 hours of the video can be currently downloaded. '
3465                     'This is a known issue and patches are welcome')
3466
3467         live_broadcast_details, is_live, streaming_data, formats = self._list_formats(
3468             video_id, microformats, video_details, player_responses, player_url, duration)
3469
3470         if not formats:
3471             if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and traverse_obj(streaming_data, (..., 'licenseInfos')):
3472                 self.report_drm(video_id)
3473             pemr = get_first(
3474                 playability_statuses,
3475                 ('errorScreen', 'playerErrorMessageRenderer'), expected_type=dict) or {}
3476             reason = self._get_text(pemr, 'reason') or get_first(playability_statuses, 'reason')
3477             subreason = clean_html(self._get_text(pemr, 'subreason') or '')
3478             if subreason:
3479                 if subreason == 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.':
3480                     countries = get_first(microformats, 'availableCountries')
3481                     if not countries:
3482                         regions_allowed = search_meta('regionsAllowed')
3483                         countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
3484                     self.raise_geo_restricted(subreason, countries, metadata_available=True)
3485                 reason += f'. {subreason}'
3486             if reason:
3487                 self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)
3488
3489         keywords = get_first(video_details, 'keywords', expected_type=list) or []
3490         if not keywords and webpage:
3491             keywords = [
3492                 unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
3493                 for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), webpage)]
3494         for keyword in keywords:
3495             if keyword.startswith('yt:stretch='):
3496                 mobj = re.search(r'(\d+)\s*:\s*(\d+)', keyword)
3497                 if mobj:
3498                     # NB: float is intentional for forcing float division
3499                     w, h = (float(v) for v in mobj.groups())
3500                     if w > 0 and h > 0:
3501                         ratio = w / h
3502                         for f in formats:
3503                             if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
3504                                 f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
3505                         break
3506         thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails((video_details, microformats), (..., ..., 'thumbnail'))
3507         thumbnail_url = search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'])
3508         if thumbnail_url:
3509             thumbnails.append({
3510                 'url': thumbnail_url,
3511             })
3512         original_thumbnails = thumbnails.copy()
3513
3514         # The best resolution thumbnails sometimes does not appear in the webpage
3515         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/340
3516         # List of possible thumbnails - Ref: <https://stackoverflow.com/a/20542029>
3517         thumbnail_names = [
3518             # While the *1,*2,*3 thumbnails are just below their corresponding "*default" variants
3519             # in resolution, these are not the custom thumbnail. So de-prioritize them
3520             'maxresdefault', 'hq720', 'sddefault', 'hqdefault', '0', 'mqdefault', 'default',
3521             'sd1', 'sd2', 'sd3', 'hq1', 'hq2', 'hq3', 'mq1', 'mq2', 'mq3', '1', '2', '3'
3522         ]
3523         n_thumbnail_names = len(thumbnail_names)
3524         thumbnails.extend({
3525             'url': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi{webp}/{video_id}/{name}{live}.{ext}'.format(
3526                 video_id=video_id, name=name, ext=ext,
3527                 webp='_webp' if ext == 'webp' else '', live='_live' if is_live else ''),
3528         } for name in thumbnail_names for ext in ('webp', 'jpg'))
3529         for thumb in thumbnails:
3530             i = next((i for i, t in enumerate(thumbnail_names) if f'/{video_id}/{t}' in thumb['url']), n_thumbnail_names)
3531             thumb['preference'] = (0 if '.webp' in thumb['url'] else -1) - (2 * i)
3532         self._remove_duplicate_formats(thumbnails)
3533         self._downloader._sort_thumbnails(original_thumbnails)
3534
3535         category = get_first(microformats, 'category') or search_meta('genre')
3536         channel_id = str_or_none(
3537             get_first(video_details, 'channelId')
3538             or get_first(microformats, 'externalChannelId')
3539             or search_meta('channelId'))
3540         owner_profile_url = get_first(microformats, 'ownerProfileUrl')
3541
3542         live_content = get_first(video_details, 'isLiveContent')
3543         is_upcoming = get_first(video_details, 'isUpcoming')
3544         if is_live is None:
3545             if is_upcoming or live_content is False:
3546                 is_live = False
3547         if is_upcoming is None and (live_content or is_live):
3548             is_upcoming = False
3549         live_start_time = parse_iso8601(get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'startTimestamp'))
3550         live_end_time = parse_iso8601(get_first(live_broadcast_details, 'endTimestamp'))
3551         if not duration and live_end_time and live_start_time:
3552             duration = live_end_time - live_start_time
3553
3554         if is_live and self.get_param('live_from_start'):
3555             self._prepare_live_from_start_formats(formats, video_id, live_start_time, url, webpage_url, smuggled_data)
3556
3557         formats.extend(self._extract_storyboard(player_responses, duration))
3558
3559         # Source is given priority since formats that throttle are given lower source_preference
3560         # When throttling issue is fully fixed, remove this
3561         self._sort_formats(formats, ('quality', 'res', 'fps', 'hdr:12', 'source', 'codec:vp9.2', 'lang', 'proto'))
3562
3563         info = {
3564             'id': video_id,
3565             'title': video_title,
3566             'formats': formats,
3567             'thumbnails': thumbnails,
3568             # The best thumbnail that we are sure exists. Prevents unnecessary
3569             # URL checking if user don't care about getting the best possible thumbnail
3570             'thumbnail': traverse_obj(original_thumbnails, (-1, 'url')),
3571             'description': video_description,
3572             'uploader': get_first(video_details, 'author'),
3573             'uploader_id': self._search_regex(r'/(?:channel|user)/([^/?&#]+)', owner_profile_url, 'uploader id') if owner_profile_url else None,
3574             'uploader_url': owner_profile_url,
3575             'channel_id': channel_id,
3576             'channel_url': format_field(channel_id, None, 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s'),
3577             'duration': duration,
3578             'view_count': int_or_none(
3579                 get_first((video_details, microformats), (..., 'viewCount'))
3580                 or search_meta('interactionCount')),
3581             'average_rating': float_or_none(get_first(video_details, 'averageRating')),
3582             'age_limit': 18 if (
3583                 get_first(microformats, 'isFamilySafe') is False
3584                 or search_meta('isFamilyFriendly') == 'false'
3585                 or search_meta('og:restrictions:age') == '18+') else 0,
3586             'webpage_url': webpage_url,
3587             'categories': [category] if category else None,
3588             'tags': keywords,
3589             'playable_in_embed': get_first(playability_statuses, 'playableInEmbed'),
3590             'is_live': is_live,
3591             'was_live': (False if is_live or is_upcoming or live_content is False
3592                          else None if is_live is None or is_upcoming is None
3593                          else live_content),
3594             'live_status': 'is_upcoming' if is_upcoming else None,  # rest will be set by YoutubeDL
3595             'release_timestamp': live_start_time,
3596         }
3597
3598         pctr = traverse_obj(player_responses, (..., 'captions', 'playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer'), expected_type=dict)
3599         if pctr:
3600             def get_lang_code(track):
3601                 return (remove_start(track.get('vssId') or '', '.').replace('.', '-')
3602                         or track.get('languageCode'))
3603
3604             # Converted into dicts to remove duplicates
3605             captions = {
3606                 get_lang_code(sub): sub
3607                 for sub in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'captionTracks', ...), default=[])}
3608             translation_languages = {
3609                 lang.get('languageCode'): self._get_text(lang.get('languageName'), max_runs=1)
3610                 for lang in traverse_obj(pctr, (..., 'translationLanguages', ...), default=[])}
3611
3612             def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
3613                 lang_subs = container.setdefault(lang_code, [])
3614                 for fmt in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
3615                     query.update({
3616                         'fmt': fmt,
3617                     })
3618                     lang_subs.append({
3619                         'ext': fmt,
3620                         'url': urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', update_url_query(base_url, query)),
3621                         'name': sub_name,
3622                     })
3623
3624             # NB: Constructing the full subtitle dictionary is slow
3625             get_translated_subs = 'translated_subs' not in self._configuration_arg('skip') and (
3626                 self.get_param('writeautomaticsub', False) or self.get_param('listsubtitles'))
3627             subtitles, automatic_captions = {}, {}
3628             for lang_code, caption_track in captions.items():
3629                 base_url = caption_track.get('baseUrl')
3630                 orig_lang = parse_qs(base_url).get('lang', [None])[-1]
3631                 if not base_url:
3632                     continue
3633                 lang_name = self._get_text(caption_track, 'name', max_runs=1)
3634                 if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
3635                     if not lang_code:
3636                         continue
3637                     process_language(
3638                         subtitles, base_url, lang_code, lang_name, {})
3639                     if not caption_track.get('isTranslatable'):
3640                         continue
3641                 for trans_code, trans_name in translation_languages.items():
3642                     if not trans_code:
3643                         continue
3644                     orig_trans_code = trans_code
3645                     if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
3646                         if not get_translated_subs:
3647                             continue
3648                         trans_code += f'-{lang_code}'
3649                         trans_name += format_field(lang_name, None, ' from %s')
3650                     # Add an "-orig" label to the original language so that it can be distinguished.
3651                     # The subs are returned without "-orig" as well for compatibility
3652                     if lang_code == f'a-{orig_trans_code}':
3653                         process_language(
3654                             automatic_captions, base_url, f'{trans_code}-orig', f'{trans_name} (Original)', {})
3655                     # Setting tlang=lang returns damaged subtitles.
3656                     process_language(automatic_captions, base_url, trans_code, trans_name,
3657                                      {} if orig_lang == orig_trans_code else {'tlang': trans_code})
3658             info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
3659             info['subtitles'] = subtitles
3660
3661         parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
3662         for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
3663             query = urllib.parse.parse_qs(component)
3664             for k, v in query.items():
3665                 for d_k, s_ks in [('start', ('start', 't')), ('end', ('end',))]:
3666                     d_k += '_time'
3667                     if d_k not in info and k in s_ks:
3668                         info[d_k] = parse_duration(query[k][0])
3669
3670         # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
3671         if video_description:
3672             mobj = re.search(
3673                 r'''(?xs)
3674                     (?P<track>[^·\n]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+
3675                     (?P<album>[^\n]+)
3676                     (?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?
3677                     (?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?
3678                     (.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?
3679                     .+\nAuto-generated\ by\ YouTube\.\s*$
3680                 ''', video_description)
3681             if mobj:
3682                 release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
3683                 release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
3684                 if release_date:
3685                     release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
3686                     if not release_year:
3687                         release_year = release_date[:4]
3688                 info.update({
3689                     'album': mobj.group('album'.strip()),
3690                     'artist': mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·')),
3691                     'track': mobj.group('track').strip(),
3692                     'release_date': release_date,
3693                     'release_year': int_or_none(release_year),
3694                 })
3695
3696         initial_data = None
3697         if webpage:
3698             initial_data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(video_id, webpage, fatal=False)
3699         if not initial_data:
3700             query = {'videoId': video_id}
3701             query.update(self._get_checkok_params())
3702             initial_data = self._extract_response(
3703                 item_id=video_id, ep='next', fatal=False,
3704                 ytcfg=master_ytcfg, query=query,
3705                 headers=self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=master_ytcfg),
3706                 note='Downloading initial data API JSON')
3707
3708         info['comment_count'] = traverse_obj(initial_data, (
3709             'contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'results', 'results', 'contents', ..., 'itemSectionRenderer',
3710             'contents', ..., 'commentsEntryPointHeaderRenderer', 'commentCount', 'simpleText'
3711         ), (
3712             'engagementPanels', lambda _, v: v['engagementPanelSectionListRenderer']['panelIdentifier'] == 'comment-item-section',
3713             'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'header', 'engagementPanelTitleHeaderRenderer', 'contextualInfo', 'runs', ..., 'text'
3714         ), expected_type=int_or_none, get_all=False)
3715
3716         try:  # This will error if there is no livechat
3717             initial_data['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['conversationBar']['liveChatRenderer']['continuations'][0]['reloadContinuationData']['continuation']
3718         except (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):
3719             pass
3720         else:
3721             info.setdefault('subtitles', {})['live_chat'] = [{
3722                 # url is needed to set cookies
3723                 'url': f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1',
3724                 'video_id': video_id,
3725                 'ext': 'json',
3726                 'protocol': 'youtube_live_chat' if is_live or is_upcoming else 'youtube_live_chat_replay',
3727             }]
3728
3729         if initial_data:
3730             info['chapters'] = (
3731                 self._extract_chapters_from_json(initial_data, duration)
3732                 or self._extract_chapters_from_engagement_panel(initial_data, duration)
3733                 or self._extract_chapters_from_description(video_description, duration)
3734                 or None)
3735
3736         contents = traverse_obj(
3737             initial_data, ('contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'results', 'results', 'contents'),
3738             expected_type=list, default=[])
3739
3740         vpir = get_first(contents, 'videoPrimaryInfoRenderer')
3741         if vpir:
3742             stl = vpir.get('superTitleLink')
3743             if stl:
3744                 stl = self._get_text(stl)
3745                 if try_get(
3746                         vpir,
3747                         lambda x: x['superTitleIcon']['iconType']) == 'LOCATION_PIN':
3748                     info['location'] = stl
3749                 else:
3750                     mobj = re.search(r'(.+?)\s*S(\d+)\s*•?\s*E(\d+)', stl)
3751                     if mobj:
3752                         info.update({
3753                             'series': mobj.group(1),
3754                             'season_number': int(mobj.group(2)),
3755                             'episode_number': int(mobj.group(3)),
3756                         })
3757             for tlb in (try_get(
3758                     vpir,
3759                     lambda x: x['videoActions']['menuRenderer']['topLevelButtons'],
3760                     list) or []):
3761                 tbr = tlb.get('toggleButtonRenderer') or {}
3762                 for getter, regex in [(
3763                         lambda x: x['defaultText']['accessibility']['accessibilityData'],
3764                         r'(?P<count>[\d,]+)\s*(?P<type>(?:dis)?like)'), ([
3765                             lambda x: x['accessibility'],
3766                             lambda x: x['accessibilityData']['accessibilityData'],
3767                         ], r'(?P<type>(?:dis)?like) this video along with (?P<count>[\d,]+) other people')]:
3768                     label = (try_get(tbr, getter, dict) or {}).get('label')
3769                     if label:
3770                         mobj = re.match(regex, label)
3771                         if mobj:
3772                             info[mobj.group('type') + '_count'] = str_to_int(mobj.group('count'))
3773                             break
3774             sbr_tooltip = try_get(
3775                 vpir, lambda x: x['sentimentBar']['sentimentBarRenderer']['tooltip'])
3776             if sbr_tooltip:
3777                 like_count, dislike_count = sbr_tooltip.split(' / ')
3778                 info.update({
3779                     'like_count': str_to_int(like_count),
3780                     'dislike_count': str_to_int(dislike_count),
3781                 })
3782         vsir = get_first(contents, 'videoSecondaryInfoRenderer')
3783         if vsir:
3784             vor = traverse_obj(vsir, ('owner', 'videoOwnerRenderer'))
3785             info.update({
3786                 'channel': self._get_text(vor, 'title'),
3787                 'channel_follower_count': self._get_count(vor, 'subscriberCountText')})
3788
3789             rows = try_get(
3790                 vsir,
3791                 lambda x: x['metadataRowContainer']['metadataRowContainerRenderer']['rows'],
3792                 list) or []
3793             multiple_songs = False
3794             for row in rows:
3795                 if try_get(row, lambda x: x['metadataRowRenderer']['hasDividerLine']) is True:
3796                     multiple_songs = True
3797                     break
3798             for row in rows:
3799                 mrr = row.get('metadataRowRenderer') or {}
3800                 mrr_title = mrr.get('title')
3801                 if not mrr_title:
3802                     continue
3803                 mrr_title = self._get_text(mrr, 'title')
3804                 mrr_contents_text = self._get_text(mrr, ('contents', 0))
3805                 if mrr_title == 'License':
3806                     info['license'] = mrr_contents_text
3807                 elif not multiple_songs:
3808                     if mrr_title == 'Album':
3809                         info['album'] = mrr_contents_text
3810                     elif mrr_title == 'Artist':
3811                         info['artist'] = mrr_contents_text
3812                     elif mrr_title == 'Song':
3813                         info['track'] = mrr_contents_text
3814
3815         fallbacks = {
3816             'channel': 'uploader',
3817             'channel_id': 'uploader_id',
3818             'channel_url': 'uploader_url',
3819         }
3820
3821         # The upload date for scheduled, live and past live streams / premieres in microformats
3822         # may be different from the stream date. Although not in UTC, we will prefer it in this case.
3823         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/2223#issuecomment-1008485139
3824         upload_date = (
3825             unified_strdate(get_first(microformats, 'uploadDate'))
3826             or unified_strdate(search_meta('uploadDate')))
3827         if not upload_date or (not info.get('is_live') and not info.get('was_live') and info.get('live_status') != 'is_upcoming'):
3828             upload_date = strftime_or_none(self._extract_time_text(vpir, 'dateText')[0], '%Y%m%d') or upload_date
3829         info['upload_date'] = upload_date
3830
3831         for to, frm in fallbacks.items():
3832             if not info.get(to):
3833                 info[to] = info.get(frm)
3834
3835         for s_k, d_k in [('artist', 'creator'), ('track', 'alt_title')]:
3836             v = info.get(s_k)
3837             if v:
3838                 info[d_k] = v
3839
3840         is_private = get_first(video_details, 'isPrivate', expected_type=bool)
3841         is_unlisted = get_first(microformats, 'isUnlisted', expected_type=bool)
3842         is_membersonly = None
3843         is_premium = None
3844         if initial_data and is_private is not None:
3845             is_membersonly = False
3846             is_premium = False
3847             contents = try_get(initial_data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['results']['results']['contents'], list) or []
3848             badge_labels = set()
3849             for content in contents:
3850                 if not isinstance(content, dict):
3851                     continue
3852                 badge_labels.update(self._extract_badges(content.get('videoPrimaryInfoRenderer')))
3853             for badge_label in badge_labels:
3854                 if badge_label.lower() == 'members only':
3855                     is_membersonly = True
3856                 elif badge_label.lower() == 'premium':
3857                     is_premium = True
3858                 elif badge_label.lower() == 'unlisted':
3859                     is_unlisted = True
3860
3861         info['availability'] = self._availability(
3862             is_private=is_private,
3863             needs_premium=is_premium,
3864             needs_subscription=is_membersonly,
3865             needs_auth=info['age_limit'] >= 18,
3866             is_unlisted=None if is_private is None else is_unlisted)
3867
3868         info['__post_extractor'] = self.extract_comments(master_ytcfg, video_id, contents, webpage)
3869
3870         self.mark_watched(video_id, player_responses)
3871
3872         return info
3873
3874
3875 class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
3876
3877     @staticmethod
3878     def passthrough_smuggled_data(func):
3879         def _smuggle(entries, smuggled_data):
3880             for entry in entries:
3881                 # TODO: Convert URL to music.youtube instead.
3882                 # Do we need to passthrough any other smuggled_data?
3883                 entry['url'] = smuggle_url(entry['url'], smuggled_data)
3884                 yield entry
3885
3886         @functools.wraps(func)
3887         def wrapper(self, url):
3888             url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
3889             if self.is_music_url(url):
3890                 smuggled_data['is_music_url'] = True
3891             info_dict = func(self, url, smuggled_data)
3892             if smuggled_data and info_dict.get('entries'):
3893                 info_dict['entries'] = _smuggle(info_dict['entries'], smuggled_data)
3894             return info_dict
3895         return wrapper
3896
3897     def _extract_channel_id(self, webpage):
3898         channel_id = self._html_search_meta(
3899             'channelId', webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
3900         if channel_id:
3901             return channel_id
3902         channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
3903             ('og:url', 'al:ios:url', 'al:android:url', 'al:web:url',
3904              'twitter:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad',
3905              'twitter:app:url:googleplay'), webpage, 'channel url')
3906         return self._search_regex(
3907             r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/([^/?#&])+',
3908             channel_url, 'channel id')
3909
3910     @staticmethod
3911     def _extract_basic_item_renderer(item):
3912         # Modified from _extract_grid_item_renderer
3913         known_basic_renderers = (
3914             'playlistRenderer', 'videoRenderer', 'channelRenderer', 'showRenderer', 'reelItemRenderer'
3915         )
3916         for key, renderer in item.items():
3917             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
3918                 continue
3919             elif key in known_basic_renderers:
3920                 return renderer
3921             elif key.startswith('grid') and key.endswith('Renderer'):
3922                 return renderer
3923
3924     def _grid_entries(self, grid_renderer):
3925         for item in grid_renderer['items']:
3926             if not isinstance(item, dict):
3927                 continue
3928             renderer = self._extract_basic_item_renderer(item)
3929             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
3930                 continue
3931             title = self._get_text(renderer, 'title')
3932
3933             # playlist
3934             playlist_id = renderer.get('playlistId')
3935             if playlist_id:
3936                 yield self.url_result(
3937                     'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id,
3938                     ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id,
3939                     video_title=title)
3940                 continue
3941             # video
3942             video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
3943             if video_id:
3944                 yield self._extract_video(renderer)
3945                 continue
3946             # channel
3947             channel_id = renderer.get('channelId')
3948             if channel_id:
3949                 yield self.url_result(
3950                     'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id,
3951                     ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_title=title)
3952                 continue
3953             # generic endpoint URL support
3954             ep_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', try_get(
3955                 renderer, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
3956                 str))
3957             if ep_url:
3958                 for ie in (YoutubeTabIE, YoutubePlaylistIE, YoutubeIE):
3959                     if ie.suitable(ep_url):
3960                         yield self.url_result(
3961                             ep_url, ie=ie.ie_key(), video_id=ie._match_id(ep_url), video_title=title)
3962                         break
3963
3964     def _music_reponsive_list_entry(self, renderer):
3965         video_id = traverse_obj(renderer, ('playlistItemData', 'videoId'))
3966         if video_id:
3967             return self.url_result(f'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
3968                                    ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
3969         playlist_id = traverse_obj(renderer, ('navigationEndpoint', 'watchEndpoint', 'playlistId'))
3970         if playlist_id:
3971             video_id = traverse_obj(renderer, ('navigationEndpoint', 'watchEndpoint', 'videoId'))
3972             if video_id:
3973                 return self.url_result(f'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}&list={playlist_id}',
3974                                        ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
3975             return self.url_result(f'https://music.youtube.com/playlist?list={playlist_id}',
3976                                    ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
3977         browse_id = traverse_obj(renderer, ('navigationEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint', 'browseId'))
3978         if browse_id:
3979             return self.url_result(f'https://music.youtube.com/browse/{browse_id}',
3980                                    ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=browse_id)
3981
3982     def _shelf_entries_from_content(self, shelf_renderer):
3983         content = shelf_renderer.get('content')
3984         if not isinstance(content, dict):
3985             return
3986         renderer = content.get('gridRenderer') or content.get('expandedShelfContentsRenderer')
3987         if renderer:
3988             # TODO: add support for nested playlists so each shelf is processed
3989             # as separate playlist
3990             # TODO: this includes only first N items
3991             yield from self._grid_entries(renderer)
3992         renderer = content.get('horizontalListRenderer')
3993         if renderer:
3994             # TODO
3995             pass
3996
3997     def _shelf_entries(self, shelf_renderer, skip_channels=False):
3998         ep = try_get(
3999             shelf_renderer, lambda x: x['endpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
4000             str)
4001         shelf_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', ep)
4002         if shelf_url:
4003             # Skipping links to another channels, note that checking for
4004             # endpoint.commandMetadata.webCommandMetadata.webPageTypwebPageType == WEB_PAGE_TYPE_CHANNEL
4005             # will not work
4006             if skip_channels and '/channels?' in shelf_url:
4007                 return
4008             title = self._get_text(shelf_renderer, 'title')
4009             yield self.url_result(shelf_url, video_title=title)
4010         # Shelf may not contain shelf URL, fallback to extraction from content
4011         yield from self._shelf_entries_from_content(shelf_renderer)
4012
4013     def _playlist_entries(self, video_list_renderer):
4014         for content in video_list_renderer['contents']:
4015             if not isinstance(content, dict):
4016                 continue
4017             renderer = content.get('playlistVideoRenderer') or content.get('playlistPanelVideoRenderer')
4018             if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
4019                 continue
4020             video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
4021             if not video_id:
4022                 continue
4023             yield self._extract_video(renderer)
4024
4025     def _rich_entries(self, rich_grid_renderer):
4026         renderer = try_get(
4027             rich_grid_renderer, lambda x: x['content']['videoRenderer'], dict) or {}
4028         video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
4029         if not video_id:
4030             return
4031         yield self._extract_video(renderer)
4032
4033     def _video_entry(self, video_renderer):
4034         video_id = video_renderer.get('videoId')
4035         if video_id:
4036             return self._extract_video(video_renderer)
4037
4038     def _hashtag_tile_entry(self, hashtag_tile_renderer):
4039         url = urljoin('https://youtube.com', traverse_obj(
4040             hashtag_tile_renderer, ('onTapCommand', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url')))
4041         if url:
4042             return self.url_result(
4043                 url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), title=self._get_text(hashtag_tile_renderer, 'hashtag'))
4044
4045     def _post_thread_entries(self, post_thread_renderer):
4046         post_renderer = try_get(
4047             post_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['post']['backstagePostRenderer'], dict)
4048         if not post_renderer:
4049             return
4050         # video attachment
4051         video_renderer = try_get(
4052             post_renderer, lambda x: x['backstageAttachment']['videoRenderer'], dict) or {}
4053         video_id = video_renderer.get('videoId')
4054         if video_id:
4055             entry = self._extract_video(video_renderer)
4056             if entry:
4057                 yield entry
4058         # playlist attachment
4059         playlist_id = try_get(
4060             post_renderer, lambda x: x['backstageAttachment']['playlistRenderer']['playlistId'], str)
4061         if playlist_id:
4062             yield self.url_result(
4063                 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id,
4064                 ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
4065         # inline video links
4066         runs = try_get(post_renderer, lambda x: x['contentText']['runs'], list) or []
4067         for run in runs:
4068             if not isinstance(run, dict):
4069                 continue
4070             ep_url = try_get(
4071                 run, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['urlEndpoint']['url'], str)
4072             if not ep_url:
4073                 continue
4074             if not YoutubeIE.suitable(ep_url):
4075                 continue
4076             ep_video_id = YoutubeIE._match_id(ep_url)
4077             if video_id == ep_video_id:
4078                 continue
4079             yield self.url_result(ep_url, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=ep_video_id)
4080
4081     def _post_thread_continuation_entries(self, post_thread_continuation):
4082         contents = post_thread_continuation.get('contents')
4083         if not isinstance(contents, list):
4084             return
4085         for content in contents:
4086             renderer = content.get('backstagePostThreadRenderer')
4087             if isinstance(renderer, dict):
4088                 yield from self._post_thread_entries(renderer)
4089                 continue
4090             renderer = content.get('videoRenderer')
4091             if isinstance(renderer, dict):
4092                 yield self._video_entry(renderer)
4093
4094     r''' # unused
4095     def _rich_grid_entries(self, contents):
4096         for content in contents:
4097             video_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['richItemRenderer']['content']['videoRenderer'], dict)
4098             if video_renderer:
4099                 entry = self._video_entry(video_renderer)
4100                 if entry:
4101                     yield entry
4102     '''
4103
4104     def _extract_entries(self, parent_renderer, continuation_list):
4105         # continuation_list is modified in-place with continuation_list = [continuation_token]
4106         continuation_list[:] = [None]
4107         contents = try_get(parent_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
4108         for content in contents:
4109             if not isinstance(content, dict):
4110                 continue
4111             is_renderer = traverse_obj(
4112                 content, 'itemSectionRenderer', 'musicShelfRenderer', 'musicShelfContinuation',
4113                 expected_type=dict)
4114             if not is_renderer:
4115                 renderer = content.get('richItemRenderer')
4116                 if renderer:
4117                     for entry in self._rich_entries(renderer):
4118                         yield entry
4119                     continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
4120                 continue
4121             isr_contents = try_get(is_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
4122             for isr_content in isr_contents:
4123                 if not isinstance(isr_content, dict):
4124                     continue
4125
4126                 known_renderers = {
4127                     'playlistVideoListRenderer': self._playlist_entries,
4128                     'gridRenderer': self._grid_entries,
4129                     'reelShelfRenderer': self._grid_entries,
4130                     'shelfRenderer': self._shelf_entries,
4131                     'musicResponsiveListItemRenderer': lambda x: [self._music_reponsive_list_entry(x)],
4132                     'backstagePostThreadRenderer': self._post_thread_entries,
4133                     'videoRenderer': lambda x: [self._video_entry(x)],
4134                     'playlistRenderer': lambda x: self._grid_entries({'items': [{'playlistRenderer': x}]}),
4135                     'channelRenderer': lambda x: self._grid_entries({'items': [{'channelRenderer': x}]}),
4136                     'hashtagTileRenderer': lambda x: [self._hashtag_tile_entry(x)]
4137                 }
4138                 for key, renderer in isr_content.items():
4139                     if key not in known_renderers:
4140                         continue
4141                     for entry in known_renderers[key](renderer):
4142                         if entry:
4143                             yield entry
4144                     continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
4145                     break
4146
4147             if not continuation_list[0]:
4148                 continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(is_renderer)
4149
4150         if not continuation_list[0]:
4151             continuation_list[0] = self._extract_continuation(parent_renderer)
4152
4153     def _entries(self, tab, item_id, ytcfg, account_syncid, visitor_data):
4154         continuation_list = [None]
4155         extract_entries = lambda x: self._extract_entries(x, continuation_list)
4156         tab_content = try_get(tab, lambda x: x['content'], dict)
4157         if not tab_content:
4158             return
4159         parent_renderer = (
4160             try_get(tab_content, lambda x: x['sectionListRenderer'], dict)
4161             or try_get(tab_content, lambda x: x['richGridRenderer'], dict) or {})
4162         yield from extract_entries(parent_renderer)
4163         continuation = continuation_list[0]
4164
4165         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
4166             if not continuation:
4167                 break
4168             headers = self.generate_api_headers(
4169                 ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=account_syncid, visitor_data=visitor_data)
4170             response = self._extract_response(
4171                 item_id=f'{item_id} page {page_num}',
4172                 query=continuation, headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg,
4173                 check_get_keys=('continuationContents', 'onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
4174
4175             if not response:
4176                 break
4177             # Extracting updated visitor data is required to prevent an infinite extraction loop in some cases
4178             # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28702
4179             visitor_data = self._extract_visitor_data(response) or visitor_data
4180
4181             known_continuation_renderers = {
4182                 'playlistVideoListContinuation': self._playlist_entries,
4183                 'gridContinuation': self._grid_entries,
4184                 'itemSectionContinuation': self._post_thread_continuation_entries,
4185                 'sectionListContinuation': extract_entries,  # for feeds
4186             }
4187             continuation_contents = try_get(
4188                 response, lambda x: x['continuationContents'], dict) or {}
4189             continuation_renderer = None
4190             for key, value in continuation_contents.items():
4191                 if key not in known_continuation_renderers:
4192                     continue
4193                 continuation_renderer = value
4194                 continuation_list = [None]
4195                 yield from known_continuation_renderers[key](continuation_renderer)
4196                 continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
4197                 break
4198             if continuation_renderer:
4199                 continue
4200
4201             known_renderers = {
4202                 'videoRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),  # for membership tab
4203                 'gridPlaylistRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),
4204                 'gridVideoRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),
4205                 'gridChannelRenderer': (self._grid_entries, 'items'),
4206                 'playlistVideoRenderer': (self._playlist_entries, 'contents'),
4207                 'itemSectionRenderer': (extract_entries, 'contents'),  # for feeds
4208                 'richItemRenderer': (extract_entries, 'contents'),  # for hashtag
4209                 'backstagePostThreadRenderer': (self._post_thread_continuation_entries, 'contents')
4210             }
4211             on_response_received = dict_get(response, ('onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
4212             continuation_items = try_get(
4213                 on_response_received, lambda x: x[0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems'], list)
4214             continuation_item = try_get(continuation_items, lambda x: x[0], dict) or {}
4215             video_items_renderer = None
4216             for key, value in continuation_item.items():
4217                 if key not in known_renderers:
4218                     continue
4219                 video_items_renderer = {known_renderers[key][1]: continuation_items}
4220                 continuation_list = [None]
4221                 yield from known_renderers[key][0](video_items_renderer)
4222                 continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(video_items_renderer)
4223                 break
4224             if video_items_renderer:
4225                 continue
4226             break
4227
4228     @staticmethod
4229     def _extract_selected_tab(tabs, fatal=True):
4230         for tab in tabs:
4231             renderer = dict_get(tab, ('tabRenderer', 'expandableTabRenderer')) or {}
4232             if renderer.get('selected') is True:
4233                 return renderer
4234         else:
4235             if fatal:
4236                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to find selected tab')
4237
4238     def _extract_uploader(self, data):
4239         uploader = {}
4240         renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarSecondaryInfoRenderer') or {}
4241         owner = try_get(
4242             renderer, lambda x: x['videoOwner']['videoOwnerRenderer']['title']['runs'][0], dict)
4243         if owner:
4244             owner_text = owner.get('text')
4245             uploader['uploader'] = self._search_regex(
4246                 r'^by (.+) and \d+ others?$', owner_text, 'uploader', default=owner_text)
4247             uploader['uploader_id'] = try_get(
4248                 owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['browseId'], str)
4249             uploader['uploader_url'] = urljoin(
4250                 'https://www.youtube.com/',
4251                 try_get(owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['canonicalBaseUrl'], str))
4252         return {k: v for k, v in uploader.items() if v is not None}
4253
4254     def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs):
4255         playlist_id = title = description = channel_url = channel_name = channel_id = None
4256         tags = []
4257
4258         selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
4259         primary_sidebar_renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer')
4260         renderer = try_get(
4261             data, lambda x: x['metadata']['channelMetadataRenderer'], dict)
4262         if renderer:
4263             channel_name = renderer.get('title')
4264             channel_url = renderer.get('channelUrl')
4265             channel_id = renderer.get('externalId')
4266         else:
4267             renderer = try_get(
4268                 data, lambda x: x['metadata']['playlistMetadataRenderer'], dict)
4269
4270         if renderer:
4271             title = renderer.get('title')
4272             description = renderer.get('description', '')
4273             playlist_id = channel_id
4274             tags = renderer.get('keywords', '').split()
4275
4276         # We can get the uncropped banner/avatar by replacing the crop params with '=s0'
4277         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2237#issuecomment-1013694714
4278         def _get_uncropped(url):
4279             return url_or_none((url or '').split('=')[0] + '=s0')
4280
4281         avatar_thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(renderer, 'avatar')
4282         if avatar_thumbnails:
4283             uncropped_avatar = _get_uncropped(avatar_thumbnails[0]['url'])
4284             if uncropped_avatar:
4285                 avatar_thumbnails.append({
4286                     'url': uncropped_avatar,
4287                     'id': 'avatar_uncropped',
4288                     'preference': 1
4289                 })
4290
4291         channel_banners = self._extract_thumbnails(
4292             data, ('header', ..., ['banner', 'mobileBanner', 'tvBanner']))
4293         for banner in channel_banners:
4294             banner['preference'] = -10
4295
4296         if channel_banners:
4297             uncropped_banner = _get_uncropped(channel_banners[0]['url'])
4298             if uncropped_banner:
4299                 channel_banners.append({
4300                     'url': uncropped_banner,
4301                     'id': 'banner_uncropped',
4302                     'preference': -5
4303                 })
4304
4305         primary_thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(
4306             primary_sidebar_renderer, ('thumbnailRenderer', ('playlistVideoThumbnailRenderer', 'playlistCustomThumbnailRenderer'), 'thumbnail'))
4307
4308         if playlist_id is None:
4309             playlist_id = item_id
4310
4311         playlist_stats = traverse_obj(primary_sidebar_renderer, 'stats')
4312         last_updated_unix, _ = self._extract_time_text(playlist_stats, 2)
4313         if title is None:
4314             title = self._get_text(data, ('header', 'hashtagHeaderRenderer', 'hashtag')) or playlist_id
4315         title += format_field(selected_tab, 'title', ' - %s')
4316         title += format_field(selected_tab, 'expandedText', ' - %s')
4317
4318         metadata = {
4319             'playlist_id': playlist_id,
4320             'playlist_title': title,
4321             'playlist_description': description,
4322             'uploader': channel_name,
4323             'uploader_id': channel_id,
4324             'uploader_url': channel_url,
4325             'thumbnails': primary_thumbnails + avatar_thumbnails + channel_banners,
4326             'tags': tags,
4327             'view_count': self._get_count(playlist_stats, 1),
4328             'availability': self._extract_availability(data),
4329             'modified_date': strftime_or_none(last_updated_unix, '%Y%m%d'),
4330             'playlist_count': self._get_count(playlist_stats, 0),
4331             'channel_follower_count': self._get_count(data, ('header', ..., 'subscriberCountText')),
4332         }
4333         if not channel_id:
4334             metadata.update(self._extract_uploader(data))
4335         metadata.update({
4336             'channel': metadata['uploader'],
4337             'channel_id': metadata['uploader_id'],
4338             'channel_url': metadata['uploader_url']})
4339         return self.playlist_result(
4340             self._entries(
4341                 selected_tab, playlist_id, ytcfg,
4342                 self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
4343                 self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg)),
4344             **metadata)
4345
4346     def _extract_inline_playlist(self, playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg):
4347         first_id = last_id = response = None
4348         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
4349             videos = list(self._playlist_entries(playlist))
4350             if not videos:
4351                 return
4352             start = next((i for i, v in enumerate(videos) if v['id'] == last_id), -1) + 1
4353             if start >= len(videos):
4354                 return
4355             yield from videos[start:]
4356             first_id = first_id or videos[0]['id']
4357             last_id = videos[-1]['id']
4358             watch_endpoint = try_get(
4359                 playlist, lambda x: x['contents'][-1]['playlistPanelVideoRenderer']['navigationEndpoint']['watchEndpoint'])
4360             headers = self.generate_api_headers(
4361                 ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
4362                 visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response, data, ytcfg))
4363             query = {
4364                 'playlistId': playlist_id,
4365                 'videoId': watch_endpoint.get('videoId') or last_id,
4366                 'index': watch_endpoint.get('index') or len(videos),
4367                 'params': watch_endpoint.get('params') or 'OAE%3D'
4368             }
4369             response = self._extract_response(
4370                 item_id='%s page %d' % (playlist_id, page_num),
4371                 query=query, ep='next', headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg,
4372                 check_get_keys='contents'
4373             )
4374             playlist = try_get(
4375                 response, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
4376
4377     def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist, ytcfg):
4378         title = playlist.get('title') or try_get(
4379             data, lambda x: x['titleText']['simpleText'], str)
4380         playlist_id = playlist.get('playlistId') or item_id
4381
4382         # Delegating everything except mix playlists to regular tab-based playlist URL
4383         playlist_url = urljoin(url, try_get(
4384             playlist, lambda x: x['endpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
4385             str))
4386
4387         # Some playlists are unviewable but YouTube still provides a link to the (broken) playlist page [1]
4388         # [1] MLCT, RLTDwFCb4jeqaKWnciAYM-ZVHg
4389         is_known_unviewable = re.fullmatch(r'MLCT|RLTD[\w-]{22}', playlist_id)
4390
4391         if playlist_url and playlist_url != url and not is_known_unviewable:
4392             return self.url_result(
4393                 playlist_url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id,
4394                 video_title=title)
4395
4396         return self.playlist_result(
4397             self._extract_inline_playlist(playlist, playlist_id, data, ytcfg),
4398             playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title)
4399
4400     def _extract_availability(self, data):
4401         """
4402         Gets the availability of a given playlist/tab.
4403         Note: Unless YouTube tells us explicitly, we do not assume it is public
4404         @param data: response
4405         """
4406         is_private = is_unlisted = None
4407         renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer') or {}
4408         badge_labels = self._extract_badges(renderer)
4409
4410         # Personal playlists, when authenticated, have a dropdown visibility selector instead of a badge
4411         privacy_dropdown_entries = try_get(
4412             renderer, lambda x: x['privacyForm']['dropdownFormFieldRenderer']['dropdown']['dropdownRenderer']['entries'], list) or []
4413         for renderer_dict in privacy_dropdown_entries:
4414             is_selected = try_get(
4415                 renderer_dict, lambda x: x['privacyDropdownItemRenderer']['isSelected'], bool) or False
4416             if not is_selected:
4417                 continue
4418             label = self._get_text(renderer_dict, ('privacyDropdownItemRenderer', 'label'))
4419             if label:
4420                 badge_labels.add(label.lower())
4421                 break
4422
4423         for badge_label in badge_labels:
4424             if badge_label == 'unlisted':
4425                 is_unlisted = True
4426             elif badge_label == 'private':
4427                 is_private = True
4428             elif badge_label == 'public':
4429                 is_unlisted = is_private = False
4430         return self._availability(is_private, False, False, False, is_unlisted)
4431
4432     @staticmethod
4433     def _extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, info_renderer, expected_type=dict):
4434         sidebar_renderer = try_get(
4435             data, lambda x: x['sidebar']['playlistSidebarRenderer']['items'], list) or []
4436         for item in sidebar_renderer:
4437             renderer = try_get(item, lambda x: x[info_renderer], expected_type)
4438             if renderer:
4439                 return renderer
4440
4441     def _reload_with_unavailable_videos(self, item_id, data, ytcfg):
4442         """
4443         Get playlist with unavailable videos if the 'show unavailable videos' button exists.
4444         """
4445         browse_id = params = None
4446         renderer = self._extract_sidebar_info_renderer(data, 'playlistSidebarPrimaryInfoRenderer')
4447         if not renderer:
4448             return
4449         menu_renderer = try_get(
4450             renderer, lambda x: x['menu']['menuRenderer']['items'], list) or []
4451         for menu_item in menu_renderer:
4452             if not isinstance(menu_item, dict):
4453                 continue
4454             nav_item_renderer = menu_item.get('menuNavigationItemRenderer')
4455             text = try_get(
4456                 nav_item_renderer, lambda x: x['text']['simpleText'], str)
4457             if not text or text.lower() != 'show unavailable videos':
4458                 continue
4459             browse_endpoint = try_get(
4460                 nav_item_renderer, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint'], dict) or {}
4461             browse_id = browse_endpoint.get('browseId')
4462             params = browse_endpoint.get('params')
4463             break
4464
4465         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
4466             ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg, data),
4467             visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(data, ytcfg))
4468         query = {
4469             'params': params or 'wgYCCAA=',
4470             'browseId': browse_id or 'VL%s' % item_id
4471         }
4472         return self._extract_response(
4473             item_id=item_id, headers=headers, query=query,
4474             check_get_keys='contents', fatal=False, ytcfg=ytcfg,
4475             note='Downloading API JSON with unavailable videos')
4476
4477     @functools.cached_property
4478     def skip_webpage(self):
4479         return 'webpage' in self._configuration_arg('skip', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
4480
4481     def _extract_webpage(self, url, item_id, fatal=True):
4482         retries = self.get_param('extractor_retries', 3)
4483         count = -1
4484         webpage = data = last_error = None
4485         while count < retries:
4486             count += 1
4487             # Sometimes youtube returns a webpage with incomplete ytInitialData
4488             # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/116
4489             if last_error:
4490                 self.report_warning('%s. Retrying ...' % last_error)
4491             try:
4492                 webpage = self._download_webpage(
4493                     url, item_id,
4494                     note='Downloading webpage%s' % (' (retry #%d)' % count if count else '',))
4495                 data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage or '', fatal=fatal) or {}
4496             except ExtractorError as e:
4497                 if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
4498                     if not isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) or e.cause.code not in (403, 429):
4499                         last_error = error_to_compat_str(e.cause or e.msg)
4500                         if count < retries:
4501                             continue
4502                 if fatal:
4503                     raise
4504                 self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
4505                 break
4506             else:
4507                 try:
4508                     self._extract_and_report_alerts(data)
4509                 except ExtractorError as e:
4510                     if fatal:
4511                         raise
4512                     self.report_warning(error_to_compat_str(e))
4513                     break
4514
4515                 if dict_get(data, ('contents', 'currentVideoEndpoint', 'onResponseReceivedActions')):
4516                     break
4517
4518                 last_error = 'Incomplete yt initial data received'
4519                 if count >= retries:
4520                     if fatal:
4521                         raise ExtractorError(last_error)
4522                     self.report_warning(last_error)
4523                     break
4524
4525         return webpage, data
4526
4527     def _report_playlist_authcheck(self, ytcfg, fatal=True):
4528         """Use if failed to extract ytcfg (and data) from initial webpage"""
4529         if not ytcfg and self.is_authenticated:
4530             msg = 'Playlists that require authentication may not extract correctly without a successful webpage download'
4531             if 'authcheck' not in self._configuration_arg('skip', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key()) and fatal:
4532                 raise ExtractorError(
4533                     f'{msg}. If you are not downloading private content, or '
4534                     'your cookies are only for the first account and channel,'
4535                     ' pass "--extractor-args youtubetab:skip=authcheck" to skip this check',
4536                     expected=True)
4537             self.report_warning(msg, only_once=True)
4538
4539     def _extract_data(self, url, item_id, ytcfg=None, fatal=True, webpage_fatal=False, default_client='web'):
4540         data = None
4541         if not self.skip_webpage:
4542             webpage, data = self._extract_webpage(url, item_id, fatal=webpage_fatal)
4543             ytcfg = ytcfg or self.extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
4544             # Reject webpage data if redirected to home page without explicitly requesting
4545             selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(traverse_obj(
4546                 data, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs'), expected_type=list, default=[]), fatal=False) or {}
4547             if (url != 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended'
4548                     and selected_tab.get('tabIdentifier') == 'FEwhat_to_watch'  # Home page
4549                     and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in self.get_param('compat_opts', [])):
4550                 msg = 'The channel/playlist does not exist and the URL redirected to youtube.com home page'
4551                 if fatal:
4552                     raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=True)
4553                 self.report_warning(msg, only_once=True)
4554         if not data:
4555             self._report_playlist_authcheck(ytcfg, fatal=fatal)
4556             data = self._extract_tab_endpoint(url, item_id, ytcfg, fatal=fatal, default_client=default_client)
4557         return data, ytcfg
4558
4559     def _extract_tab_endpoint(self, url, item_id, ytcfg=None, fatal=True, default_client='web'):
4560         headers = self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, default_client=default_client)
4561         resolve_response = self._extract_response(
4562             item_id=item_id, query={'url': url}, check_get_keys='endpoint', headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=fatal,
4563             ep='navigation/resolve_url', note='Downloading API parameters API JSON', default_client=default_client)
4564         endpoints = {'browseEndpoint': 'browse', 'watchEndpoint': 'next'}
4565         for ep_key, ep in endpoints.items():
4566             params = try_get(resolve_response, lambda x: x['endpoint'][ep_key], dict)
4567             if params:
4568                 return self._extract_response(
4569                     item_id=item_id, query=params, ep=ep, headers=headers,
4570                     ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=fatal, default_client=default_client,
4571                     check_get_keys=('contents', 'currentVideoEndpoint', 'onResponseReceivedActions'))
4572         err_note = 'Failed to resolve url (does the playlist exist?)'
4573         if fatal:
4574             raise ExtractorError(err_note, expected=True)
4575         self.report_warning(err_note, item_id)
4576
4577     _SEARCH_PARAMS = None
4578
4579     def _search_results(self, query, params=NO_DEFAULT, default_client='web'):
4580         data = {'query': query}
4581         if params is NO_DEFAULT:
4582             params = self._SEARCH_PARAMS
4583         if params:
4584             data['params'] = params
4585
4586         content_keys = (
4587             ('contents', 'twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer', 'primaryContents', 'sectionListRenderer', 'contents'),
4588             ('onResponseReceivedCommands', 0, 'appendContinuationItemsAction', 'continuationItems'),
4589             # ytmusic search
4590             ('contents', 'tabbedSearchResultsRenderer', 'tabs', 0, 'tabRenderer', 'content', 'sectionListRenderer', 'contents'),
4591             ('continuationContents', ),
4592         )
4593         display_id = f'query "{query}"'
4594         check_get_keys = tuple({keys[0] for keys in content_keys})
4595         ytcfg = self._download_ytcfg(default_client, display_id) if not self.skip_webpage else {}
4596         self._report_playlist_authcheck(ytcfg, fatal=False)
4597
4598         continuation_list = [None]
4599         search = None
4600         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
4601             data.update(continuation_list[0] or {})
4602             headers = self.generate_api_headers(
4603                 ytcfg=ytcfg, visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(search), default_client=default_client)
4604             search = self._extract_response(
4605                 item_id=f'{display_id} page {page_num}', ep='search', query=data,
4606                 default_client=default_client, check_get_keys=check_get_keys, ytcfg=ytcfg, headers=headers)
4607             slr_contents = traverse_obj(search, *content_keys)
4608             yield from self._extract_entries({'contents': list(variadic(slr_contents))}, continuation_list)
4609             if not continuation_list[0]:
4610                 break
4611
4612
4613 class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
4614     IE_DESC = 'YouTube Tabs'
4615     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x:
4616         https?://
4617             (?:\w+\.)?
4618             (?:
4619                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
4620                 %(invidious)s
4621             )/
4622             (?:
4623                 (?P<channel_type>channel|c|user|browse)/|
4624                 (?P<not_channel>
4625                     feed/|hashtag/|
4626                     (?:playlist|watch)\?.*?\blist=
4627                 )|
4628                 (?!(?:%(reserved_names)s)\b)  # Direct URLs
4629             )
4630             (?P<id>[^/?\#&]+)
4631     )''' % {
4632         'reserved_names': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._RESERVED_NAMES,
4633         'invidious': '|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
4634     }
4635     IE_NAME = 'youtube:tab'
4636
4637     _TESTS = [{
4638         'note': 'playlists, multipage',
4639         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ИгорьКлейнер/playlists?view=1&flow=grid',
4640         'playlist_mincount': 94,
4641         'info_dict': {
4642             'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4643             'title': 'Igor Kleiner - Playlists',
4644             'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
4645             'uploader': 'Igor Kleiner',
4646             'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4647             'channel': 'Igor Kleiner',
4648             'channel_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4649             'tags': ['"критическое', 'мышление"', '"наука', 'просто"', 'математика', '"анализ', 'данных"'],
4650             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4651             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4652             'channel_follower_count': int
4653         },
4654     }, {
4655         'note': 'playlists, multipage, different order',
4656         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
4657         'playlist_mincount': 94,
4658         'info_dict': {
4659             'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4660             'title': 'Igor Kleiner - Playlists',
4661             'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
4662             'uploader_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4663             'uploader': 'Igor Kleiner',
4664             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4665             'tags': ['"критическое', 'мышление"', '"наука', 'просто"', 'математика', '"анализ', 'данных"'],
4666             'channel_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4667             'channel': 'Igor Kleiner',
4668             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
4669             'channel_follower_count': int
4670         },
4671     }, {
4672         'note': 'playlists, series',
4673         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=3',
4674         'playlist_mincount': 5,
4675         'info_dict': {
4676             'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4677             'title': '3Blue1Brown - Playlists',
4678             'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
4679             'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4680             'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
4681             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4682             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4683             'channel': '3Blue1Brown',
4684             'channel_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4685             'tags': ['Mathematics'],
4686             'channel_follower_count': int
4687         },
4688     }, {
4689         'note': 'playlists, singlepage',
4690         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
4691         'playlist_mincount': 4,
4692         'info_dict': {
4693             'id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
4694             'title': 'ThirstForScience - Playlists',
4695             'description': 'md5:609399d937ea957b0f53cbffb747a14c',
4696             'uploader': 'ThirstForScience',
4697             'uploader_id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
4698             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
4699             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
4700             'channel_id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
4701             'tags': 'count:13',
4702             'channel': 'ThirstForScience',
4703             'channel_follower_count': int
4704         }
4705     }, {
4706         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChristophLaimer/playlists',
4707         'only_matching': True,
4708     }, {
4709         'note': 'basic, single video playlist',
4710         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
4711         'info_dict': {
4712             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4713             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
4714             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
4715             'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
4716             'description': '',
4717             'tags': [],
4718             'view_count': int,
4719             'modified_date': '20201130',
4720             'channel': 'Sergey M.',
4721             'channel_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4722             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4723             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4724         },
4725         'playlist_count': 1,
4726     }, {
4727         'note': 'empty playlist',
4728         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
4729         'info_dict': {
4730             'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4731             'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
4732             'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
4733             'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
4734             'tags': [],
4735             'channel': 'Sergey M.',
4736             'description': '',
4737             'modified_date': '20160902',
4738             'channel_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4739             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4740             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4741         },
4742         'playlist_count': 0,
4743     }, {
4744         'note': 'Home tab',
4745         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/featured',
4746         'info_dict': {
4747             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4748             'title': 'lex will - Home',
4749             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
4750             'uploader': 'lex will',
4751             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4752             'channel': 'lex will',
4753             'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
4754             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4755             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4756             'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4757             'channel_follower_count': int
4758         },
4759         'playlist_mincount': 2,
4760     }, {
4761         'note': 'Videos tab',
4762         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos',
4763         'info_dict': {
4764             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4765             'title': 'lex will - Videos',
4766             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
4767             'uploader': 'lex will',
4768             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4769             'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
4770             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4771             'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4772             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4773             'channel': 'lex will',
4774             'channel_follower_count': int
4775         },
4776         'playlist_mincount': 975,
4777     }, {
4778         'note': 'Videos tab, sorted by popular',
4779         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid',
4780         'info_dict': {
4781             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4782             'title': 'lex will - Videos',
4783             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
4784             'uploader': 'lex will',
4785             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4786             'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4787             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4788             'channel': 'lex will',
4789             'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
4790             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4791             'channel_follower_count': int
4792         },
4793         'playlist_mincount': 199,
4794     }, {
4795         'note': 'Playlists tab',
4796         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/playlists',
4797         'info_dict': {
4798             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4799             'title': 'lex will - Playlists',
4800             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
4801             'uploader': 'lex will',
4802             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4803             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4804             'channel': 'lex will',
4805             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4806             'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4807             'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
4808             'channel_follower_count': int
4809         },
4810         'playlist_mincount': 17,
4811     }, {
4812         'note': 'Community tab',
4813         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/community',
4814         'info_dict': {
4815             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4816             'title': 'lex will - Community',
4817             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
4818             'uploader': 'lex will',
4819             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4820             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4821             'channel': 'lex will',
4822             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4823             'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4824             'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
4825             'channel_follower_count': int
4826         },
4827         'playlist_mincount': 18,
4828     }, {
4829         'note': 'Channels tab',
4830         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/channels',
4831         'info_dict': {
4832             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4833             'title': 'lex will - Channels',
4834             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
4835             'uploader': 'lex will',
4836             'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4837             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4838             'channel': 'lex will',
4839             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4840             'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
4841             'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
4842             'channel_follower_count': int
4843         },
4844         'playlist_mincount': 12,
4845     }, {
4846         'note': 'Search tab',
4847         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/search?query=linear%20algebra',
4848         'playlist_mincount': 40,
4849         'info_dict': {
4850             'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4851             'title': '3Blue1Brown - Search - linear algebra',
4852             'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
4853             'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
4854             'uploader_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4855             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4856             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4857             'tags': ['Mathematics'],
4858             'channel': '3Blue1Brown',
4859             'channel_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
4860             'channel_follower_count': int
4861         },
4862     }, {
4863         'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4864         'only_matching': True,
4865     }, {
4866         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4867         'only_matching': True,
4868     }, {
4869         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
4870         'only_matching': True,
4871     }, {
4872         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
4873         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
4874         'info_dict': {
4875             'title': '29C3: Not my department',
4876             'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
4877             'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
4878             'uploader_id': 'UCEPzS1rYsrkqzSLNp76nrcg',
4879             'description': 'md5:a14dc1a8ef8307a9807fe136a0660268',
4880             'tags': [],
4881             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChRiStIaAn008',
4882             'view_count': int,
4883             'modified_date': '20150605',
4884             'channel_id': 'UCEPzS1rYsrkqzSLNp76nrcg',
4885             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChRiStIaAn008',
4886             'channel': 'Christiaan008',
4887         },
4888         'playlist_count': 96,
4889     }, {
4890         'note': 'Large playlist',
4891         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
4892         'info_dict': {
4893             'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
4894             'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
4895             'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
4896             'uploader_id': 'UCBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
4897             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/Cauchemar89',
4898             'tags': [],
4899             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
4900             'channel': 'Cauchemar',
4901             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/Cauchemar89',
4902             'view_count': int,
4903             'description': '',
4904             'channel_id': 'UCBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
4905         },
4906         'playlist_mincount': 1123,
4907         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
4908     }, {
4909         'note': 'even larger playlist, 8832 videos',
4910         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/NASAgovVideo/videos',
4911         'only_matching': True,
4912     }, {
4913         'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
4914         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
4915         'info_dict': {
4916             'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
4917             'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
4918             'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
4919             'uploader_id': 'UCXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
4920             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/InterstellarMovie',
4921             'tags': [],
4922             'view_count': int,
4923             'channel_id': 'UCXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
4924             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/InterstellarMovie',
4925             'channel': 'Interstellar Movie',
4926             'description': '',
4927             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
4928         },
4929         'playlist_mincount': 21,
4930     }, {
4931         'note': 'Playlist with "show unavailable videos" button',
4932         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
4933         'info_dict': {
4934             'title': 'Uploads from Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
4935             'id': 'UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
4936             'uploader': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
4937             'uploader_id': 'UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
4938             'view_count': int,
4939             'channel': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
4940             'tags': [],
4941             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
4942             'description': '',
4943             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
4944             'channel_id': 'UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
4945             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
4946         },
4947         'playlist_mincount': 200,
4948         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
4949     }, {
4950         'note': 'Playlist with unavailable videos in page 7',
4951         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
4952         'info_dict': {
4953             'title': 'Uploads from BlankTV',
4954             'id': 'UU8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
4955             'uploader': 'BlankTV',
4956             'uploader_id': 'UC8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
4957             'channel': 'BlankTV',
4958             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/blanktv',
4959             'channel_id': 'UC8l9frL61Yl5KFOl87nIm2w',
4960             'view_count': int,
4961             'tags': [],
4962             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/blanktv',
4963             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
4964             'description': '',
4965         },
4966         'playlist_mincount': 1000,
4967         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
4968     }, {
4969         'note': 'https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844',
4970         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
4971         'info_dict': {
4972             'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
4973             'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
4974             'uploader_id': 'UC9-y-6csu5WGm29I7JiwpnA',
4975             'uploader': 'Computerphile',
4976             'description': 'md5:7f567c574d13d3f8c0954d9ffee4e487',
4977             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Computerphile',
4978             'tags': [],
4979             'view_count': int,
4980             'channel_id': 'UC9-y-6csu5WGm29I7JiwpnA',
4981             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Computerphile',
4982             'channel': 'Computerphile',
4983         },
4984         'playlist_mincount': 11,
4985     }, {
4986         'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
4987         'only_matching': True,
4988     }, {
4989         'note': 'Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist',
4990         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
4991         'info_dict': {
4992             'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
4993             'ext': 'webm',
4994             'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
4995             'uploader': 'STREEM',
4996             'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
4997             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
4998             'upload_date': '20150526',
4999             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
5000             'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
5001             'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
5002             'tags': list,
5003             'view_count': int,
5004             'like_count': int,
5005         },
5006         'params': {
5007             'skip_download': True,
5008         },
5009         'skip': 'This video is not available.',
5010         'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
5011     }, {
5012         'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
5013         'only_matching': True,
5014     }, {
5015         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
5016         'only_matching': True,
5017     }, {
5018         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ/live',
5019         'info_dict': {
5020             'id': 'Wq15eF5vCbI',  # This will keep changing
5021             'ext': 'mp4',
5022             'title': str,
5023             'uploader': 'Sky News',
5024             'uploader_id': 'skynews',
5025             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/skynews',
5026             'upload_date': r're:\d{8}',
5027             'description': str,
5028             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
5029             'tags': list,
5030             'like_count': int,
5031             'release_timestamp': 1642502819,
5032             'channel': 'Sky News',
5033             'channel_id': 'UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ',
5034             'age_limit': 0,
5035             'view_count': int,
5036             'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/GgL890LIznQ/maxresdefault_live.jpg',
5037             'playable_in_embed': True,
5038             'release_date': '20220118',
5039             'availability': 'public',
5040             'live_status': 'is_live',
5041             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ',
5042             'channel_follower_count': int
5043         },
5044         'params': {
5045             'skip_download': True,
5046         },
5047         'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks found in '],
5048     }, {
5049         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
5050         'info_dict': {
5051             'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
5052             'ext': 'mp4',
5053             'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
5054             'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
5055             'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
5056             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
5057             'upload_date': '20150715',
5058             'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
5059             'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
5060             'categories': ['News & Politics'],
5061             'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
5062             'like_count': int,
5063         },
5064         'params': {
5065             'skip_download': True,
5066         },
5067         'only_matching': True,
5068     }, {
5069         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
5070         'only_matching': True,
5071     }, {
5072         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
5073         'only_matching': True,
5074     }, {
5075         'note': 'A channel that is not live. Should raise error',
5076         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/numberphile/live',
5077         'only_matching': True,
5078     }, {
5079         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending',
5080         'only_matching': True,
5081     }, {
5082         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/library',
5083         'only_matching': True,
5084     }, {
5085         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/history',
5086         'only_matching': True,
5087     }, {
5088         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/subscriptions',
5089         'only_matching': True,
5090     }, {
5091         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/watch_later',
5092         'only_matching': True,
5093     }, {
5094         'note': 'Recommended - redirects to home page.',
5095         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
5096         'only_matching': True,
5097     }, {
5098         'note': 'inline playlist with not always working continuations',
5099         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UC6u0Tct-Fo&list=PL36D642111D65BE7C',
5100         'only_matching': True,
5101     }, {
5102         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course',
5103         'only_matching': True,
5104     }, {
5105         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/zsecurity',
5106         'only_matching': True,
5107     }, {
5108         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/NASAgovVideo/videos',
5109         'only_matching': True,
5110     }, {
5111         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
5112         'only_matching': True,
5113     }, {
5114         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/hashtag/cctv9',
5115         'info_dict': {
5116             'id': 'cctv9',
5117             'title': '#cctv9',
5118             'tags': [],
5119         },
5120         'playlist_mincount': 350,
5121     }, {
5122         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLW4dVinRY435CBE_JD3t-0SRXKfnZHS1P&feature=youtu.be&v=M9cJMXmQ_ZU',
5123         'only_matching': True,
5124     }, {
5125         'note': 'Requires Premium: should request additional YTM-info webpage (and have format 141) for videos in playlist',
5126         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
5127         'only_matching': True
5128     }, {
5129         'note': '/browse/ should redirect to /channel/',
5130         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC1a8OFewdjuLq6KlF8M_8Ng',
5131         'only_matching': True
5132     }, {
5133         'note': 'VLPL, should redirect to playlist?list=PL...',
5134         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/VLPLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
5135         'info_dict': {
5136             'id': 'PLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
5137             'uploader': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
5138             'description': 'Providing you with copyright free / safe music for gaming, live streaming, studying and more!',
5139             'uploader_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
5140             'title': 'NCS : All Releases 💿',
5141             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/NoCopyrightSounds',
5142             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/NoCopyrightSounds',
5143             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
5144             'view_count': int,
5145             'channel_id': 'UC_aEa8K-EOJ3D6gOs7HcyNg',
5146             'tags': [],
5147             'channel': 'NoCopyrightSounds',
5148         },
5149         'playlist_mincount': 166,
5150         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
5151     }, {
5152         'note': 'Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
5153         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5154         'info_dict': {
5155             'id': 'UU9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5156             'uploader_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5157             'title': 'Uploads from Royalty Free Music - Topic',
5158             'uploader': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
5159             'tags': [],
5160             'channel_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5161             'channel': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
5162             'view_count': int,
5163             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5164             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5165             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
5166             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5167             'description': '',
5168         },
5169         'expected_warnings': [
5170             'The URL does not have a videos tab',
5171             r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden',
5172         ],
5173         'playlist_mincount': 101,
5174     }, {
5175         'note': 'Topic without a UU playlist',
5176         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
5177         'info_dict': {
5178             'id': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
5179             'title': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
5180             'tags': [],
5181         },
5182         'expected_warnings': [
5183             'the playlist redirect gave error',
5184         ],
5185         'playlist_mincount': 9,
5186     }, {
5187         'note': 'Youtube music Album',
5188         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/MPREb_gTAcphH99wE',
5189         'info_dict': {
5190             'id': 'OLAK5uy_l1m0thk3g31NmIIz_vMIbWtyv7eZixlH0',
5191             'title': 'Album - Royalty Free Music Library V2 (50 Songs)',
5192             'tags': [],
5193             'view_count': int,
5194             'description': '',
5195             'availability': 'unlisted',
5196             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
5197         },
5198         'playlist_count': 50,
5199     }, {
5200         'note': 'unlisted single video playlist',
5201         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
5202         'info_dict': {
5203             'uploader_id': 'UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
5204             'uploader': 'colethedj',
5205             'id': 'PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
5206             'title': 'yt-dlp unlisted playlist test',
5207             'availability': 'unlisted',
5208             'tags': [],
5209             'modified_date': '20220418',
5210             'channel': 'colethedj',
5211             'view_count': int,
5212             'description': '',
5213             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
5214             'channel_id': 'UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
5215             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
5216         },
5217         'playlist_count': 1,
5218     }, {
5219         'note': 'API Fallback: Recommended - redirects to home page. Requires visitorData',
5220         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
5221         'info_dict': {
5222             'id': 'recommended',
5223             'title': 'recommended',
5224             'tags': [],
5225         },
5226         'playlist_mincount': 50,
5227         'params': {
5228             'skip_download': True,
5229             'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
5230         },
5231     }, {
5232         'note': 'API Fallback: /videos tab, sorted by oldest first',
5233         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/theCodyReeder/videos?view=0&sort=da&flow=grid',
5234         'info_dict': {
5235             'id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
5236             'title': 'Cody\'sLab - Videos',
5237             'description': 'md5:d083b7c2f0c67ee7a6c74c3e9b4243fa',
5238             'uploader': 'Cody\'sLab',
5239             'uploader_id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
5240             'channel': 'Cody\'sLab',
5241             'channel_id': 'UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
5242             'tags': [],
5243             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
5244             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw',
5245             'channel_follower_count': int
5246         },
5247         'playlist_mincount': 650,
5248         'params': {
5249             'skip_download': True,
5250             'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
5251         },
5252     }, {
5253         'note': 'API Fallback: Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
5254         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5255         'info_dict': {
5256             'id': 'UU9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5257             'uploader_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5258             'title': 'Uploads from Royalty Free Music - Topic',
5259             'uploader': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
5260             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
5261             'channel_id': 'UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5262             'description': '',
5263             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5264             'tags': [],
5265             'channel': 'Royalty Free Music - Topic',
5266             'view_count': int,
5267             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
5268         },
5269         'expected_warnings': [
5270             'does not have a videos tab',
5271             r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden',
5272         ],
5273         'playlist_mincount': 101,
5274         'params': {
5275             'skip_download': True,
5276             'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}}
5277         },
5278     }, {
5279         'note': 'non-standard redirect to regional channel',
5280         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwVVpHQ2Cs9iGJfpdFngePQ',
5281         'only_matching': True
5282     }, {
5283         'note': 'collaborative playlist (uploader name in the form "by <uploader> and x other(s)")',
5284         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLx-_-Kk4c89oOHEDQAojOXzEzemXxoqx6',
5285         'info_dict': {
5286             'id': 'PLx-_-Kk4c89oOHEDQAojOXzEzemXxoqx6',
5287             'modified_date': '20220407',
5288             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKcqXmCcyqnhgpA5P0oHH_Q',
5289             'tags': [],
5290             'uploader_id': 'UCKcqXmCcyqnhgpA5P0oHH_Q',
5291             'uploader': 'pukkandan',
5292             'availability': 'unlisted',
5293             'channel_id': 'UCKcqXmCcyqnhgpA5P0oHH_Q',
5294             'channel': 'pukkandan',
5295             'description': 'Test for collaborative playlist',
5296             'title': 'yt-dlp test - collaborative playlist',
5297             'view_count': int,
5298             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKcqXmCcyqnhgpA5P0oHH_Q',
5299         },
5300         'playlist_mincount': 2
5301     }]
5302
5303     @classmethod
5304     def suitable(cls, url):
5305         return False if YoutubeIE.suitable(url) else super().suitable(url)
5306
5307     _URL_RE = re.compile(rf'(?P<pre>{_VALID_URL})(?(not_channel)|(?P<tab>/\w+))?(?P<post>.*)$')
5308
5309     @YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor.passthrough_smuggled_data
5310     def _real_extract(self, url, smuggled_data):
5311         item_id = self._match_id(url)
5312         url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(
5313             urllib.parse.urlparse(url)._replace(netloc='www.youtube.com'))
5314         compat_opts = self.get_param('compat_opts', [])
5315
5316         def get_mobj(url):
5317             mobj = self._URL_RE.match(url).groupdict()
5318             mobj.update((k, '') for k, v in mobj.items() if v is None)
5319             return mobj
5320
5321         mobj, redirect_warning = get_mobj(url), None
5322         # Youtube returns incomplete data if tabname is not lower case
5323         pre, tab, post, is_channel = mobj['pre'], mobj['tab'].lower(), mobj['post'], not mobj['not_channel']
5324         if is_channel:
5325             if smuggled_data.get('is_music_url'):
5326                 if item_id[:2] == 'VL':  # Youtube music VL channels have an equivalent playlist
5327                     item_id = item_id[2:]
5328                     pre, tab, post, is_channel = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={item_id}', '', '', False
5329                 elif item_id[:2] == 'MP':  # Resolve albums (/[channel/browse]/MP...) to their equivalent playlist
5330                     mdata = self._extract_tab_endpoint(
5331                         f'https://music.youtube.com/channel/{item_id}', item_id, default_client='web_music')
5332                     murl = traverse_obj(mdata, ('microformat', 'microformatDataRenderer', 'urlCanonical'),
5333                                         get_all=False, expected_type=str)
5334                     if not murl:
5335                         raise ExtractorError('Failed to resolve album to playlist')
5336                     return self.url_result(murl, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
5337                 elif mobj['channel_type'] == 'browse':  # Youtube music /browse/ should be changed to /channel/
5338                     pre = f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{item_id}'
5339
5340         original_tab_name = tab
5341         if is_channel and not tab and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
5342             # Home URLs should redirect to /videos/
5343             redirect_warning = ('A channel/user page was given. All the channel\'s videos will be downloaded. '
5344                                 'To download only the videos in the home page, add a "/featured" to the URL')
5345             tab = '/videos'
5346
5347         url = ''.join((pre, tab, post))
5348         mobj = get_mobj(url)
5349
5350         # Handle both video/playlist URLs
5351         qs = parse_qs(url)
5352         video_id, playlist_id = (qs.get(key, [None])[0] for key in ('v', 'list'))
5353
5354         if not video_id and mobj['not_channel'].startswith('watch'):
5355             if not playlist_id:
5356                 # If there is neither video or playlist ids, youtube redirects to home page, which is undesirable
5357                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
5358             # Common mistake: https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=playlist_id
5359             self.report_warning(f'A video URL was given without video ID. Trying to download playlist {playlist_id}')
5360             url = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={playlist_id}'
5361             mobj = get_mobj(url)
5362
5363         if video_id and playlist_id:
5364             if self.get_param('noplaylist'):
5365                 self.to_screen(f'Downloading just video {video_id} because of --no-playlist')
5366                 return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
5367                                        ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
5368             self.to_screen(f'Downloading playlist {playlist_id}; add --no-playlist to just download video {video_id}')
5369
5370         data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(url, item_id)
5371
5372         # YouTube may provide a non-standard redirect to the regional channel
5373         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/2694
5374         redirect_url = traverse_obj(
5375             data, ('onResponseReceivedActions', ..., 'navigateAction', 'endpoint', 'commandMetadata', 'webCommandMetadata', 'url'), get_all=False)
5376         if redirect_url and 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
5377             redirect_url = ''.join((
5378                 urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', redirect_url), mobj['tab'], mobj['post']))
5379             self.to_screen(f'This playlist is likely not available in your region. Following redirect to regional playlist {redirect_url}')
5380             return self.url_result(redirect_url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
5381
5382         tabs = traverse_obj(data, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs'), expected_type=list)
5383         if tabs:
5384             selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
5385             selected_tab_name = selected_tab.get('title', '').lower()
5386             if selected_tab_name == 'home':
5387                 selected_tab_name = 'featured'
5388             requested_tab_name = mobj['tab'][1:]
5389             if 'no-youtube-channel-redirect' not in compat_opts:
5390                 if requested_tab_name == 'live':  # Live tab should have redirected to the video
5391                     raise UserNotLive(video_id=mobj['id'])
5392                 if requested_tab_name not in ('', selected_tab_name):
5393                     redirect_warning = f'The channel does not have a {requested_tab_name} tab'
5394                     if not original_tab_name:
5395                         if item_id[:2] == 'UC':
5396                             # Topic channels don't have /videos. Use the equivalent playlist instead
5397                             pl_id = f'UU{item_id[2:]}'
5398                             pl_url = f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={pl_id}'
5399                             try:
5400                                 data, ytcfg = self._extract_data(pl_url, pl_id, ytcfg=ytcfg, fatal=True, webpage_fatal=True)
5401                             except ExtractorError:
5402                                 redirect_warning += ' and the playlist redirect gave error'
5403                             else:
5404                                 item_id, url, selected_tab_name = pl_id, pl_url, requested_tab_name
5405                                 redirect_warning += f'. Redirecting to playlist {pl_id} instead'
5406                         if selected_tab_name and selected_tab_name != requested_tab_name:
5407                             redirect_warning += f'. {selected_tab_name} tab is being downloaded instead'
5408                     else:
5409                         raise ExtractorError(redirect_warning, expected=True)
5410
5411         if redirect_warning:
5412             self.to_screen(redirect_warning)
5413         self.write_debug(f'Final URL: {url}')
5414
5415         # YouTube sometimes provides a button to reload playlist with unavailable videos.
5416         if 'no-youtube-unavailable-videos' not in compat_opts:
5417             data = self._reload_with_unavailable_videos(item_id, data, ytcfg) or data
5418         self._extract_and_report_alerts(data, only_once=True)
5419         tabs = traverse_obj(data, ('contents', 'twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer', 'tabs'), expected_type=list)
5420         if tabs:
5421             return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, ytcfg, data, tabs)
5422
5423         playlist = traverse_obj(
5424             data, ('contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'playlist', 'playlist'), expected_type=dict)
5425         if playlist:
5426             return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist, ytcfg)
5427
5428         video_id = traverse_obj(
5429             data, ('currentVideoEndpoint', 'watchEndpoint', 'videoId'), expected_type=str) or video_id
5430         if video_id:
5431             if mobj['tab'] != '/live':  # live tab is expected to redirect to video
5432                 self.report_warning(f'Unable to recognize playlist. Downloading just video {video_id}')
5433             return self.url_result(f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
5434                                    ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
5435
5436         raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
5437
5438
5439 class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
5440     IE_DESC = 'YouTube playlists'
5441     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(?:
5442                         (?:https?://)?
5443                         (?:\w+\.)?
5444                         (?:
5445                             (?:
5446                                 youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
5447                                 %(invidious)s
5448                             )
5449                             /.*?\?.*?\blist=
5450                         )?
5451                         (?P<id>%(playlist_id)s)
5452                      )''' % {
5453         'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE,
5454         'invidious': '|'.join(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._INVIDIOUS_SITES),
5455     }
5456     IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
5457     _TESTS = [{
5458         'note': 'issue #673',
5459         'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
5460         'info_dict': {
5461             'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
5462             'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
5463             'uploader': 'Wickman',
5464             'uploader_id': 'UCKSpbfbl5kRQpTdL7kMc-1Q',
5465             'description': 'md5:8fa6f52abb47a9552002fa3ddfc57fc2',
5466             'view_count': int,
5467             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Wickydoo',
5468             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
5469             'channel_id': 'UCKSpbfbl5kRQpTdL7kMc-1Q',
5470             'channel': 'Wickman',
5471             'tags': [],
5472             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/Wickydoo',
5473         },
5474         'playlist_mincount': 29,
5475     }, {
5476         'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
5477         'info_dict': {
5478             'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
5479             'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
5480         },
5481         'playlist_count': 2,
5482         'skip': 'This playlist is private',
5483     }, {
5484         'note': 'embedded',
5485         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
5486         'playlist_count': 4,
5487         'info_dict': {
5488             'title': 'JODA15',
5489             'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
5490             'uploader': 'milan',
5491             'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
5492             'description': '',
5493             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
5494             'tags': [],
5495             'modified_date': '20140919',
5496             'view_count': int,
5497             'channel': 'milan',
5498             'channel_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
5499             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
5500         },
5501         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
5502     }, {
5503         'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
5504         'playlist_mincount': 455,
5505         'info_dict': {
5506             'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
5507             'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
5508             'uploader': 'LBK',
5509             'uploader_id': 'UC21nz3_MesPLqtDqwdvnoxA',
5510             'description': 'md5:da521864744d60a198e3a88af4db0d9d',
5511             'channel': 'LBK',
5512             'view_count': int,
5513             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/愛低音的國王',
5514             'tags': [],
5515             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/愛低音的國王',
5516             'channel_id': 'UC21nz3_MesPLqtDqwdvnoxA',
5517             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
5518         },
5519         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
5520     }, {
5521         'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
5522         'only_matching': True,
5523     }, {
5524         # music album playlist
5525         'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
5526         'only_matching': True,
5527     }]
5528
5529     @classmethod
5530     def suitable(cls, url):
5531         if YoutubeTabIE.suitable(url):
5532             return False
5533         from ..utils import parse_qs
5534         qs = parse_qs(url)
5535         if qs.get('v', [None])[0]:
5536             return False
5537         return super().suitable(url)
5538
5539     def _real_extract(self, url):
5540         playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
5541         is_music_url = YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor.is_music_url(url)
5542         url = update_url_query(
5543             'https://www.youtube.com/playlist',
5544             parse_qs(url) or {'list': playlist_id})
5545         if is_music_url:
5546             url = smuggle_url(url, {'is_music_url': True})
5547         return self.url_result(url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
5548
5549
5550 class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
5551     IE_DESC = 'youtu.be'
5552     _VALID_URL = r'https?://youtu\.be/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})/*?.*?\blist=(?P<playlist_id>%(playlist_id)s)' % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
5553     _TESTS = [{
5554         'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
5555         'info_dict': {
5556             'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
5557             'ext': 'mp4',
5558             'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
5559             'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
5560             'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
5561             'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
5562             'upload_date': '20161008',
5563             'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
5564             'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
5565             'tags': list,
5566             'like_count': int,
5567             'age_limit': 0,
5568             'playable_in_embed': True,
5569             'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/yeWKywCrFtk/maxresdefault.webp',
5570             'channel': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
5571             'channel_id': 'UCEfMCQ9bs3tjvjy1s451zaw',
5572             'live_status': 'not_live',
5573             'view_count': int,
5574             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEfMCQ9bs3tjvjy1s451zaw',
5575             'availability': 'public',
5576             'duration': 59,
5577             'comment_count': int,
5578             'channel_follower_count': int
5579         },
5580         'params': {
5581             'noplaylist': True,
5582             'skip_download': True,
5583         },
5584     }, {
5585         'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
5586         'only_matching': True,
5587     }]
5588
5589     def _real_extract(self, url):
5590         mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
5591         video_id = mobj.group('id')
5592         playlist_id = mobj.group('playlist_id')
5593         return self.url_result(
5594             update_url_query('https://www.youtube.com/watch', {
5595                 'v': video_id,
5596                 'list': playlist_id,
5597                 'feature': 'youtu.be',
5598             }), ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
5599
5600
5601 class YoutubeLivestreamEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
5602     IE_DESC = 'YouTube livestream embeds'
5603     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/embed/live_stream/?\?(?:[^#]+&)?channel=(?P<id>[^&#]+)'
5604     _TESTS = [{
5605         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/live_stream?channel=UC2_KI6RB__jGdlnK6dvFEZA',
5606         'only_matching': True,
5607     }]
5608
5609     def _real_extract(self, url):
5610         channel_id = self._match_id(url)
5611         return self.url_result(
5612             f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{channel_id}/live',
5613             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=channel_id)
5614
5615
5616 class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
5617     IE_DESC = 'YouTube user videos; "ytuser:" prefix'
5618     IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
5619     _VALID_URL = r'ytuser:(?P<id>.+)'
5620     _TESTS = [{
5621         'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
5622         'only_matching': True,
5623     }]
5624
5625     def _real_extract(self, url):
5626         user_id = self._match_id(url)
5627         return self.url_result(
5628             'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s/videos' % user_id,
5629             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=user_id)
5630
5631
5632 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
5633     IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
5634     IE_DESC = 'YouTube liked videos; ":ytfav" keyword (requires cookies)'
5635     _VALID_URL = r':ytfav(?:ou?rite)?s?'
5636     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
5637     _TESTS = [{
5638         'url': ':ytfav',
5639         'only_matching': True,
5640     }, {
5641         'url': ':ytfavorites',
5642         'only_matching': True,
5643     }]
5644
5645     def _real_extract(self, url):
5646         return self.url_result(
5647             'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=LL',
5648             ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
5649
5650
5651 class YoutubeNotificationsIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
5652     IE_NAME = 'youtube:notif'
5653     IE_DESC = 'YouTube notifications; ":ytnotif" keyword (requires cookies)'
5654     _VALID_URL = r':ytnotif(?:ication)?s?'
5655     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
5656     _TESTS = [{
5657         'url': ':ytnotif',
5658         'only_matching': True,
5659     }, {
5660         'url': ':ytnotifications',
5661         'only_matching': True,
5662     }]
5663
5664     def _extract_notification_menu(self, response, continuation_list):
5665         notification_list = traverse_obj(
5666             response,
5667             ('actions', 0, 'openPopupAction', 'popup', 'multiPageMenuRenderer', 'sections', 0, 'multiPageMenuNotificationSectionRenderer', 'items'),
5668             ('actions', 0, 'appendContinuationItemsAction', 'continuationItems'),
5669             expected_type=list) or []
5670         continuation_list[0] = None
5671         for item in notification_list:
5672             entry = self._extract_notification_renderer(item.get('notificationRenderer'))
5673             if entry:
5674                 yield entry
5675             continuation = item.get('continuationItemRenderer')
5676             if continuation:
5677                 continuation_list[0] = continuation
5678
5679     def _extract_notification_renderer(self, notification):
5680         video_id = traverse_obj(
5681             notification, ('navigationEndpoint', 'watchEndpoint', 'videoId'), expected_type=str)
5682         url = f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}'
5683         channel_id = None
5684         if not video_id:
5685             browse_ep = traverse_obj(
5686                 notification, ('navigationEndpoint', 'browseEndpoint'), expected_type=dict)
5687             channel_id = traverse_obj(browse_ep, 'browseId', expected_type=str)
5688             post_id = self._search_regex(
5689                 r'/post/(.+)', traverse_obj(browse_ep, 'canonicalBaseUrl', expected_type=str),
5690                 'post id', default=None)
5691             if not channel_id or not post_id:
5692                 return
5693             # The direct /post url redirects to this in the browser
5694             url = f'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{channel_id}/community?lb={post_id}'
5695
5696         channel = traverse_obj(
5697             notification, ('contextualMenu', 'menuRenderer', 'items', 1, 'menuServiceItemRenderer', 'text', 'runs', 1, 'text'),
5698             expected_type=str)
5699         notification_title = self._get_text(notification, 'shortMessage')
5700         if notification_title:
5701             notification_title = notification_title.replace('\xad', '')  # remove soft hyphens
5702         # TODO: handle recommended videos
5703         title = self._search_regex(
5704             rf'{re.escape(channel or "")}[^:]+: (.+)', notification_title,
5705             'video title', default=None)
5706         upload_date = (strftime_or_none(self._extract_time_text(notification, 'sentTimeText')[0], '%Y%m%d')
5707                        if self._configuration_arg('approximate_date', ie_key=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
5708                        else None)
5709         return {
5710             '_type': 'url',
5711             'url': url,
5712             'ie_key': (YoutubeIE if video_id else YoutubeTabIE).ie_key(),
5713             'video_id': video_id,
5714             'title': title,
5715             'channel_id': channel_id,
5716             'channel': channel,
5717             'thumbnails': self._extract_thumbnails(notification, 'videoThumbnail'),
5718             'upload_date': upload_date,
5719         }
5720
5721     def _notification_menu_entries(self, ytcfg):
5722         continuation_list = [None]
5723         response = None
5724         for page in itertools.count(1):
5725             ctoken = traverse_obj(
5726                 continuation_list, (0, 'continuationEndpoint', 'getNotificationMenuEndpoint', 'ctoken'), expected_type=str)
5727             response = self._extract_response(
5728                 item_id=f'page {page}', query={'ctoken': ctoken} if ctoken else {}, ytcfg=ytcfg,
5729                 ep='notification/get_notification_menu', check_get_keys='actions',
5730                 headers=self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, visitor_data=self._extract_visitor_data(response)))
5731             yield from self._extract_notification_menu(response, continuation_list)
5732             if not continuation_list[0]:
5733                 break
5734
5735     def _real_extract(self, url):
5736         display_id = 'notifications'
5737         ytcfg = self._download_ytcfg('web', display_id) if not self.skip_webpage else {}
5738         self._report_playlist_authcheck(ytcfg)
5739         return self.playlist_result(self._notification_menu_entries(ytcfg), display_id, display_id)
5740
5741
5742 class YoutubeSearchIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor):
5743     IE_DESC = 'YouTube search'
5744     IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
5745     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
5746     _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'EgIQAQ%3D%3D'  # Videos only
5747     _TESTS = [{
5748         'url': 'ytsearch5:youtube-dl test video',
5749         'playlist_count': 5,
5750         'info_dict': {
5751             'id': 'youtube-dl test video',
5752             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
5753         }
5754     }]
5755
5756
5757 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor):
5758     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
5759     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
5760     IE_DESC = 'YouTube search, newest videos first'
5761     _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'CAISAhAB'  # Videos only, sorted by date
5762     _TESTS = [{
5763         'url': 'ytsearchdate5:youtube-dl test video',
5764         'playlist_count': 5,
5765         'info_dict': {
5766             'id': 'youtube-dl test video',
5767             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
5768         }
5769     }]
5770
5771
5772 class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
5773     IE_DESC = 'YouTube search URLs with sorting and filter support'
5774     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + '_url'
5775     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/(?:results|search)\?([^#]+&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?:[^&]+)(?:[&#]|$)'
5776     _TESTS = [{
5777         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
5778         'playlist_mincount': 5,
5779         'info_dict': {
5780             'id': 'youtube-dl test video',
5781             'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
5782         }
5783     }, {
5784         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=python&sp=EgIQAg%253D%253D',
5785         'playlist_mincount': 5,
5786         'info_dict': {
5787             'id': 'python',
5788             'title': 'python',
5789         }
5790     }, {
5791         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=%23cats',
5792         'playlist_mincount': 1,
5793         'info_dict': {
5794             'id': '#cats',
5795             'title': '#cats',
5796             # The test suite does not have support for nested playlists
5797             # 'entries': [{
5798             #     'url': r're:https://(www\.)?youtube\.com/hashtag/cats',
5799             #     'title': '#cats',
5800             # }],
5801         },
5802     }, {
5803         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
5804         'only_matching': True,
5805     }]
5806
5807     def _real_extract(self, url):
5808         qs = parse_qs(url)
5809         query = (qs.get('search_query') or qs.get('q'))[0]
5810         return self.playlist_result(self._search_results(query, qs.get('sp', (None,))[0]), query, query)
5811
5812
5813 class YoutubeMusicSearchURLIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
5814     IE_DESC = 'YouTube music search URLs with selectable sections (Eg: #songs)'
5815     IE_NAME = 'youtube:music:search_url'
5816     _VALID_URL = r'https?://music\.youtube\.com/search\?([^#]+&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?:[^&]+)(?:[&#]|$)'
5817     _TESTS = [{
5818         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/search?q=royalty+free+music',
5819         'playlist_count': 16,
5820         'info_dict': {
5821             'id': 'royalty free music',
5822             'title': 'royalty free music',
5823         }
5824     }, {
5825         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/search?q=royalty+free+music&sp=EgWKAQIIAWoKEAoQAxAEEAkQBQ%3D%3D',
5826         'playlist_mincount': 30,
5827         'info_dict': {
5828             'id': 'royalty free music - songs',
5829             'title': 'royalty free music - songs',
5830         },
5831         'params': {'extract_flat': 'in_playlist'}
5832     }, {
5833         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/search?q=royalty+free+music#community+playlists',
5834         'playlist_mincount': 30,
5835         'info_dict': {
5836             'id': 'royalty free music - community playlists',
5837             'title': 'royalty free music - community playlists',
5838         },
5839         'params': {'extract_flat': 'in_playlist'}
5840     }]
5841
5842     _SECTIONS = {
5843         'albums': 'EgWKAQIYAWoKEAoQAxAEEAkQBQ==',
5844         'artists': 'EgWKAQIgAWoKEAoQAxAEEAkQBQ==',
5845         'community playlists': 'EgeKAQQoAEABagoQChADEAQQCRAF',
5846         'featured playlists': 'EgeKAQQoADgBagwQAxAJEAQQDhAKEAU==',
5847         'songs': 'EgWKAQIIAWoKEAoQAxAEEAkQBQ==',
5848         'videos': 'EgWKAQIQAWoKEAoQAxAEEAkQBQ==',
5849     }
5850
5851     def _real_extract(self, url):
5852         qs = parse_qs(url)
5853         query = (qs.get('search_query') or qs.get('q'))[0]
5854         params = qs.get('sp', (None,))[0]
5855         if params:
5856             section = next((k for k, v in self._SECTIONS.items() if v == params), params)
5857         else:
5858             section = urllib.parse.unquote_plus((url.split('#') + [''])[1]).lower()
5859             params = self._SECTIONS.get(section)
5860             if not params:
5861                 section = None
5862         title = join_nonempty(query, section, delim=' - ')
5863         return self.playlist_result(self._search_results(query, params, default_client='web_music'), title, title)
5864
5865
5866 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
5867     """
5868     Base class for feed extractors
5869     Subclasses must re-define the _FEED_NAME property.
5870     """
5871     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
5872     _FEED_NAME = 'feeds'
5873
5874     def _real_initialize(self):
5875         YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._check_login_required(self)
5876
5877     @classproperty
5878     def IE_NAME(self):
5879         return f'youtube:{self._FEED_NAME}'
5880
5881     def _real_extract(self, url):
5882         return self.url_result(
5883             f'https://www.youtube.com/feed/{self._FEED_NAME}', ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
5884
5885
5886 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(InfoExtractor):
5887     IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
5888     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list; ":ytwatchlater" keyword (requires cookies)'
5889     _VALID_URL = r':ytwatchlater'
5890     _TESTS = [{
5891         'url': ':ytwatchlater',
5892         'only_matching': True,
5893     }]
5894
5895     def _real_extract(self, url):
5896         return self.url_result(
5897             'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL', ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
5898
5899
5900 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
5901     IE_DESC = 'YouTube recommended videos; ":ytrec" keyword'
5902     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/?(?:[?#]|$)|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
5903     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
5904     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
5905     _TESTS = [{
5906         'url': ':ytrec',
5907         'only_matching': True,
5908     }, {
5909         'url': ':ytrecommended',
5910         'only_matching': True,
5911     }, {
5912         'url': 'https://youtube.com',
5913         'only_matching': True,
5914     }]
5915
5916
5917 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
5918     IE_DESC = 'YouTube subscriptions feed; ":ytsubs" keyword (requires cookies)'
5919     _VALID_URL = r':ytsub(?:scription)?s?'
5920     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
5921     _TESTS = [{
5922         'url': ':ytsubs',
5923         'only_matching': True,
5924     }, {
5925         'url': ':ytsubscriptions',
5926         'only_matching': True,
5927     }]
5928
5929
5930 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
5931     IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history; ":ythis" keyword (requires cookies)'
5932     _VALID_URL = r':ythis(?:tory)?'
5933     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
5934     _TESTS = [{
5935         'url': ':ythistory',
5936         'only_matching': True,
5937     }]
5938
5939
5940 class YoutubeStoriesIE(InfoExtractor):
5941     IE_DESC = 'YouTube channel stories; "ytstories:" prefix'
5942     IE_NAME = 'youtube:stories'
5943     _VALID_URL = r'ytstories:UC(?P<id>[A-Za-z0-9_-]{21}[AQgw])$'
5944     _TESTS = [{
5945         'url': 'ytstories:UCwFCb4jeqaKWnciAYM-ZVHg',
5946         'only_matching': True,
5947     }]
5948
5949     def _real_extract(self, url):
5950         playlist_id = f'RLTD{self._match_id(url)}'
5951         return self.url_result(
5952             f'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list={playlist_id}&playnext=1',
5953             ie=YoutubeTabIE, video_id=playlist_id)
5954
5955
5956 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
5957     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
5958     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
5959     _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
5960         (?:https?://)?
5961         (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
5962         (?:watch\?(?:
5963             feature=[a-z_]+|
5964             annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
5965             x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
5966             hl=[^&]*|
5967             t=[0-9]+
5968         )?
5969         |
5970             attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
5971         )
5972         $
5973     '''
5974
5975     _TESTS = [{
5976         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
5977         'only_matching': True,
5978     }, {
5979         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
5980         'only_matching': True,
5981     }, {
5982         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
5983         'only_matching': True,
5984     }, {
5985         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
5986         'only_matching': True,
5987     }, {
5988         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
5989         'only_matching': True,
5990     }, {
5991         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
5992         'only_matching': True,
5993     }]
5994
5995     def _real_extract(self, url):
5996         raise ExtractorError(
5997             'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
5998             'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
5999             'like  youtube-dl '
6000             '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
6001             ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
6002             expected=True)
6003
6004
6005 class YoutubeClipIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
6006     IE_NAME = 'youtube:clip'
6007     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/clip/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
6008     _TESTS = [{
6009         # FIXME: Other metadata should be extracted from the clip, not from the base video
6010         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/clip/UgytZKpehg-hEMBSn3F4AaABCQ',
6011         'info_dict': {
6012             'id': 'UgytZKpehg-hEMBSn3F4AaABCQ',
6013             'ext': 'mp4',
6014             'section_start': 29.0,
6015             'section_end': 39.7,
6016             'duration': 10.7,
6017             'age_limit': 0,
6018             'availability': 'public',
6019             'categories': ['Gaming'],
6020             'channel': 'Scott The Woz',
6021             'channel_id': 'UC4rqhyiTs7XyuODcECvuiiQ',
6022             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4rqhyiTs7XyuODcECvuiiQ',
6023             'description': 'md5:7a4517a17ea9b4bd98996399d8bb36e7',
6024             'like_count': int,
6025             'playable_in_embed': True,
6026             'tags': 'count:17',
6027             'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi_webp/ScPX26pdQik/maxresdefault.webp',
6028             'title': 'Mobile Games on Console - Scott The Woz',
6029             'upload_date': '20210920',
6030             'uploader': 'Scott The Woz',
6031             'uploader_id': 'scottthewoz',
6032             'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/scottthewoz',
6033             'view_count': int,
6034             'live_status': 'not_live',
6035             'channel_follower_count': int
6036         }
6037     }]
6038
6039     def _real_extract(self, url):
6040         clip_id = self._match_id(url)
6041         _, data = self._extract_webpage(url, clip_id)
6042
6043         video_id = traverse_obj(data, ('currentVideoEndpoint', 'watchEndpoint', 'videoId'))
6044         if not video_id:
6045             raise ExtractorError('Unable to find video ID')
6046
6047         clip_data = traverse_obj(data, (
6048             'engagementPanels', ..., 'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'content', 'clipSectionRenderer',
6049             'contents', ..., 'clipAttributionRenderer', 'onScrubExit', 'commandExecutorCommand', 'commands', ...,
6050             'openPopupAction', 'popup', 'notificationActionRenderer', 'actionButton', 'buttonRenderer', 'command',
6051             'commandExecutorCommand', 'commands', ..., 'loopCommand'), get_all=False)
6052
6053         return {
6054             '_type': 'url_transparent',
6055             'url': f'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v={video_id}',
6056             'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
6057             'id': clip_id,
6058             'section_start': int(clip_data['startTimeMs']) / 1000,
6059             'section_end': int(clip_data['endTimeMs']) / 1000,
6060         }
6061
6062
6063 class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
6064     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
6065     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
6066     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
6067
6068     _TESTS = [{
6069         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
6070         'only_matching': True,
6071     }]
6072
6073     def _real_extract(self, url):
6074         video_id = self._match_id(url)
6075         raise ExtractorError(
6076             f'Incomplete YouTube ID {video_id}. URL {url} looks truncated.',
6077             expected=True)