[extractor/twitter] Fix unauthenticated extraction (#7476)

[yt-dlp.git] / yt_dlp / extractor / twitter.py

import json
import re
import urllib.error

from .common import InfoExtractor
from .periscope import PeriscopeBaseIE, PeriscopeIE
from ..compat import (
    compat_parse_qs,
    compat_urllib_parse_unquote,
    compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
)
from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    dict_get,
    float_or_none,
    format_field,
    int_or_none,
    make_archive_id,
    remove_end,
    str_or_none,
    strip_or_none,
    traverse_obj,
    try_call,
    try_get,
    unified_timestamp,
    update_url_query,
    url_or_none,
    xpath_text,
)


class TwitterBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'twitter'
    _API_BASE = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/'
    _GRAPHQL_API_BASE = 'https://twitter.com/i/api/graphql/'
    _BASE_REGEX = r'https?://(?:(?:www|m(?:obile)?)\.)?(?:twitter\.com|twitter3e4tixl4xyajtrzo62zg5vztmjuricljdp2c5kshju4avyoid\.onion)/'
    _AUTH = {'Authorization': 'Bearer AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANRILgAAAAAAnNwIzUejRCOuH5E6I8xnZz4puTs%3D1Zv7ttfk8LF81IUq16cHjhLTvJu4FA33AGWWjCpTnA'}
    _flow_token = None

    _LOGIN_INIT_DATA = json.dumps({
        'input_flow_data': {
            'flow_context': {
                'debug_overrides': {},
                'start_location': {
                    'location': 'unknown'
                }
            }
        },
        'subtask_versions': {
            'action_list': 2,
            'alert_dialog': 1,
            'app_download_cta': 1,
            'check_logged_in_account': 1,
            'choice_selection': 3,
            'contacts_live_sync_permission_prompt': 0,
            'cta': 7,
            'email_verification': 2,
            'end_flow': 1,
            'enter_date': 1,
            'enter_email': 2,
            'enter_password': 5,
            'enter_phone': 2,
            'enter_recaptcha': 1,
            'enter_text': 5,
            'enter_username': 2,
            'generic_urt': 3,
            'in_app_notification': 1,
            'interest_picker': 3,
            'js_instrumentation': 1,
            'menu_dialog': 1,
            'notifications_permission_prompt': 2,
            'open_account': 2,
            'open_home_timeline': 1,
            'open_link': 1,
            'phone_verification': 4,
            'privacy_options': 1,
            'security_key': 3,
            'select_avatar': 4,
            'select_banner': 2,
            'settings_list': 7,
            'show_code': 1,
            'sign_up': 2,
            'sign_up_review': 4,
            'tweet_selection_urt': 1,
            'update_users': 1,
            'upload_media': 1,
            'user_recommendations_list': 4,
            'user_recommendations_urt': 1,
            'wait_spinner': 3,
            'web_modal': 1
        }
    }, separators=(',', ':')).encode()

    def _extract_variant_formats(self, variant, video_id):
        variant_url = variant.get('url')
        if not variant_url:
            return [], {}
        elif '.m3u8' in variant_url:
            return self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                variant_url, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
                m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
        else:
            tbr = int_or_none(dict_get(variant, ('bitrate', 'bit_rate')), 1000) or None
            f = {
                'url': variant_url,
                'format_id': 'http' + ('-%d' % tbr if tbr else ''),
                'tbr': tbr,
            }
            self._search_dimensions_in_video_url(f, variant_url)
            return [f], {}

    def _extract_formats_from_vmap_url(self, vmap_url, video_id):
        vmap_url = url_or_none(vmap_url)
        if not vmap_url:
            return [], {}
        vmap_data = self._download_xml(vmap_url, video_id)
        formats = []
        subtitles = {}
        urls = []
        for video_variant in vmap_data.findall('.//{http://twitter.com/schema/videoVMapV2.xsd}videoVariant'):
            video_variant.attrib['url'] = compat_urllib_parse_unquote(
                video_variant.attrib['url'])
            urls.append(video_variant.attrib['url'])
            fmts, subs = self._extract_variant_formats(
                video_variant.attrib, video_id)
            formats.extend(fmts)
            subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
        video_url = strip_or_none(xpath_text(vmap_data, './/MediaFile'))
        if video_url not in urls:
            fmts, subs = self._extract_variant_formats({'url': video_url}, video_id)
            formats.extend(fmts)
            subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
        return formats, subtitles

    @staticmethod
    def _search_dimensions_in_video_url(a_format, video_url):
        m = re.search(r'/(?P<width>\d+)x(?P<height>\d+)/', video_url)
        if m:
            a_format.update({
                'width': int(m.group('width')),
                'height': int(m.group('height')),
            })

    @property
    def is_logged_in(self):
        return bool(self._get_cookies(self._API_BASE).get('auth_token'))

    def _set_base_headers(self):
        headers = self._AUTH.copy()
        csrf_token = try_call(lambda: self._get_cookies(self._API_BASE)['ct0'].value)
        if csrf_token:
            headers['x-csrf-token'] = csrf_token
        return headers

    def _call_login_api(self, note, headers, query={}, data=None):
        response = self._download_json(
            f'{self._API_BASE}onboarding/task.json', None, note,
            headers=headers, query=query, data=data, expected_status=400)
        error = traverse_obj(response, ('errors', 0, 'message', {str}))
        if error:
            raise ExtractorError(f'Login failed, Twitter API says: {error}', expected=True)
        elif traverse_obj(response, 'status') != 'success':
            raise ExtractorError('Login was unsuccessful')

        subtask = traverse_obj(
            response, ('subtasks', ..., 'subtask_id', {str}), get_all=False)
        if not subtask:
            raise ExtractorError('Twitter API did not return next login subtask')

        self._flow_token = response['flow_token']

        return subtask

    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        if self.is_logged_in:
            return

        webpage = self._download_webpage('https://twitter.com/', None, 'Downloading login page')
        headers = self._set_base_headers()
        guest_token = self._search_regex(
            r'\.cookie\s*=\s*["\']gt=(\d+);', webpage, 'gt', default=None) or self._download_json(
            f'{self._API_BASE}guest/activate.json', None, 'Downloading guest token',
            data=b'', headers=headers)['guest_token']
        headers.update({
            'content-type': 'application/json',
            'x-guest-token': guest_token,
            'x-twitter-client-language': 'en',
            'x-twitter-active-user': 'yes',
            'Referer': 'https://twitter.com/',
            'Origin': 'https://twitter.com',
        })

        def build_login_json(*subtask_inputs):
            return json.dumps({
                'flow_token': self._flow_token,
                'subtask_inputs': subtask_inputs
            }, separators=(',', ':')).encode()

        def input_dict(subtask_id, text):
            return {
                'subtask_id': subtask_id,
                'enter_text': {
                    'text': text,
                    'link': 'next_link'
                }
            }

        next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
            'Downloading flow token', headers, query={'flow_name': 'login'}, data=self._LOGIN_INIT_DATA)

        while not self.is_logged_in:
            if next_subtask == 'LoginJsInstrumentationSubtask':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting JS instrumentation response', headers, data=build_login_json({
                        'subtask_id': next_subtask,
                        'js_instrumentation': {
                            'response': '{}',
                            'link': 'next_link'
                        }
                    }))

            elif next_subtask == 'LoginEnterUserIdentifierSSO':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting username', headers, data=build_login_json({
                        'subtask_id': next_subtask,
                        'settings_list': {
                            'setting_responses': [{
                                'key': 'user_identifier',
                                'response_data': {
                                    'text_data': {
                                        'result': username
                                    }
                                }
                            }],
                            'link': 'next_link'
                        }
                    }))

            elif next_subtask == 'LoginEnterAlternateIdentifierSubtask':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting alternate identifier', headers,
                    data=build_login_json(input_dict(next_subtask, self._get_tfa_info(
                        'one of username, phone number or email that was not used as --username'))))

            elif next_subtask == 'LoginEnterPassword':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting password', headers, data=build_login_json({
                        'subtask_id': next_subtask,
                        'enter_password': {
                            'password': password,
                            'link': 'next_link'
                        }
                    }))

            elif next_subtask == 'AccountDuplicationCheck':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting account duplication check', headers, data=build_login_json({
                        'subtask_id': next_subtask,
                        'check_logged_in_account': {
                            'link': 'AccountDuplicationCheck_false'
                        }
                    }))

            elif next_subtask == 'LoginTwoFactorAuthChallenge':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting 2FA token', headers, data=build_login_json(input_dict(
                        next_subtask, self._get_tfa_info('two-factor authentication token'))))

            elif next_subtask == 'LoginAcid':
                next_subtask = self._call_login_api(
                    'Submitting confirmation code', headers, data=build_login_json(input_dict(
                        next_subtask, self._get_tfa_info('confirmation code sent to your email or phone'))))

            elif next_subtask == 'LoginSuccessSubtask':
                raise ExtractorError('Twitter API did not grant auth token cookie')

            else:
                raise ExtractorError(f'Unrecognized subtask ID "{next_subtask}"')

        self.report_login()

    def _call_api(self, path, video_id, query={}, graphql=False):
        if not self.is_logged_in:
            self.raise_login_required()

        result = self._download_json(
            (self._GRAPHQL_API_BASE if graphql else self._API_BASE) + path, video_id,
            f'Downloading {"GraphQL" if graphql else "legacy API"} JSON', headers={
                **self._set_base_headers(),
                'x-twitter-auth-type': 'OAuth2Session',
                'x-twitter-client-language': 'en',
                'x-twitter-active-user': 'yes',
            }, query=query, expected_status={400, 401, 403, 404} if graphql else {403})

        if result.get('errors'):
            errors = ', '.join(set(traverse_obj(result, ('errors', ..., 'message', {str}))))
            raise ExtractorError(
                f'Error(s) while querying API: {errors or "Unknown error"}', expected=True)

        return result

    def _build_graphql_query(self, media_id):
        raise NotImplementedError('Method must be implemented to support GraphQL')

    def _call_graphql_api(self, endpoint, media_id):
        data = self._build_graphql_query(media_id)
        query = {key: json.dumps(value, separators=(',', ':')) for key, value in data.items()}
        return traverse_obj(self._call_api(endpoint, media_id, query=query, graphql=True), 'data')


class TwitterCardIE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'twitter:card'
    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'i/(?:cards/tfw/v1|videos(?:/tweet)?)/(?P<id>\d+)'
    _TESTS = [
        {
            'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/560070183650213889',
            # MD5 checksums are different in different places
            'info_dict': {
                'id': '560070131976392705',
                'ext': 'mp4',
                'title': "Twitter - You can now shoot, edit and share video on Twitter. Capture life's most moving moments from your perspective.",
                'description': 'md5:18d3e24bb4f6e5007487dd546e53bd96',
                'uploader': 'Twitter',
                'uploader_id': 'Twitter',
                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
                'duration': 30.033,
                'timestamp': 1422366112,
                'upload_date': '20150127',
                'age_limit': 0,
                'comment_count': int,
                'tags': [],
                'repost_count': int,
                'like_count': int,
                'display_id': '560070183650213889',
                'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Twitter',
            },
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/623160978427936768',
            'md5': '7137eca597f72b9abbe61e5ae0161399',
            'info_dict': {
                'id': '623160978427936768',
                'ext': 'mp4',
                'title': "NASA - Fly over Pluto's icy Norgay Mountains and Sputnik Plain in this @NASANewHorizons #PlutoFlyby video.",
                'description': "Fly over Pluto's icy Norgay Mountains and Sputnik Plain in this @NASANewHorizons #PlutoFlyby video. https://t.co/BJYgOjSeGA",
                'uploader': 'NASA',
                'uploader_id': 'NASA',
                'timestamp': 1437408129,
                'upload_date': '20150720',
                'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/NASA',
                'age_limit': 0,
                'comment_count': int,
                'like_count': int,
                'repost_count': int,
                'tags': ['PlutoFlyby'],
            },
            'params': {'format': '[protocol=https]'}
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/654001591733886977',
            'md5': 'b6d9683dd3f48e340ded81c0e917ad46',
            'info_dict': {
                'id': 'dq4Oj5quskI',
                'ext': 'mp4',
                'title': 'Ubuntu 11.10 Overview',
                'description': 'md5:a831e97fa384863d6e26ce48d1c43376',
                'upload_date': '20111013',
                'uploader': 'OMG! UBUNTU!',
                'uploader_id': 'omgubuntu',
                'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIiSwcm9xiFb3Y4wjzR41eQ',
                'channel_id': 'UCIiSwcm9xiFb3Y4wjzR41eQ',
                'channel_follower_count': int,
                'chapters': 'count:8',
                'uploader_url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/omgubuntu',
                'duration': 138,
                'categories': ['Film & Animation'],
                'age_limit': 0,
                'comment_count': int,
                'availability': 'public',
                'like_count': int,
                'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dq4Oj5quskI/maxresdefault.jpg',
                'view_count': int,
                'tags': 'count:12',
                'channel': 'OMG! UBUNTU!',
                'playable_in_embed': True,
            },
            'add_ie': ['Youtube'],
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/cards/tfw/v1/665289828897005568',
            'info_dict': {
                'id': 'iBb2x00UVlv',
                'ext': 'mp4',
                'upload_date': '20151113',
                'uploader_id': '1189339351084113920',
                'uploader': 'ArsenalTerje',
                'title': 'Vine by ArsenalTerje',
                'timestamp': 1447451307,
                'alt_title': 'Vine by ArsenalTerje',
                'comment_count': int,
                'like_count': int,
                'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.jpg',
                'view_count': int,
                'repost_count': int,
            },
            'add_ie': ['Vine'],
            'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/videos/tweet/705235433198714880',
            'md5': '884812a2adc8aaf6fe52b15ccbfa3b88',
            'info_dict': {
                'id': '705235433198714880',
                'ext': 'mp4',
                'title': "Brent Yarina - Khalil Iverson's missed highlight dunk. And made highlight dunk. In one highlight.",
                'description': "Khalil Iverson's missed highlight dunk. And made highlight dunk. In one highlight. https://t.co/OrxcJ28Bns",
                'uploader': 'Brent Yarina',
                'uploader_id': 'BTNBrentYarina',
                'timestamp': 1456976204,
                'upload_date': '20160303',
            },
            'skip': 'This content is no longer available.',
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/videos/752274308186120192',
            'only_matching': True,
        },
    ]

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        status_id = self._match_id(url)
        return self.url_result(
            'https://twitter.com/statuses/' + status_id,
            TwitterIE.ie_key(), status_id)


class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'twitter'
    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'(?:(?:i/web|[^/]+)/status|statuses)/(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?:video|photo)/(?P<index>\d+))?'

    _TESTS = [{
        # comment_count, repost_count, view_count are only available with auth (applies to all tests)
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/freethenipple/status/643211948184596480',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '643211870443208704',
            'display_id': '643211948184596480',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'FREE THE NIPPLE - FTN supporters on Hollywood Blvd today!',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'description': 'FTN supporters on Hollywood Blvd today! http://t.co/c7jHH749xJ',
            'uploader': 'FREE THE NIPPLE',
            'uploader_id': 'freethenipple',
            'duration': 12.922,
            'timestamp': 1442188653,
            'upload_date': '20150913',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/freethenipple',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 18,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/giphz/status/657991469417025536/photo/1',
        'md5': 'f36dcd5fb92bf7057f155e7d927eeb42',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '657991469417025536',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Gifs - tu vai cai tu vai cai tu nao eh capaz disso tu vai cai',
            'description': 'Gifs on Twitter: "tu vai cai tu vai cai tu nao eh capaz disso tu vai cai https://t.co/tM46VHFlO5"',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.png',
            'uploader': 'Gifs',
            'uploader_id': 'giphz',
        },
        'expected_warnings': ['height', 'width'],
        'skip': 'Account suspended',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/starwars/status/665052190608723968',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '665052190608723968',
            'display_id': '665052190608723968',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': r're:Star Wars.*A new beginning is coming December 18.*',
            'description': 'A new beginning is coming December 18. Watch the official 60 second #TV spot for #StarWars: #TheForceAwakens. https://t.co/OkSqT2fjWJ',
            'uploader_id': 'starwars',
            'uploader': r're:Star Wars.*',
            'timestamp': 1447395772,
            'upload_date': '20151113',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/starwars',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': ['TV', 'StarWars', 'TheForceAwakens'],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/BTNBrentYarina/status/705235433198714880',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '705235433198714880',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': "Brent Yarina - Khalil Iverson's missed highlight dunk. And made highlight dunk. In one highlight.",
            'description': "Khalil Iverson's missed highlight dunk. And made highlight dunk. In one highlight. https://t.co/OrxcJ28Bns",
            'uploader_id': 'BTNBrentYarina',
            'uploader': 'Brent Yarina',
            'timestamp': 1456976204,
            'upload_date': '20160303',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/BTNBrentYarina',
            'comment_count': int,
            'repost_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'params': {
            # The same video as https://twitter.com/i/videos/tweet/705235433198714880
            # Test case of TwitterCardIE
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'skip': 'Dead external link',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/jaydingeer/status/700207533655363584',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '700207414000242688',
            'display_id': '700207533655363584',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'jaydin donte geer - BEAT PROD: @suhmeduh #Damndaniel',
            'description': 'BEAT PROD: @suhmeduh  https://t.co/HBrQ4AfpvZ #Damndaniel https://t.co/byBooq2ejZ',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'uploader': 'jaydin donte geer',
            'uploader_id': 'jaydingeer',
            'duration': 30.0,
            'timestamp': 1455777459,
            'upload_date': '20160218',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/jaydingeer',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': ['Damndaniel'],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/Filmdrunk/status/713801302971588609',
        'md5': '89a15ed345d13b86e9a5a5e051fa308a',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'MIOxnrUteUd',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Dr.Pepperの飲み方 #japanese #バカ #ドクペ #電動ガン',
            'uploader': 'TAKUMA',
            'uploader_id': '1004126642786242560',
            'timestamp': 1402826626,
            'upload_date': '20140615',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'alt_title': 'Vine by TAKUMA',
            'comment_count': int,
            'repost_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'add_ie': ['Vine'],
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/captainamerica/status/719944021058060289',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '717462543795523584',
            'display_id': '719944021058060289',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Captain America - @King0fNerd Are you sure you made the right choice? Find out in theaters.',
            'description': '@King0fNerd Are you sure you made the right choice? Find out in theaters. https://t.co/GpgYi9xMJI',
            'uploader_id': 'CaptainAmerica',
            'uploader': 'Captain America',
            'duration': 3.17,
            'timestamp': 1460483005,
            'upload_date': '20160412',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/CaptainAmerica',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/OPP_HSD/status/779210622571536384',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1zqKVVlkqLaKB',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Sgt Kerry Schmidt - Ontario Provincial Police - Road rage, mischief, assault, rollover and fire in one occurrence',
            'upload_date': '20160923',
            'uploader_id': '1PmKqpJdOJQoY',
            'uploader': 'Sgt Kerry Schmidt - Ontario Provincial Police',
            'timestamp': 1474613214,
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
        },
        'add_ie': ['Periscope'],
    }, {
        # has mp4 formats via mobile API
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/news_al3alm/status/852138619213144067',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '852138619213144067',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'عالم الأخبار - كلمة تاريخية بجلسة الجناسي التاريخية.. النائب خالد مؤنس العتيبي للمعارضين : اتقوا الله .. الظلم ظلمات يوم القيامة',
            'description': 'كلمة تاريخية بجلسة الجناسي التاريخية.. النائب خالد مؤنس العتيبي للمعارضين : اتقوا الله .. الظلم ظلمات يوم القيامة   https://t.co/xg6OhpyKfN',
            'uploader': 'عالم الأخبار',
            'uploader_id': 'news_al3alm',
            'duration': 277.4,
            'timestamp': 1492000653,
            'upload_date': '20170412',
        },
        'skip': 'Account suspended',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/web/status/910031516746514432',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '910030238373089285',
            'display_id': '910031516746514432',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Préfet de Guadeloupe - [Direct] #Maria Le centre se trouve actuellement au sud de Basse-Terre. Restez confinés. Réfugiez-vous dans la pièce la + sûre.',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'description': '[Direct] #Maria Le centre se trouve actuellement au sud de Basse-Terre. Restez confinés. Réfugiez-vous dans la pièce la + sûre. https://t.co/mwx01Rs4lo',
            'uploader': 'Préfet de Guadeloupe',
            'uploader_id': 'Prefet971',
            'duration': 47.48,
            'timestamp': 1505803395,
            'upload_date': '20170919',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Prefet971',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': ['Maria'],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,  # requires ffmpeg
        },
    }, {
        # card via api.twitter.com/1.1/videos/tweet/config
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/LisPower1/status/1001551623938805763',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1001551417340022785',
            'display_id': '1001551623938805763',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 're:.*?Shep is on a roll today.*?',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'description': 'md5:37b9f2ff31720cef23b2bd42ee8a0f09',
            'uploader': 'Lis Power',
            'uploader_id': 'LisPower1',
            'duration': 111.278,
            'timestamp': 1527623489,
            'upload_date': '20180529',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/LisPower1',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,  # requires ffmpeg
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/foobar/status/1087791357756956680',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1087791272830607360',
            'display_id': '1087791357756956680',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Twitter - A new is coming.  Some of you got an opt-in to try it now. Check out the emoji button, quick keyboard shortcuts, upgraded trends, advanced search, and more. Let us know your thoughts!',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'description': 'md5:6dfd341a3310fb97d80d2bf7145df976',
            'uploader': 'Twitter',
            'uploader_id': 'Twitter',
            'duration': 61.567,
            'timestamp': 1548184644,
            'upload_date': '20190122',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Twitter',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
    }, {
        # not available in Periscope
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/ViviEducation/status/1136534865145286656',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1vOGwqejwoWxB',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Vivi - Vivi founder @lior_rauchy announcing our new student feedback tool live at @EduTECH_AU #EduTECH2019',
            'uploader': 'Vivi',
            'uploader_id': '1eVjYOLGkGrQL',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'tags': ['EduTECH2019'],
            'view_count': int,
        },
        'add_ie': ['TwitterBroadcast'],
        'skip': 'Requires authentication',
    }, {
        # unified card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/BrooklynNets/status/1349794411333394432?s=20',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1349774757969989634',
            'display_id': '1349794411333394432',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'md5:d1c4941658e4caaa6cb579260d85dcba',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'description': 'md5:71ead15ec44cee55071547d6447c6a3e',
            'uploader': 'Brooklyn Nets',
            'uploader_id': 'BrooklynNets',
            'duration': 324.484,
            'timestamp': 1610651040,
            'upload_date': '20210114',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/BrooklynNets',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/oshtru/status/1577855540407197696',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1577855447914409984',
            'display_id': '1577855540407197696',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'md5:9d198efb93557b8f8d5b78c480407214',
            'description': 'md5:b9c3699335447391d11753ab21c70a74',
            'upload_date': '20221006',
            'uploader': 'oshtru',
            'uploader_id': 'oshtru',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/oshtru',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'duration': 30.03,
            'timestamp': 1665025050,
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/UltimaShadowX/status/1577719286659006464',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1577719286659006464',
            'title': 'Ultima📛 | #вʟм - Test',
            'description': 'Test https://t.co/Y3KEZD7Dad',
            'uploader': 'Ultima📛 | #вʟм',
            'uploader_id': 'UltimaShadowX',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/UltimaShadowX',
            'upload_date': '20221005',
            'timestamp': 1664992565,
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'playlist_count': 4,
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/MesoMax919/status/1575560063510810624',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1575559336759263233',
            'display_id': '1575560063510810624',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'md5:eec26382babd0f7c18f041db8ae1c9c9',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg',
            'description': 'md5:95aea692fda36a12081b9629b02daa92',
            'uploader': 'Max Olson',
            'uploader_id': 'MesoMax919',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/MesoMax919',
            'duration': 21.321,
            'timestamp': 1664477766,
            'upload_date': '20220929',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': ['HurricaneIan'],
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
    }, {
        # Adult content, fails if not logged in (GraphQL)
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/Rizdraws/status/1575199173472927762',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1575199163847000068',
            'display_id': '1575199173472927762',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': str,
            'description': str,
            'uploader': str,
            'uploader_id': 'Rizdraws',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Rizdraws',
            'upload_date': '20220928',
            'timestamp': 1664391723,
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
            'like_count': int,
            'repost_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'age_limit': 18,
            'tags': []
        },
        'skip': 'Requires authentication',
    }, {
        # Single Vimeo video result without auth
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/Srirachachau/status/1395079556562706435',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '551578322',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Dusty & The Mayor',
            'uploader': 'Michael Chau',
            'uploader_id': 'user29061007',
            'uploader_url': 'https://vimeo.com/user29061007',
            'duration': 478,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1139658575-0dfdce6e9a2401fe09feb24bf0d14e6f24a53c12f447ff688ace61009ad4c1ba-d_1280',
        },
    }, {
        # Playlist result only with auth
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/Srirachachau/status/1395079556562706435',
        'playlist_mincount': 2,
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1395079556562706435',
            'title': str,
            'tags': [],
            'uploader': str,
            'like_count': int,
            'upload_date': '20210519',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'repost_count': int,
            'description': 'Here it is! Finished my gothic western cartoon. Pretty proud of it. It\'s got some goofs and lots of splashy over the top violence, something for everyone, hope you like it https://t.co/fOsG5glUnw',
            'uploader_id': 'Srirachachau',
            'comment_count': int,
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Srirachachau',
            'timestamp': 1621447860,
        },
        'skip': 'Requires authentication',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/DavidToons_/status/1578353380363501568',
        'playlist_mincount': 2,
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1578353380363501568',
            'title': str,
            'uploader_id': 'DavidToons_',
            'repost_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'uploader': str,
            'timestamp': 1665143744,
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/DavidToons_',
            'description': 'Chris sounds like Linda from Bob\'s Burgers, so as an animator: this had to be done. https://t.co/WgJauwIW1w',
            'tags': [],
            'comment_count': int,
            'upload_date': '20221007',
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'skip': 'Requires authentication',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/primevideouk/status/1578401165338976258',
        'playlist_count': 2,
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1578401165338976258',
            'title': str,
            'description': 'md5:659a6b517a034b4cee5d795381a2dc41',
            'uploader': str,
            'uploader_id': 'primevideouk',
            'timestamp': 1665155137,
            'upload_date': '20221007',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/primevideouk',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': ['TheRingsOfPower'],
        },
    }, {
        # Twitter Spaces
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/MoniqueCamarra/status/1550101959377551360',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1lPJqmBeeNAJb',
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'title': 'EuroFile@6 Ukraine Up-date-Draghi Defenestration-the West',
            'uploader': r're:Monique Camarra.+?',
            'uploader_id': 'MoniqueCamarra',
            'live_status': 'was_live',
            'release_timestamp': 1658417414,
            'description': 'md5:4dc8e972f1d8b3c6580376fabb02a3ad',
            'timestamp': 1658407771,
            'release_date': '20220721',
            'upload_date': '20220721',
        },
        'add_ie': ['TwitterSpaces'],
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
        'skip': 'Requires authentication',
    }, {
        # URL specifies video number but --yes-playlist
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw/status/1600649710662213632/video/1',
        'playlist_mincount': 2,
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1600649710662213632',
            'title': 'md5:be05989b0722e114103ed3851a0ffae2',
            'timestamp': 1670459604.0,
            'description': 'md5:591c19ce66fadc2359725d5cd0d1052c',
            'uploader_id': 'CTVJLaidlaw',
            'tags': ['colorectalcancer', 'cancerjourney', 'imnotaquitter'],
            'upload_date': '20221208',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'uploader': 'Jocelyn Laidlaw',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw',
            'like_count': int,
        },
    }, {
        # URL specifies video number and --no-playlist
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw/status/1600649710662213632/video/2',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1600649511827013632',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'md5:7662a0a27ce6faa3e5b160340f3cfab1',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.+\.jpg',
            'timestamp': 1670459604.0,
            'uploader_id': 'CTVJLaidlaw',
            'uploader': 'Jocelyn Laidlaw',
            'tags': ['colorectalcancer', 'cancerjourney', 'imnotaquitter'],
            'duration': 102.226,
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw',
            'display_id': '1600649710662213632',
            'like_count': int,
            'description': 'md5:591c19ce66fadc2359725d5cd0d1052c',
            'upload_date': '20221208',
            'age_limit': 0,
        },
        'params': {'noplaylist': True},
    }, {
        # id pointing to TweetWithVisibilityResults type entity which wraps the actual Tweet over
        # note the id different between extraction and url
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/s2FAKER/status/1621117700482416640',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1621117577354424321',
            'display_id': '1621117700482416640',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '뽀 - 아 최우제 이동속도 봐',
            'description': '아 최우제 이동속도 봐 https://t.co/dxu2U5vXXB',
            'duration': 24.598,
            'uploader': '뽀',
            'uploader_id': 's2FAKER',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/s2FAKER',
            'upload_date': '20230202',
            'timestamp': 1675339553.0,
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://pbs\.twimg\.com/.+',
            'age_limit': 18,
            'tags': [],
            'like_count': int,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/hlo_again/status/1599108751385972737/video/2',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1599108643743473680',
            'display_id': '1599108751385972737',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '\u06ea - \U0001F48B',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/hlo_again',
            'like_count': int,
            'uploader_id': 'hlo_again',
            'thumbnail': 'https://pbs.twimg.com/ext_tw_video_thumb/1599108643743473680/pu/img/UG3xjov4rgg5sbYM.jpg?name=orig',
            'duration': 9.531,
            'upload_date': '20221203',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'timestamp': 1670092210.0,
            'tags': [],
            'uploader': '\u06ea',
            'description': '\U0001F48B https://t.co/bTj9Qz7vQP',
        },
        'params': {'noplaylist': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/MunTheShinobi/status/1600009574919962625',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1600009362759733248',
            'display_id': '1600009574919962625',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/MunTheShinobi',
            'description': 'This is a genius ad by Apple. \U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525 https://t.co/cNsA0MoOml',
            'thumbnail': 'https://pbs.twimg.com/ext_tw_video_thumb/1600009362759733248/pu/img/XVhFQivj75H_YxxV.jpg?name=orig',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'uploader': 'Mün The Shinobi',
            'upload_date': '20221206',
            'title': 'Mün The Shinobi - This is a genius ad by Apple. \U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525\U0001f525',
            'like_count': int,
            'tags': [],
            'uploader_id': 'MunTheShinobi',
            'duration': 139.987,
            'timestamp': 1670306984.0,
        },
    }, {
        # url to retweet id
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/liberdalau/status/1623739803874349067',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1623274794488659969',
            'display_id': '1623739803874349067',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Johnny Bullets - Me after going viral to over 30million people:    Whoopsie-daisy',
            'description': 'md5:224d62f54b0cdef8e33d4c56c41ac503',
            'uploader': 'Johnny Bullets',
            'uploader_id': 'Johnnybull3ts',
            'uploader_url': 'https://twitter.com/Johnnybull3ts',
            'age_limit': 0,
            'tags': [],
            'duration': 8.033,
            'timestamp': 1675853859.0,
            'upload_date': '20230208',
            'thumbnail': r're:https://pbs\.twimg\.com/ext_tw_video_thumb/.+',
            'like_count': int,
        },
    }, {
        # onion route
        'url': 'https://twitter3e4tixl4xyajtrzo62zg5vztmjuricljdp2c5kshju4avyoid.onion/TwitterBlue/status/1484226494708662273',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # Twitch Clip Embed
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/GunB1g/status/1163218564784017422',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # promo_video_website card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/GunB1g/status/1163218564784017422',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # promo_video_convo card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/poco_dandy/status/1047395834013384704',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # appplayer card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/poco_dandy/status/1150646424461176832',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # video_direct_message card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/qarev001/status/1348948114569269251',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # poll2choice_video card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/CAF_Online/status/1349365911120195585',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # poll3choice_video card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/SamsungMobileSA/status/1348609186725289984',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # poll4choice_video card
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/SouthamptonFC/status/1347577658079641604',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]

    def _graphql_to_legacy(self, data, twid):
        result = traverse_obj(data, (
            'threaded_conversation_with_injections_v2', 'instructions', 0, 'entries',
            lambda _, v: v['entryId'] == f'tweet-{twid}', 'content', 'itemContent',
            'tweet_results', 'result', ('tweet', None),
        ), expected_type=dict, default={}, get_all=False)

        if result.get('__typename') not in ('Tweet', 'TweetTombstone', None):
            self.report_warning(f'Unknown typename: {result.get("__typename")}', twid, only_once=True)

        if 'tombstone' in result:
            cause = remove_end(traverse_obj(result, ('tombstone', 'text', 'text', {str})), '. Learn more')
            raise ExtractorError(f'Twitter API says: {cause or "Unknown error"}', expected=True)

        status = result.get('legacy', {})
        status.update(traverse_obj(result, {
            'user': ('core', 'user_results', 'result', 'legacy'),
            'card': ('card', 'legacy'),
            'quoted_status': ('quoted_status_result', 'result', 'legacy'),
        }, expected_type=dict, default={}))

        # extra transformation is needed since result does not match legacy format
        binding_values = {
            binding_value.get('key'): binding_value.get('value')
            for binding_value in traverse_obj(status, ('card', 'binding_values', ..., {dict}))
        }
        if binding_values:
            status['card']['binding_values'] = binding_values

        return status

    def _build_graphql_query(self, media_id):
        return {
            'variables': {
                'focalTweetId': media_id,
                'includePromotedContent': True,
                'with_rux_injections': False,
                'withBirdwatchNotes': True,
                'withCommunity': True,
                'withDownvotePerspective': False,
                'withQuickPromoteEligibilityTweetFields': True,
                'withReactionsMetadata': False,
                'withReactionsPerspective': False,
                'withSuperFollowsTweetFields': True,
                'withSuperFollowsUserFields': True,
                'withV2Timeline': True,
                'withVoice': True,
            },
            'features': {
                'graphql_is_translatable_rweb_tweet_is_translatable_enabled': False,
                'interactive_text_enabled': True,
                'responsive_web_edit_tweet_api_enabled': True,
                'responsive_web_enhance_cards_enabled': True,
                'responsive_web_graphql_timeline_navigation_enabled': False,
                'responsive_web_text_conversations_enabled': False,
                'responsive_web_uc_gql_enabled': True,
                'standardized_nudges_misinfo': True,
                'tweet_with_visibility_results_prefer_gql_limited_actions_policy_enabled': False,
                'tweetypie_unmention_optimization_enabled': True,
                'unified_cards_ad_metadata_container_dynamic_card_content_query_enabled': True,
                'verified_phone_label_enabled': False,
                'vibe_api_enabled': True,
            },
        }

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        twid, selected_index = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'index')
        if not self.is_logged_in:
            try:
                status = self._download_json(
                    'https://cdn.syndication.twimg.com/tweet-result', twid, 'Downloading syndication JSON',
                    headers={'User-Agent': 'Googlebot'}, query={'id': twid})
                self.to_screen(f'Some metadata is missing without authentication. {self._login_hint()}')
            except ExtractorError as e:
                if isinstance(e.cause, urllib.error.HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 404:
                    self.raise_login_required('Requested tweet may only be available when logged in')
                raise
        else:
            status = self._graphql_to_legacy(
                self._call_graphql_api('zZXycP0V6H7m-2r0mOnFcA/TweetDetail', twid), twid)

        title = description = traverse_obj(
            status, (('full_text', 'text'), {lambda x: x.replace('\n', ' ')}), get_all=False) or ''
        # strip  'https -_t.co_BJYgOjSeGA' junk from filenames
        title = re.sub(r'\s+(https?://[^ ]+)', '', title)
        user = status.get('user') or {}
        uploader = user.get('name')
        if uploader:
            title = f'{uploader} - {title}'
        uploader_id = user.get('screen_name')

        info = {
            'id': twid,
            'title': title,
            'description': description,
            'uploader': uploader,
            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(status.get('created_at')),
            'uploader_id': uploader_id,
            'uploader_url': format_field(uploader_id, None, 'https://twitter.com/%s'),
            'like_count': int_or_none(status.get('favorite_count')),
            'repost_count': int_or_none(status.get('retweet_count')),
            'comment_count': int_or_none(status.get('reply_count')),
            'age_limit': 18 if status.get('possibly_sensitive') else 0,
            'tags': traverse_obj(status, ('entities', 'hashtags', ..., 'text')),
        }

        def extract_from_video_info(media):
            media_id = traverse_obj(media, 'id_str', 'id', expected_type=str_or_none)
            if not media_id:
                # workaround for non-authenticated responses
                media_id = traverse_obj(media, (
                    'video_info', 'variants', ..., 'url',
                    {lambda x: re.search(r'_video/(\d+)/', x)[1]}), get_all=False)
            self.write_debug(f'Extracting from video info: {media_id}')

            formats = []
            subtitles = {}
            for variant in traverse_obj(media, ('video_info', 'variants', ...)):
                fmts, subs = self._extract_variant_formats(variant, twid)
                subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
                formats.extend(fmts)

            thumbnails = []
            media_url = media.get('media_url_https') or media.get('media_url')
            if media_url:
                def add_thumbnail(name, size):
                    thumbnails.append({
                        'id': name,
                        'url': update_url_query(media_url, {'name': name}),
                        'width': int_or_none(size.get('w') or size.get('width')),
                        'height': int_or_none(size.get('h') or size.get('height')),
                    })
                for name, size in media.get('sizes', {}).items():
                    add_thumbnail(name, size)
                add_thumbnail('orig', media.get('original_info') or {})

            return {
                'id': media_id or twid,
                'formats': formats,
                'subtitles': subtitles,
                'thumbnails': thumbnails,
                'view_count': traverse_obj(media, ('mediaStats', 'viewCount', {int_or_none})),
                'duration': float_or_none(traverse_obj(media, ('video_info', 'duration_millis')), 1000),
                # The codec of http formats are unknown
                '_format_sort_fields': ('res', 'br', 'size', 'proto'),
            }

        def extract_from_card_info(card):
            if not card:
                return

            self.write_debug(f'Extracting from card info: {card.get("url")}')
            binding_values = card['binding_values']

            def get_binding_value(k):
                o = binding_values.get(k) or {}
                return try_get(o, lambda x: x[x['type'].lower() + '_value'])

            card_name = card['name'].split(':')[-1]
            if card_name == 'player':
                yield {
                    '_type': 'url',
                    'url': get_binding_value('player_url'),
                }
            elif card_name == 'periscope_broadcast':
                yield {
                    '_type': 'url',
                    'url': get_binding_value('url') or get_binding_value('player_url'),
                    'ie_key': PeriscopeIE.ie_key(),
                }
            elif card_name == 'broadcast':
                yield {
                    '_type': 'url',
                    'url': get_binding_value('broadcast_url'),
                    'ie_key': TwitterBroadcastIE.ie_key(),
                }
            elif card_name == 'audiospace':
                yield {
                    '_type': 'url',
                    'url': f'https://twitter.com/i/spaces/{get_binding_value("id")}',
                    'ie_key': TwitterSpacesIE.ie_key(),
                }
            elif card_name == 'summary':
                yield {
                    '_type': 'url',
                    'url': get_binding_value('card_url'),
                }
            elif card_name == 'unified_card':
                unified_card = self._parse_json(get_binding_value('unified_card'), twid)
                yield from map(extract_from_video_info, traverse_obj(
                    unified_card, ('media_entities', ...), expected_type=dict))
            # amplify, promo_video_website, promo_video_convo, appplayer,
            # video_direct_message, poll2choice_video, poll3choice_video,
            # poll4choice_video, ...
            else:
                is_amplify = card_name == 'amplify'
                vmap_url = get_binding_value('amplify_url_vmap') if is_amplify else get_binding_value('player_stream_url')
                content_id = get_binding_value('%s_content_id' % (card_name if is_amplify else 'player'))
                formats, subtitles = self._extract_formats_from_vmap_url(vmap_url, content_id or twid)

                thumbnails = []
                for suffix in ('_small', '', '_large', '_x_large', '_original'):
                    image = get_binding_value('player_image' + suffix) or {}
                    image_url = image.get('url')
                    if not image_url or '/player-placeholder' in image_url:
                        continue
                    thumbnails.append({
                        'id': suffix[1:] if suffix else 'medium',
                        'url': image_url,
                        'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
                        'height': int_or_none(image.get('height')),
                    })

                yield {
                    'formats': formats,
                    'subtitles': subtitles,
                    'thumbnails': thumbnails,
                    'duration': int_or_none(get_binding_value(
                        'content_duration_seconds')),
                }

        videos = traverse_obj(status, (
            ('mediaDetails', ((None, 'quoted_status'), 'extended_entities', 'media')),
            lambda _, m: m['type'] != 'photo', {dict}))

        if self._yes_playlist(twid, selected_index, video_label='URL-specified video number'):
            selected_entries = (*map(extract_from_video_info, videos), *extract_from_card_info(status.get('card')))
        else:
            desired_obj = traverse_obj(status, (
                ('mediaDetails', ((None, 'quoted_status'), 'extended_entities', 'media')),
                int(selected_index) - 1, {dict}), get_all=False)
            if not desired_obj:
                raise ExtractorError(f'Video #{selected_index} is unavailable', expected=True)
            elif desired_obj.get('type') != 'video':
                raise ExtractorError(f'Media #{selected_index} is not a video', expected=True)

            # Restore original archive id and video index in title
            for index, entry in enumerate(videos, 1):
                if entry.get('id') != desired_obj.get('id'):
                    continue
                if index == 1:
                    info['_old_archive_ids'] = [make_archive_id(self, twid)]
                if len(videos) != 1:
                    info['title'] += f' #{index}'
                break

            return {**info, **extract_from_video_info(desired_obj), 'display_id': twid}

        entries = [{**info, **data, 'display_id': twid} for data in selected_entries]
        if not entries:
            expanded_url = traverse_obj(status, ('entities', 'urls', 0, 'expanded_url'), expected_type=url_or_none)
            if not expanded_url or expanded_url == url:
                self.raise_no_formats('No video could be found in this tweet', expected=True)
                return info

            return self.url_result(expanded_url, display_id=twid, **info)

        entries[0]['_old_archive_ids'] = [make_archive_id(self, twid)]

        if len(entries) == 1:
            return entries[0]

        for index, entry in enumerate(entries, 1):
            entry['title'] += f' #{index}'

        return self.playlist_result(entries, **info)


class TwitterAmplifyIE(TwitterBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'twitter:amplify'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://amp\.twimg\.com/v/(?P<id>[0-9a-f\-]{36})'

    _TEST = {
        'url': 'https://amp.twimg.com/v/0ba0c3c7-0af3-4c0a-bed5-7efd1ffa2951',
        'md5': 'fec25801d18a4557c5c9f33d2c379ffa',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '0ba0c3c7-0af3-4c0a-bed5-7efd1ffa2951',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Twitter Video',
            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*',
        },
        'params': {'format': '[protocol=https]'},
    }

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)

        vmap_url = self._html_search_meta(
            'twitter:amplify:vmap', webpage, 'vmap url')
        formats, _ = self._extract_formats_from_vmap_url(vmap_url, video_id)

        thumbnails = []
        thumbnail = self._html_search_meta(
            'twitter:image:src', webpage, 'thumbnail', fatal=False)

        def _find_dimension(target):
            w = int_or_none(self._html_search_meta(
                'twitter:%s:width' % target, webpage, fatal=False))
            h = int_or_none(self._html_search_meta(
                'twitter:%s:height' % target, webpage, fatal=False))
            return w, h

        if thumbnail:
            thumbnail_w, thumbnail_h = _find_dimension('image')
            thumbnails.append({
                'url': thumbnail,
                'width': thumbnail_w,
                'height': thumbnail_h,
            })

        video_w, video_h = _find_dimension('player')
        formats[0].update({
            'width': video_w,
            'height': video_h,
        })

        return {
            'id': video_id,
            'title': 'Twitter Video',
            'formats': formats,
            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
        }


class TwitterBroadcastIE(TwitterBaseIE, PeriscopeBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'twitter:broadcast'
    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'i/broadcasts/(?P<id>[0-9a-zA-Z]{13})'

    _TEST = {
        # untitled Periscope video
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1yNGaQLWpejGj',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1yNGaQLWpejGj',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Andrea May Sahouri - Periscope Broadcast',
            'uploader': 'Andrea May Sahouri',
            'uploader_id': '1PXEdBZWpGwKe',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://[^?#]+\.jpg\?token=',
            'view_count': int,
        },
    }

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        broadcast_id = self._match_id(url)
        broadcast = self._call_api(
            'broadcasts/show.json', broadcast_id,
            {'ids': broadcast_id})['broadcasts'][broadcast_id]
        info = self._parse_broadcast_data(broadcast, broadcast_id)
        media_key = broadcast['media_key']
        source = self._call_api(
            f'live_video_stream/status/{media_key}', media_key)['source']
        m3u8_url = source.get('noRedirectPlaybackUrl') or source['location']
        if '/live_video_stream/geoblocked/' in m3u8_url:
            self.raise_geo_restricted()
        m3u8_id = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(
            m3u8_url).query).get('type', [None])[0]
        state, width, height = self._extract_common_format_info(broadcast)
        info['formats'] = self._extract_pscp_m3u8_formats(
            m3u8_url, broadcast_id, m3u8_id, state, width, height)
        return info


class TwitterSpacesIE(TwitterBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'twitter:spaces'
    _VALID_URL = TwitterBaseIE._BASE_REGEX + r'i/spaces/(?P<id>[0-9a-zA-Z]{13})'

    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/i/spaces/1RDxlgyvNXzJL',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '1RDxlgyvNXzJL',
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'title': 'King Carlo e la mossa Kansas City per fare il Grande Centro',
            'description': 'Twitter Space participated by annarita digiorgio, Signor Ernesto, Raffaello Colosimo, Simone M. Sepe',
            'uploader': r're:Lucio Di Gaetano.*?',
            'uploader_id': 'luciodigaetano',
            'live_status': 'was_live',
            'timestamp': 1659877956,
            'upload_date': '20220807',
            'release_timestamp': 1659904215,
            'release_date': '20220807',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }]

    SPACE_STATUS = {
        'notstarted': 'is_upcoming',
        'ended': 'was_live',
        'running': 'is_live',
        'timedout': 'post_live',
    }

    def _build_graphql_query(self, space_id):
        return {
            'variables': {
                'id': space_id,
                'isMetatagsQuery': True,
                'withDownvotePerspective': False,
                'withReactionsMetadata': False,
                'withReactionsPerspective': False,
                'withReplays': True,
                'withSuperFollowsUserFields': True,
                'withSuperFollowsTweetFields': True,
            },
            'features': {
                'dont_mention_me_view_api_enabled': True,
                'interactive_text_enabled': True,
                'responsive_web_edit_tweet_api_enabled': True,
                'responsive_web_enhance_cards_enabled': True,
                'responsive_web_uc_gql_enabled': True,
                'spaces_2022_h2_clipping': True,
                'spaces_2022_h2_spaces_communities': False,
                'standardized_nudges_misinfo': True,
                'tweet_with_visibility_results_prefer_gql_limited_actions_policy_enabled': False,
                'vibe_api_enabled': True,
            },
        }

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        space_id = self._match_id(url)
        space_data = self._call_graphql_api('HPEisOmj1epUNLCWTYhUWw/AudioSpaceById', space_id)['audioSpace']
        if not space_data:
            raise ExtractorError('Twitter Space not found', expected=True)

        metadata = space_data['metadata']
        live_status = try_call(lambda: self.SPACE_STATUS[metadata['state'].lower()])
        is_live = live_status == 'is_live'

        formats = []
        if live_status == 'is_upcoming':
            self.raise_no_formats('Twitter Space not started yet', expected=True)
        elif not is_live and not metadata.get('is_space_available_for_replay'):
            self.raise_no_formats('Twitter Space ended and replay is disabled', expected=True)
        elif metadata.get('media_key'):
            source = traverse_obj(
                self._call_api(f'live_video_stream/status/{metadata["media_key"]}', metadata['media_key']),
                ('source', ('noRedirectPlaybackUrl', 'location'), {url_or_none}), get_all=False)
            formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                source, metadata['media_key'], 'm4a', live=is_live, fatal=False,
                headers={'Referer': 'https://twitter.com/'}) if source else []
            for fmt in formats:
                fmt.update({'vcodec': 'none', 'acodec': 'aac'})
                if not is_live:
                    fmt['container'] = 'm4a_dash'

        participants = ', '.join(traverse_obj(
            space_data, ('participants', 'speakers', ..., 'display_name'))) or 'nobody yet'

        if not formats and live_status == 'post_live':
            self.raise_no_formats('Twitter Space ended but not downloadable yet', expected=True)

        return {
            'id': space_id,
            'title': metadata.get('title'),
            'description': f'Twitter Space participated by {participants}',
            'uploader': traverse_obj(
                metadata, ('creator_results', 'result', 'legacy', 'name')),
            'uploader_id': traverse_obj(
                metadata, ('creator_results', 'result', 'legacy', 'screen_name')),
            'live_status': live_status,
            'release_timestamp': try_call(
                lambda: int_or_none(metadata['scheduled_start'], scale=1000)),
            'timestamp': int_or_none(metadata.get('created_at'), scale=1000),
            'formats': formats,
        }


class TwitterShortenerIE(TwitterBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'twitter:shortener'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://t.co/(?P<id>[^?]+)|tco:(?P<eid>[^?]+)'
    _BASE_URL = 'https://t.co/'

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
        eid, id = mobj.group('eid', 'id')
        if eid:
            id = eid
            url = self._BASE_URL + id
        new_url = self._request_webpage(url, id, headers={'User-Agent': 'curl'}).geturl()
        __UNSAFE_LINK = "https://twitter.com/safety/unsafe_link_warning?unsafe_link="
        if new_url.startswith(__UNSAFE_LINK):
            new_url = new_url.replace(__UNSAFE_LINK, "")
        return self.url_result(new_url)