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Commit | Line | Data |
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3930cc7b MV |
1 | try: |
2 | import urllib.request as urllib_request | |
3 | import urllib.error as urllib_error | |
4 | except ImportError: | |
5 | import urllib2 as urllib_request | |
6 | import urllib2 as urllib_error | |
7364ea65 | 7 | |
612ececa | 8 | from twitter.twitter_globals import POST_ACTIONS |
aec68959 | 9 | from twitter.auth import NoAuth |
4e9d6343 | 10 | |
4b12a3a0 | 11 | try: |
f1a8ed67 | 12 | import json |
4b12a3a0 | 13 | except ImportError: |
f1a8ed67 | 14 | import simplejson as json |
15 | ||
652c5402 MV |
16 | class _DEFAULT(object): |
17 | pass | |
18 | ||
5251ea48 | 19 | class TwitterError(Exception): |
21e3bd23 | 20 | """ |
64a8d213 B |
21 | Base Exception thrown by the Twitter object when there is a |
22 | general error interacting with the API. | |
21e3bd23 | 23 | """ |
5251ea48 | 24 | pass |
25 | ||
64a8d213 B |
26 | class TwitterHTTPError(TwitterError): |
27 | """ | |
28 | Exception thrown by the Twitter object when there is an | |
29 | HTTP error interacting with twitter.com. | |
30 | """ | |
1be4ce71 | 31 | def __init__(self, e, uri, format, uriparts): |
4b12a3a0 MV |
32 | self.e = e |
33 | self.uri = uri | |
34 | self.format = format | |
35 | self.uriparts = uriparts | |
c7dd86d1 | 36 | self.response_data = self.e.fp.read() |
64a8d213 B |
37 | |
38 | def __str__(self): | |
57b54437 | 39 | fmt = ("." + self.format) if self.format else "" |
68b3e2ee | 40 | return ( |
57b54437 | 41 | "Twitter sent status %i for URL: %s%s using parameters: " |
68b3e2ee | 42 | "(%s)\ndetails: %s" %( |
57b54437 | 43 | self.e.code, self.uri, fmt, self.uriparts, |
c7dd86d1 | 44 | self.response_data)) |
64a8d213 | 45 | |
84d0a294 MV |
46 | class TwitterResponse(object): |
47 | """ | |
48 | Response from a twitter request. Behaves like a list or a string | |
49 | (depending on requested format) but it has a few other interesting | |
50 | attributes. | |
51 | ||
52 | `headers` gives you access to the response headers as an | |
53 | httplib.HTTPHeaders instance. You can do | |
54 | `response.headers.getheader('h')` to retrieve a header. | |
55 | """ | |
aef72b31 | 56 | def __init__(self, headers): |
84d0a294 MV |
57 | self.headers = headers |
58 | ||
84d0a294 MV |
59 | @property |
60 | def rate_limit_remaining(self): | |
61 | """ | |
62 | Remaining requests in the current rate-limit. | |
63 | """ | |
64 | return int(self.headers.getheader('X-RateLimit-Remaining')) | |
65 | ||
66 | @property | |
67 | def rate_limit_reset(self): | |
68 | """ | |
69 | Time in UTC epoch seconds when the rate limit will reset. | |
70 | """ | |
71 | return int(self.headers.getheader('X-RateLimit-Reset')) | |
72 | ||
73 | ||
abddd419 MV |
74 | def wrap_response(response, headers): |
75 | response_typ = type(response) | |
ce92ec77 MV |
76 | if response_typ is bool: |
77 | # HURF DURF MY NAME IS PYTHON AND I CAN'T SUBCLASS bool. | |
78 | response_typ = int | |
12bba6ac MV |
79 | |
80 | class WrappedTwitterResponse(response_typ, TwitterResponse): | |
abddd419 MV |
81 | __doc__ = TwitterResponse.__doc__ |
82 | ||
c77b5e4b SK |
83 | def __init__(self, response, headers): |
84 | response_typ.__init__(self, response) | |
85 | TwitterResponse.__init__(self, headers) | |
94803fc9 | 86 | def __new__(cls, response, headers): |
87 | return response_typ.__new__(cls, response) | |
88 | ||
c77b5e4b SK |
89 | |
90 | return WrappedTwitterResponse(response, headers) | |
abddd419 | 91 | |
0d6c0646 MV |
92 | |
93 | ||
7364ea65 | 94 | class TwitterCall(object): |
dd648a25 | 95 | |
c8d451e8 | 96 | def __init__( |
dd648a25 | 97 | self, auth, format, domain, callable_cls, uri="", |
7e43e2ed | 98 | uriparts=None, secure=True): |
568331a9 | 99 | self.auth = auth |
a55e6a11 | 100 | self.format = format |
153dee29 | 101 | self.domain = domain |
dd648a25 | 102 | self.callable_cls = callable_cls |
7364ea65 | 103 | self.uri = uri |
b0dedfc0 | 104 | self.uriparts = uriparts |
9a148ed1 | 105 | self.secure = secure |
fd2bc885 | 106 | |
7364ea65 | 107 | def __getattr__(self, k): |
108 | try: | |
109 | return object.__getattr__(self, k) | |
110 | except AttributeError: | |
e748eed8 | 111 | def extend_call(arg): |
112 | return self.callable_cls( | |
113 | auth=self.auth, format=self.format, domain=self.domain, | |
114 | callable_cls=self.callable_cls, uriparts=self.uriparts \ | |
115 | + (arg,), | |
116 | secure=self.secure) | |
117 | if k == "_": | |
118 | return extend_call | |
119 | else: | |
120 | return extend_call(k) | |
fd2bc885 | 121 | |
7364ea65 | 122 | def __call__(self, **kwargs): |
aec68959 | 123 | # Build the uri. |
1be4ce71 | 124 | uriparts = [] |
b0dedfc0 | 125 | for uripart in self.uriparts: |
aec68959 MV |
126 | # If this part matches a keyword argument, use the |
127 | # supplied value otherwise, just use the part. | |
f7e63802 MV |
128 | uriparts.append(str(kwargs.pop(uripart, uripart))) |
129 | uri = '/'.join(uriparts) | |
1be4ce71 | 130 | |
57b54437 | 131 | method = kwargs.pop('_method', None) |
132 | if not method: | |
133 | method = "GET" | |
134 | for action in POST_ACTIONS: | |
135 | if uri.endswith(action): | |
136 | method = "POST" | |
137 | break | |
612ececa | 138 | |
aec68959 MV |
139 | # If an id kwarg is present and there is no id to fill in in |
140 | # the list of uriparts, assume the id goes at the end. | |
da45d039 MV |
141 | id = kwargs.pop('id', None) |
142 | if id: | |
143 | uri += "/%s" %(id) | |
4e9d6343 | 144 | |
568331a9 MH |
145 | secure_str = '' |
146 | if self.secure: | |
147 | secure_str = 's' | |
6c527e72 | 148 | dot = "" |
1be4ce71 | 149 | if self.format: |
6c527e72 MV |
150 | dot = "." |
151 | uriBase = "http%s://%s/%s%s%s" %( | |
152 | secure_str, self.domain, uri, dot, self.format) | |
568331a9 | 153 | |
5b8b1ead | 154 | headers = {} |
1be4ce71 | 155 | if self.auth: |
568331a9 | 156 | headers.update(self.auth.generate_headers()) |
1be4ce71 MV |
157 | arg_data = self.auth.encode_params(uriBase, method, kwargs) |
158 | if method == 'GET': | |
159 | uriBase += '?' + arg_data | |
160 | body = None | |
161 | else: | |
8eb73aab | 162 | body = arg_data.encode('utf8') |
1be4ce71 | 163 | |
3930cc7b | 164 | req = urllib_request.Request(uriBase, body, headers) |
dd648a25 | 165 | return self._handle_response(req, uri, arg_data) |
102acdb1 | 166 | |
dd648a25 | 167 | def _handle_response(self, req, uri, arg_data): |
7364ea65 | 168 | try: |
3930cc7b | 169 | handle = urllib_request.urlopen(req) |
de072195 | 170 | if "json" == self.format: |
456ec92b | 171 | res = json.loads(handle.read().decode('utf8')) |
abddd419 | 172 | return wrap_response(res, handle.headers) |
de072195 | 173 | else: |
456ec92b MV |
174 | return wrap_response( |
175 | handle.read().decode('utf8'), handle.headers) | |
3930cc7b | 176 | except urllib_error.HTTPError as e: |
de072195 | 177 | if (e.code == 304): |
7364ea65 | 178 | return [] |
de072195 | 179 | else: |
aec68959 | 180 | raise TwitterHTTPError(e, uri, self.format, arg_data) |
102acdb1 | 181 | |
7364ea65 | 182 | class Twitter(TwitterCall): |
183 | """ | |
184 | The minimalist yet fully featured Twitter API class. | |
4e9d6343 | 185 | |
7364ea65 | 186 | Get RESTful data by accessing members of this class. The result |
187 | is decoded python objects (lists and dicts). | |
188 | ||
189 | The Twitter API is documented here: | |
153dee29 | 190 | |
aec68959 MV |
191 | http://dev.twitter.com/doc |
192 | ||
4e9d6343 | 193 | |
7364ea65 | 194 | Examples:: |
4e9d6343 | 195 | |
69e1f98e MV |
196 | twitter = Twitter( |
197 | auth=OAuth(token, token_key, con_secret, con_secret_key))) | |
4e9d6343 | 198 | |
7364ea65 | 199 | # Get the public timeline |
200 | twitter.statuses.public_timeline() | |
4e9d6343 | 201 | |
7364ea65 | 202 | # Get a particular friend's timeline |
203 | twitter.statuses.friends_timeline(id="billybob") | |
4e9d6343 | 204 | |
7364ea65 | 205 | # Also supported (but totally weird) |
206 | twitter.statuses.friends_timeline.billybob() | |
4e9d6343 | 207 | |
7364ea65 | 208 | # Send a direct message |
209 | twitter.direct_messages.new( | |
210 | user="billybob", | |
211 | text="I think yer swell!") | |
212 | ||
b0dedfc0 MV |
213 | # Get the members of a particular list of a particular friend |
214 | twitter.user.listname.members(user="billybob", listname="billysbuds") | |
215 | ||
69e1f98e | 216 | |
153dee29 | 217 | Searching Twitter:: |
4e9d6343 | 218 | |
0b486eda | 219 | twitter_search = Twitter(domain="search.twitter.com") |
153dee29 | 220 | |
0b486eda HN |
221 | # Find the latest search trends |
222 | twitter_search.trends() | |
153dee29 | 223 | |
0b486eda HN |
224 | # Search for the latest News on #gaza |
225 | twitter_search.search(q="#gaza") | |
153dee29 | 226 | |
7364ea65 | 227 | |
68b3e2ee MV |
228 | Using the data returned |
229 | ----------------------- | |
230 | ||
231 | Twitter API calls return decoded JSON. This is converted into | |
232 | a bunch of Python lists, dicts, ints, and strings. For example:: | |
7364ea65 | 233 | |
234 | x = twitter.statuses.public_timeline() | |
235 | ||
236 | # The first 'tweet' in the timeline | |
237 | x[0] | |
238 | ||
239 | # The screen name of the user who wrote the first 'tweet' | |
240 | x[0]['user']['screen_name'] | |
4e9d6343 | 241 | |
4e9d6343 | 242 | |
68b3e2ee MV |
243 | Getting raw XML data |
244 | -------------------- | |
245 | ||
246 | If you prefer to get your Twitter data in XML format, pass | |
247 | format="xml" to the Twitter object when you instantiate it:: | |
4e9d6343 | 248 | |
a55e6a11 | 249 | twitter = Twitter(format="xml") |
4e9d6343 | 250 | |
a55e6a11 | 251 | The output will not be parsed in any way. It will be a raw string |
252 | of XML. | |
68b3e2ee | 253 | |
7364ea65 | 254 | """ |
45688301 | 255 | def __init__( |
aec68959 | 256 | self, format="json", |
87ad04c3 | 257 | domain="api.twitter.com", secure=True, auth=None, |
652c5402 | 258 | api_version=_DEFAULT): |
7364ea65 | 259 | """ |
68b3e2ee MV |
260 | Create a new twitter API connector. |
261 | ||
262 | Pass an `auth` parameter to use the credentials of a specific | |
263 | user. Generally you'll want to pass an `OAuth` | |
69e1f98e MV |
264 | instance:: |
265 | ||
266 | twitter = Twitter(auth=OAuth( | |
267 | token, token_secret, consumer_key, consumer_secret)) | |
268 | ||
269 | ||
68b3e2ee | 270 | `domain` lets you change the domain you are connecting. By |
87ad04c3 | 271 | default it's `api.twitter.com` but `search.twitter.com` may be |
68b3e2ee MV |
272 | useful too. |
273 | ||
274 | If `secure` is False you will connect with HTTP instead of | |
275 | HTTPS. | |
276 | ||
1cc9ab0b | 277 | `api_version` is used to set the base uri. By default it's |
652c5402 | 278 | '1'. If you are using "search.twitter.com" set this to None. |
7364ea65 | 279 | """ |
d20da7f3 MV |
280 | if not auth: |
281 | auth = NoAuth() | |
282 | ||
6c527e72 | 283 | if (format not in ("json", "xml", "")): |
68b3e2ee MV |
284 | raise ValueError("Unknown data format '%s'" %(format)) |
285 | ||
652c5402 MV |
286 | if api_version is _DEFAULT: |
287 | if domain == 'api.twitter.com': | |
288 | api_version = '1' | |
289 | else: | |
290 | api_version = None | |
291 | ||
1be4ce71 | 292 | uriparts = () |
68b3e2ee | 293 | if api_version: |
1be4ce71 | 294 | uriparts += (str(api_version),) |
68b3e2ee | 295 | |
9a148ed1 | 296 | TwitterCall.__init__( |
aec68959 | 297 | self, auth=auth, format=format, domain=domain, |
dd648a25 | 298 | callable_cls=TwitterCall, |
1be4ce71 | 299 | secure=secure, uriparts=uriparts) |
7e43e2ed | 300 | |
7364ea65 | 301 | |
abddd419 | 302 | __all__ = ["Twitter", "TwitterError", "TwitterHTTPError", "TwitterResponse"] |